Guru Kashi University

COURSE FILE
FLUID MECHANICS (105402)

Maintained By:Er. Sandeep Kumar

Assistant Professor Mechanical Engineering Department. GGSCET, GURU KASHI UNIVERSITY Ta!"an#i Sa$o%

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Fluid Mechanics 105402
Internal Marks: 50 External Marks: 50 Total Marks: 100 LTP 312

Sub ec! Facul!"

FLUID MECHANICS
E#$ SANDEE% &UMA'

(e)! *++,s (!+ be ac-ui#ed b" !he S!uden!s) *++, 1 *++, 2 'e.e#ence *++,s *++, / Fluid Mechanics by &ndra'eet M. (ain, )ech-Max Publications, Pune. Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines by R.K. Bansal, Laxmi Publications.. Fluid Mechanics and fluid o!er en"ineerin" by #.$. Kumar% $.K. Kataria and $ons Publishers

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C&URSE &'(ECTIVE
)his course is desi"ned for the under"raduate mechanical en"ineerin" students to de*elo an understandin" of the beha*ior of fluids at rest or in motion and the subse+uent effects of the fluids on the boundaries as the mechanical en"ineers has to deal !ith fluids in *arious a lications. )his course !ill also de*elo analytical abilities related to fluid flo!. &t is ex ected ly that students !ill be able to ha*e conce tual understandin" of fluids and their ro erties, a ex eriments effecti*ely and do the henomenon.

the analytical tools to sol*e different ty es of roblems related to fluid flo! in i es, desi"n the rototy e studies of different ty es of machines and

0HE'E AND H10 0ILL (HIS SU*2EC( HEL%3

,n com letion of the course, the student !ill "et Kno!led"e about: -. .once tual understandin" of fluids and their ro erties. /. 0nderstandin" of static, 1inematic and dynamics beha*ior of fluid. 2. Basic 1no!led"e of model and rototy es% the la!s for determinin" the model and rototy e dimensions. 3. 0nderstandin" of ressure and flo! measurin" e+ui ments.

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Sy!!a$us
Interna! )ar*s+ ,E/terna! )ar*s+ ,Tota! )ar*s+ 1-DE(AILED C1N(EN(S4 5 1$ Funda6en!als +. Fluid Mechanics4 &ntroduction% 4 lications% .once t of fluid% #ifference bet!een solids, li+uids and "ases% .once t of continuum% &deal and real fluids% Fluid ro erties: density, s ecific *olume, s ecific !ei"ht, s ecific "ra*ity, *iscosity 5dynamic and 1inematic6, *a our ressure, com ressibility, bul1 modulus, Mach number, surface tension and ca illarity% 7e!tonian and non-7e!tonian fluids. 2$ Fluid S!a!ics4 .once t of static fluid ressure% Pascal8s la! and its en"ineerin" a lications% Hydrostatic aradox% 4ction of fluid ressure on a lane submer"ed surface 5hori9ontal, *ertical and inclined6: resultant force and center of ressure% Force on a cur*ed surface due to hydrostatic ressure% Buoyancy and flotation% $tability of floatin" and submer"ed bodies% Metacentric hei"ht and its determination% Periodic time of oscillation% Pressure distribution in a li+uid sub'ected to : 5i6 constant acceleration alon" hori9ontal, *ertical and inclined direction 5linear motion6, 5ii6 constant rotation. /$ Fluid &ine6a!ics4 .lassification of fluid flo!s% La"ran"ian and :uler flo! descri tions% ;elocity and acceleration of fluid article% Local and con*ecti*e acceleration% 7ormal and tan"ential acceleration% Path line, strea1 line, streamline and timelines% Flo! rate and dischar"e mean *elocity% ,ne dimensional continuity e+uation% .ontinuity e+uation in .artesian 5x,y,96, olar 5r,<6 and cylindrical 5r,<,96 coordinates% #eri*ation of continuity e+uation usin" the La"ran"ian method in .artesian coordinates% Rotational flo!s: rotation, *orticity and circulation% $tream function and *elocity otential function, and relationshi bet!een them% Flo! net. 4$ Fluid D"na6ics4 #eri*ation of :uler8s e+uation of motion in .artesian coordinates, and alon" a streamline% #eri*ation of Bernoulli8s e+uation 5usin" rinci le of conser*ation of ener"y and e+uation of motion6 and its a lications to steady state ideal and real fluid flo!s% Re resentation of ener"y chan"es in fluid system 5hydraulic and ener"y "radient lines6% &m ulse momentum e+uation% Kinetic ener"y and momentum correction factors% Flo! alon" a cur*ed streamline% Free and forced *ortex motions. 5$ Di6ensi+nal Anal"sis and Si6ili!ude4 7eed of dimensional analysis% Fundamental and deri*ed units% #imensions and dimensional homo"eneity% Raylei"h8s and Buc1in"ham8s = - method for dimensional analysis% #imensionless numbers 5Reynolds, Froudes, :uler, Mach, and >eber6 and their si"nificance% 7eed of similitude% ?eometric, 1inematic and dynamic similarity% Model and rototy e studies% $imilarity model la!s. 7$ In!e#nal Fl+8s4 .TP 012

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Laminar and turbulent flo!s: Reynolds number, critical *elocity, critical Reynolds number, hydraulic diameter, flo! re"imes% Ha"en @ Poiseuille e+uation% #arcy e+uation% Head losses in i es and i e fittin"s% Flo! throu"h i es in series and arallel% .once t of e+ui*alent i e% Rou"hness in i es, Moody8s chart. 9$ %#essu#e and Fl+8 Measu#e6en!4 Manometers% Pitot tubes% ;arious hydraulic coefficients% ,rifice meters% ;enturi meters% Borda mouth ieces% 7otches 5rectan"ular, ; and )ra e9oidal6 and !eirs% Rotameters.

ME(H1D 1F E:ALUA(I1N 1F IN(E'NAL MA'&S ;&U<EIM<01

(1(AL IN(E'NAL MA'&S4 50 a. b. c. $essional :xamination 0nit >ise 4ssi"nments 4ttendance M$)-M$)-/ -A -A -B -B

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FACULTY TIME-TABLE
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 @
/4155 4 4 0 0

DAY/ TIME Monday Tuesday ednesda y

@4155 104 00

104005 1044 5

104455 114/0

114/05 12415
FM 4M1 D 209

124155 1400

140051445

14455 24 /0

24/05 /415

FM LAB 4M1 G1 FM 4M2 G1 (T) FM LAB 4M2 G2 FM 4M2 D 209 FM 4M1 G1 (T) FM 4M2 D 209

FM 4M2 D 209 FM 4M1 D 203 FM LAB 4M2 G1 FM 4M2 D 209 FM 4M1 D 20 3 FM 4M2 G2 (T)

BRE AK
FM 4M1 G2 (T) FM 4M1 D 203

T!u"sday F"#day

FM LAB 4M1 G2

GKU Sy!!a$us 3 .esson P!an

GKU4.P4-1
Uni! (+=ic Sub (+=ics N+ +. Classes 'e-ui#ed S"l$ C+>e#a?e F#+6 Ac!ual C+>e#a?e (+ 'e6a#,s (I. an") F#+6

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Fundamentals of Fluid mechanics
.once t of fluid, Fluid Pro erties, )y es of Fluid, .om ressibility, $urface )ension, ;iscosity Pascal8s la! of ressure, ressure measurement, Hydrostatics aradox and hydrostatic forces on a lane 5hori9ontal, inclined, submer"ed surface6% Buoyancy and flotation, $tability criteria of floatin" and submer"ed bodies, Metacentric hei"ht .lassification of Fluid flo!s, Methods of describin" fluid motion, *elocity and acceleration of fluid, .ontinuity :+uation in .artesian, olar and cylindrical coordinates, $tream and *elocity functions, Flo! net. :uler8s :+uation of motion in .artesian form, Bernoulli8s :+uation and its a lication to steady state real and ideal fluid, &m ulse moment e+uation, 1inetic ener"y and momentum correction factors, Free and forced *ortex motions. 7eed, Fundamental and #eri*ed units, Raylei"h and buc1in"ham8s Pi methods for dimensional analysis% #imensionless numbers and their si"nificance% ?eometric, 1inematic and dynamic similarity% Model and rototy e studies, similarity model la!s.
-2D-D/B-3 -2D-D/B-3 CD-D/B-3 CD-D/B-3

-3D-D/B-3

-3D-D/B-3

/BD-D/B-3

/BD-D/B-3

Fluid $tatics

Fluid &ine6a!ics

Fluid D"na6ics

-BD/D/-B3

Di6ensi+nal Anal"sis and Si6ili!ude

-FD/D/-B3

More 7umerical are re+uired to #eri*ations yet to be re*ised be racticed in tute.

/-D-D/-B3

/-D-D/-B3

/ED-D/-B3

/FD-D/-B3

/FD-D/-B3

ED/D/-B3

/ED-D/-B3

#one

#one

Guru Kashi University

Laminar and turbulent flo!s, Reynolds number, critical *elocity, critical Reynolds number, hydraulic diameter, flo! re"imes% Ha"en @ Poiseuille e+uation% #arcy e+uation% Head losses in i es and i e fittin"s% Flo! throu"h i es in series and arallel% .once t of e+ui*alent i e% Rou"hness in i es, Moody8s chart.

-GD/D/-B3

In!e#nal Fl+8s

%#essu#e and Fl+8 Measu#e6en!

Manometers; Pitot tubes; Various hydraulic coefficients; Orifice meters; Venturi meters; Borda mouthpieces; Notches (rectangular, V and rape!oidal" and #eirs; $otameters% &ol'ed , (nsol'ed numerical problems of all the chapters%

Nu6e#ical %#ac!ice and #e>isi+n +. S"llabus$

-FD2D/B-3

11

C+n!ac! classes .+# S"llabus c+>e#a?e

AC

-3D3D/-B3

-FD2D/B-3

2D2D/-B3

/FD/D/-B3

:e#i.ied b" H1D

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)e5hani5a! En6ineerin6 7e8art9ent, GGSCET
)luid Mechanics *ssignment No% + 1 (,ate of &ubmission- ./0.101.12"
3i'e three differences bet#een solids and li4uids% 5lassify the different types of )luids% *lso sho# graphically the 'ariation of shear stress #ith 'elocity gradient for each% 6hat is Mach number7 6hat is the 'alue of Mach number for subsonic and hypersonic flo#7 ,efine dynamic and 8inematic 'iscosity% *lso state their units in &%9 : 5%3%& system% ;<plain the concept of hydrostatic parado<% ,istinguish bet#een surface tension and capillarity% ;<plain= absolute, gauge, atmospheric and 'acuum pressure7 he dynamic 'iscosity of oil, used for lubrication bet#een a shaft and slee'e is > poise% he shaft is of diameter .%2 m and rotates at 1?. r%p%m% 5alculate the po#er lost in the bearing for a slee'e length of ?.mm% he thic8ness of the oil film is 1%@ mm% *n in'erted differential manometer is connected to t#o pipes * and B #hich con'ey #ater as sho#n in figure% he fluid in manometer is oil of sp% gr% .%A% )or the manometer readings sho#n in the fig, find the pressure difference bet#een * and B% $emester 3th

* differential Manometer is connected at the t#o points * : B as sho#n in figure% *t B air pressure is ?%A1 N0cmB (*bs%", find the absolute pressure at *%