ASCT/EEE/LAB/BEE-03 (Kirch-hoffs Current & Voltage La !

EXPERIMENT NO. - 03
AIM: Verification of Kirch-hoffs C rrent !a" #KC!$ % Kirch-hoffs Vo&ta'e !a" #KV!$. IN(TR)MENT( RE*)IRE+:
S. No. 1. '( 3( ,( )( -( .( /( Name "egulate# $o er su$$l% "heostat "heostat "heostat A**eter A**eter Volt*eter Volt*eter Range 0 -30V )00 oh*+ & a*$ ,) oh*+ ) a*$ &) oh*+) a*$ 0-& a*$ 0-' a*$ 0-)0V 0-30V Qty & & & ' ' & & &

T,EOR-:
Kirch-hoffs Current Law (KCL): Kirch-hoffs current law states that the algebraic sum of the all branch current leaving a node is zero at all instants of time. This la is a conse0uence of conser1ation of charge2 hich enters the no#e2 *ust lea1e the no#e since it cannot 3e store# there( Since the alge3raic su* of the charge is 4ero( So its ti*e #eri1ati1e shoul# also 3e 4ero( A node in a network is the point at which more than two branches are meeting together. 5athe*aticall%2 I./I0 1 I3/I2 Kirch-hoffs o!tage Law (K L): Kirch-hoffs voltage law state that the algebraic sum of the all branch voltage around any closed lop a network is zero at all instants of time. This la is a conse0uence of the la of conser1ation of energ%2 1oltage 3eing the energ% $er unit charge( An increase in energ% hile going fro* one 3ranch to another is ter*e# as a 1oltage rise hile a #ecrease in energ% is ter*e# as a 1oltage #ro$( Alternatel%2 the Kirch-hoffs 1oltage la *a% 3e e6$resse# in ter*s of #ro$ & rise of 1oltage as7 Around any closed loop at any instant of time, the sum of voltage drop must be equal to the sum of voltage rise. 5athe*aticall%2 e.3.f. / IR 1 0 V. 1 I.R0 / I.R3 V . 1 V 0 / V3

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ASCT/EEE/LAB/BEE-03 (Kirch-hoffs Current & Voltage La !

CIRC)IT +IA4RAM:

PROCE+)RE:
": Kirch-hoffs Current Law: &( Connect the circuit as $er the fig( '( A#9ust the $osition of all the rheostats in the circuits so that each of these offers *a6i*u* resistance in the 3eginning( 3( S itch on the #c su$$l%( ,( :ote #o n the rea#ings of all the a**eters in the circuit( )( Change the 1alue of resistances in the 3ranches to get #ifferent set of rea#ings( -( ;hile ta<ing the rea#ing of all the a**eters for a $articular setting of the rheostats2 o3ser1e that the su* of rea#ing of a**eters A& & A' is e0ual to the rea#ing of a**eter of A( .( S itch off the #c su$$l%( #: Kirch-hoffs o!tage Law: &( 5a<e the connection as $er the circuit( '( A#9ust the resistance of the circuit to its *a6i*u* 1alue( 3( S itch on the #c su$$l%( ,( Ta<e the rea#ing of a**eter & 1olt *eter V2 V&2 V'( )( "e$eat ste$ - , for #ifferent set of rea#ings( -( S itch off the #c su$$l%(

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ASCT/EEE/LAB/BEE-03 (Kirch-hoffs Current & Voltage La !

O5(ERVATION TA5!E:
": Kirch-hoffs Current Law: S. No. &( '( "$$!ie% &o!tage ' '1 '( '1) '(

#: Kirch-hoffs o!tage Law: S. No. &( '( "$$!ie% &o!tage

1 ( 1

RE()!T:
&( Since the current entering the net or< = is e0ual to the su**ation of the current lea1ing the net or< i(e( =& > ='2 therefore the Kirch-hoffs Current La is 1erifie#( '( Since the alge3raic su* of all 1oltages i(e( V & & V' aroun# a close# loo$ is e0ual to V( Thus Kirch-hoffs Voltage La is 1erifie#(

PRECA)TION(:
&( 5a<e the connections carefull%( '( ?3ser1ations shoul# 3e note# #o n carefull%( 3( All the connection shoul# 3e tight(

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