Expert Tips - Physics (Class 12)

Dear students, How is your preparation for this years physics exam? Is it very good, good, so -so or you have no idea where you stand? Wherever you stand and whatever be your strategy, we at meritnation.com are always here to help you score well. You dont have to be a Physicist to score marks in Physics. A good strategy can however help you score cool marks even you have hated this subject the most. Here is a small analysis just to help you understand the fact that it is easy to score in physics.

Based on the question pattern of 2011 and 2012, the number and marks assigned to different types of questions are as follows: Question Type Definition Based Formula Based Derivation Law/Principle (application) Numerical Memory Marks (%) 36 6 13 6 26 13 Number of Question (%) 29 10 13 8 27 13

The total marks allotted to this paper is 70. Study all the definitions and derivations and memorize all the formulae and you are guaranteed with approximately 38 marks. If you are good with the concepts, then the numerical and application of laws/ principles can give you approximately 22 marks.

If you have covered all the topics in the syllabus and memorized all the terms and points, then approximately another 10 marks is on your side. Unit-wise distribution of marks: Units 1. Electrostatics 2. Current Electricity 3. Magnetic Effect of Current and Magnetism 4. Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current 5. EM waves 6. Optics 7. Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 8. Atoms and Nuclei 9. Electronic Devices 10. Communication Systems Marks 8 7 8 8 3 14 4 6 7 5

CHEMISTRY IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

All equations must be balanced. A reaction, which is not balanced, is not an equation.

Ques: Complete the following chemical reaction equations: (i) P4 + SO2Cl2 (ii) XeF4 + H2O (CBSE 2010 Set 3, Q 30) Model Ans: (i) P4 + 10 SO2Cl2 4 PCl5 + 10 SO2 (ii) 6 XeF4 + 12 H2O 4 Xe + 2 XeO3 + 24 HF + 3 O2

Reasoning questions carry one mark each and demand to-the point and precise answer.

Ques: NF3 is an exothermic compound but NCl3 is endothermic compound. (CBSE 2010 Set 3, Q 30) Model Ans: The instability of NCl3 is due to the weak NCl bond. This is due to the large difference in the size of nitrogen and chlorine atoms. On the other hand, atoms of both nitrogen (75 pm) and fluorine (72 pm) are small sized. Thus, bonding in NF3 is quite strong and it is an exothermic compound. Ques: Account for the following: (CBSE 2009 Set 1, Q 23) (i) NH3 is a stronger base than PH3. (ii) Sulphur has a greater tendency for catenation than oxygen. (iii) Bond dissociation energy of F2 is less than that of Cl2. Model Ans: (i) On moving from nitrogen to phosphorus, i.e., down the group, the atomic size increases. As the size of the central atom increases, the lone pair of electrons occupy a larger

volume. Consequently, the electron density, and hence, the basic strength decrease. Thus, NH 3 is a stronger base than PH3. (ii) The tendency for catenation depends upon the bond energy. The bond energy of a sulphur molecule is more than that of an oxygen molecule. Thus, the sulphur sulphur bond strength is higher, and as a result, the tendency of catenation is also higher. Sulphur shows catenation up to eight atoms. (iii) Bond dissociation energy of fluorine is less than that of chlorine. It is due to the low value of electron affinity of small-sized fluorine. Also, the value of enthalpy of hydration of fluorine is much higher than that of chlorine.

Attempting numericals: Start the answer by writing the skeleton formula in standard notation followed by substitution of values with units. Numericals carry step-wise marking. At times it happens that due to lack of time these questions remain unattempted. In that case, even if you write the general formula and substitute the values, you manage to score half of the total marks alloted to the question.

Ques: A solution prepared by dissolving 1.25 g of oil of winter green (methyl salicylate) in 99.0 g of benzene has a boiling point of 80.31 C. Determine the molar mass of this compound. (B.P. of pure benzene = 80.10 C and Kb for benzene = 2.53 C kg mol1) (CBSE 2010 Set 3, Q 21)

Conversion of units should be taken care of. The final answer must be written with units. Always support your answers with structures, examples, equations and graphs even if the question does not ask for it. Memory-based questions are usually asked from the chapters like polymers, chemistry in everyday life, biomolecules and surface chemistry.

Example : Ques: Define the term, homopolymerisation giving an example. (2012 CBSE Set 1, Q8 Polymer) Ques: What is meant by coagulation of a colloidal solution? Describe briefly any three methods by which coagulation of lyophobic sols can be carried out. (2012 CBSE Set 1, Q11 Surface Chemistry) Ques: What is meant by (i) Peptide linkage (ii) biocatalysts? (2012 CBSE Set 2, Q14 Biomolecules) Ques: Explain the following terms giving one example of each type: (i) Antacids, (ii) Disinfectants, (iii) Enzymes. (2012 CBSE Set 3, Q27 Chemistry in Everyday Life)