December 2004 Technical paper for presentation at the 53rd Indian Foundry Congress, Kolkata, January 2005

SURVEY OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN INDIAN FOUNDRY INDUSTRY: BENEFITS AND CONCERNS

Dr. B. Ravi, Associate Professor Durgesh Joshi, Research Scholar Rahul Chougule, Research Scholar Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Mumbai 400076

ABSTRACT We present the results of a survey on computer applications in Indian foundry industry to assess the level of penetration, as well as their benefits and concerns in implementation. The survey was conducted over the last five years (2000-2004) covering 128 participants belonging to 104 organisations from all over the country. This included 77 foundries and tool-makers, 14 original equipment manufacturers, and 13 consultants, researchers and teachers. The foundries represented all major metals, processes and capacities. The survey showed a rapid increase in the penetration of computer applications. Today 94% are using Internet, 71% are using CAD/CAM, 65% are using planning software and 18% are using simulation. The benefits of CAD/CAM are mainly felt for faster development and cost reduction; simulation for quality assurance and yield improvement; and planning, internet and collaboration for cost reduction and customer satisfaction. Interestingly, the perceived extent of benefits and bottlenecks has changed over the last five years. In 2000, for both CAD/CAM and simulation, the major concerns were initial cost and technical manpower. By 2004, these concerns rapidly diminished for CAD/CAM, but not for simulation. On the other hand, technical support, which was not considered important in 2000, has become a major concern now. The details are presented in the paper.

1. MOTIVATION AND METHODOLOGY Information technology has changed the way products are designed, produced and delivered today. A stream of new software products and services are enabling continuous improvement in product quality and cost, while compressing the lead time for development. Today, a number of computer applications are available for the foundry industry [1-3]. Ironically, while a large number of Indians are working in software firms abroad, and are also providing related services to manufacturing firms there, the penetration of IT solutions in Indian manufacturing continues to be limited, especially in the foundry industry.

To spread awareness about the computer applications in foundry industry, we have been conducting continuing education programmes for practicing engineers for more than ten years. Since 2000, we also started administering a survey questionnaire to the participants of such courses to obtain their feedback, gain a better insight about the penetration of computer applications in Indian foundry industry, and to understand the benefits and concerns involved. The participants (totalling 128 so far) represented 103 foundries, toolmakers, original equipment manufacturers, CAD/CAM firms, research organisations and engineering colleges from all over the country. The questionnaire included four major areas of computer applications listed below, along with specific application in each major area. CAD/CAM: Solid modelling, tooling (pattern/mould) design and tool path generation for manufacture on CNC machines. Casting simulation: Feeder and gating system design, and simulation of mould filling and casting solidification. Manufacturing Planning: Materials requirement planning, scheduling, cost estimation, and quality control and management. Internet and Collaboration: E-mail (for communication with employees, customers and suppliers), company website, design data exchange over LAN and Internet, design for manufacture and concurrent engineering.

For each type of application, the participants gave their feedback about the benefits and concerns. If an organisation did not yet implement a computer application in a particular area, then the participant was requested to provide the perceived benefits and concerns in implementing that application. The participants selected one or more of the following options: Benefits: Cost reduction, higher yield, lower rejections, faster development, and customer satisfaction. Concerns: Initial cost, maintenance cost, technical support, trained manpower.

In addition, the profile of the organisation in terms of types of castings handled: metal, geometric complexity, size/weight range, and production capacity was also obtained. The detailed questionnaire is given in Appendix 1. 2. PROFILE OF THE ORGANISATIONS The total number of participants providing their feedback over the last five years (2000-2004) was 128. Table 1 gives the year-wise distribution of the participants. A few participants were from the same organisation, and the total number of organisations covered was 104. This included 73 foundries, 4 tool-makers, 14 original equipment manufacturers, and 13 CAD/CAM consultants, researchers and teachers. The complete list of organisations, segregated year-wise, is given in Appendix 2. Foundries covered in the survey had a wide range of processes, cast metals and application areas (see Table 2). The sum of percentage values for each of these can be more than 100% as many foundries have more than one type of metal, process and application areas. Of these, 70% were ISO9000/QS9000 certified. Capacity-wise, about 35% foundries had less than 1000 tonnes/year production, 34% had 1000-5000 tonnes/year, and 31% had over 5000 tonnes/year. 2

Original equipment manufacturers included organizations manufacturing automobile, automobile components, machine tools, motors & generators, pumps & valves, heavy equipment, railways and defence sector. The group of consultants, researchers and teachers included participants providing assistance to the foundry sector in terms of consultancy, R&D and training. Most of the consultants were from CAD/CAM service firms, some with special groups handling tool design and casting simulation. Table 1: Distribution of participants Type of participants \ Year Foundry and tool-makers Original equipment manufacturers Consultants, researchers, teachers Total 2004 22 10 8 40 2003 13 7 2 22 2002 18 3 9 30 2001 19 0 1 20 2000 15 0 1 16 Total 87 20 21 128

Table 2: Profile of foundries covered in the survey (percent wise) Casting Processes Sand Moulding Shell Moulding Pressure Die Casting Gravity Die Casting Investment Casting Centrifugal Casting Full Mould Flaskless Moulding Cast Metals Grey Iron Ductile Iron Stainless Steel Carbon Steel Aluminium Copper Zinc Tin Magnesium Others Applications Auto components Pumps & Valves Motors & Generators Machine Tools Farming & Mining Railways Defence Others

69 31 23 18 6 5 2 2

57 29 12 12 45 15 9 9 5 6

68 49 37 32 25 23 20 17

3. SURVEY RESULTS AND INSIGHTS The survey provided several valuable insights into the penetration and perceptions regarding computer applications in Indian foundry industry. Table 3 presents the distribution of different types of computer applications in the foundry industry. The report of participants showed a gradual increase in the use of CAD/CAM, planning and Internet/collaboration software in their organisations over the last 4 years. The use of CAD/CAM increased from 32% (in 2001) to 71% (in 2004). Similarly, planning software increased from 37% to 65%. Interestingly, there seems to have been a healthy investment in all computer applications in 2000: 50% of participants reported CAD/CAM applications, 43% simulation, 71% planning and 57% Internet. This sharply fell in the following year (especially for simulation software: 16%, and planning software: 37%), perhaps owing to the dotcom meltdown and depressed markets. The trend continued in 2002 with lower reported penetration of Internet and planning software, but somewhat compensated by increased spending in simulation software, which increased to 33%. However, the absolute penetration of casting simulation software continues to remain low: still less than 20% in the last two years. Some of these trends are evident from the results in Figure 1.

Table 3: Penetration of computer applications in foundry industry Year Organisations CAD/CAM Simulation Planning Net/Collab. 2004 17 12 (71%) 3 (18%) 11 (65%) 16 (94%) 2003 12 6 (50%) 2 (17%) 3 (25%) 8 (67%) 2002 15 5 (33%) 5 (33%) 3 (20%) 5 (33%) 2001 19 6 (32%) 3 (16%) 7 (37%) 10 (53%) 2000 14 7 (50%) 6 (43%) 10 (71%) 8 (57%) Total 77 36 (47%) 19 (25%) 34 (44%) 47 (61%)

100 90 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 CAD/CAM Simulation Planning

2004

2003

80

2004

2000

2004

2003

2000

2000

2002 2001

2002

2001

2003

2004

2003

2001

2002

Internet / Collaboration

Fig. 1: Growth of computer applications in foundry industry

The benefits and concerns related to computer applications, as experienced or perceived by the participants of this survey, are given in Table 4. The benefits of CAD/CAM are experienced mainly in terms of shorter development time (41% of foundries and 75% of OEMs), followed by cost reduction (30% of foundries and 50% of OEMs). The benefits of planning are felt more in cost reduction and customer satisfaction, and here too, felt more strongly by participants from OEMs (45% and 65% for the two benefits, respectively) than those from foundries (29% and 25%). The benefits of Internet and collaboration are felt equally in terms of faster development and customer satisfaction, and by foundries (36%) as well as OEMs (45%). Simulation appears to help more in terms of lower rejection, higher yield and faster development. In this case, the perceptions of both foundries are OEMs are almost equal (32% and 30%, respectively).

2002

2001

2000

Table 4: Benefits and concerns in implementation (percent wise)

Benefits Experienced or Perceived Lower Rejection Faster Development Customer Satisfaction Higher Yield Concerns in Implementation Maintenance 5 7 8 13 30 10 15 40 0 10 5 24

Initial Cost

CAD/CAM Foundries and Tool-makers (87) Original Equipment Manufacturers (20) Consultants, Researchers and Teachers (21) Simulation Planning Net/Collab. CAD/CAM Simulation Planning Net / Collab. CAD/CAM Simulation Planning Net/Collab.

Cost Reduction

Participant Group

Computer Application

30 31 29 17 50 25 45 30 33 19 5 14

14 32 8 1 30 30 30 30 14 29 10 5

15 32 10 5 45 30 15 45 24 29 0 5

41 32 17 36 75 30 15 45 52 43 5 29

29 26 25 36 50 10 65 45 38 38 14 19

24 30 11 18 55 15 20 30 24 33 0 10

In terms of concerns for foundries and tool-makers, technical support for CAD/CAM programs (31%), initial cost of simulation programs (30%), and the need for trained manpower (28%) topped the list. A similar trend was seen for OEMs also: initial cost and trained manpower (55% each), followed by technical support (45%) and maintenance (30%). Interestingly, foundries are not concerned by the maintenance costs of CAD/CAM and simulation software, implying that they have either purchased the software recently, or do not plan to upgrade the systems in near future. All four areas of concern (initial cost, maintenance, technical support and trained manpower) were low for planning software, for foundries as well as OEMs. The OEMs however, showed a higher concern for Internet/collaboration applications, as compared to foundries. This could imply that OEMs are considering more advanced applications such as web-based synchronised product data management (which are more expensive and difficult to implement), as compared to low end applications such as e-mail and file exchange being implemented by foundries. The group of consultants, researchers and teachers reflect a similar overall trend, placing simulation software at the top of concerns in terms of initial cost (33%) and trained manpower (29%). The benefits and concerns in implementing computer applications, as experienced or perceived by participants from the group of foundries and tool-makers, are graphically highlighted in Figure 2.

Technical Support Trained Manpower 31 22 15 11 45 10 10 20 10 19 19 14 28 23 21 21 55 15 15 15 24 29 5 5

Fig. 2: Benefits and concerns in various computer applications for foundries Table 5: Variation in foundry perceptions over last 5 years (percent wise)
Benefits Experienced or Perceived Faster Development Higher Yield Year Computer Application Concerns in Implementation Maintenance 0 9 9 18 0 8 8 15 0 0 0 0 11 5 5 11 13 13 20 20

Customer Satisfaction Initial Cost

CAD/CAM 2004 Simulation Planning Net/Collaboration CAD/CAM 2003 Simulation Planning Net/Collaboration CAD/CAM 2002 Simulation Planning Net/Collaboration CAD/CAM 2001 Simulation Planning Net/Collaboration CAD/CAM 2000 Simulation Planning Net/Collaboration

27 27 36 14 38 23 38 15 6 28 17 17 37 42 16 16 47 33 40 27

18 27 9 5 15 23 15 0 6 28 0 0 11 32 5 0 20 53 13 0

18 27 9 5 15 23 8 15 6 28 17 0 11 37 5 0 27 47 13 7

64 45 32 55 85 38 31 54 17 28 17 17 37 37 5 42 7 7 0 7

50 23 32 50 23 23 38 46 11 28 17 22 32 37 16 37 20 20 27 20

5 32 18 23 31 31 15 23 17 11 0 28 42 37 11 11 33 40 13 7

Technical Support Trained Manpower 41 23 18 18 38 31 15 23 11 6 17 0 37 21 16 16 27 33 7 0 23 27 23 27 31 23 31 23 17 17 17 17 26 16 21 16 47 33 13 20

Cost Reduction

Lower Rejection

90 80 70 60

60 50
2004

2000

(a) CAD/CAM
2004

2003

(b) Simulation
2001

2000 2001

2004 2003

2001

2004 2003 2002 2001

2001 2000

40
2004 2003 2002
2001

2000

2004 2003 2002

2002

2004 2003

2001

50 40 30 20 10 0

2004 2003 2002 2001 2000

2004 2003 2002 2001 2000

2003

2000

2002

20 10 0
2000

Cost Reduction

2002

Higher Yield

Lower Rejection

Faster Development

2000

Customer Satisfaction

2002

Cost Reduction

Higher Yield

Lower Rejection

Faster Development
2004 2003

Customer Satisfaction

2004 2003

2004 2003

2004

40 30

2001

50
2000

2004 2003
2002

50

(c) Planning
2000 2003

60

(d) Net/Collab.

40 30
2004 2003 2002 2001 2000

2002 2001

2002

2002

2002 2001

2001 2000

2000

2000

2004 2003

20 10 0

2003

2004 2003 2002 2001 2000

0 Cost Reduction

Higher Yield

Lower Rejection

Faster Development

Customer Satisfaction

Cost Reduction

Higher Yield

2004

10

Lower Rejection

2002 2001 2000

2002 2001

2001

2001 2000

Faster Development

2002

20

2004 2003

Customer Satisfaction

Fig. 3: Reported benefits of (a) CAD/CAM, (b) simulation, (c) planning and (d) Internet/collaboration programs
2000

(a) CAD/CAM
50
2001 2004 2003 2001

(b) Simulation
50
2001

40

2000

40

2000

2000

2004

2003

2003

2003

2003

2000

2001

2004

2004

30

30

2004

2001

2003

2002

2002

2002

2000

2002

2001

2002

2004

2003

2000

2004

2004

2003 2002

Initial Cost

Maintenance

Technical Support

Trained manpower

Initial Cost

Maintenance

2002

2001

Technical Support

2002

10

10

Trained manpower

(c) Planning
2002 2004 30 2004 2003 2003 2003

(d) Net/Collab.
2002 30 2004 2003 2003 2004 2003

2000

2001
2001 2000

20

2000

2000

20

2004

2004 2003

2004

2004

2002

2001

2001

2001

2003

2000

10

10

2002

2002

2000

2000

2001

2001

2001

2001

20

20

2002

Initial Cost

Maintenance

Technical Support

Trained manpower

Initial Cost

Maintenance

Technical Support

2002

2000

Trained manpower

Fig. 4: Reported concerns of (a) CAD/CAM, (b) simulation, (c) planning and (d) Internet/collaboration programs The perceptions have however, changed over the last five years. This is especially true for participants from the foundry and tool-makers group, as given in Table 5 and graphically shown in figures 3 and 4. In 2000, the major reported or perceived benefit of all computer applications was cost reduction. By 2003-2004, a more realistic picture, in line with widely accepted benefits reported worldwide, has emerged. Now the major reported or perceived benefit of CAD/CAM and simulation programs is faster development (64% and 45% respectively). Simulation programs also help in

2002

2000

2000

2000

30

2004 2003 2002

2001

lower rejections and higher yield (27% each). For planning software, the major benefits reported today are cost reduction (36%), customer satisfaction (32%) and faster development (32%). The benefits of Internet and collaboration applications are faster development (55%) and customer satisfaction (50%).

4. CONCLUSION After a hesitant start in 2000-2001, Indian foundry industry has made rapid progress in exploring and adopting computer applications in the last three years. There is now a high penetration of low-cost applications such as Internet/E-mail and manufacturing planning, followed by a medium penetration of medium-cost applications including CAD/CAM, and low penetration of high end software such as simulation. The concerns of adequate technical support and trained manpower continue to be high, especially for recent or advanced applications. These need to be addressed by developing engineering courses (for students) and continuing education programmes (for practicing engineers) covering computer applications in manufacturing, including metal casting. We also found that the penetration of high end applications such as simulation and collaboration programs is much lower in smaller foundries when compared with medium and large foundries. In the short term, this problem can be overcome by setting up co-operative CAD/CAM centers near foundry clusters [4]. For the long term, we need to embark on indigenous development of low-cost software solutions suitable for SME foundries. For this purpose, collaborative ventures must be initiated by all stake-holders: foundries, OEMs, consultants and academia, without further delay.

REFERENCES 1. B. Ravi, Internet: Millenium Mantra for Metalcasters, 49th Indian Foundry Congress, Institute of Indian Foundrymen, New Delhi, February 2001. 2. B. Ravi, CAD/CAM Revolution for Small and Medium Foundries, 48th Indian Foundry Congress, Institute of Indian Foundrymen, Coimbatore, February 2000. 3. B. Ravi, "Computer-Aided Casting - Past, Present and Future," 47th Indian Foundry Congress, Institute of Indian Foundrymen, Calcutta, January 1999. 4. B. Ravi, Cooperative CAD/CAM Centers, Foundry, May-June 2001.

Appendix I: Survey Questionnaire

COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN INDIAN FOUNDRY INDUSTRY - 2004 Introduction: Information Technology (Computers+Communication) is changing the way companies conduct their business. Several computer applications for metal casting have appeared in the last decade, and many companies worldwide have embraced them with significant results. Objectives: This questionnaire will help us in identifying the vision, strengths and concerns of Indian manufacturing sector in terms of computer applications for casting. We request you to fill this up carefully and as correctly as possible, and return it to us. Results: The feedback will be analyzed to determine the best and average values of participating companies. Participants will be given a copy of these results. This will provide a direct benchmark for comparing your company against the average and the best values (company names will be withheld). Confidentiality: The information provided by you will be kept strictly confidential. Contact address: Prof. B. Ravi, Mechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Mumbai - 400 076 Phone: (022) 2576 7510 E-mail:bravi@me.iitb.ac.in

PART A: COMPANY AND CONTACT ADDRESS: Company Details: Company Name:. Address:..... City: Pin Code: Contact Person (Participant): Name:. Designation: Phone: Fax:. E-mail: State:.. Website:

PART B: COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (tick one or more appropriate choices)

Tick if implemented

Benefits experienced or perceived Customer satisfaction Faster development Lower rejection System Name

Concerns in implementation Trained manpower 10

Accounting ISO 9000 documents 3D modeling (CAD) CNC planning (CAM) Gating/feeding design Solidificn. simulation Mold filling simulation Rapid prototype tooling Materials planning Scheduling Cost estimation Microstructure analysis Defect analysis system Company website Drgs/quotes by e-mail Internal network (LAN) DFM/CE system

PART C: CASTING CAPABILITY (FOR FOUNDRIES): 1. Which is the most commonly used casting process in your foundry? Sand Mold Shell Mold Permanent Mold Die Casting Full Mold (EPC) Investment Casting Flask less Centrifugal Other_________

Technical support

Maintenance cost

Cost reduction

Computer Aided Applications

Higher yield

Initial cost

2. Specify the types of metal handled by your foundry. Gray Iron Malleable Iron Ductile Iron Stainless Steel Carbon Steel Other _________ Aluminium Magnesium Copper Zinc Tin Other _________ 3. What is the total installed capacity of the foundry. _______________ tons / year. 4. What percentage of capacity was utilized last year. __________%. 5. Castings exported: By weight: __________%. By value: __________%. 6. How many orders are of jobbing type (number of new projects/year)? __________. 7. Order sizes: Minimum_______ Typical __________ Maximum _________

8. What is the lead-time from customer inquiry to sample casting acceptance? Minimum_______ Typical___________ Maximum__________ 9. Casting size (kg)? Minimum________ Typical________ Max__________

10. What is the wall thickness of castings handled by your foundry (in mm)? Minimum_______ Typical________ Maximum________ 11. What is the maximum mold box size used in your foundry? __________ 12. What are the main applications of your castings: Automobile Agriculture/Mining Railways Pumps & Valves Machine Tools Motors & Generators Defense Other: ____________________ 13. Main customers (names): 1: _________________ 3: _________________ 2: _________________ 4: _________________

14. Number of employees? Permanent _________ Temporary _________ 15. Annual turnover of your foundry? ___________ (Rs lakhs) 16. What types of molding equipment are used in your foundry? Hand molding Squeeze Jolt Squeeze Impact High Pressure Hot Chamber Cold Chamber Other__________ 17. Indicate the most commonly used mold type. Horizontally Parted Vertically Parted 18. What types of core making processes are available in your foundry? No Bake Hot Box Cold Box Box Shell CO2 (Sodium Silicate) Others __________

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19. Sand preparation facility?

Manual

Mechanized

Sand Plant

20. What type of furnace is used to melt the metal? Cupola Induction Oil and gas fired Other __________ 21. Method of pouring the metal? Manual

Electric Arc

Controlled

Automatic

22. Does your foundry have in-house facility for: Pattern-making Heat treatment 23. Quality certification? ISO 9000

Machining Certified Supplier

QS 9000

24. What types of testing facilities are available in your foundry? Sand Lab Physical Lab Chemical Lab Radiography Ultrasonic Dye penetration Pressure testing Spectrometer Other___________ 25. Name any awards received: ________________________________________ 26. How process planning is done in your factory? Manually (Hand written) Based on WORD or EXCEL templates Using computer program for process planning 27. Process planning is used for the following purposes in your foundry: ISO documentation Cost estimation Scheduling Defect diagnosis Other____________________ 28. How do you assess the performance of your foundry? Capacity utilization (%) Total rejections (%) Sample delivery time Cost per product or per kg Average yield On-time delivery Inquiries/fulfillment ratio Other____________________ 29. Percentage of major defects in your foundry: Dimensional (_____) Surface (_____) Internal (_____) Shape (_____) Other____________________ 30. Percentage of defects that can be prevented by minor changes to product design. Up to 25% 25-50% Over 50% 31. At which stage do you have more defects (indicate approximate percentage in brackets)? Shake out (_____) Fettling (_____) Inspection (_____) Machining (_____) During use (_____) 32. How does your company manage the past experience/knowledge gained over the years? Hire retired employees as consultants Systematic documentation Other________________________________________________ 12

Appendix II: Organisations represented by survey participants Foundries and Tool-makers

Year 2004 1. Anant Enterprises, Pune 2. Atlas Automotive Pvt. Ltd, Pune 3. Bhillai Engineering Corporation Ltd., Bhillai 4. Controllorate of Quality Assurance, Chennai 5. Crompton Greaves Ltd., Mumbai 6. Kirloskar Brothers Ltd., Dewas 7. Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd., Pune 8. Laxmi Oil Pumps & Systems Pvt. Ltd., Solapur 9. Mahalaxmi Auto Industries, Jamshedpur 10. Mahindra & Mahindra (Auto.) Ltd., Mumbai 11. Mutha Founders Pvt. Ltd., Satara 12. Pooja Engineers, Ahmedabad 13. Prevail Casting Pvt. Ltd., Rajkot 14. Shanthala Spherocast Pvt. Ltd., Shimoga 15. Shreeram Engineers, Mumbai 16. Swastik Casting Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur 17. Synergies Dooray Automotive Ltd., Vizag. Year 2003 1. India Pistons Ltd., Chennai 2. Kirloskar Brothers Ltd., Sangli 3. Marshall Castings Ltd., Faridabad 4. Pee Cee Castings Pvt. Ltd., Faridabad 5. Porwal Auto Components Ltd., Pithampur 6. Praga Die Casting & Metal Ind., Mumbai 7. Raneka Industries Ltd., Indore 8. Rapsri Engg. Ind. Ltd., Bangalore 9. Sahayog Founders & Engineers, Pune 10. Sansu Automotives Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore 11. Sri Bhavani Castings Ltd., Kakinada 12. Swastik Metal Castings, Alwar Year 2002 1. Chougule Industry, Kolhapur 2. Dr. Dinesh & Ramesh Engineers Pvt. Ltd, Ahmedabad 3. DRDL, Hyderabad 4. Entek Corporation, Mumbai 5. Ghatge Patil Industries, Kolhapur 6. HAL, Foundry and Forge Division, Bangalore 7. Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd., Solapur 8. Magna Electro Castings Ltd., Coimbatore 9. Mahle Migma Ltd., Indore 10. New United Metal & Engg. Work, Mumbai 11. Pranjape Autocast Pvt. Ltd., Satara 12. RBD Engineers, Gandhinagar 13. Satish Pattern work, Mumbai 14. Shakti Auto Component Ltd., Erode 15. Sundaram Clayton Ltd., Chennai Year 2001 1. Ambica Enterprise, Vadodara 2. Anurang Engineering Co. Pvt. Ltd., Pune 3. Business Combine Ltd., Nasik 4. Bajaj Electricals Ltd., Aurangabad 5. Birla Perucchini Ltd., Aurangabad 6. Fluid controls, Baroda 7. Ichalkaranji Mettalloy, Ichalkaranji 8. Indo German Tool Room, Aurangabad 9. ISGEC, Yamunanagar 10. Jay Metal Tech., Surat 11. Laxmi Pattern Works, V.V. Nagar 12. Mutha Founders Pvt. Ltd, Satara 13. Nodule cast, Vadodara 14. Prakash Foundries, Vadodara 15. Rajdeep Engineers, Baroda 16. Sanjay Founders Pvt. Ltd., Ichalkaranji 17. Shakti Foundry, Baroda 18. Simplex Casting Ltd., Raipur 19. Southern Auto Casting Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Year 2000 1. Aquasub Engineering, Coimbatore 2. Autokast Ltd, Alappuzha 3. Autoshell Casts Pvt. Ltd., Coimbatore 4. DMRL, Hyderabad 5. Escorts Mahle Ltd., Bangalore 6. FIE Spherotech, Ichalkaranji 7. Flow link Systems Pvt. Ltd., Coimbatore 8. Gas Turbine Research Estt., Bangalore 9. HAL Foundry & Forge Div., Bangalore 10. Laxmi Automatic Loam Work Pvt. Ltd., Hosur 11. Laxmi Machine Works Ltd., Coimbatore 12. Sage Electrical, Pune 13. Simplex Casting Ltd, Bhillai 14. Texmo Precision Castings, Coimbatore

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Original Equipment Manufacturers

Year 2004 1. Bharat Electronics Ltd., Panchkula 2. Crompton Greaves Ltd., Mumbai 3. Eicher Motors Ltd., Pithampur 4. Kirloskar Oil Engines Ltd., Pune 5. Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. (FES), Mumbai 6. Tata Cummins Ltd., Jamshedpur 7. Tata Holset Ltd., Pune Year 2003 1. GE BE Private Ltd., Bangalore 2. GE Medical Systems (India), Bangalore 3. Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. (Tractor), Mumbai 4. Uni Klinger Ltd., Ahmednagar Year 2002 1. Aqua Machineries, Pvt Ltd., Ahmedabad 2. General Motors India, Halol 3. Virgo Engineers Ltd., Pune

Consultants, Researchers and Teachers

Year 2004 1. AFTC, Bangalore 2. Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 3. NIFFT, Ranchi 4. Silicon Meadows Pvt Ltd., Pune 5. Tata Technologies Ltd., Pune 6. YMCA Institute of Engineering, Faridabad Year 2003 1. E-Mug Technologies Pvt.Ltd., Hyderabad 2. Institute of Indian Foundrymen, Hyderabad Year 2002 1. Onward Technologies Ltd., Pune 2. Satyam Computer Services Ltd., Secunderabad 3. Tata Technologies Ltd., Pune Year 2001 1. Foundry Magazine, Ahemdabad Year 2000 1. Small Industries Service Inst., Coimbatore

_____________________________

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