SC

SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC A.E.

OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

DATE PAGE

24/2/99 1

OPERATING

AND

MAINTENANCE

MANUAL

Written by Signature

C. Pitsilis

Approved by Signature

D. Paparigas

SC
SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC A.E.

OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

DATE PAGE

24/2/99 2

CONTENTS

1. ERECTION AND INSTALLATION

PAGE. 3

2 THERMOMETER, PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICE AND INTEGRATED SAFETY DETECTOR PAGE 6 3. COMMISSIONING 4. MAINTENANCE 5. INSPECTION AND CHECKS TRANSFORMER PAGE 7 PAGE 8 PAGE 8

Written by Signature

C. Pitsilis

Approved by Signature

D. Paparigas

SC
SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC A.E.

OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

DATE PAGE

24/2/99 3

1. ERECTION AND INSTALLATION

Before the arrival of the transformer on site, the necessary documents, general arrangement drawings and erection instruction will have been collected and studied in detail. The exact position must be checked as well as the position of accessories and cable panels. The transformer may be despatched completely erected and full of oil. On arrival and before being unloaded, a close examination is made of the equipent to reveal any possible damage resulting from the move. The tranformer is usually transferred directly to its site where the erection and commissioning are carried out. Normally a concrete oil sump is provided under the transformer compartment having a volume that would cover the oil volume of the T/F. This sump must have embedded two iron chanels for the mounting of the transformer. Under these chanels must be a gridiron covered with chipped stones to prevent flames enter the transformer compartment in case of fire. A. If the site of transformer is outdoor a link fence at least 2,4 m high shall be provided around the transformer as minimum distances from the nearest obstruction and shall be increased as necessary to meet manufacturers recommendations.

B.

From transformer to building wall : 750 mm Between tranformers From transformer to fence : 900 mm : 900 mm

If the site of transformer is indoor, the exact position will depend on the dimensions and the ventilation of transformers cabin. =4 =1 = 1.5 = 3

Air resistance for openings must be less Wmin If the openings has : a) lattice work Wb b) mesh work Wm c) adjustable louvre

Written by Signature

C. Pitsilis

Approved by Signature

D. Paparigas

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SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC A.E.

OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

DATE PAGE

24/2/99 4

For example, the total air resistance for a T/F cabin with two openings (meshworks)will be: W=W min +2W m =4+2X1.5=7 The surface of opening F1 must be:

F1 = 4.25V

10 4 W Ht 3

F1 H W V t

=Surface of opening (M2) =Height of opening (M) =Air Resistance (number) =Total losses (kw) = Temperature rise of cabin

The opening F2 must be 10-15% of surface of F1 opening. (Drawing 1)

Written by Signature

C. Pitsilis

Approved by Signature

D. Paparigas

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SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC A.E.

OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

DATE PAGE

24/2/99 5

DRAWING 1

The unloading and transport of the T/F should be so carried out that the T/F does not deviate by more than 15 from the vertical. When installed, however, no deviation is allowed, otherwise the reading of the oil level indicator would be erroneous. If your T/F is equipped with a Buchholz relay, please follow attached instructions.

Written by Signature

C. Pitsilis

Approved by Signature

D. Paparigas

SC
SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC A.E.

OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

DATE PAGE

24/2/99 6

2. THERMOMETER AND PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICE CONNECTION INSTRUCTION THERMOMETER

The thermometer is fitted with four internal contacts. The two contacts are connected to the alarm relay and the other two the trip-off relay. According to I.E.C 76 (that we follow)the max temperature value that oil can reaches(during operation) is 100 C and the corresponding value for winding is 105 C. For provisory only reasons we reccomend that the lower movable pointer be adjusted to 85C, so that when the oil temperature reaches 85C. the alarm will sound. We also recommend that the higher removable pointer be set at 100C so that when the oil temperature reaches at 100C the circuit will close and the circuit braker will automatically trip-off.

PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICE

The unloading relief valve is employed as a safety element in main transformers. In event of an explosion-like pressure increase in the T/F tank, the excess pressure must be removed immediately in order to avoid damage to the tank. The suggesting adjustment will be at 0.35 atm (350mbar) As soon as relief pressure is reashed, the valve cap is lifted off and the excess pressure is lelieved.

INTERGRATED SAFETY DETECTOR

( IF ANY )

The above device houses a serie of instrument and keep under constant control the following operation conditions of the transformer: -Pressure switch closes/ opens a circuit on pressure ranging (we propose 0.35 atm) Thermometer, visual representation of oil temperature and max temperature reached and two thermostat switches for alarm (to be adjusted at 90 C) and stop (to be adjusted at 100C). Oil level, visual indicator of slight oil level variation

THERMOMETER TEST
Thermometer should be tested as follow: Check the accuracy with a previously calibrated thermometer. Put the thermometer probe into a sand bath or oil at 20C and calibrate the indication pointer by means of its adjustment screw.

Written by Signature

C. Pitsilis

Approved by Signature

D. Paparigas

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SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC A.E.

OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

DATE PAGE

24/2/99 7

3. COMMISSIONING

A complete set of check and tests must be carried out as follows: VISUAL INSPECTION - Check whether the T/F is clean especially around the insulators (dust and humidity can caused flashover) - Check whether any oil is leaking - Check whether the paint has been scratched and any rust is beginning to form - Check the oil level indicator - Check the Buchholz relay (if any) When these tests have been completed the T/F can be switched on.

CHECKING OF OIL

Check of oil must be carried out ever 3 years. The condition of the oil is an essential indicator of the T/F itself. Especially significant is the oils dielectric resistance, i.e. the amount of insulation provided. You can verify this on the basis of sample taken by unscrewing the small plug and opening slightly the T/F drain valve (drawing 2) The sample must amount to at least one litre. The cans , bottles funnels may be used for the final sample must be hermetically sealed.

11

Drawing 2.

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C. Pitsilis

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SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC A.E.

OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

DATE PAGE

24/2/99 8

4. MAINTENANCE
The security of supply from a T/F depends not only on the care which a manufacturer has designed and constructed it, but also on the steps taken by the user to carry out regular checks on its working condition. The object of maintenance is to ensure correct operation of the T/F permanently over, its design (2025 years) or ever longer if this is justified economically and technically. Maintenance can avoid or reduce damage. The diversity and scope of maintenance operation vary with the type of T/F , its relative importance in the supply system. Each user develops his own routines , appropriate to his needs. A certain number of general guidelines can be given, but the ways in which they are applied are subject to wide variation. Many external factors can be responsible for changes in a T/F over a period of time and may reduce the security of supply. The most important are the action of air, oxygen, humidity, oxidation of the oil increases with temperature causing an increase in the dielectric power factor (tan ).

5. INSPECTION AND CHECKS OF TRANSFORMER

Depending on the T/F power and its load duty, inspection periods can be every month in order to verify that nothing abnormal has arisen with regards to leakage, of oil level and temperature of insulating oil, possibility of corrosion due to industrial atmospheres or marine atmospheres e.t.c. A new coat of paint must be provided if it is necessary. A certain number of maintenance operations are carried out periodically during the year, taking advantage of interruptions to service. Frequency is determined in each case by experiance as a function of the operating conditions and the climate. The breather (if any) must be inspected. The silica gel must be replaced as soon as third of its volume has changed colour (pink). The generation is carried out in an oven maintained at 100 C for several hours , until the initial colour usually blue has been restored. A check of the oil of the T/F may need to the followed by a tightening check of the joint avoiding possible leakage problems.

Written by Signature

C. Pitsilis

Approved by Signature

D. Paparigas

SC
SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC A.E.

OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL

DATE PAGE

24/2/99 9

The insulation must be cleaned. The tightness of the connection to the terminal must be checked to avoid any abnormal heating. A check on the functioning of the Buchholtz (if any) can be carried out. The alarm and trip contacts must operate successfully. A new coat of paint may be thought necessary, depending on the enviroment painting should in any case be carried out after ten years.

ATTENTION : Before maintenance, the T/F must be out of operation and also be earthed in order
to avoid the remaining cepacity loads.

Written by Signature

C. Pitsilis

Approved by Signature

D. Paparigas