Technical Bulletin Plurafac CS-1 Surfactant

Plurafac CS-1 surfactant is a multifunctional polycarboxylated anionic surfactant which is both low foaming and alkaline-soluble. Polycarboxylates impart an anionic characteristic to the molecule, increase water and caustic solubility, emulsify oils and sequester hardness ions. Sequestration is an ability rarely found among surfactants. Plurafac CS-1 surfactant is stable at high temperatures and has good compatibility in the presence of high electrolyte or high alkaline concentrations. It is soluble in 50% KOH and 35%NaOH.

Helping Make Products Better

Plurafac CS-1 surfactant is supplied as a 50% aqueous solution ready for immediate use. Typical physical properties are given in Table 1 and surfactant properties are in Table 2. Applications Plurafac CS-1 surfactant is a multifunctional anionic surfactant with potential that far exceeds that of ordinary anionics. Plurafac CS-1 is a surfactant which: is low foaming emulsifies oil sequesters calcium and magnesium ions is soluble in higher levels of KOH and NaOH tolerates silicates and phosphates These and other properties suggest that Plurafac CS-1 surfactant could be advantageously used in bottle washing and metal cleaning, scale removers and boilers cleaners, tub or tile cleaners and barnacle and bilge cleaners. Plurafac CS1 surfactant was developed specifically to deal with difficult soils. If your formulation has trouble handling calcium or silicate soil, Plurafac CS-1 surfactant should be considered.

Table 1 Typical Physical Properties Active Ingredient (%) pH, 50% aqueous solution Specific Gravity @ 25/25C

50 9.7 1.18

Table 2 Surface Active Properties Unit Surface Tension @25C, concentration wt% 0.01 0.10 0.50 Interfacial Tension @ 25C, concentration wt% 0.01 0.10 0.50 Draves Test Wetting Time, 3g hook, 5g cotton skein 0.01 0.10 0.50 Ross Miles Foam Height @25C, initial/after 5 minutes concentration wt % 0.01 0.10 0.50 dynes/cm 36.3 30.6 29.2 dynes/cm 13.0 7.3 4.0 sec 180.0 180.0 24.2 mm 32/9 35/9 52/6 6/1 15/3 20/4 180.0 180.0 19.2 7.0 1.8 1.8 32.2 28.0 28.3 In Water In 5% NaOH

Performance Chemicals

Table 3 Surface Formulations with Plurafac CS-1 Surfactant #1 (%) 5 5 10 1 Balance System #2 (%) 10 10 1 Balance #3 (%) 10 10 1 Balance

Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) Sodium metalsilicate Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (TKPP) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) Plurafac CS-1 Water Formulating with Plurafac CS-1 surfactant To assist in formulating and predicting solubility, three build systems are presented (Table 3). These systems were tested using 1.0% Plurafac CS-1 surfactant; all have cloud points>100C (i.e., solutions are clear below this temperature). The components are given in order of addition. Each component should be thoroughly mixed with the preceding one, and the surfactant added last to insure clear, stable formulations. Sequestering Ability The most common hardness ion found in water is calcium. To sequester calcium, condensed phosphates, such as STPP or TKPP, are often added to cleaning formulations. In areas where phosphates are banned, sodium citrates or zeolites are substituted. However, these builders are often difficult to formulate into liquid products. Plurafac CS-1 surfactant demonstrates sequestering properties that under some conditions are comparable to sodium citrate or sodium tripolyphosphate. The sequestering ability for each varies with pH. Plurafac CS-1 surfactant and sodium citrate show increased sequestering with higher pH, while the sequestering ability of STPP decreased as pH increases (Table 4). The sequestering ability of Plurafac CS-1 surfactant appears to be rare among surfactants. From a series of surfactants evaluated, only Plurafac CS-1 surfactant shows the ability to sequester. Shelf Life: BASF will endorse the results on the certificate of analysis for a period of up to one year from the date of manufacture for material in original, unopened, properly stored containers. Beyond one year, we recommend the quality of the material be confirmed prior to use, by retesting the certificate of analysis parameters.

Table 4 Effect of Increased pH on Sequester of Calcium* ml of 6% NaOH Added

0 1 2 5

Plurafac CS-1 surfactant pH 9.5 +2 Ca (mg/gm) 19.0 Sodium citrate pH Ca+2 (mg/gm) STPP pH Ca
+2

12.3 55.4 12.3 37.4 12.4 96.4

12.5 73.3 12.7 50.1 12.6 38.5

12.9 80.2 12.9 92.7 12.9 40.5

7.9 39.3 8.5 94.1

(mg/gm)

*Procedure (modified Hampshire method): 1 ml of 2% sodium oxalate is added to 10 ml of a 1% aqueous solution of sequestering agent. Solution is titrated with a calcium acetate solution. End point is determined by a change in turbidity.

Table 5

Specifications Water, wt.% Color, Gardner pH, 5% Aqueous Appearance, 35C

4753 12 max. 9.010.3

Clear, Substantially free of suspended matter

Performance Chemicals

Plurafac is a registered trademark of BASF Corporation

For More Information: Order Placement To place orders for delivery in the United States please call our toll free number (800) 443-6460. To place orders for delivery in Canada please call BASF Canada at (800) 267-2955. For Other Information Including product literature and Material Safety Data Sheets please call (734) 324-6101. Or Visit Our Website At: www.performance.basf-corp.com Important: While the information and data contained in this bulletin are presented in good faith and believed to be reliable, they do not constitute a part of our terms and conditions of sales unless specifically incorporated in our Order Acknowledgment. NOTHING HEREIN SHALL BE DEEMED TO CONSTITUTE A WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, THAT SAID INFORMATION OR DATA ARE CORRECT OR THAT THE PRODUCTS DESCRIBED ARE MERCHANTABLE OR FIT FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR THAT SAID INFORMATION, DATA OR PRODUCTS CAN BE USED WITHOUT INFRINGING PATENTS OF THIRD PARTIES. 2004 BASF Corporation. All rights reserved. BASF Corporation 100 Campus Drive Florham Park, New Jersey 07932 800-443-6460