Assignment 1 - Page 1

ASSIGNMENT 1 - THERMODYNAMICS AND FLUID MECHANICS

DIDACTIC UNITS 1, 2, 3 AND 4. INTRODUCTION, FIRST AND SECOND LAWS OF
THERMODYNAMICS, POWER CYCLES

INSTRUCTIONS

The aim oI this assignment is to solve the enclosed problem. This assignment may take 60 minutes
long. This assignment is not required to pass the course. Only Iinal results oI each section, and not their
detailed solution, will be taken into account Ior the evaluation oI this assignment. In case you encounter
any problem when solving this assignment, you can attend tutorials. The Iollowing instructions are
compulsory:

1. This assignment assesses knowledge on didactic units 1, 2, 3 and 4.
2. This assignment must be perIormed individually.
3. Every student must submit a MicrosoIt Excel file, containing the results oI each section in its
corresponding cells. Solution and submission oI this assignment must be perIormed according to
the template
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you will Iind enclosed to this assignment in PoliIormaT.
4. The Iile must be named as Iollows: LastName1LastName2Name.xls and then it must be uploaded
like an attachment to the corresponding assignment in PoliIormaT. Assignments submitted
according to diIIerent instructions as those explained above will not be accepted.
5. Retake
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date: Friday 11
th
October at 11:55 h.
6. A student who has submitted his/her work beIore the retake date may, iI desired, submit a
reviewed assignment. In this case, the corrected Iile must be deleted Irom his/her assignment
Iolder and the new file must be uploaded. This new Iile must be named as Iollows:
LastName1LastName2NameREJ.xls
7. Deadline: Wednesday 16
th
October at 11:55 h.
Problems will be personalized using the last 6 numbers oI the student DNI/NIE. For instance, a student
whose DNI/NIE is 18.123.456:
Number #A #B #C #D #E #F
Last 6 numbers oI the DNI/NIE: 1 2 3 4 5 6

II the problem states:

It is intended to assess whether it is possible to improve a heat engine in order to use it in a race
car. Air enters the engine with a pressure oI 1.5+0.2#A bar and a temperature equal to 300+10#B K.


This student must solve the problem with the Iollowing data:

It is intended to assess whether it is possible to improve a heat engine in order to use it in a race
car. Air enters the engine with a pressure oI 1.7 bar and a temperature equal to 320 K.


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1hls LemplaLe can be opened, noL only wlLh MlcrosofL Lxcel, buL also wlLh recenL CpenCfflce and LlbreCfflce verslons.
1hese sofLwares also allow a documenL Lo be properly saved as an xls flle.
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AsslgnmenLs submlLLed before Lhls daLe wlll be assessed as soon as posslble and senL back Lo sLudenLs for Lhelr revlew.
Assignment 1 - Page 2

PROBLEM 1 (10 POINTS)
An Atkinson air cycle (R287 J/kg.K, 1.4) consists oI an isentropic compression, a constant-volume
heat addition, an isentropic expansion and a constant-pressure heat rejection.
For a given Atkinson cycle, the Iollowing data are known:
At the beginning oI the compression process, pressure is p10.9+0.05#A bar and T1293+2#B K
The volumetric compression ratio is v1/v29+0.2#C
The constant-volume heat addition is q231400+10#D kJ/kg
1. Plot the corresponding p-v diagram oI this heat machine (although this section will be NOT assessed,
it is convenient to solve it).
2. Determine pressure, speciIic volume and temperature at every state oI this thermodynamic cycle.
(2 points)
3. Determine changes in internal energy undergone by the system during all the processes, as well as
heat and work that are exchanged in these processes, and in the whole cycle. (2 points)
4. Plot the corresponding T-s diagram oI this heat machine (although this section is NOT assessed, it is
convenient to solve it).
5. Determine changes in entropy Ior every process. (1 point)
6. Determine the change in entropy oI the thermodynamic universe (Ior the whole cycle) iI the
temperature oI the hot reservoir equals the cycle maximum temperature and that oI the cold reservoir
equals the cycle minimum temperature. (1 point)
This Atkinson cycle is now compared with an Otto cycle. It can be considered that air conditions at the
beginning oI the compression process are the same, as well as the compression ratio and heat addition.
7. Plot in the same T-s diagram than the Atkinson cycle, the Otto cycle and a Carnot cycle that operates
between the same maximum and minimum temperatures (although this section is NOT assessed, it is
convenient to solve it).
8. For the Otto cycle, determine pressure, speciIic volume and temperature at every state oI this
thermodynamic cycle (note that compared to the previous Atkinson cycle, only one state oI the cycle
is changed). (0.5 point)
9. For the Otto cycle, determine changes in internal energy undergone by the system during all the
processes, as well as heat and work that are exchanged in these processes, and in the whole cycle
(note that compared to the previous Atkinson cycle, only two processes oI the cycle are changed).
(1 point)
10. For the Otto cycle, determine the change in entropy oI the thermodynamic universe (Ior the whole
cycle) iI the temperature oI the hot reservoir equals the cycle maximum temperature and that oI the
cold reservoir equals the cycle minimum temperature. (1 point)
11. Determine the thermal eIIiciency oI these three cycles (Atkinson, Otto and Carnot). (1.5 points)