RESEARCH NEWS TECHOLOGY SPACE ROBOTICS

ScienceBLAST
University of Lorraine Science Magazine
May 2012

THE FLYING ROBOT

MEET

QUADROTOR

ELECTRIC CARS SPACE SHUTTLE DISASTERS:

BIONIC ARMS
and much more...

50 years of adventures

INTELLIGENTSIA COFFEE

The best way to start your engineering day...

Image Source: http://www.dearcoffeeiloveyou.com

Magazine editors:
Marija Bekcheva Ndye Aissatou Diop Aliou Ndour Parfait Nzogho

Exclusive:
7 Tips On How To Survive Your Final Exams 3

Cover Image:
Image of quadrotor. Story on page 4 Source: http://blog.makezine.com

Features
The Quadrotor is Ready To Be The Next 4 Music Star!
Marija Bekcheva describes the design and potential of the flying robot Quadrotor

LIKE IT OR NOT: Electric Cars Are Coming

In a technical article, Aliou Ndour represents us the electric car

Science BLAST is 2012 University 10 Things you dont know about of Lorraine Engineering Team

the space

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No material in this magazine can be reproduced partly or wholly without obtaining permission of the editors.

Space Shuttle Disasters

A historical reminder of the 50 years of space adventures - Ndye Aissatou Diop

Bionic Arms

The use of Bionics...Enough said- Parfait Nzogho

16

Bazinga Time: The Big Bang Theory Movie Previews

Season 4 Episode 07-The Apology Insufficiencys Preview Memorable movies presenting our future
Contact us: science.blast@univ-lorraine.fr
May 2012 Science BLAST 1

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HTC ONE X

Feel the change !

Your final exams probably weigh 60% or 70% of your final grades. The summer is SO closeput some effort into your work!

Make a study chart. Break your time into hours and subjects. Dont try to spend all day studying one thing. Study what is IMPORTANT. Pick out the key points and focus on them. Your mind needs time to rest and refresh! You'll feel so much better and will be able to concentrate so much more after a sleep. Procrastination. Long phone calls. Roommate problems. Stressful people. Social events. Facebook. On study breaks, do whatever it is that you enjoy doing: listen to music, exercise, walk your dog or even watch some TV. Try to solve the problem on your own first then look at the answer. Find new exercises to test your knowledge. Eat a good breakfast. Make sure you get to the exam on time and be CONFIDENT!

Plan, plan, plan. Prioritize.

Sleep is essential. Things to avoid:

Take a study break. Practice, practice.

On the day of the exam

GOOD LUCK!
May 2012 Science BLAST 3

Research news

The Quadrotor is ready

4 Science BLAST May 2012

The James Bond soundtrack is played by nine robots. Keyboard, maracas, drums, cymbals and an adapted guitar How can the robot Quadrotor play all these instruments? Marija Bekcheva, a student at the University of Lorraine, finds out.

to be the next music star!

May 2012 Science BLAST 5

Image Source: http://www.zeitnews.org

musician, a pilot, a chef, a GPS navigator, a soldier These are just some of the future careers for Quadrotor, a flying robot designed by two students at the University of Engineering and Applied Science in Colorado, Michael Reeves and Tom Stewart. When Michael Reeves first suggested a Quadrotor two years ago, many professors were doubtful that the project would succeed. Only his friend John Stewart and his supervisor Rod Lennon supported his idea and the three of them decided to form a team. We all know things dont work out all the time but we must understand the need to never accept the status quo. says Rod Lennon, the Dean for Education in the School of Engineering. The flying robot has four rotors. Thats why it is called Quadrotor. If you rotate the rotors at the same speed, the robot floats. When you increase the speed of the rotors, the robot accelerates. The up/down motion is produced by increasing/decreasing the total thrust while maintaining an equal individual thrust. The forward/backward, left/right and the yaw motions are produced through a differential control method of the thrust generated by each rotor. With a weight of only a tenth of a pound, a diameter of eight inches and a consumption of 20 watts of power, the Quadrotor is capable of flying indoors without a GPS device.

Mathematical modeling is just one approach to understanding how the Quadrotor moves
To create a robot with an autonomy that should get from point A to point B with complicated dynamics was a really big challenge for the team. First, they designed a robot in a 12-dimensional space. Then they succeeded in transforming the 12-dimensional space into a 4-dimensional space. The 4-dimensional space consists of X, Y, Z and the yaw angle. With this genial mathematical trick, the Quadrotor can execute any curve trajectory. Its capable of calculating its position and figuring out how to go through the obstacles. The most amazing thing the robot can do is it senses its neighbors. So if you have ten Quadrotors in the same room, they base their actions on local information, what they sense from their neighbors. Also they can fly in formation. They can be planar formations and threedimensional formations. But when a lot of Quadrotors are carrying the same thing, the inertia increases. One of the disadvantages of doing this is that they are not agile when there is a high inertia. The Quadrotor is an amazing robot, says John Stewart. But sometimes it can make silly mistakes. Were not done yet. We have not even started to scratch the surface. We insist on creating a Quadrotor that will know who its neighbor is. Over the last few months, researchers at the University of Engineering and Applied Science in Colorado have been working on many different applications. The applications or the software programs were designed to create specific behaviors for the robots. Edward Palmer, who is a graduate student, wrote an algorithm which tells the robot what object to pick up, when and where to place it. This robot is equipped with a camera and a laser H finder, laser scanner. So it uses these sensors to

6 Science BLAST May 2012

Image Source: www.wikipedia.com

build a map of the environment instead of a GPS device. With Edwards algorithm, the robot can figure out where to go on its own. So if there is a house and we dont know what the house looks like inside, we can ask the Quadrotor to go in, create a map and then come back and tell us what the house looks like. Robots like this can be sent to collapsed houses to assess the damage of disasters or sent to map nuclear radiation levels after a nuclear meltdown. Furthermore, the robots with different functions and software programs will need to be able to download information on how to complete a task that is relevant to them. To solve this problem, the team is using a packet of programming code called a RoboTool . Three weeks ago, the team represented the newest application which is focused on entertainment. They made an application which gives Quadrotor the ability to play different kinds of instruments. Thanks to Michael Reeves now everyone can see the YouTube video of nine Quadrotors that work together to play the James Bond 007 soundtrack. In less than two weeks, this entertaining video of Quadrotors has netted over 10 million views on YouTube. On this video, the nine Quadrotors are completely autonomous, meaning humans are not controlling them. The robots perform the soundtrack by playing various instruments including a keyboard, maracas, drums, cymbals, a regular guitar and an adapted guitar built from a couch frame. They play the guitar by flying over the guitar strings stretched to the coach

This is engineering music band!

frame. A special microphone which is attached to the couch frame records the sounds made by the adapted guitar. In this experiment, the place is in a room fitted with infrared lights and cameras. The nine Quadrotors have reflectors on their struts, which allows the camera to plot their exact position and relay that information wirelessly to each point. One thing I love about this music software is that it focuses the discussion away from robots being metal people. says Lennon. After all, there is no doubt that the engineering revolution has a major influence on our lives. We cant imagine a day without using our computers, phones and iPods. Every day engineers create more and more humanlike robots. Is it normal for humans to have a robot-idol? How far can technology really go? Whether or not the trend will catch on is yet to be seen, but according to robotics engineers, it may not be long before we see these Quadrotors as a common occurrence.

Google FOUNDATION

Master Internship Awards in Studying Robotics

$ 100.000 over 2 years

Deadline: September 19, 2012

May 2012 Science BLAST 7

Image source: http://www.gizmag.com

Technology

LIKE IT OR NOT: Electric cars are coming

The electric cars are part of a green future. Are they a good or bad idea? Aliou Ndour reports
The difference between an electric car and a petrol car is accentuated particularly in engines. The electric car is n electric car is a car equip- equipped with electric motors ped with one or more electric while the car has gasoline motors. It appeared very early in engines consists of a fuel. the history of the automobile, the first dates from the 1830s. The electric motor The combustion engine These engines are also called "heat engines" because they convert an explosion releasing large amounts of heat into mechanical energy. Indeed, the energy released by the explosion of a mixture of fuel and air in the room starts to move the pistons of the engine, which transmit their energy to the rod. This drives the crankshaft and converts the reciprocating linear motion in a continuous circular motion. The residue from the explosion of the mixture are then discharged through the exhaust pipes.

The electric motor is mainly composed of a stator and a rotor. The stator surrounds the rotor, and generates a magnetic field passing through it. This field can be generated by induction or by permanent magnets. Until the late 19th century, most The rotor consists of coils cars were electric. Besides whose wire is covered with an being environmentally friendly, insulating layer, and connectors. they are more efficient and It is secured to the central axis quieter. It was not until the early of the engine. 20th century that the gasoline car experienced a great success. Electric cars of that time had little autonomy and the batteries did not allow the engine to deliver as much power as an internal combustion engine.

Electric cars aren't pollution-free; they have to get their energy from somewhere.

View of a simple electric motor

8 Science BLAST May 2012

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Combustion engine

The electric car is advanced by all players in the automotive field as the solution of the transportation cleaner and environmentally friendly. It could indeed be an alternative to this alarming pollution, especially as the road transport sector emits into the atmosphere, more pollutants than the field of industry. Most environmentalists swear by cycling and tram, arguing that it is impossible to get cars that will not have repercussions on the environment. But among the sector's future prospects, we can note the presence of the hybrid engine and the engine running on natural fuel.

The electric car is still at the experimental stage and it is subject to change or improvement. The cars passing this type of consumption have advantages and disadvantages. The greatest strength of this category of green cars is based on the nature of its electric motor. Indeed, electricity is an integral part of daily life of every individual. Therefore, the operation of such vehicles should not encounter major problems in that the latter can be assimilatedto other electrical equipment that requires a source to operate. These power sources are also ubiquitous either at the home, office or other.

In the case of these cars, these sources will be used to charge the battery that manages the energy deliveredto the engine. The electrical nature also creates several advantages, starting with a release of pollutants almost non-existent, in the sense that this type of car does not emit more gas and no longer requires the use of polluting products such as engine oil or the cooling liquid. One feature that greatly eases the interviews required by a car such as discharge or monthly test of exhaust emission. The electric motor also remedies the noise since it makes virtually no noise.

May 2012 Science BLAST 9

Finally, this type of motor with a ride quality described as mild as it is in principle a single speed, so do not use a transmission, which gives the vehicle a continuous and gradual acceleration. The electric car is well suited to urban conditions since it does not consume energy or in the braking or in traffic, selfload on descents and in some cases do not require permits lead. In some countries, users will see electric cars have anadvantage over other drivers because they have access to certain routes and parking is free and also subject to less tax,at least for now.

As for disadvantages, Ithey are just as numerous and range from conditions of production of electric power to the various costs of the car. An electric car is really green if the electrical energy it consumes is produced from solar, wind and water or, in extreme cases, nuclear. It does not make long trips because of its low speed and limited autonomy. Despite the use of lithium in the manufacture of the battery, the majority of these vehicles use a lead acid battery, which turns out to be a very harmful to the environment.

A major weakness of electric vehicles is the high cost of these elements, mainly the battery and the battery, which in addition to being required to be replaced every two or three years, represent more than half the price of the self. The integration of electric cars assume. Finally, the implementation of several infrastructures if we cite only charging stations since everyone does not already have a garage where they can simultaneously recharge the car park and although we can guess that this will surely be bound to evolve.

Answer simple question and win prizes!

HURRY UP!!!
Send a text message to 5555 4444 with the correct answer .

The song Computer love is performed by: a) Placebo b) Kraftwerk c) Kings of Leon

Space

o d u o y s g n i h t 0 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

e c a p s e h t t u o b a w o n k nt

It rains almost continuously on Venus, but the rain never touches the ground: it evaporates before! The moon is as black as coal; it reflects only 6% of the sunlight that reaches it. In about five billion years the Sun will swell into a red giant, "swallowing" the same time the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. The heart of the Earth is hotter than the sun's surface.

Canadian astronomers have dis-covered a neutron star that broke all speed records. This neutron star with a diameter of 30 km rounds itself 716 times in just a second! Each year, 100,000 tons of meteorites fall to the earth. Venus takes longer to turn on itself than to revolve around the sun.
Source: http:www.astropolis.fr

The Moon was born 4 billion years ago. It is a result of a collision between the Earth and the asteroid of the size of Mars. From this collision, a ring similar to those of Saturn was born.

9 10

Neptune has more than 10 moons. If two pieces of metal touch in space, they stuck together.

May 2012 Science BLAST 11

Space

Space Shuttle disasters: 50 years of adventures

Manned spaceflight was an actual revolution led by Yuri Gagarin. To be human is to engage in danger. Of all the species on Earth, only humans explore, and the astronauts are our modern-day explorers. Ndye Aissatou Diop, student at Lorraine University invites you to travel into 50 years of sacrifice and astronauts' heroism...

12 Science BLAST May 2012

raveling in space has always been a dream for humans. It was the way for us to spread our knowledge beyond our planet's border. Thats why at the beginning of the 20th century Constantin Tsiolkovsky, a Russian scientist, tried to imagine an engine capable of travelling in the space. After the Second World War, only USA and USSR were able to finance research on rockets. Their purposes were identical: create ballistic missiles capable of transporting new nuclear bomb from a continent to another one. The main goal of these researches at the time of the war was to use rockets in spite of sending men in the space. A space race began with the Cold War. But when Yuri Gagarin became the first man who made a journey into the outer space on April, 12th 1961 and Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin

Virgil Grissom, Edward White and Roger Gaffee

the first who set foot on the moon on July, 21st 1961, traveling in space became a real challenge for humanity. 50 years of travel and discovery allows us to know more about the universe and its mystery. However the spatial conquest story is strewed with dramas which are good to remember in memory of those who lost their life to quench this thirst of humanity. In 2007, studies revealed that accidents during flight killed 18 astronauts, during training 12 and 70 staff's members passed away on the ground during shuttles launch. January27th, 1967, during a rehearsal of the countdown, fire broke out inside the cabin of the spacecraft and spread rapidly. Astronauts Virgil L. Grissom, Edward H. White and Roger B. Chaffee died after having unsuccessfully tried to leave the cabin. The accident greatly delayed the continuation of the Apollo program. However, in November 1967, a Saturn V rocket put into orbit an automatic spacecraft Apollo. Soyuz 1: Vladimir Komarov, a Soviet cosmonaut was on Soyuz 1 on April 24th 1967, for the inaugural flight of the new space capsule. His day mission was punctuated by a series of incidents peaking with the burn of the parachute after the atmospheric comeback. Komarov died in the crash of his capsule. 1970: Apollo 13 It was a manned lunar mission of Apollo space program.
May 2012 Science BLAST 13

The disasters

1967: Fatal accident in the spaceship Apollo-1. As part of the first space flight and space exploration by the U.S., the first manned flight in orbit with Apollo, took place in February, 1967.

It was a manned lunar mission of Apollo space program. The flight was piloted by James A. Lovell with John L. "Jack" Swigert as Command Module pilot and Fred W. Haise as Lunar Module pilot. The craft was launched on April 11, 1970. During the journey to the moon, the oxygen tank exploded two days later. They were forced to continue their journey to the moon and to go around using its gravitational pull. The crew returned safely to Earth on April 17th by using the lunar module as a lifeboat to return to the vicinity of the Earth. The famous sentence Houston weve had a problem was pronounced during this mission. The craft was launched on June 6th, 1971, from the base of Bakonour, Kazakhstan. Gueorgui Dobrovolski, Viktor Patsaev and Vladislav Volkov were aboard. The mission seemed to be successful. They went back to earth on June 29th in spite of some difficulties. After an apparently normal comeback

If we die, we want people to accept it. We're in a risky business and we hope that if anything happens to us it will not delay the program. The conquest of space is worth the risk of life. Virgil "Gus" Grissom (1926-1967)
comeback of the capsule, the crew was found dead during the opening of the Soyuz. After investigation it appeared that the crew died by suffocation. In fact a defective valve opened while the descent module parted from the module of service and had caused a lack of air and as a consequence the asphyxiation. 1986: Challenger On January, 28th 1986, Space Shuttle Challenger broke apart after 73 seconds of flight, leading to the death of its seven crew members. The spacecraft disintegrated over the Atlantic Ocean. This incident was due to a failure of a joint which allowed rwarm gases coming from the booster to escape. This provoked an outbreak of fire which in a few seconds split the shuttle under the eyes of several persons who attended the launch of the shuttle. The crew members who died were: Greg Jarvis, Christa McAuliffe, Ronald McNair, Ellison Onizuka, Judith Resnik, Michael J. Smith and Dick Scobee. 2003: Columbia The Space shuttle Columbia was launched on January 16th 2003. On February, 1st 2003, during the reentry into the Earths atmosphere, the shuttle disintegrated killing seven members aboard.

The challenger crews members

14 Science BLAST May 2012

Space shuttle Columbia fragments

Investigations showed that the accident was due to a piece of foam that broke off during launch and damaged the thermal protection system components on the leading edge of the left wing of the shuttle orbiter causing an extensive heat build-up. During reentry, the damaged wing slowly overheated and came apart, eventually leading to loss of control and total disintegration of the vehicle. So many tributes were paid in the memory of their sacrifice. A Belgian artist Paul Van Hoeydonck created a small aluminum sculpture representing in a stylized way an astronaut in its spacesuit. This statuette was baptized Fallen Astronaut. To commemorate astronauts and cosmonauts who died for the advancement of space exploration, on August 1st, 1971. Fallen Astronaut was placed at Hadley Rile on the moon by the crew of Apollo 15, along with a plaque bearing the names of eight American astronauts and six Soviet cosmonauts who had died. In 1995 the movie Apollo 13 directed by Ron Howard, retraced the Apollo 13 Mission. On YouTube some videos of their tributes are available. On many websites you can find the list of the dead astronauts. More than 50 years separate us from the first flight of Yuri Gagarin. The conquest of space is more than a technological, scientific or political challenge. As at the time of the Cold war, it is especially a challenge and a mission which well have to pursue in the next years.

Tributes

Over the last 50 years there were many spatial incidents and accidents which caused the death of some astronauts.

May 2012 Science BLAST 15

Robotics

All on bionic arms

16 Science BLAST May 2012

Connected to the nervous system of an amputee by motors and sensors, bionic arms are no longer science fiction. The bionic arms are used in replacement when a man or a woman has lost his/her arm. But the bionic arms have no touch as bionic arm. So, how a woman or a man can lives with a bionic arm? How exactly can they carry out everyday activities? - Asks Parfait Nzogho

n medicine, bionic means replacement or enhancement of organs or other body parts by a mechanical version. Do not forget that the movements of our body are controlled by the brains that send signals to the nerves, which automatically turn muscles. It is this intuitive communication which no longer exists between the brains, nerves and muscles of amputees that scientists want to restore. First, electrodes installed on the muscles react to through and transmit signals. Secondly, a computer reads the transmitted signals. Thirdly, the motors of the arm or leg perform the movement. You might certainly wonder how can the arm is it to ask the type of information desired by the brains and how will he know you need to perform a movement? The bionic arm is controlled by the brains. A chip in the forearm allows the restoration of the connection between the brain and nerve signals through the nerves in the transplant patient's chest. Once these nerves have been rerouted and provided with electrodes, the computer can access neurological information.

Indeed, the electric motors of the prosthesis are controlled by myoelectric signals sent by the brain to the muscles remaining above the amputated limb, this to allow the patient to perform several movements at a time and to distinguish the type of information desired by the brains such as twisting the wrist ( close hand .... etc). Nerve endings, which controlled the arms were diverted to the chest and attached to the muscles. At this point, scientists are implementing a whole mechanism of electrodes that will record nerve impulses emitted by the motor cortex to the nerve endings of the arm that disappeared. Then comes the chip that can analyze hundreds of electrical signals and control several possible movements of the prosthesis. The basic principle is very simple: even amputated, a member will not deprive the brains' memory that this member was doing: this principle is called "procedural memory". That is why at the shoulder, the bionic arm has a multitude of micro sensors that interpret the information sent by the brain to the muscle.
May 2012 Science BLAST 17

Batteries and microprocessor control circuits take over thereafter to operate the arm as soon as possible. As far fhe delicacy of touch is concerned, the fingers are equipped with pressure sensors that allow the arm to detect the characteristics of objects and adapt to the situation. A familiar application of this bionic arms would be the artificial heart, which was first successfully used in 1952. Bionic arms are more complex than artificial hearts, as their motion is not constant and is based on conscious commands from the user. When humans move a limb to perform an action, many things happen in quick succession. The brain sends signals to appropriate muscles in the limb, which send feedback information to the brain in order to constantly adjust the amount of force that needs to be applied. Nerves also send information to the brain to detect the position of the limb. In order for limbs to be functional, three major components must be present: bio sensors, controllers, and actuators. Bio sensors are the nerve cells and muscle cells, controllers are the brain and anything related to nerve signaling, like the spinal cord, and actuators are the muscles that actively move the limbs. Biomechatronic limbs have the same components. Mechanical bio sensors detect electrical activity through many devices, including special kinds of wires placed on the skin or electrodes directly implanted into the muscles themselves.

18 Science BLAST May 2012

They detect the intention of the wearer and send this information to the controller. Mechanical sensors, like force meters or accelerometers, relay information such as limb position and force. The controller connects the wearers muscles or nerves to the electronic arm and interprets and controls the signals from the biosensors as movement, which it relays to the actuator. The actuator, usually a motor, controls the physical movements of the device, moving the limb or providing force. The concept is very simple, but currently, bionic limbs do not provide much feedback and cannot truly adapt to a varied number of scenarios as a real limb can. Researchers around the world are working to make prosthetic limbs more accurately mimic the complex motions of real limbs.

At the University of Twente in the Netherlands, researchers are using cameras and various sensors to analyze walking versus standing in healthy people. Researchers at MIT are also studying walking and running motions, and have developed a lower leg called the Rheo-Knee, which moves based on the viscosity of an iron-oil fluid, making a nearly realistic-looking walking motion. In the future, researchers hope to create biomechatronic limbs based on living tissue. Research is being done at MIT using living frog muscle tissue to power a robotic fish. Two sets of muscles were alternately stimulated by electrodes, creating a swimming motion. This is the first example of a device created using living material. Current applications are very important in the military. Many soldiers suffer from damaged or removed limbs because of explosions or other wounds. Using prosthetic would make life easier for many war veterans.
May 2012 Science BLAST 19

TIME

Season 4 Episode 07 -The Apology Insufficiencys Preview

Howard needs to obtain a security clearance. Everyone will be interviewed by an FBI agent ...

Im Special Agent Page, FBI.

Youre say, youre Special Agent Page.

Here is my ID.

And here is my Justice League Membership card.

Howard, I wish you nothing but happiness.

Dont miss this episode!

Double Bazinga! I DO!

Bazinga! I dont!

20 Science BLAST May 2012

Source: www.tumblr.com

But that doesnt prove that I know Batman.

THIS MONTH: MEMORABLE SCIENCE MOVIES PRESENTING OUR FUTURE

Movie Reviews

Science has an enormous impact on our lives. So, it was simply natural that producers, directors and writers would start creating blockbusters that would attract viewers all over the world. Movie makers using their imagination have created a fantasy world that would satisfy us. We do not know what our future has in hold for us, but until then we have these movies to tickle our minds

Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) is a science fiction drama film directed, produced and co-written by Steven Spielberg. It is based on a short story "Super-Toys Last All Summer Long" written by Brian Aldiss. The development of A.I. originally began with director Stanley Kubrick in the early 1970s. Kubrick felt that the computer-generated imagery was not advanced enough to create the characters. The film progressed really slowly. In 1995 the film was handed to Steven Spielberg and it was greeted with positive reviews from the critics. In this tale, David (Haley Joel Osment) is an artificial kid. He doesn't eat. He doesn't sleep. But he observes bedtime and he has real feelings, especially a never-ending love for his "mother", Monica (Frances O'Connor). Monica is the woman who adopted him as a substitute for her real son, who has an incurable disease. David is living happily with Monica and her husband, but when their real son returns home after a cure is discovered, his life changes dramatically... "What responsibility does a human have to a robot that genuinely loves?" the film asks, and the answer is: none. Runtime: 146 min Release Date: 29 June 2001 (USA) IMDB rating: 7/10

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

REPO MEN
Nowadays the medicine has advanced to that point that any organ can be replaced by a mechanical equivalent. The general idea of replacing organs for better and longer life has always been a wish of the scientists. In this film which is directed by Miguel Sapochnik, the medical insurance company "The Union" provides expensive prosthesis to improve the lives of the clients. If the clients cant pay for the organs, the company sends repo men to retrieve the artificial organs. The former soldiers Remy (Jude Law) and his best friend Jake (Forest Whitaker) are among the best repo men of the company. Life is sweet for Remy, until an accident at work means he has to get an artificial organ. The artificial organ is very expensive and Remy changes his behavior after the medical procedure. So, he is no longer capable of chasing the debtors. When he can't make the payments, he is chased by his best partner Jake... Runtime: 111 min Release Date: 19 March 2010 (USA) IMDB rating: 6,3 /10
May 2012 Science BLAST 21

Image Source: www.imdb.com

adventorial

Its not the road that matters, its the car that makes the difference. So, if you want to feel it, youve got to drive it...

ith some fifty years of existence, BMW X6s are the newest example of BMWs innovations. BMW X6 was born out of a very interesting observation made by the James Bond director Marc Forster to the BMW chairman Norbert Reithofer. When Forster saw the BMW X5, he knew that its the perfect kind of a car for his new movie. But he wanted BMW X5 to have more sporting character. BMW took up the challenge and set to work on the Project BMW X6.

The car was revealed at the car presentation at the Berlin Car Exposition in April 2012. The cars are manufactured in five countries: Germany, England, France, Russia and Mexico. BMW X6 diesel engine BMW X6 has a really small diesel engine instead of a big petrol engine. That is the reason why its so economical and powerful at the same time. The power/weight ratio is 230 bhp / ton. This will get the thumbs up from those who know a thing or two for cars, as the higher this value, the more lively a cars performance and the greater the

enjoyment behind the wheel. If you thought the small diesel engine would increase the price, you are wrong! It is priced similarly to BMW X5, around 50,000. Safety doesnt happen by accident In an emergency, things tend to happen more quickly than expected. Fortunately, the safety systems of BMW X6 are always here to protect you. The electronic stability program will intervene if its sensors detect that the driver is losing control of the car. For example, if the rear end tends to break away,

When you get the BMW X6, you get the power.

Then when you get the power, then you get the women.
a wheel spins or loses contact with road. Then the electronic stability program immediately reduces the engine torque and brakes individual wheels to stabilize the car. The hydraulic brake also helps to have a safe drive. The BMW sensors can detect when you are attempting to perform an emergency stop. Every time you belt up you can rest assured that what you are driving is built to protect you from every eventuality. SO JUMP IN AND TRY IT OUT ! Wheels
Tyre dimensions front 255/50 R 19 V Tyre dimensions rear 255/50 R 19 V Wheel dimensions front 9 J x 19 light alloy Wheel dimensions rear 9 J x 19 light alloy

Engine

Cylinders/valves 6/4 Capacity in ccm 2,979 Stroke/bore in mm 89.6/84.0 Max. output in kW (hp) at 1/min 225 (306)/5,800 Max. torque in Nm at 1/min 400/1,200-5,000 Power-to-weight ratio (EU) in bhp/ton 230

Weight in kg

Unladen weight EU 2,145 Maximum permissible weight Permitted load 600 Permitted axle load front/rear

2,670 1,275/1,475

Fuel consumption For more information visit: www.bmw.co.uk or contact us on 0510 0510 or email: bmw-x6@bmw.com.

EU urban (l/100 km) 13.2 EU extra-urban (l/100 km) EU composite (l/100 km) CO2 emissions (g/km) Tank capacity in I (approx.)

8.3 10.1 236 85

Source: http://www.bmw.co.uk

Africa Come and discover...