5.

Which term of the sequence 114, 109, 104, .... is the first negative term?

2. The sum and product of the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial are - and -3 respectively. What is the quadratic polynomial? 3. For what values of k the quadratic equation x2 - kx + 4 = 0 has equal roots? 6. A cylinder, a cone, and a hemisphere are of equal base and have the same height. What is the ratio in their volumes? 8. In the figure given below, PA and PB are tangents to the circle; drawn from an external point P. CD is the third tangent touching the circle at Q. If PB = 10 cm, and CQ = 2 cm, what is the length of PC?

9. Cards each marked with one of the numbers 4, 5, 6....20 are placed in a box and mixed thoroughly. One card is drawn at random from the box. What is the probability of getting an even prime number? 15 A bag contains 5 red, 8 green and 7 white balls. One ball is drawn at random from the bag, find the probability of getting (i) a white ball or a green ball. (ii) neither a green ball not a red ball. OR One card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 playing cards. Find the probability of getting (i) a non-face card (ii) a black king or a red queen. 21 Observe the graph given below, and state whether triangle ABC is scalene, isosceles or equilateral. Justify your answer. Also find its area.

23

Construct a

ABC in which CA = 6 cm, AB = 5cm and BAC = 45, then construct a triangle similar to the given triangle whose sides are of the corresponding sides of the ABC. 24 Prove that the intercept of a tangent between two parallel tangents to a circle subtends a right angle at the centre of the circle. 25 A square field and an equilateral triangular park have equal perimeters. If the cost of ploughing the field at rate of Rs 5/m2 is Rs 720, find the cost of maintaining the park at the rate of Rs 10/m 2. OR An iron solid sphere of radius 3 cm is melted and recast into small spherical balls of radius 1 cm each. Assuming that there is no wastage in the process, find the number of small spherical balls made from the given sphere. 26 Some students arranged a picnic. The budget for food was Rs 240. Because four students of the group failed to go, the cost of food to each student got increased by Rs 5. How many students went for the picnic? OR A plane left 30 minutes late than its scheduled time and in order to reach the destination 1500 km away in time, it had to increase the speed by 250 km/h from the usual speed. Find its usual speed. 27 From the top of a building 100 m high, the angles of depression of the top and bottom of a tower are observed to be 45 and 60 respectively. Find the height of the tower. Also find the dist ance between the foot of the building and bottom of the tower. OR The angle of elevation of the top a tower at a point on the level ground is 30. After walking a distance of 100 m towards the foot of the tower along the horizontal line through the foot of the tower on the same level ground, the angle of elevation of the top of the tower is 60. Find the height of the tower. 28 Prove that in a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. Using the above, solve the following: A ladder reaches a window which is 12 m above the ground on one side of the street. Keeping its foot at the same point, the ladder is turned to the other side of the street to reach a window 9 m high. Find the width of the street if the length of the ladder is 15 m.

29. The interior of a building is in the form of a right circular cylinder of radius 7 m and height 6 m, surmounted by a right circular cone of same radius and of vertical angle 60. Find the cost of painting the building from inside at the rate of Rs 30/m2. 15(i) P (White or green ball) = (ii) P (Neither green nor red) = OR (i) P (non-face card) = (ii) P (black king or red queen) =

18

19 A contract on a construction job specifies a penalty for delay of completion beyond a certain date as follows: Rs 200 for first day, Rs. 250 for second day, Rs. 300 for third day and so on. If the contractor pays Rs 27750 as penalty, find the number of days for which the construction work is delayed. 19Let the delay in construction work be for n days. Here a = 200, d = 50, Sn = 27750.

n2 + 7n 1110 = 0 (n + 37) (n 30) = 0 n = 37 (Rejected) or n = 30 \ Delay in construction work as for 30 days. 24

Since tangent is perpendicular to the radius: SPO = SRO = OQT = 90 In right triangles OPS and ORS, OS = OS (Common) OP = OR (Radii of circle) \DOPS @ DORS (RHS Congruence) \ 1 = 2 Similarly 3 = 4 Now 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 180 (Sum of angles on the same side of Transversal) 2 + 3 = 90 \ SOT = 90 Let the side of the square be a metres. 5 a2 = 720 a = 12 m \ Perimeter of square = 48 m Perimeter of triangle = 25 48 m Side of triangle = 16 m Now Area of triangle = Cost of maintaining the park = Rs. = Rs. 1 OR Radius of sphere = 3 cm Volume of sphere = = 36 pcm Radius of spherical ball = 1 cm Volume of one spherical ball = 1 Let the number of small spherical balls be N. \ N = 27 Section D 26 Let the number of students who arranged the picnic be x. \ Cost of food for one student =
3

New cost of food for one student =

x2 4x 192 = 0

(x 16) (x + 12) = 0 x = 16 or x = 12 (Rejected) No of students who actually went for the picnic = 16 4 = 12 OR

Let the usual speed of plane be x km/hour. Time taken = hrs. with usual speed Time taken after increasing speed = hrs

x2 + 250x 750000 = 0 (x + 1000 ) ( x 750 ) = 0 x = 750 or 1000 (Rejected) \ Usual speed of the plane = 750 km/h. 27

In right DBED, BE = DE \ . Height of the tower (CD) = AE = AB BE = 42.27 m Distance between the foot the building and the bottom of the tower (AC) = 57.73 m. OR

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

In right DBAC,

(i) In right BAD, AB = AD From (i) and (ii), we get (ii) 100 + AD = 3AD AD = 50 m From (ii) AB = = 50 1.732 m Or, AB = 86.6 m

28

29

1 1 1 1 1

Internal curved surface area of cylinder = 2prh = 2p 7 6 m2 = 264 m2 In right DOAB,

\ Slant height of cone (OB) = 14 m Internal curved surface area of cone = prl = 308 m2 Total Area to be painted = 264 + 308 = 572 m2 Cost of painting = Rs (30 572) = Rs 17160 Solve the following equation for x. 9x2 9(a + b)x + (2a2 + 5ab + 2b2) = 0 Solution: Comparing the given equation with standard equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 we find a = 9, b = -9(a + b), c = 2a2 + 5ab + 2b2 26.

or or

or OR If 5 is a root of the quadratic equation 2x + px 15 = 0 and the quadratic equation p(x2 + x) + k = 0 has equal roots, then find the values of p and k. Solution: Given that 5 is a root of 2x2 + px 15 = 0 2(5)2 + p(5) 15 = 0
2

50 5p 15 = 0 5p = 35 p=7 Putting p = 7 in the second quadratic equation, we get 7x2 + 7x + k = 0 Given that above equation has equal roots and hence b2 4ac = 0 49 4(7)k = 0 ( 28k = 49 a = 7, b = 7, c = k)

Question 28
28. An aeroplane when flying at a height of 3125 m from the ground passes vertically below another plane at an instant when the angles of elevation of the two planes from the same point on the ground are 30 and 60 respectively. Find the distance between the two planes at that instant. Solution: Let at some instant, A1 be the 1st aero plane A2 be the 2nd aeroplane A1A2 is the vertical distance between these aeroplanes at that instant.

Let, BC = x m and A1 A2 = h m From the A1BC we have,

From A2BC we have,

h = 3 X 3125 3125 h = 2 X 3125 = 6250 Hence the distance between the two planes at that instant is 6250 m

Question 29
29. A juice seller serves his customers using a glass as shown in figure. The inner diameter of the cylindrical glass is 5 cm, but the bottom of the glass has a hemispherical portion raised which reduces the capacity of the glass. If the height of the glass is 10 cm, find the apparent capacity of the glass and its actual capacity. (Use = 3.14)

Solution: Since the inner diameter of the glass = 5 cm and height = 10 cm Apparent capacity of the glass = r2h = 3.14 X 2.5 X 2.5 X 10 cm3 = 196.25 cm3 But the actual capacity of the glass is less by the volume of the hemisphere at the base of the glass It is less by = 32.71 cm3 Actual capacity of the glass = apparent capacity of glass volume of the hemisphere = (196.25 32.71) cm3 = 163.54 cm3 OR A cylindrical vessel with internal diameter 10 cm and height 10.5 cm is full of water. A solid cone of base diameter 7 cm and height 6 cm is completely immersed in water. Find the volume of (i) water displaced out of the cylindrical vessel (ii) water left in the cylindrical vessel [Take ] Solution: Diameter of cylindrical vessel = 10 cm So, r= radius of cylindrical vessel = 5 cm Height of cylindrical vessel = h = 10.5 Volume of cylindrical vessel = r2h = X 5 X 5 X 10.5 cm3 = 825 cm3 Also given that diameter of the cone = 7 cm

r = radius of cone = Height of the cone = 6 cm Volume of the cone =

= 77 cm3 Volume of water displaced by cone = volume of the cone = 76.93 cm 3 Water left in cylindrical vessel = volume of water in cylinder volume of water in cone = 825cm3 77 cm3 = 748 cm3

Question 3
3. If Solution: Since a, 2 are three consecutive terms of an A.P., then fine the value of a.

a, 2 are in AP, we have

Question 4
4. Two coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of getting exactly one head. Solution: When two coins are tossed simultaneously all the possible outcomes are (H,H),(H,T),(T,H)and (T,T) and the desired outcomes of getting exactly one head are (H,T) and (T,H). Thus the required probability =

6. If the diameter of a semicircular protractor is 14 cm, then find its perimeter. Solution: Diameter = 14 cm Radius Perimeter of semicircular protractor = r+ 2r

= 36 cm

Question 7
7. If 1 is a zero of the polynomial p(x) = ax2 3(a 1)x 1, then find the value of a. Solution: Given that 1 is a zero of a polynomial Therefore, P(1) = 0 a(1)2 3 (a 1) (1) 1 = 0

a 3(a 1) 1 = 0 a 3a + 3 1 = 0 2a + 2 = 0 2a = 2 a=1 Hence value of a is 1 10. Find the discriminant of the quadratic equation . Solution:

11.

Discriminant= 100 36 = 64 Find all the zeroes of the polynomial 2x3 + x2 6x 3,

if two of its zeroes are and . Solution: The given equation is cubic and hence has 3 zeroes. We find 3rd zero. Given that hence are zeroes of the polynomial and are factors of the given polynomial. is also a factor of the given polynomial. Now we apply the division algorithm between x2 3 and 2x3 + x2 6x 3 to find the third zero.

Thus we have, Hence the third zero of the given polynomial p(x) is obtained by making Therefore, the third zero of p(x) is . 13. If the points A(4, 3) and B(x, 5) are on the circle with the centre O(2, 3), find the value of x. Solution: OA = OB = r OA2 = OB2

(4 2)2 + (3 3)2 = (x 2)2 + (5 3)2 4 + 0 = x2 4x + 4 + 4 x2 4x + 4 = 0 (x 2)2 = 0 x=2 Question 14

14. Which term of the A.P. 3, 15, 27, 39, will be 120 more than its 21st term? Solution: Given A.P. is 3, 15, 27, 39,

Here a = 3, d = t2 t1 = 15 3 = 12 nth term of A.P. = tn = a + (n 1)d Put n = 21 t21 = 3 + (21 1)12

t21 = 3 + (20)12 t21 = 243

Let tm be the term which is 120 more than 21st term tm = t21 + 120 tm = 243 + 120 a + (m 1)d = 363

3+ (m 1)12 = 363 (m 1)12 = 363 3= 360 m 1 = 30 m = 31

Hence, the 31st term of the A.P. is 120 more than its 21st term.

Question 18
18. The area of an equilateral triangle is . Taking each angular point as centre, circles are drawn with radius equal to half the length of the side of the triangle. Find the area of triangle not included in the circles. [Take Solution:

Given area of equilateral triangle = (a is side of equilateral triangle)

a = 14 cm Radius of circles Area of sector =

Area of 3 sectors = 77 cm2 Area of the triangle not included in the circles = Area of equilateral triangle Area of 3 sectors of equal area

= 84.77 77 = 7.77 cm2 OR

The figure below shows a decorative block which is made of two solids a cube and a hemisphere. The base of the block is a cube with edge 5 cm and the hemisphere, fixed on the top, has a diameter of 4.2 cm. Find the total surface area of the block. [Take Solution: ]

Given side of cube, a = 5 cm TSA of cube = 6a2 = 6 X 52 = 150 cm2 Diameter of hemisphere = 4.2 cm Radius, r = 2.1 cm Surface area of hemisphere = 2r2

= 27.72 cm2 Area of base of hemisphere = r

2

= 13.86 cm2 Total surface area of the block = Total surface area of cube + Surface area of hemisphere Area of base of hemisphere = 177.72 13.86 = 163.86 cm2

Question 19
Two dice are thrown simultaneously. What is the probability that (i) 5 will not come up on either of them? (ii) 5 will come up on at least one? (iii) 5 will come up at both dice? Solution: Total number of possible outcomes of throwing two dice = 6 X 6 = 36 (i) Number of outcomes that 5 will not come up on either of them = 25 i.e. [on both the dice, any one of the numbers 1, 2 3, 4, 6 appear] 19.

P [5 will not come up on either of them] (ii) 5 will come up on at least one = 5 on the 1st die and any one of {1, 2, 3, 4, 6} on the 2nd die (or) 5 on nd the 2 dice and any one of {1, 2, 3, 4, 6} on the 1st dice (or) 5 on both dice = 5 + 5 + 1 = 11 ways. P [5 will come up on either of them) = (iii) 5 will come up on both the dice in only one way P [5 will come up at both dice]

Question 20
20. The sum of first six terms of an arithmetic progression is 42. The ratio of its 10th term to its 30th term is 1 : 3. Calculate the first and the thirteenth terms of the A.P. Solution: Let a be the first term and d be the common difference of the AP S6 = 42

.(1) T10 : T30 = 1 : 3 (given)

3[a + 9d] = 1(a + 29d) 3a + 27d = a + 29d 2a = 2d a = d ..(2) Using the result of (2) in (1) 3(2a + 5a) = 42 3(7a) = 42 a = 2 d = 2 (from (2)) First term = a = 2 13th term = T13 = a + (13 1)d = a + 12d = a + 12a = 13a = 13(2) = 26 T13 = 26

Question 22
22. Find the ratio in which the point (x, 2) divides the line segment joining the points (3, 4) and (3, 5). Also find the value of x. Solution: Let the ratio be k : 1 in which the point (x, 2) divides the join of (3, 4) and (3, 5) x1 = 3, y1 = 4 and m1 = k

x2 = 3, y2 = 5 and m2 = 1 By using section formula we get

2(k + 1) = 5k 4 (By cross multiplication) 2k + 2 = 5k 4 5k 2k = 6 3k = 6 k=2 Thus the ratio is 2 : 1 Also

x=1

Question 23
23. Find the area of the triangle formed by joining the mid-points of the sides of the triangle whose vertices are (0,1), (2, 1) and (0, 3). Solution: Let A(0, 1), B(2, 1) and C(0, 3) are the vertices of the triangle. Let D, E, F be the mid points of the sides AB, BC, CA respectively. Then

We use the formula To find the area of triangle DEF, we have x1 = 1, y1 = 0 x2 = 1, y2 = 2 x3 = 0, y3 = 1

Area of DEF =

= 1 sq unit.

Question 24
24. Solve for x and y:

ax by = 2ab Solution: ---------(1) ax by = 2ab -----------(2) Multiply (1) with ab, we get a2x b2y = a2b + ab2 -------(3) Multiply (2) with a, we get a2x aby = 2a2b --- (4) Solve (3) and (4) a2x b2y = a2b + ab2 a2x aby = 2a2b ___________________________ y(ab b2) = ab2 a2b

y = a Put y = a in (2) ax = 2ab ab = ab x=b Hence, x = b and y = a OR The sum of two numbers is 8. Determine the numbers if the sum of their reciprocals is Solution: Given sum of two numbers = 8 Sum of their reciprocals = Let the numbers be x and y x + y = 8 ..(1) And

xy = 15

Substitute x value in equation (1)

y2 8y + 15 = 0 y2 5y 3y + 15 = 0 y(y 5) 3(y 5) = 0 (y 3) (y 5) = 0

y = 3 or 5
Case (i) If y = 3,

 x = 5 and y = 3 Case (ii): If y = 5,

x = 3 and y = 5

Question 25
25. Draw a right triangle in which sides (other than hypotenuse) are of lengths 8 cm and 6 cm. Then times the corresponding sides of the first triangle.

construct another triangle whose sides are Solution:

Steps of construction: 1. Draw a right triangle using given conditions. Consider the triangle as ABC in which BC = 8 cm and AB = 6 cm, and B = 90 2. Make any acute angle CBX below the line BC 3. Locate 4 points (greater of 3 and 4 in ) B1, B2, B3, B4 on BX such that BB1 = B1B2 = B2B3 = B3B4 4 . Join B4 and C 5. Through B3, draw a line parallel to B4C meeting BC in C. 6. Again draw a line through C parallel to CA meeting BA in A on being produced. ABC is the required triangle whole sides are times the sides of ABC. 26. A juice seller serves his customers using a glass as shown in figure 6. The inner diameter of the cylindrical glass is 5 cm, but the bottom of the glass has a hemispherical portion raised which reduces the capacity of the glass. If the height of the glass is 10 cm, find the apparent capacity of the glass and its actual capacity. (Use = 3.14) Solution:

Since the inner diameter of the glass = 5 cm Height = 10 cm Apparent capacity of the glass = r2h = 3.14 X 2.5 X 2.5 X 10 cm3 = 196.25 cm3 But the actual capacity of the glass is less by the volume of the hemisphere at the base of the glass It is less by = 32.71 cm3 Actual capacity of the glass = apparent capacity of glass volume of hemisphere = (196.25 32.71) cm3 = 163.54 cm3 OR A cylindrical vessel with internal diameter 10 cm and height 10.5 cm is full of water. A solid cone of base diameter 7 cm and height 6 cm is completely immersed in water. Find the volume of (i) water displaced out of the cylindrical vessel (ii) water left in the cylindrical vessel [Take ] Solution: Diameter of cylindrical vessel = 10 cm r= radius of cylindrical vessel = 5 cm height of cylindrical vessel = h = 10.5 Volume of cylindrical vessel = r2h = X 5 X 5 X 10.5 cm3 = 825 cm3 Also given that diameter of the cone = 7 cm r = radius of cone = height of the cone = 6 cm volume of the cone =

= 77 cm3 Volume of water displaced by cone = volume of the cone = 76.93 cm3 Water left in cylindrical vessel = volume of water in cylinder volume of water in cone = 825cm3 77 cm3 = 748 cm3

Question 28
28. From the top of a building 60 m high, the angles of depression of the top and bottom of a vertical lamp post are observed to be 30 and 60 respectively. Find (i) the horizontal distance between the building and the lamp post. (ii) the height of the lamp post. [Take Solution: = 1.732]

Let x m be the horizontal distance and h be the height of the lamp post (i) In ACB

Thus the horizontal distance between the building and the lamp post is (ii) from EDB

From problem (i) x = Thus [By cross multiplication] h = 60 20 h = 40 m Thus height of the lamp post is 40 m 30. Solve the following equation for x. 9x2 9(a + b)x + (2a2 + 5ab + 2b2) = 0 Solution: Comparing the given equation with standard equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 we find a = 9, b = -9(a + b), c = 2a2 + 5ab + 2b2

or or or OR If (5) is a root of the quadratic equation 2x2 + px 15 = 0 and the quadratic equation p(x2 + x) + k = 0 has equal roots, then find the values of p and k. Solution: Given that 5 is a root of 2x2 + px 15 = 0 2(5)2 + p(5) 15 = 0 50 5p 15 = 0 5p = 35 p=7 Putting p = 7 in the second quadratic equation we get 7x2 + 7x + k = 0 Given that above equation has equal roots and hence b2 4ac = 0 49 4(7)k = 0 ( 28k = 49 a = 7, b = 7, c = k)

1.

Find the discriminant of the quadratic .

equation Solution: Here Discriminant =

100 36 = 64

Question 2
2. If Solution: Since a, 2 are three consecutive terms of an A.P., then fine the value of a.

a, 2 are in AP, we have

Question 5
5. Two coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of getting exactly one head. Solution: When two coins are tossed simultaneously all the possible outcomes are (H,H),(H,T),(T,H)and (T,T) and the desired outcomes of getting exactly one head are (H,T) and (T,H). Thus the required probability =

Question 7
7. If 1 is a zero of the polynomial p(x) = ax2 3(a 1)x 1, then find the value of a. Solution: Given that 1 is a zero of a polynomial Therefore, p(1) = 0 a(1)2 3 (a 1) (1) 1 = 0 a 3(a 1) 1 = 0 a 3a + 3 1 = 0 2a + 2 = 0 2a = 2 a=1 Hence value of a is 1

Question 10
Find the number of solutions of the following pair of linear equations: x + 2y 8 = 0 2x + 4y = 16 Solution: Infinitely many solutions 10.

Question 11
11. If the points A (4, 3) and B (x, 5) are on the circle with the centre O (2, 3), find the value of x. Solution: Given points on circle are A (4, 3) and B (x, 5) Centre is at O (2, 3) OA = OB ( Radii of same circle) ------- (1) Distance between two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) is

From equation (1),

4 = (x 2)2 + 4 4 4 = (x 2)2 x2=0 x=2

Question 12
12. Which term of the A.P. 4, 12, 20, 28, will be 120 more than its 21 st term? Solution: Given A.P. is 4, 12, 20, 28, .. Here a = 4, d = t2 t1 = 12 4 = 8 nth term of A.P. = tn = a + (n 1)d Put n = 21 t21 = 4 + (21 1)8 t21 = 4 + (20)8 t21 = 164 Let tm be the term which is 120 more than 21st term tm = t21 + 120 tm = 164 + 120 a + (m 1)d = 284 4 + (m 1)8 = 284 (m 1)8 = 284 4 = 280

m 1 = 35 m = 36 Hence, the 36th term of the A.P. is 120 more than its 21st term.

Question 14
14. Find all the zeroes of the polynomial x3 + 3x2 2x 6, if two

of its zeroes are and . Solution: Let P(x) = x3 + 3x2 2x 6 Given two zeroes of the given polynomial P(x) = x3 + 3x2 2x 6 are and

is a factor of the given polynomial x2 2 is a factor of the given polynomial. Now, we apply the division algorithm to P(x) and x2 2

 P(x) = x3 + 3x2 2x 6 = (x2 2) (x + 3) x + 3 is a factor of P(x) 3 is the other zero of the polynomial.

Question 17
17. Draw a right triangle in which sides (other than hypotenuse) are of lengths 8 cm and 6 cm. Then times the corresponding sides of the first triangle.

construct another triangle whose sides are

Solution: Steps of construction: (1) Construct ABC such that BC = 8 cm, BCA = 90 and CA = 6 cm (2) Draw a ray BX, making an acute angle with BC on the side opposite to BA (3) Mark points B1, B2, B3, B4 on BX such that BB1 = B1B2 = B2B3 = B3B4 (4) Join B4 and C (5) Draw B3C || B4C (6) Draw CA || CA Now ABC is the required triangle, whose sides are times to the corresponding sides of the ABC.

Question 18
Two dice are thrown simultaneously. What is the probability that (i) 5 will not come up on either of them? (ii) 5 will come up on at least one? (iii) 5 will come up at both dice? Solution: Total number of possible outcomes of throwing two dice = 6 X 6 = 36 (i) Number of outcomes that 5 will not come up on either of them = 25 i.e. [on both the dice, any one of the numbers 1, 2 3, 4, 6 appear] 18.

P [5 will not come up on either of them] (ii) 5 will come up on at least one = 5 on the 1st die and any one of {1, 2, 3, 4, 6} on the 2nd die (or) 5 on nd the 2 dice and any one of {1, 2, 3, 4, 6} on the 1st dice (or) 5 on both dice = 5 + 5 + 1 = 11 ways. P [5 will come up on either of them) = (iii) 5 will come up on both the dice in only one way P [5 will come up at both dice]

Question 20
20. The sum of first six terms of an arithmetic progression is 42. The ratio of its 10 th term to its 30th term is 1 : 3. Calculate the first and the thirteenth term of the A.P. Solution: Given sum of 1st six terms of an A.P. = 42 And t10 : t30 = 1 : 3 Sum of n terms of AP, Put n = 6

42 = 3(2a + 5d) 2a + 5d = 14 --- (1) t10 : t30 = 1 : 3

3a + 27d = a + 29d 2a = 2d a = d --- (2) Substituting (2) in (1), we get 2a + 5a = 14 7a = 14 a=2 1st term = 2 d = 2 [ From (2)] t13 = a + 12d = 2 + 12(2) t13 = 26

Question 22
22. Find the ratio in which the point (x, 1) divides the line segment joining the points (2, 5). Also find the value of x. Solution: Given (x, 1) divides the line segment joining the points (3, 5) and (2, 5) By section formula, (3, 5) and

5m + 5n = m n

 4m = 6n

m:n=3:2

x=0

Question 26
26. A juice seller serves his customers using a glass as shown in figure 6. The inner diameter of the cylindrical glass is 5 cm, but the bottom of the glass has a hemispherical portion raised which reduces the capacity of the glass. If the height of the glass is 10 cm, find the apparent capacity of the glass and its actual capacity. (Use = 3.14)

Solution: Since the inner diameter of the glass = 5 cm Height = 10 cm Apparent capacity of the glass = r2h = 3.14 X 2.5 X 2.5 X 10 cm3 = 196.25 cm3 But the actual capacity of the glass is less by the volume of the hemisphere at the base of the glass It is less by = 32.71 cm3 Actual capacity of the glass = apparent capacity of glass volume of hemisphere = (196.25 32.71) cm3 = 163.54 cm3 Or A cylindrical vessel with internal diameter 10 cm and height 10.5 cm is full of water. A solid cone of base diameter 7 cm and height 6 cm is completely immersed in water. Find the volume of (i) water displaced out of the cylindrical vessel (ii) water left in the cylindrical vessel [Take ] Solution: Diameter of cylindrical vessel = 10 cm r= radius of cylindrical vessel = 5 cm height of cylindrical vessel = h = 10.5 Volume of cylindrical vessel = r2h = X 5 X 5 X 10.5 cm3 = 825 cm3 Also given that diameter of the cone = 7 cm r = radius of cone = height of the cone = 6 cm volume of the cone =

= 77 cm3 Volume of water displaced by cone = volume of the cone = 76.93 cm3 Water left in cylindrical vessel = volume of water in cylinder volume of water in cone = 825cm3 77 cm3 = 748 cm3

Question 28
28. A 1.2 m tall girl spots a balloon moving with the wind in a horizontal line at a height of 88.2 m from the ground. The angle of elevation of the balloon from the eyes of the girl at that instant is 60 . After some time, the angle of elevation reduces to 30. Find the distance travelled by the balloon during the interval. Solution:

Given height of girl, AB = 1.2 m Height of balloon from ground, CG = 88.2 m CF = 88.2 1.2 = 87 m DE = 87 m In right AFC,

In right AED,

Distance travelled by the balloon = CD = FE CD = AE AF

CD = 100.46 m (nearly) Hence, the distance travelled by the balloon during the interval is 100.46 m.

Question 29
Solve the following equation for x. 9x2 9(a + b)x + (2a2 + 5ab + 2b2) = 0 Solution: 29.

Comparing the given equation with standard equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 we find a = 9, b = -9(a + b), c = 2a2 + 5ab + 2b2

or or or Or If (5) is a root of the quadratic equation 2x2 + px 15 = 0 and the quadratic equation p(x2 + x) + k = 0 has equal roots, then find the values of p and k. Solution: Given that 5 is a root of 2x2 + px 15 = 0 2(5)2 + p(5) 15 = 0 50 5p 15 = 0 5p = 35 p=7 Putting p = 7 in the second quadratic equation we get 7x2 + 7x + k = 0 Given that above equation has equal roots and hence B2 4ac = 0 49 4(7)k = 0 ( 28k = 49 a = 7, b = 7, c = k)