Sei sulla pagina 1di 3

1.

State of the art for the installation of lightning


protection systems
1.1 Installation standards plex protection system against lightning electro-
magnetic impulse (LEMP) in accordance with
At the beginning of 2006, the new IEC standards EN 62305-4.
on lightning protection, Parts 1 to 4 of the series
IEC 62305 were published. Almost at the same time IEC 62305-3 (EN 62305-3):
they became effective as new European Lightning Physical damage to structures and life hazard
Protection Standards EN 62305-1 to 4. This section deals with the protection of buildings
and structures and persons from material damage
The new standards of the series EN 62305 specify and life-threatening situations caused by the
the state of the art in the field of lightning protec- effect of lightning current or by dangerous spark-
tion on a uniform and up-to-date European basis. ing, especially in the event of direct lightning
The actual protection standards (EN 62305-3 and strikes. A lightning protection system comprising
-4) are preceded by two generally valid standard external lightning protection (air-termination sys-
parts (EN 62305-1 and -2) (Table 1.1.1). tem, down-conductor system and earth-termina-
tion system) and internal lightning protection
IEC 62305-1 (EN 62305-1): (lightning equipotential bonding and separation
General principles distance) serves as a protective measure. The light-
This section contains information about the risk ning protection system is defined by its class,
posed by lightning, lightning characteristics, and Class I being more effective than Class IV. The class
the parameters derived therefrom for the simula- required is determined with the help of a risk
tion of the effects of lightning. In addition, an analysis carried out in accordance with IEC 62305-2
overall view of the IEC 62305 (EN 62305) series of (EN 62305-2), unless otherwise laid down in regu-
standards is given. Procedures and protection prin- lations (e.g. building regulations).
ciples which form the basis of the following sec-
tions are explained. IEC 62305-4 (EN 62305-4):
Electrical and electronic systems within structures
IEC 62305-2 (EN 62305-2): This section deals with the protection of buildings
Risk management and structures with electrical and electronic sys-
Risk management in accordance with IEC 62305-2 tems against the effects of the lightning electro-
(EN 62305-2) uses risk analysis to first establish the magnetic impulse. Based on the protective meas-
necessity for lightning protection. The optimum ures according to IEC 62305-3 (EN 62305-3), this
protective measure from a technical and economic standard also takes into consideration the effects
point of view is then determined. Finally, the of electrical and magnetic fields, and induced volt-
remaining residual risk is ascertained. Starting ages and currents, caused by direct and indirect
with the unprotected state of the building, the lightning strikes. Importance and necessity of this
remaining risk is reduced and reduced until it is standard derives from the increasing use of diverse
below the tolerable risk. This method can be used electrical and electronic systems which are
both for a simple determination of the class of grouped together under the heading information
lightning protection system in accordance with IEC systems. For the protection of information systems,
62305-3 (EN 62305-3), and also to establish a com- the building or structure is divided up into light-
ning protection zones (LPZ).
Classification Title This allows local differences
IEC 62305-1: 2006-01 Protection against lightning in the number, type and
(EN 62305-1) Part 1: General principles sensitivity of the electrical
and electronic devices to be
IEC 62305-2: 2006-01 Protection against lightning
(EN 62305-2) Part 2: Risk management taken into consideration
when choosing the protec-
IEC 62305-3: 2006-01 Protection against lightning Part 3: Physical
tive measures. For each
(EN 62305-3) damage to structures and life hazard
lightning protection zone, a
IEC 62305-4: 2006-01 Protection against lightning Part 4: Electrical risk analysis in accordance
(EN 62305-4) and electronic systems within structures
with IEC 62305-2 (EN 62305-
Table 1.1.1 Lightning protection standard valid since January 2006 2) is used to select those

www.dehn.de LIGHTNING PROTECTION GUIDE 11


protective measures which provide optimum pro- are continually changing. So, if standards are with-
tection at minimum cost. drawn and replaced with new standards or pre-
standards, then it is primarily the new standards
These standards can be applied to the design, which then correspond to the state of the art.
installation, inspection and maintenance of light- Contractors and those placing an order for work
ning protection systems for buildings and struc- regularly agree that the work must conform to the
tures, their installations, their contents and the general state of the art without the need to make
persons within. specific mention of this. If the work shows a nega-
tive deviation from this general state of the art, it
is faulty. This can result in a claim being made
1.2 Work contracts against the contractor for material defect liability.
The material defect liability only exists, however, if
A work contractor is fundamentally liable for the work was already faulty at the time of accept-
ensuring that his service is free of deficiencies. ance! Circumstances occurring subsequently – such
Compliance with the recognised engineering rules as a further development of the state of the art –
is the decisive starting point for work and service do not belatedly make the previously accepted,
free of deficiencies. Relevant national standards defect-free work faulty!
are used here in order to fill the factual character-
istic of the “recognised engineering rules” with For the question of the deficiency of work and
life. If the relevant standards are complied with, it service, the state of the recognised engineering
is presumed that the work and service is free from rules at the time of the acceptance is the sole
deficiencies. The practical significance of such a deciding factor.
prima facie evidence lies in the fact that a cus- Since, in future, only the new lightning protection
tomer who lodges a complaint of non-conform standards will be relevant at the time of comple-
service by the work contractor (for example for the tion and acceptance of lightning protection sys-
installation of a lightning protection system) has tems, they have to be installed in accordance with
basically little chance of success if the work con- these standards. It is not sufficient that the service
tractor can show that he complied with the rele- conformed to the engineering rules at the time it
vant technical standards. As far as this effect is con- was provided, if, between completion of a con-
cerned, standards and prestandards carry equal tract, service provision and acceptance of the con-
weight. The effect of the presumption of technical struction work, the technical knowledge and
standards is removed, however, if either the stan- hence the engineering rules have changed.
dards are withdrawn , or it is proven that the actu- Hence works which have been previously installed
al standards no longer represent the state of the and already accepted under the old standards do
art. Standards cannot statically lay down the state not become defective because, as a result of the
of the recognised engineering rules in tablets of updating of the standards, a “higher technical
stone, as technical requirements and possibilities standard” is demanded.

Definition acc. Definition acc.


to IEC 61643 to EN 61643
SPDs which withstand the partial lightning current with a typical waveform SPD class I SPD Type 1
10/350 μs require a corresponding impulse test current Iimp
The suitable test current Iimp is defined in the Class I test procedure of IEC 61643-1
SPDs which withstand induced surge currents with a typical waveform SPD class II SPD Type 2
8/20 μs require a corresponding impulse test current In
The suitable test current In is defined in the Class II test procedure of IEC 61643-1

SPDs that withstand induced surge currents with a typical waveform SPD class III SPD Type 3
8/20 μs and require a corresponding impulse test current Isc
The suitable combination wave test is defined in the Class III test procedure of IEC 61643-1

Table 1.1.2 Equivalents for SPD classifications (In the following the Lightning Protection Guide uses the designation SPD Type 1, SPD Type 2,
SPD Type 3)

12 LIGHTNING PROTECTION GUIDE www.dehn.de


With the exception of lightning protection systems EN 50164-2:
for nuclear facilities, lightning protection systems Requirements for conductors and earth electrodes
have only to conform to the state of the art at the This standard specifies the requirements on con-
time they are installed, i.e. they do not have to be ductors, air-termination rods, lead-in components
updated to the latest state of the art. Existing sys- and earthing electrodes.
tems are inspected in the course of maintenance
tests according to the standards in force at the EN 61643-11:
time they were installed. Surge protective devices connected to low voltage
systems
Since 1 December 2002, the requirements on, and
inspections of, surge protective devices in low volt-
age systems have been governed by EN 61643-11.
1.3 Product standards This product standard is the result of international
Materials, components and units for lightning pro- standardisation as part of IEC and CENELEC.
tection systems must be designed and tested for
the electrical, mechanical and chemical stresses EN 61643-21: Surge protective devices connected
which have to be expected during their use. This to telecommunications and signalling networks
affects both the components of the external light- This standard describes the performance require-
ning protection as well as units of the internal ments and testing methods for surge protective
lightning protection system. devices used for the protection of telecommunica-
tions and signal processing networks including e.g.
⇒ data networks,
EN 50164-1: ⇒ voice transmission networks,
Requirements for connection components
⇒ alarm systems,
This standard describes inspection and test proce-
⇒ automation systems.
dures for metal connecting units. Units falling
within the scope of this standard are:
CLC/TS 61643-22 (IEC 61643-22:2004, modified):
⇒ Clamps 2006-04; Low-voltage surge protective devices,
Part 22:
⇒ Connectors
Surge protective devices connected to telecommu-
⇒ Terminal components nications and signalling networks - Selection and
application principles
⇒ Bridging components
EN 61663-1
⇒ Expansion pieces
Lightning protection - Telecommunication lines -
⇒ Measuring points Fibre optic installations

EN 61663-2
Our clamps and connectors meet the requirements Lightning protection - Telecommunication lines -
of this standard. Lines using metallic conductors

www.dehn.de LIGHTNING PROTECTION GUIDE 13

Potrebbero piacerti anche