ATTACHMENT - 1

Document No. 081113B-CL-302 Rev. B

Upheaval Buckling Calculation (48" Hassyan Gas Pipeline, Location Class = 4)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49

As per OTC Paper 6335 by A.C. Palmer, C.P.Ellinas, D.M. Richards and J.Guijt, 1990
Non Corroded pipe
Input Data
Pipe diameter, D
Nominal pipe thk, t
Corrosion Allowance
Design pressure, P
Steel density
Soil density, Y
Youngs modulas of steel, E
Poisson ratio, n
Thermal expansion, a
Installation (backfill) Temp, T1
Design Temp (U/G), T2
Pipeline Cover depth, H
Fluid density (0.65 s.g)
Uplift coefficient

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

1.219
0.0238
0
960
7850
1600
207000
0.3
0.0000117
13
60
1.2
0
0.1

Unit
m

39.37008

Conv.fact
39.37008

48
0.938

Unit
inch
inch

703.0696

674947

Kg/m 2

101971.62

2
2.1108E+10 kg/m

Pipe Properties
Pipe cross sectional area, A
Pipe Section modulus, I
Pipe flexural rigidity
Weight of pipe
Pipe contents sectional area
Weight of contents

=
=
=
=
=
=

/4(D2-d2)
/64(D4-d4)
EI
Sect area x L x density
/4(D-2xt)2
Sect area x L x density

Pipeline Axial force

(P) = A {0.5 Sh + E(T2-T1) - Sh }

Axial stress due hoop stress

Axial stress due to pressure
Thermal stress
So the Axial force (P)

=
=
=
=

(PD)/(2t)
0.5xSh
E(T2-T1)

m
PSI
Kg/m3
Kg/m3
Mpa

Per oC
o

m
Kg/m3 (Consider zero for conservative reason)

(for loose soil or 0.5 for dense material)

= 0.08949
= 0.01599
= 3.4E+08
702.499
= 1.07796
0

=
=
=
=

5179785
8632975
1.2E+07
1347774

Kg/m 2
Kg/m 2
Kg/m 2
kg

(+)
(-)
(-)

The required down force from OTC Paper

W = [1.16 4.76 (EI Wo / d)0.5 / P] P ( d Wo / EI) 0.5

Kg/m

The Uplift resistance from Soil & Pipe weight

Q = H x D x x [1+f x (H / D)]

Wo = Weight of Pipe + Contents

Condition for Stability = W < Wo + Q

Imperfection height
Req. Down force (W)
0.1
-2630.65
0.2
-2335.21
0.3
-2108.51
0.4
-1917.40
0.5
-1749.02

Uplift soil resistance(Q)

2339.39
2110.72
1885.25
1662.98
1443.90

50
51
52
53
54

m2
m4
kg-m2
Kg/m
m2
Kg/m

55
56
57

\\vboxsrv\conversion_tmp\scratch_3\[217024329.xls.ms_office.xls]48" has nc

Page 1 of 6

Wo
702.50
702.50
702.50
702.50
702.50

Q + Wo
3041.89
2813.22
2587.75
2365.48
2146.40

Stability
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable

ATTACHMENT - 1
Document No. 081113B-CL-302 Rev. B
Upheaval Buckling Calculation (48" Hassyan Gas Pipeline, Location Class = 4)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49

As per OTC Paper 6335 by A.C. Palmer, C.P.Ellinas, D.M. Richards and J.Guijt, 1990
Corroded pipe
Input Data
Pipe diameter, D
Nominal pipe thk, t
Corrosion Allowance
Design pressure, P
Steel density
Soil density, Y
Youngs modulas of steel, E
Poisson ratio, n
Thermal expansion, a
Installation (backfill) Temp, T1
Design Temp (U/G), T2
Pipeline Cover depth, H
Fluid density (0.65 s.g)
Uplift coefficient

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

1.219
0.0238
0.001
960
7850
1600
207000
0.3
0.0000117
13
60
1.2
0
0.1

Unit
m

39.37008

Conv.fact
39.37008

48
0.938

Unit
inch
inch

703.0696

674947

Kg/m 2

101971.62

2
2.1108E+10 kg/m

Pipe Properties
Pipe cross sectional area, A
Pipe Section modulus, I
Pipe flexural rigidity
Weight of pipe
Pipe contents sectional area
Weight of contents

=
=
=
=
=
=

/4(D2-d2)
/64(D4-d4)
EI
Sect area x L x density
/4(D-2xt)2
Sect area x L x density

Pipeline Axial force

(P) = A {0.5 Sh + E(T2-T1) - Sh }

Axial stress due hoop stress

Axial stress due to pressure
Thermal stress
So the Axial force (P)

=
=
=
=

(PD)/(2t)
0.5xSh
E(T2-T1)

m
PSI
Kg/m3
Kg/m3
Mpa

Per oC
o

m
Kg/m3 (Consider zero for conservative reason)

(for loose soil or 0.5 for dense material)

= 0.08581
= 0.01536
= 3.2E+08
673.583
= 1.08165
0

=
=
=
=

5179785
8632975
1.2E+07
1292296

Kg/m 2
Kg/m 2
Kg/m 2
kg

(+)
(-)
(-)

The required down force from OTC Paper

W = [1.16 4.76 (EI Wo / d)0.5 / P] P ( d Wo / EI) 0.5

Kg/m

The Uplift resistance from Soil & Pipe weight

Q = H x D x x [1+f x (H / D)]

Wo = Weight of Pipe + Contents

Condition for Stability = W < Wo + Q

Imperfection height
Req. Down force (W)
0.1
-2522.92
0.2
-2239.88
0.3
-2022.69
0.4
-1839.59
0.5
-1678.28

Uplift soil resistance(Q)

2339.39
2110.72
1885.25
1662.98
1443.90

50
51
52
53
54

m2
m4
kg-m2
Kg/m
m2
Kg/m

55
56
57

\\vboxsrv\conversion_tmp\scratch_3\[217024329.xls.ms_office.xls]48" has nc

Page 2 of 6

Wo
673.58
673.58
673.58
673.58
673.58

Q + Wo
3012.97
2784.30
2558.83
2336.56
2117.49

Stability
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable

ATTACHMENT - 2
Document No. 081113B-CL-302 Rev. B
Upheaval Buckling Calculation (48" RM2 Gas Pipeline, Location Class = 4)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49

As per OTC Paper 6335 by A.C. Palmer, C.P.Ellinas, D.M. Richards and J.Guijt, 1990
Non Corroded pipe
Input Data
Pipe diameter, D
Nominal pipe thk, t
Corrosion Allowance
Design pressure, P
Steel density
Soil density, Y
Youngs modulas of steel, E
Poisson ratio, n
Thermal expansion, a
Installation (backfill) Temp, T1
Design Temp (U/G), T2
Pipeline Cover depth, H
Fluid density (0.65 s.g)
Uplift coefficient

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

1.219
0.0159
0
600
7850
1600
207000
0.3
0.0000117
13
60
1.2
0
0.1

Unit
m

39.37008

Conv.fact
39.37008

48
0.625

Unit
inch
inch

703.0696

421842

Kg/m 2

101971.62

2
2.1108E+10 kg/m

Pipe Properties
Pipe cross sectional area, A
Pipe Section modulus, I
Pipe flexural rigidity
Weight of pipe
Pipe contents sectional area
Weight of contents

=
=
=
=
=
=

/4(D2-d2)
/64(D4-d4)
EI
Sect area x L x density
/4(D-2xt)2
Sect area x L x density

Pipeline Axial force

(P) = A {0.5 Sh + E(T2-T1) - Sh }

Axial stress due hoop stress

Axial stress due to pressure
Thermal stress
So the Axial force (P)

=
=
=
=

(PD)/(2t)
0.5xSh
E(T2-T1)

m
PSI
Kg/m3
Kg/m3
Mpa

Per oC
o

m
Kg/m3 (Consider zero for conservative reason)

(for loose soil or 0.5 for dense material)

= 0.06001
= 0.01086
= 2.3E+08
471.103
= 1.10744
0

=
=
=
=

4859617
8099362
1.2E+07
891022

Kg/m 2
Kg/m 2
Kg/m 2
kg

(+)
(-)
(-)

The required down force from OTC Paper

W = [1.16 4.76 (EI Wo / d)0.5 / P] P ( d Wo / EI) 0.5

Kg/m

The Uplift resistance from Soil & Pipe weight

Q = H x D x x [1+f x (H / D)]

Wo = Weight of Pipe + Contents

Condition for Stability = W < Wo + Q

Imperfection height
Req. Down force (W)
0.1
-1773.98
0.2
-1579.94
0.3
-1431.04
0.4
-1305.51
0.5
-1194.92

Uplift soil resistance(Q)

2339.39
2110.72
1885.25
1662.98
1443.90

50
51
52
53
54

m2
m4
kg-m2
Kg/m
m2
Kg/m

55
56
57

\\vboxsrv\conversion_tmp\scratch_3\[217024329.xls.ms_office.xls]48" has nc

Page 3 of 6

Wo
471.10
471.10
471.10
471.10
471.10

Q + Wo
2810.50
2581.82
2356.35
2134.08
1915.01

Stability
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable

ATTACHMENT - 2
Document No. 081113B-CL-302 Rev. B
Upheaval Buckling Calculation (48" RM2 Gas Pipeline, Location Class = 4)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49

As per OTC Paper 6335 by A.C. Palmer, C.P.Ellinas, D.M. Richards and J.Guijt, 1990
Corroded pipe
Input Data
Pipe diameter, D
Nominal pipe thk, t
Corrosion Allowance
Design pressure, P
Steel density
Soil density, Y
Youngs modulas of steel, E
Poisson ratio, n
Thermal expansion, a
Installation (backfill) Temp, T1
Design Temp (U/G), T2
Pipeline Cover depth, H
Fluid density (0.65 s.g)
Uplift coefficient

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

1.219
0.0159
0.001
600
7850
1600
207000
0.3
0.0000117
13
60
1.2
0
0.1

Unit
m

39.37008

Conv.fact
39.37008

48
0.625

Unit
inch
inch

703.0696

421842

Kg/m 2

101971.62

2
2.1108E+10 kg/m

Pipe Properties
Pipe cross sectional area, A
Pipe Section modulus, I
Pipe flexural rigidity
Weight of pipe
Pipe contents sectional area
Weight of contents

=
=
=
=
=
=

/4(D2-d2)
/64(D4-d4)
EI
Sect area x L x density
/4(D-2xt)2
Sect area x L x density

Pipeline Axial force

(P) = A {0.5 Sh + E(T2-T1) - Sh }

Axial stress due hoop stress

Axial stress due to pressure
Thermal stress
So the Axial force (P)

=
=
=
=

(PD)/(2t)
0.5xSh
E(T2-T1)

m
PSI
Kg/m3
Kg/m3
Mpa

Per oC
o

m
Kg/m3 (Consider zero for conservative reason)

(for loose soil or 0.5 for dense material)

= 0.05628
= 0.01021
= 2.2E+08
441.794
= 1.11117
0

=
=
=
=

4859617
8099362
1.2E+07
835588

Kg/m 2
Kg/m 2
Kg/m 2
kg

(+)
(-)
(-)

The required down force from OTC Paper

W = [1.16 4.76 (EI Wo / d)0.5 / P] P ( d Wo / EI) 0.5

Kg/m

The Uplift resistance from Soil & Pipe weight

Q = H x D x x [1+f x (H / D)]

Wo = Weight of Pipe + Contents

Condition for Stability = W < Wo + Q

Imperfection height
Req. Down force (W)
0.1
-1663.98
0.2
-1482.15
0.3
-1342.63
0.4
-1225.01
0.5
-1121.39

Uplift soil resistance(Q)

2339.39
2110.72
1885.25
1662.98
1443.90

50
51
52
53
54

m2
m4
kg-m2
Kg/m
m2
Kg/m

55
56
57

\\vboxsrv\conversion_tmp\scratch_3\[217024329.xls.ms_office.xls]48" has nc

Page 4 of 6

Wo
441.79
441.79
441.79
441.79
441.79

Q + Wo
2781.19
2552.51
2327.04
2104.77
1885.70

Stability
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable

ATTACHMENT - 3
Document No. 081113B-CL-302 Rev. B
Upheaval Buckling Calculation (24" DFO Pipeline, D.F = 0.72)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49

As per OTC Paper 6335 by A.C. Palmer, C.P.Ellinas, D.M. Richards and J.Guijt, 1990
Non Corroded pipe
Input Data
Pipe diameter, D
Nominal pipe thk, t
Corrosion Allowance
Design pressure, P
Steel density
Soil density, Y
Youngs modulas of steel, E
Poisson ratio, n
Thermal expansion, a
Installation (backfill) Temp, T1
Design Temp (U/G), T2
Pipeline Cover depth, H
Fluid density (0.65 s.g)
Uplift coefficient

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

0.610
0.0095
0
720
7850
1600
207000
0.3
0.0000117
13
60
1
0
0.1

Unit
m

39.37008

Conv.fact
39.37008

24
0.375

Unit
inch
inch

703.0696

506210

Kg/m 2

101971.62

2
2.1108E+10 kg/m

Pipe Properties
Pipe cross sectional area, A
Pipe Section modulus, I
Pipe flexural rigidity
Weight of pipe
Pipe contents sectional area
Weight of contents

=
=
=
=
=
=

/4(D2-d2)
/64(D4-d4)
EI
Sect area x L x density
/4(D-2xt)2
Sect area x L x density

Pipeline Axial force

(P) = A {0.5 Sh + E(T2-T1) - Sh }

Axial stress due hoop stress

Axial stress due to pressure
Thermal stress
So the Axial force (P)

=
=
=
=

(PD)/(2t)
0.5xSh
E(T2-T1)

m
PSI
Kg/m3
Kg/m3
Mpa

Per oC
o

m
Kg/m3 (Consider zero for conservative reason)

(for loose soil or 0.5 for dense material)

= 0.01796
= 0.00081
= 1.7E+07
140.958
= 0.27391
0

=
=
=
=

4859617
8099362
1.2E+07
266601

Kg/m 2
Kg/m 2
Kg/m 2
kg

(+)
(-)
(-)

The required down force from OTC Paper

W = [1.16 4.76 (EI Wo / d)0.5 / P] P ( d Wo / EI) 0.5

Kg/m

The Uplift resistance from Soil & Pipe weight

Q = H x D x x [1+f x (H / D)]

Wo = Weight of Pipe + Contents

Condition for Stability = W < Wo + Q

Imperfection height
Req. Down force (W)
0.1
-389.89
0.2
-273.47
0.3
-184.13
0.4
-108.82
0.5
-42.47

Uplift soil resistance(Q)

1007.42
882.69
761.15
642.82
527.68

50
51
52
53
54

m2
m4
kg-m2
Kg/m
m2
Kg/m

55
56
57

\\vboxsrv\conversion_tmp\scratch_3\[217024329.xls.ms_office.xls]48" has nc

Page 5 of 6

Wo
140.96
140.96
140.96
140.96
140.96

Q + Wo
1148.38
1023.65
902.11
783.77
668.64

Stability
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable

ATTACHMENT - 3
Document No. 081113B-CL-302 Rev. B
Upheaval Buckling Calculation (24" DFO Pipeline, D.F = 0.72)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24

25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49

As per OTC Paper 6335 by A.C. Palmer, C.P.Ellinas, D.M. Richards and J.Guijt, 1990
Corroded pipe
Input Data
Pipe diameter, D
Nominal pipe thk, t
Corrosion Allowance
Design pressure, P
Steel density
Soil density, Y
Youngs modulas of steel, E
Poisson ratio, n
Thermal expansion, a
Installation (backfill) Temp, T1
Design Temp (U/G), T2
Pipeline Cover depth, H
Fluid density (0.65 s.g)
Uplift coefficient

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

0.610
0.0095
0.001
720
7850
1600
207000
0.3
0.0000117
13
60
1
0
0.1

Unit
m

39.37008

Conv.fact
39.37008

24
0.375

Unit
inch
inch

703.0696

506210

Kg/m 2

101971.62

2
2.1108E+10 kg/m

Pipe Properties
Pipe cross sectional area, A
Pipe Section modulus, I
Pipe flexural rigidity
Weight of pipe
Pipe contents sectional area
Weight of contents

=
=
=
=
=
=

/4(D2-d2)
/64(D4-d4)
EI
Sect area x L x density
/4(D-2xt)2
Sect area x L x density

Pipeline Axial force

(P) = A {0.5 Sh + E(T2-T1) - Sh }

Axial stress due hoop stress

Axial stress due to pressure
Thermal stress
So the Axial force (P)

=
=
=
=

(PD)/(2t)
0.5xSh
E(T2-T1)

m
PSI
Kg/m3
Kg/m3
Mpa

Per oC
o

m
Kg/m3 (Consider zero for conservative reason)

(for loose soil or 0.5 for dense material)

= 0.0161
= 0.00073
= 1.5E+07
126.37
= 0.27577
0

=
=
=
=

4859617
8099362
1.2E+07
239009

Kg/m 2
Kg/m 2
Kg/m 2
kg

(+)
(-)
(-)

The required down force from OTC Paper

W = [1.16 4.76 (EI Wo / d)0.5 / P] P ( d Wo / EI) 0.5

Kg/m

The Uplift resistance from Soil & Pipe weight

Q = H x D x x [1+f x (H / D)]

Wo = Weight of Pipe + Contents

Condition for Stability = W < Wo + Q

Imperfection height
Req. Down force (W)
0.1
-349.95
0.2
-245.75
0.3
-165.79
0.4
-98.38
0.5
-39.00

Uplift soil resistance(Q)

1007.42
882.69
761.15
642.82
527.68

50
51
52
53
54

m2
m4
kg-m2
Kg/m
m2
Kg/m

55
56
57

\\vboxsrv\conversion_tmp\scratch_3\[217024329.xls.ms_office.xls]48" has nc

Page 6 of 6

Wo
126.37
126.37
126.37
126.37
126.37

Q + Wo
1133.79
1009.06
887.52
769.19
654.05

Stability
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable
Stable