INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

RF CIRCUIT DESIGN

LAB 1

MATCHING & IMPEDANCE TRANSFORMATION NETWORK

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

I$ OB)ECTIVES
To learn the basic of 2-elements lumped impedance matching/transformation method. To learn the interactive feature and the tuning capability of the dvance !esign "ystem # !"$ soft%are.

II$ INTRODUCTION
Matching network serves many purposes in high frequency circuits, among them are to: (1) Enable maximum power transfer between a source an loa network! "uch network is usually calle impe ance matching network! (#) $o tune the performance of the circuit by controlling the impe ance of the source or loa , for instance in low noise amplifier esign the source impe ance etermines the noise contribution of the amplifier! %n oscillator esign the loa impe ance will affect the oscillation frequency! %n this experiment, impe ance transformation principle will be emonstrate using the &'" software! $he convention for terms use in impe ance transformation is shown in (igure1! $he impe ance transformation network use is the ) impe ance transformation network! $he ) impe ance transformation approach uses two reactive components, an has two configurations, epen ing upon the values of source resistance * " an loa resistance *)! $he schematics an analytical expressions for the reactance an susceptance of the ) network are shown in (igure #! (or greater flexibility, we can use graphical metho employing the "mith chart, which can cater to transformation networks with more than two elements! $he complexity of the analytical expression grows exponentially with a itional component, an is not suitable when the impe ance transformation network contains more than + elements!

)s &mpedance Transformation 'et%or( &mage impedance )& *oad impedance

F*+u,! 1 ,%mpe ance transformation!

+s

)*

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

/0 /1 *) 2 /0)

(a) (or *)-*in

3% 4 *in 2 /0in

/0 /1 3% 4 *in 2 /0in *) 2 /0)

(b) (or *).*in

F*+u,! - , $he two configurations for ) impe ance transformation network!

(or *)-*in:

X = X in Rin ( RL Rin ) + B= ( RL Rin ) Rin X L X in RL + XRL

Rin # XL RL

(1) (#)

(or *).*in:

X = X L RL ( Rin RL ) + B= Rin RL Rin X L + X in RL + XRin

RL # X in Rin

(+) (5)

III$ E.UIPMENT AND PARTS LIST

&'" "oftware

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

IV$ PROCEDURES
PROCEDURE A / PRE0LAB
.$1! %f the 3% is matche to 3" at 567M89, compute the input impe ance 3% if 3"467 at 567M89!

.$-$ What is the input impe ance 3% if 3"4(67 : /57) at 567M89 an the 3% is matche to 3" at 567M89,

.$1$ 'esign a matching network : : ;hat is the input impe ance 3% if 3"4(+6 , /#7) at 567M89, the 3% is matche to 3" $he loa is mo ele by a +77 resistor in parallel with a 7!<# p( capacitor! &t 567M89, the loa impe ance 3) can be calculate as:
R 1 = Z L = R @@ j C 1 + j RC

= # 567 17 =

Z L = #7#!1<6# j157!=#>?

"ince *e( Z L ) = R L = #7#!1<6# > *e( Z s ) = Rs = +6 , 23n4*+u,a%*3n (a) of (igure #!# is use ! 'etermine the value of components of ) matching network

PROCEDURE B / VERIFY THE IMPEDANCE TRANFORMATION NETWORK BY ADS SOFTWARE 1! )og into workstation! #! *un the &'" version #77> software (you might use a newer version of the software)! +! (rom the main win ow of &'", create a new pro/ect fol er name A%mpe anceB$ransformC as shown in (igure +!

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

F*+u,! 1 , Dpening a new pro/ect in &'"! 5! $he new schematic win ow will automatically appear once the pro/ect is properly create ! Dtherwise you can manually create a new schematic win ow by ouble clicking the C,!a%! N!5 (26! a%*2 button on the menu bar! 6! (orm value of components obtaine in .$1, raw the schematic as shown in (igure 5! "ave the schematic as Aschematic1! snC! $he various components use in (igure 5 can be obtaine from the 7al!%%! l*(% of the raw schematic win ow as shown in (igure 5! ;e see from (igure 5 that this is an ":parameter simulation, requesting the software to calculate the ":parameters as seen from component T!, 1 at frequency 567 M89! =!

.e %ish to find s11 as seen from Term1

F*+u,! 8 , $he schematic!

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

F*+u,! 9 , $he pallete for lumpe components! ?! Eow run the simulation by clicking the button ! <! $he &'" software will automatically invoke a &a%a &*(7la: 5*n&35! $he ata isplay win ow is use to show the result of the simulation! Fou can also invoke the ata isplay win ow manually by clicking the button !

>! %nsert a "mith Ghart in the ata isplay win ow as shown in (igure =!

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

Glick this button to insert an 0:F plot Glick this button to insert a "mith chart 'isplay

area

"elect "(1,1) to show the s11 as measure from T!, 1 in the "mith chart

F*+u,! ; , %nserting a "mith chart in the isplay area! &lso shown are typically use buttons! >! Four "mith Ghart shoul look similar to the one shown in (igure =! Hse a Ma,<!r to isplay the complex value of the "11! Eote that both impe ance an a mittance coor inates are shown in the "mith Ghart!

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

Marker

$he value of "11 an impe ance as in icate by the Marker

Kosition of "11 in the "mith chart

F*+u,! = , $he "mith chart for "11 at 567 M89 as seen from component T!, 1! 11. Eow we also want to show the "11 of the require image impe ance 3% on the "mith chart! Ierify that the "11 of 3% 4 +62/#7! Eote that " 11 4 % , the reflection coefficient of the impe ance! $he equations are shown as below

PROCEDURE C / USING SMITH CHART UTILITY TO BUILD A MATCHING NETWORK E>a 7l!" D!(*+n %6! * 7!&an2! %,an(la%*3n 2*,2u*% *4 ?I@9AB ?L@9980CD--A 1! %n the current schematic, click on the comman s: T33l( E S *%6 C6a,% (this is the same as 'esignJui e - (ilter an then selecting the "mith Ghart Gontrol win ow)! #! Glick the Kalette icon shown here : this a your schematic! s the "mith Ghart palette with the "mith Ghart icon to

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

+! %n the schematic, insert the "mith Ghart Matching Eetwork component (also known as a "mart Gomponent) near the input of the amplifier , no nee to connect it , but it is require ! &lso, click DL when a message ialog appears!

5! Jo back to the "mith Ghart control win ow an type in the (req (J89) to 1!> as shown here!

6! %n the lower right corner of the "mith Ghart utility win ow, select the 3) component an type in the impe ance looking into the amplifier from the last simulation: 665: /M##7 as shown here an click Enter!

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

=! Eotice that the loa symbol on the "mith chart has relocate as shown here! Eext, select the (6un% 2a7a2*%3, from the palette an move the cursor on the "mith chart: when you get to the 67 Dhm circle of constant resistance, click to stop, as shown here (it oes not have to be exact for this exercise)!

?! Eext, select the (!,*!( *n&u2%3, an move the cursor along the circle until you reach the center of the "mith chart an then click! Eow you have a 67 Dhms match between the loa an source!

<! $o have the 'esignJui e buil the circuit, click the button on the bottom of the win ow: 1uil &'" Gircuit! Glick DL to any messages that appear!

>! Dn the schematic, push into the "mith Ghart component an you shoul see the network similar to the one as shown here! Fou values may be slightly ifferent which is DL! Kop out when finishe !

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

.$8$ 'esign transformation network if 3%4+62/#7, 3)4#7#!1<6 ,/M157!=# at 567M89! Gompare the impe ance translation network in N!5 with it in N!+! .$9$ 'esign an ) transformation network for the circuit 3in467, 3)4 177:/M+7! $he operating frequency is
#J89

F*+$-$a

.$;$ 'esign an ) transformation network for the circuit 3in467, 3)4 177:/M+7! $he operating
frequency is #J89

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

F*+$-$F

.$=$ 'esign an ) transformation network for the circuit 3in4672/M67, 3)4 177:/M#7! $he operating
frequency is #J89

F*+$-$2

.$G$ 'esign an ) transformation network for the circuit 3in4672/M67, 3 )4 177:/M#7! $he operating
frequency is #J89

F*+$-$&

.$H$ 'esign an $ transformation network for the circuit 3in467, 3 )4 #7! $he operating frequency is
#J89

.$1A$ Jiven the (ig!+, the Is4#cos(#17=t), 3" 467O, 3)4#7O

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (EE)

a! b!

Hsing &'" to etermine the power absorbe by the loa in case without the matching circuit! Hsing &'" to esign a ) matching circuit, an the matching circuit! etermine the power absorbe by the loa in case with

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