Chapter 20 Study Guide Vocabulary: Progressivism- A period of time whe groups of social activists became active a d decided that

they wished to further their society! "hey were divided o ma y issues but they progressed bli dly! Looking Backward- A boo# writte by $dward %ellamy that pictured America as a utopia u der the socialist regime! &t spurred progressive idealism! Muller v. Oregon- 'ome (s right Supreme Court case! &t limited wor# hours to )0 i *rego ! &t was a huge step towards e+uality! Lochner v. New York- A Supreme Court case over liberty of co tract: whether the hours of ba#ers could be limited or whether the ba#ers could accept ,obs that had them wor#i g )- hours a day a d made them capable of feedi g their families! .uc#ra#ers- /our alists who would do a ythi g for a story that e0posed the 1truth1 of America! "hey ofte i te ded to hurt a d harm people! 2evertheless3 it helped to wide aware ess! Settleme t house- 4ouses established i slums where the poor could commu icate a d e ,oy be efits otherwise u achievable i the dirty area! 4ull 4ouse- "he first settleme t house fou ded by /a e Addams! 5irect primary- Votes were made by the mass ot the caucus! & itiative- Allowed citi6e s to put co troversial topics o the ballot! 7ecall- Allowed citi6e s to remove poor gover me t officials from office! "ria gle Shirtwaist 8actory 8ire- A factory for ma#i g shirtwaists bur ed dow ! Amo g the deceased were )90 girls! "his led to better safety codes3 stro ger u io sta ces3 a d more wome (s rights! 2iagara .oveme t- "he leaders of the 2iagara .oveme t e couraged Africa America pride3 dema ded social a d political e+uality3 a d i sisted that their submissive tag be ta#e off! 2AACP- 2atio Associatio for the Adva ceme t of Colored People! &t was fou ded by .ary 'hite *vi gto 3 a white female3 who was sympathetic of the colored cause! &t accepted all members of the dyi g 2iagara .oveme t a d led the e+uality cause! "rust- .ergers betwee gia t compa ies of the same trade that created a mo opoly o goods! Sherma A ti-"rust Act- A y trust could be sued if they had a mo opoly! "he federal gover me t held the right to do so! 2orther Securities decisio - 7oosevelt i vestigated busi ess practices a d se t the decisio to Supreme Court! "he 2orther Securities Compa y was ordered to dissolve! S+uare 5eal- 7oosevelt(s ame for his program! &t esse tially was 7oosevelt(s a titrust program! $l#i s Act- 7oosevelt was truly the people(s Preside t! 4e pushed this through a d preve ted railroad compa ies from chargi g discrimi atory rates! 4epbur Act- "his gave the &CC the rights to set ma0imum rates! &t left some power to the 7epublica s! The Jungle- 'ritte by :pto Si clair i );0<! &t i te ded to show poor wor#i g co ditio s i meat factories but i stead showed the poor +uality of the meat!

.eat & spectio Act- & respo se to The Jungle! &t re+uired that meat be chec#ed a d i spected = o really>? a d led to the 85A! Pure 8ood a d 5rug Act- Same as above really but with food a d drugs! 2ewla ds Act- 8u ded irrigatio i the wester states! Pay e Aldrich tariff- @owered tariffs o goods e teri g America! &t was put i place by the 5emocrats a d "aft! %alli ger-Pi chot co troversy- Pi chot was o e of 7oosevelt(s me ! 4e accused %alli ger of esse tially steali g Alas#a la d a d resources! 'he "aft fired Pi chot for i subordi atio 3 public opi io tur ed agai st "aft! %ull .ouse campaig - & respo se to 'ilso (s electio i );)23 7oosevelt created the Progressive Party which was termed the %ull .oose party! : derwood "ariff- 5emocrat %ill that lowered tariffs from -0A to 29A3 targeti g i dustry! 8ederal 7eserve Act- Gave the atio a stro g ba #i g system that protected them from pa ics! 8ederal "rade Commissio Act- Created the 8ederal "rade Commissio which se t cease a d desist orders to a y compa y violati g a titrust laws! Clayto A ti-"rust Act- @oose ed the terms of the Sherma A titrust Act3 mea i g that it made it easier to persecute trusts! 8ederal 8arm @oa Act- @ow i terest credit system for farmers that was put i place by 'ilso ! Adamso Act- Gave railroad wor#ers a B hour wor#day! &t preve ted a atio wide stri#e 2ames to 7emember: /a e Addams- She fou ded 4ull 4ouse i Chicago3 the first settleme t house i America! She led the battle for better co ditio s for the poor i the ghettos a d slums of America! 8lore ce Celley- She was a #ey member of the 2AACP who helped to achieve a mi imum wage3 eight hour wor#day3 a d childre (s rights! '$% du %ois- 4e was a Africa America rights supporter! 4e dema ded e+uivale t civil rights a d established the 2iagara .oveme t! Charlotte Gilma - She was a utopia femi ist who wrote The Yellow Wallpaper which heavily i flue ced the femi ist moveme t! Carrie Catt- "oo# over 2A'SA a d remai ed Preside t duri g the time of suffrage! /!P! .orga - 5omi ated the ba #i g i America! 4e helped to e d several atio al pa ics a d federal debts with his loa s! 4e orga i6ed ma y mergers! 4e ry @loyd- A muc#ra#er! 4e primarily wrote about the Sta dard *il Compa y! 4is boo# was Wealth against Commonwealth! /acob 7iis- 4e was a muc#ra#er who u covered the dirty truth of America (s poverty! 4e used those fa cy cameras i the video a d raised aware ess of 2ew Dor# ghettos! @i col Steffe s- 4e was the biggest ame for muc#ra#ers! 4e helped to bri g political reform to America via his discoveries! &da "arbell- She was also a leader of i vestigative ,our alism or muc#ra#i g! She wrote The istor! o" the #tandard Oil Compan!! 7obert @a 8ollette- & flue tial politicia from 'isco si ! 4e refused political bribes a d sought to destroy all political machi es a d trustsE everythi g that de ied the people their

rights! 4e advocated direct primaries3 i itiatives3 a d recalls i order to give the people a greater voice i politics! "heodore 7oosevelt- Progressive Preside t! 4e was the first good Preside t i a lo g time! 4e was very a ti-trust a d did everythi g he could to destroy trusts! 4e got two terms a d was :pto Si clair- 4e wrote The Jungle which showed the horrid co ditio s of ot o ly the laborers of meat factories3 but also the horrid +uality of the meat itself! 'illiam "aft- "he ha dpic#ed successor of 7oosevelt! 4e was ot very good at bei g 7oosevelt(s successor3 i stead becomi g more 7epublica ! 'oodrow 'ilso - "his guy was a 5emocrat! 4e was also Preside t! 4e was the first Preside t i a lo g time! 4e lowered tariffs a d supported a lot of 5emocratic bills! 4e gave laborers what they wa ted! Fuestio s: )! * e source was 4e ry George(s $rogress and $overt! which showed the decrepit co ditio of the poor i compariso the wealthy! *ther sources were utopia visio aries who sought to better society i their ow way! 7eligio was a #ey factor as well as it saw a eed to help the poor to rise from their sta di g! 2! 7eform moveme ts typically targeted the poor a d the oppressed! "he poor would le d far greater stre gth to the moveme t while the oppressed would also add umbers =wome a d colored people?! G! .uc#ra#ers helped to e0pose the truths about ma y sca dals! "he public became far more aware of trusts a d political machi es! Additio ally3 they helped to e0pose situatio s that were u bearable such as the co ditio of the poor i 2DC! -! .a y wome provided big pieces to progressi g to society! /a e Addams established the 4ull 4ouse as well as ma y other settleme t houses! *ther wome wor#ed hard to obtai suffrage through milita t approaches a d peaceful egotiatio s! 9! Progressive reformers attac#ed old corruptio a d bribery! At the forefro t was 7obert @a 8ollete who democrati6ed electio s by givi g people more say i electio s! Cities a d states had higher ta0es a d better represe tatives as a co se+ue ce of more say! <! "he mai cause of gover me tal regulatio of railroads was 7oosevelt! 4e pushed the $l#i s Act through Co gress a d the he passed the 4epbur 7ailway Act! %oth the acts limited railroad power a d eve tually left the busi ess u der gover me t power! H! "rusts were esse tially the combi atio of lots of small =or large compa ies? i to a si gle e tity that domi ated a mar#et! "hey usually employed mo opolies over a certai good a d ofte times would crush a y other pote tial compa ies! "hey ,ustified their e0iste ce through Social 5arwi ism! B! "he Sherma A titrust Act was a early attempt of getti g rid of trusts but it was far too vague! 7oosevelt co ti ued o it a d destroyed ple ty of trusts! 4e bargai ed with trusts a d dissolved ma y! *thers he left i tact3 stati g that at the first sig of corruptio 3 he would war them a d the disma tle them! ;a! @aborers would be gra ted lots of rights u der 7oosevelt(s S+uare 5eal! "hey would first of all gai a B hour wor# day3 a mi imum wage3 a d lose the domi a t trusts! b! Goodbye! 4e disma tled trusts! 2ot all trusts were bad so he left the eco omy be efiti g trusts i place!

c! 4is passage of the .eat & spectio Act a d the Pure 8ood a d 5rug Act helped to i sure higher co sumer safety! d! 7oosevelt himself added )29 millio acres of atio al par# a d forest systems! 4e helped to establish the first atio al par#s a d helped to preserve America wilder ess! )0! "he 7epublica Party split i to 7oosevelt followers =or the Progressive Party? a d the 7epublica s! "hey split because of 7oosevelt(s stro g pull a d charisma! 'ilso 3 however3 wo the #ey issues such as eco omic freedom a d political liberty! & truth3 the two were fairly similar! ))! 4is 2ew 8reedom would have a stro g gover me t that was limited! &t lowered tariffs a d established the 8"C to i vestigate trusts! 4e gave i to labor co cer s a d accorded rights to wome 3 childre 3 a d laborers! )2! 'ilso sought to aid the poorer as his loweri g of tariffs =for farmers? a d his labor laws =laborers? show! 4e is a 5emocrat a d traditio ally has votes from the poor3 the farmers3 a d the labor parties!