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Aircrafts require landing gear for taxiing, takeoff, and landing. Initially
aircrafts used skids as its landing gear. Times after times, wheels were
attached to the skids. Since that time, various arrangements have been used
for wheels and structures to connect them to the airplane.
2. There are several types of landing gear which often being used on
aircraft. There are 6 most common type of landing gear used which are:
TRICYCLE
Tricycle gear is the most popular landing gear arrangements. The tricycle
undercarriage includes two main gears just aft of the center of gravity and a
smaller auxiliary gear near the nose. The main advantage of this layout is
that it eliminates the ground loop problem of the “taildragger”. This
arrangement is instead a stable design because of the location of the main
gear with respect to the center of gravity. As a result, a pilot has more
latitude to land safely even when he is not aligned with the runway.
QUADRICYCLE
Quadricycle gear are also very similar to the tricycle arrangement except
there are four main gear roughly equal in size and mounted along the
fuselage. Like tricycle gear, the quadricycle undercarriage also requires a
very flat attitude during takeoff and landing. This arrangement is also very
sensitive to roll, crosswinds, and proper alignment with the runway. The
most significant advantage of quadricycle gear is that the plane's floor can
be very close to the ground for easier loading and unloading of cargo.
However, this benefit comes at the price of much higher weight and drag
than bicycle gear.
CONVENTIONAL
Reference:
1. www.ask.com
2. www.dictionay.com
3. www.centennialofflight.gov
4. www.wikipedia.com