Names: Sioson, Jacquelyn Yvette G. (leader) Sy, Chelsea Mae Y. Tarrazona, Yssa Nicole S. Tolentino, Gerone Ann V.

Trinidad, Ma. Sofia Blanca D. Vallangca, Ma. Jessa Victoria M.

Group No.: 6 Section: 2GPH

Date Performed: 02/24/2014 Date Submitted: 03/03/2014

EXPERIMENT NO. 7 SPECIFIC HEAT OF METALS

Abstract: The group members obtained a copper cube and aluminum calorimeter. The mass of the copper cube and empty calorimeter were obtained by using the triple beam balance. The copper cube was then submerged in boiling water until its temperature reached 89.5C. After reaching that temperature, it was then transferred in the calorimeter half full of cold water with a temperature of 5.9C. The temperature of the cube inside the calorimeter was measured again after 60 to 90 seconds. The temperature changes and heat gained by the copper cube, calorimeter, and water were computed using the given formulas for each. Then, with the measured and computed data, we were able to compute the specific heat of the copper cube by dividing the heat given up by metal with the product of the temperature change of metal and its mass. The experimental specific heat of the copper cube is 0.0773 cal/gC. Question and Answer: 1. Define the following: a. Heat Heat is a form of energy which transfers among particles in a substance (or system) by means of kinetic energy of those particle. It flows due to a difference in temperature between two substances. b. Heat capacity Heat capacity is the amount of heat (usually expressed in calories, kilocalories, or joules) needed to raise the system's temperature by one degree (usually expressed in Celsius or Kelvin). 2. Why is it desirable to have the water a few degrees colder than room temperature when the initial temperature is taken? By having the initial water temperature below room temperature (by the same amount it will be above room temp. after the 'mixing' - and for the same time), an equal amount of heat will enter the cooler apparatus from the surroundings as leaves when it is warmer. This compensation improves the accuracy of the specific heat calculation. 3. Why is the mass of the outer shell of the calorimeter and the insulating ring not included in the data for this experiment? The mass of the outer shell of the calorimeter and the insulating ring have no effect on the temperature of the water so they are not needed in the data.

4. What does this experiment show about the specific heat of water? From the data gathered in this experiment, it was proven that water absorbs more amount of heat than the calorimeter since it has a higher specific heat. 5. How does heat conductivity of the metal used in this experiment affect the accuracy of the results? The heat conductivity of the metal may increase or decrease the accuracy of the results. The rate of heat conduction can be affected by the properties of metal such as surface area, nature, thickness, and specific heat. 6. Why should the hot metal be dry before it is introduced into the cold water? The hot metal should be dry before it is introduced into the cold water in order to maximize the direct contact between the surface of the metal and molecules of the water. This improves the heat exchange between them. 7. 837 calories of heat are required to heat 100 grams of copper from 10C to 100C. What is the specific heat of copper? Ccopper = Qcopper / (mcopper x Tcopper) = 837 cal / [100 g x (100C - 10C)] = 837 cal / (100 g x 90 C) = 0.093 cal/gC