Prerana Kiran Period 3 11/2/2013 Slot # 8 Chapter 12 Assessment Science # 11-14, 16-22, 24-25, 27, 29-34 11.

The net force acting on the crate is zero. Therefore the object stays in rest. 12. If 2 4-Newton forces act on an object in the same direction, the net force on the object is 4 N + 4 N, which is 8 N net force. 13. Yes, the five different forces acting on an object could be balanced, because the five forces could cancel each other out. The forces acting on the object could be like this:

14. When an unbalanced force acts on an object, the object accelerates. 15. Static friction was the stronger of the forces acting on the box. 16. Ball bearings reduce friction in machinery because the round set of balls inside the smooth surfaces roll as those surfaces move past each other, reducing friction by replacing sliding friction with rolling friction. 17. A falling object subjected to earths gravity does not continue to accelerate forever, because at high velocity, air resistance will be significant and can become balanced with the force of gravity, causing terminal velocity, where the object falls at constant velocity. 18. The difference between mass and weight is that mass is the amount of inertia in an object, while weight is mass * acceleration due to gravity (the force of gravity acting on an object). 19. An action-reaction pair is a pair of forces that work in according to Newtons third Law of Motion - when 1 object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force. 20. In order to determine which of 2 vehicles that are traveling with same velocity, has the greater momentum, you need to know the mass of the vehicles. The vehicle with the more mass has more momentum. 21. The force responsible for your socks sticking together after they have been in a clothes dryer

is the electric force. 22. The strong nuclear force acts on particles in the atoms nucleus (protons and neutrons), while the weak nuclear force can act on all particles in an atom, but over a significantly smaller range. 23. The Suns {centripetal} force of gravity is responsible for the orbits of the planets in the solar system. 24. It is better to aim above the bulls eye when shooting an arrow at a target because of projectile motion. Even though you launch it towards the target, the force of gravity pulls on the arrow, making it drop, so it is best to aim above the bulls eye so that when the arrow dips, it hits the correct target. 25. The tennis player practicing by hitting a ball against a wall is making use of newtons third law of motion, because according to it, forces act in pairs, so whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first object. In this case, the tennis player exerts a force on the tennis ball, causing it to hit the wall, and in turn the wall exerts a like force on the ball, causing it to bounce back so the player can hit it again. 26. The weight and mass of an object differs between the earth and the moon. Weight = mass * acceleration due to gravity, so the weight of the object on the moon is proportionally small in relation to the earth, but the mass stays the same because it doesnt change. 27. The acceleration of the object when a 3-Newton force acts on it is 0.6 m/s 2, and the mass is 5 kg.

28. The relation between the rocks inertias is that the 10 kg rock has 10 times more inertia, mass, and weight, than the 1 kg rock. 29. The convertible top of a sports car being up or down is related to the cars fuel economy. The top being up results in more air resistance, thus increasing the force the car must give in order to keep moving at the same speed, which it achieves by burning more fuel. When the hood is down, there is less air resistance, and the car has to burn less fuel to move at the same rate.{ more aerodynamic}. 30. The acceleration of an object can be increased by decreasing the mass of the moving object, or by increasing the force applied. 31. a = F m a = 25 N a = 25 (kg * m/s 2) 100 kg 100 kg a = 0.25 m/s 2 deceleration = 0.3 m/s2

32. p = m * v

p = 80 kg * 2.5 m/s

momentum = 200 kg * m/s w = 294 (kg * m/s 2) *

33. weight = m * acc.due to gravity w = 30 kg * 9.8 m/s 2 w = 294 N weight of girl = 290 N

34. The hovercraft can achieve speeds greater than those of ordinary boats. This is possible because since it does not directly contact the water, it has to overcome the fluid friction of air, which is much lower and less dense than the fluid friction of water.