Renewables&WasteQuestionnaire

UNECE/EUROSTAT/EEAWorkshoponWasteStatistics Geneva,1113April
YasminaAbdelilah InternationalEnergyAgency

OECD/IEA2010

OVERVIEW
Renewableandwasteenergyintheworld Classificationanddefinitionsrenewableandwaste

energysourcesinenergystatistics Howthedataiscollected:Renewables&Waste questionnaire Ongoingchallenges

GeneralIssues WasteIssues RegionalIssues
OECD/IEA2010

TOTALPRIMARYENERGYSUPPLY 2009
Renewableandwasteenergyaccountfor13%ofglobalTPESin2009 World
Oil 32.8%
Nuclear 5.8%

Renewables&Waste
Wind 1.5% Solar,Tide 0.9% Biogases 1.4% Biofules& Waste 76.5% Solidbiofuels /charcoal 69.4% Liquidbiofuels 3.3%

Hydro2.3% Renewables & Waste 13%

Biofuels

Geothermal 3.8%

& Waste 10.2%

NaturalGas 20.9%

Coal 27.2%

Other Renewables 0.8%

Hydro 17.3%

Waste 2.4%

12,150Mtoe

1617Mtoe

Wasteenergyaccountsforlessthan1%ofglobalTPESin2009
OECD/IEA2010

ShareofRenewableandWasteenergybyRegion, 2009

100% 90% 80% 49.0% 70% 60% 31.5% 11.8% 26.9% 7.9%

4.1%

0.3%

13.3% Renewables& Waste

Nuclear

Gas 50% 40% Oil 30% 20% Coal 10% 0% Africa Latin America Asia(excl. China(and China) HongKong) OECD NonOECD Middle East Europe and Eurasia World

Shareofrenewablesandwasteenergyvariesbyregion
OECD/IEA2010

TPESRENEWABLESANDWASTE1990 2009
Steadygrowthinrenewableandwasteenergyglobalsupplysince 1990 1800
1600 1400 1200 1000 NonOECDEurope 1617 Mtoe andEurasia Middle East

1129Mtoe
TotalPrimary EnergySupply (Mtoe)
800 600 400

LatinAmerica

China(P.R.of China andHong Kong) Africa

OECDTotal 200 0 Asia(excluding China)

OECD/IEA2010

GlobalTrendsinElectricityProduction
1973 2009

6,115TWh

20,055TWh
OECD/IEA2010

Globalelectricitygenerationmorethantriplesin36years

WORLDFUELSHARESOFELECTRICITY
1973 2009

6,115TWh

20,181TWh

RenewablesandWastearebeingincreasinglyusedforpowergeneration
OECD/IEA2010

MostIEAmember countriesincreased theuseofcombustiblerenewables andwaste in industry.Their combined share rosefrom 4%to8%. Two examples include theextensiveuseofbiomass (wood wastes andresidues)inthepulp andpaper industry andincreased useofwaste inother sectors (e.g.used tyres inthebeing thedelocalisation ofenergyintensivesectors such cement industry).

OECD/IEA2010

HowdoestheIEAcollectitsData?

Coal

Oil
Renewables and Waste

Natural Electricity and Gas Heat

OECD/IEA2010

Thedatacollectioncycle
NationalStatistical Office(s)

August September

March: EnergyBalance
OECD/IEA2010

AfocusonRenewablesandWaste
Renewables andWaste
Combustible
NonCombustible
Primaryenergyform: HEAT
Primaryenergyform: ELECTRICITY

Biofuels

Waste

LiquidBiofuels

IndustrialWaste

SolarThermal

Hydro

Biogases

MunicipalWaste

Geothermal

Wind

SolidBiofuels

Renewable

NonRenewable

Solar Photovoltaics

Tide/Wave/Ocean
OECD/IEA2010

COMBUSTIBLES:BIOFUELSANDWASTE
Industrial Wastes Municipal Solid Wastes Exports Wood/ Wood Wastes/ Other solid wastes Collection / Production Direct Use

Stock Build

Electricity Production

Energy Transformation

Heat Production

Charcoal Landfill Gas Sewage sludge gas Other biogas Biogasoline

Blended with conventional energy forms

Imports

Stock Draw

Steam Hotwater Heating

Biodiesels Other liquid biofuels

Cooking
OECD/IEA2010

INDUSTRIALWASTE
Industrial Wastes IndustrialWaste (e.g.tyres)consistsofsolid,liquid,orgaseous productscombusteddirectly usuallyinspecialisedplants,toproduce heat and/orpower andthatarenotreportedinthecategorysolid biomass(i.e.notrenewable)

Tires

ChemicalIndustryWastes

TailGas

IndustrialWastes=NonRenewable Biofuels=RenewableIndustrialWastes (i.e.solidbiofuels,liquidbiofuels,orbiogases)

OECD/IEA2010

MUNICIPALSOLIDWASTE
Municipal Solid Wastes Consistsofthemunicipalwasteproductsthatarecombusteddirectly to produceheat and/orpower. Itcompriseswasteproducedbytheresidential, commercialandpublicservicessectorsthatiscollectedbylocalauthoritiesfor disposalinacentrallocation,includinghospitalwaste.

HouseholdWastes Commercial/PublicServices Wastes

HospitalWastes

Renewable Biodegradable

NonRenewable NonBiodegradable
OECD/IEA2010

SOLIDBIOMASS
Solid Biomass SolidBiomass coversorganic,nonfossilmaterialofbiologicalorginwhichmaybeusedasfuelfor heatproductionandelectricitygenerationortransformationintootherproducts.

Wood/ Wood Wastes/ Other solid wastes

Wood/WoodWastes/OtherSolidWastes coverswood,vegetalwaste,woodwaste, animalmaterials/waste,andsulphitelyes(blackliquor). Other Solid Wastes

Wood

Wood Wastes

Vegetal Waste

Black Liquor

Charcoal

Charcoal coversthesolidresidueofthedestructivedistillationandpyolysisof wood/othermaterial.Itisconsideredasecondaryenergyproductandis treateddifferentlythanwoodintheAQ.

OECD/IEA2010

LIQUIDBIOFUELS
Liquid Biofuels LiquidBiomass(Bioliquids)includesfuelsandbioadditivessuchas biogasoline,biodiesel,andotherliquidbiofuels.

Biogasoline

Biodiesels

Other Liquid Biofuels

Bioethanol Biomethonal

Vegetable/animaloil

onlytobeblendedwith petroleumproductsand usedfortransport

OECD/IEA2010

BIOGASES
Biogases Biogas isderivedprincipallyfromtheanaerobicfermentationofbiomassandsolidwasteandis combustedtoproduceheat and/orpower .

Landfill Gas

Sewage sludge gas

Other biogas

LandfillGas coversgas formedbythedigestion oflandfilledwaste.

SewageSludgeGas coversgas producedfromtheanaerobic fermentationofsewagesludge.

OtherBiogascoversgassuchas biogasproducedfromthe anaerobicfermentationof animalslurriesandofagrofood breweries.

OECD/IEA2010

Renewables andWaste
Combustible
NonCombustible
Primaryenergyform: HEAT
Primaryenergyform: ELECTRICITY

Biofuels

Waste

LiquidBiofuels

IndustrialWaste

SolarThermal

Hydro

Biogases

MunicipalSolid Waste

Geothermal

Wind

SolidBiofuels

MSW Renewable

MSW NonRenewable

Solar Photovoltaics

Renewableportionsofindustrialwasteclassifiedaccordingtobiofuelswhichbestdescribethem

Tide/Wave/Ocean
OECD/IEA2010

STRUCTUREOFANNUALQUESTIONNAIRE
Table1:GrossElectricityandHeatProduction Table2:Supply,Transformation,EnergySectors,

EndUse
Table3:TechnicalCharacteristicsofInstallations

NetMaximumCapacity(electricity) SolarCollectorsSurface LiquidBiofuelsPlantsCapacity AverageNetCalorificValues

Table4:ProductionofWood,WoodWastes,

andOtherSolidWastes

OECD/IEA2010

TABLE1.GROSSELECTRICITY ANDHEATPRODUCTION

Typeof Plant

Typeof Producer

Sourcesof electricityand heat

OECD/IEA2010

TABLE2.SUPPLY,TRANSFORMATION, ENERGYSECTORSANDENDUSE
MUNICIPAL WASTE Geothermal Energy Country TJ (NCV) 2009 Indigenous Production Total Imports (Balance) Total Exports (Balance) Stock Changes (National Territory) Inland Consumption (Calculated) Statistical Differences Transformation Sector Main Activity Producer Electricity Plants Main Activity Producer CHP Plants Main Activity Producer Heat plants Autoproducer Electricity Plants Autoproducer CHP Plants Autoproducer Heat plants Patent Fuel Plants (Transformation) BKB Plants (Transformation) Gas Works (Transformation) For Blended Natural Gas For Blending to Motor Gasoline/Diesel Charcoal Production Plants (Transformation) Non-specified (Transformation) Energy Sector Gasification Plants for Biogas Own Use in Electricity, CHP and Heat Plants Coal Mines Patent Fuel Plants (Energy) Coke Ovens (Energy) Petroleum Refineries BKB Plants (Energy) Gas Works (Energy) Blast Furnaces (Energy) Charcoal Production Plants (Energy) Non-specified (Energy) Distribution losses Total Final Consumption Final Energy Consumption Industry Sector Iron and Steel Chemical (including Petrochemical) Non-Ferrous Metals Non-Metallic Minerals Transport Equipment Machinery Mining and Quarrying Food, Beverages and Tobacco Paper, Pulp and Printing Wood and Wood Products Construction Textiles and Leather Non-specified (Industry) Transport Sector Rail Road Domestic Navigation Non-specified (Transport) Other Sectors Commercial and Public Services Residential Agriculture/Forestry Fishing Non-specified (Other) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A TJ (NCV) B TJ (NCV) C TJ (NCV) D TJ (NCV) E TJ (NCV) F 1000 tonnes G TJ (NCV) H TJ (NCV) I TJ (NCV) J tonnes K tonnes L tonnes M Solar Thermal Industrial Waste (nonrenewable) Renewable Non-Renewable SOLID BIOMASS Wood/Wood Wastes/Other Solid Wastes Charcoal Landfill Gas BIOGAS Sewage Sludge Gas Other Biogas Biogasoline LIQUID BIOFUELS Biodiesels Other Liquid Biofuels

13energyproducts 60flowsdividedinto6sections Supply TransformationSector EnergySector IndustrySector TransportSector OtherSectors

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

DataiscollectedinTJ ona NetCalorificBasis(NCV)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

OECD/IEA2010

TABLE2:COMMODITYBALANCEFORMAT
Transformation Secondary Energy

Exports Geothermal

Stock Build

Solar thermal Indigenous Production Biofuels

Wastes Imports Stock Draw

EnergySector

Transport Final Consumption Industry Residential Commercial Agriculture

OECD/IEA2010

Supply

Demand

TransformationSector Inputs Table2

IndustrialWaste (TJ)

OutputsTable1
Heat (TJ) Electricity (MWh)

Outputs Inputs

Inputsofprimaryenergythatgettransformedtosecondaryenergy OutputsofElectricity(MWh)andHeat(TJ)arecollectedinTable1 Efficienciesofeachtypeofplant(electricity,CHP,andheat)atthesectorallevel canbecalculatedwiththedata

OECD/IEA2010

TABLE2.SUPPLY,TRANSFORMATION, ENERGYSECTORSANDENDUSE
MUNICIPAL WASTE Geothermal Energy Country TJ (NCV) 2009 Indigenous Production Total Imports (Balance) Total Exports (Balance) Stock Changes (National Territory) Inland Consumption (Calculated) Statistical Differences Transformation Sector Main Activity Producer Electricity Plants Main Activity Producer CHP Plants Main Activity Producer Heat plants Autoproducer Electricity Plants Autoproducer CHP Plants Autoproducer Heat plants Patent Fuel Plants (Transformation) BKB Plants (Transformation) Gas Works (Transformation) For Blended Natural Gas For Blending to Motor Gasoline/Diesel Charcoal Production Plants (Transformation) Non-specified (Transformation) Energy Sector Gasification Plants for Biogas Own Use in Electricity, CHP and Heat Plants Coal Mines Patent Fuel Plants (Energy) Coke Ovens (Energy) Petroleum Refineries BKB Plants (Energy) Gas Works (Energy) Blast Furnaces (Energy) Charcoal Production Plants (Energy) Non-specified (Energy) Distribution losses Total Final Consumption Final Energy Consumption Industry Sector Iron and Steel Chemical (including Petrochemical) Non-Ferrous Metals Non-Metallic Minerals Transport Equipment Machinery Mining and Quarrying Food, Beverages and Tobacco Paper, Pulp and Printing Wood and Wood Products Construction Textiles and Leather Non-specified (Industry) Transport Sector Rail Road Domestic Navigation Non-specified (Transport) Other Sectors Commercial and Public Services Residential Agriculture/Forestry Fishing Non-specified (Other) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A TJ (NCV) B TJ (NCV) C TJ (NCV) D TJ (NCV) E TJ (NCV) F 1000 tonnes G TJ (NCV) H TJ (NCV) I TJ (NCV) J tonnes K tonnes L tonnes M Solar Thermal Industrial Waste (nonrenewable) Renewable Non-Renewable SOLID BIOMASS Wood/Wood Wastes/Other Solid Wastes Charcoal Landfill Gas BIOGAS Sewage Sludge Gas Other Biogas Biogasoline LIQUID BIOFUELS Biodiesels Other Liquid Biofuels

Wood

44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

13energyproducts Geothermal Solarthermal IndustrialWaste MSW Renewable MSW NonRenewable Wood/woodWastes/OtherSolidWastes Charcoal LandfillGas Vegetal Sewage SludgeWood Gas Black Liquor Wastes Waste OtherBiogas Biogasoline Biodiesel OtherLiquidBiofuels
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0

Other Solid Wastes

0

OECD/IEA2010

TABLE2:COMMODITYBALANCEFORMAT
Exports Stock Build Transformation Secondary Energy

Wood/Wood Wastes/Other Solid Wastes

Indigenous Production

EnergySector

Transport Final Consumption Industry

Imports

Stock Draw

Supply

Demand

Residential Commercial Agriculture

OECD/IEA2010

TABLE4:PRODUCTIONOFWOOD/WOOD WASTES/OTHERSOLIDWASTES
Onlyproductioniscollectedforindividualagriculturalresiduesandwood

Wood/Wood Wastes/Other Solid Wastes

Indigenous Production

Wood

Vegetal Waste

Wood Wastes

Black Liquor

Other Solid Wastes

OECD/IEA2010

INTERRELATIONSHIPOFQUESTIONNAIRES

Electricity production

Electricity Electricityand and Heat Heat Questionnaire questionnaire Table 1 Table 1

Table 1 Table 1 Gross Gross Electricity Electricity and andHeat Heat Production Production

Heat production

Table 3 Table 4 Technical Technical Characteristics Characteristics of ofthe the Installations Installationsat at the theend endof ofthe the Year year

Capacity

Electricity Electricityand and Heat Heat Questionnaire questionnaire Table 7a 7A Table

Liquid biofuels

Natural NaturalGas Gas questionnaire questionnaire Table Table11

Biogases

Table 2 Table 2 Supply, Transformation, Supply, Transformation and Energy Sectors Energy Sectors+ and Energy end use = Transformation Energy + Distribution =Losses Transformation + Energy + Distribution + Final Energy Consumption Losses + Final Energy Consumption

Oil Oil Questionnaire questionnaire Table 1 1 Table Coal Coal Questionnaire questionnaire Table 1 Table 1

Renewables as binding agents

Table Table46 Production Production of of Wood Wood / /Wood WoodWaste Waste/ / Other OtherSolid SolidWaste Waste

OECD/IEA2010

DATAQUALITYCHECKS

Integers,negativenumbers,sums Percentagedifferenceswithprioryear Comparisonstootherquestionnaires Calorificvalues Statisticaldifference Transformationefficiencyrates Shiftsinproductclassification Breaksinseries

OECD/IEA2010

USEOFTHEDATA
RenewableInformationbook Electroniconlinefiles Energybalances CO2 emissions DatasupportforotherIEAdivisions/otherorganizations Countryreviews Analysis Assessingsecurityofsupply Evolutionofefficiencies Environmentalimpacts Makingpolicyandbusinessdecisions
OECD/IEA2010

ONGOINGCHALLENGES
GeneralChallenges:
Lackofresourcesallocatedtostatistics Lackofexpertise

ChallengesSpecifictoRenewablesandWaste
Notallrenewableandwasteenergiesflowthrough conventionalsystems Scatteredproduction/consumptiondata Multitudeofindividualsmallinstallations Lackofstandardizedestimationmethodology

OECD/IEA2010

ChallengeswithWaste
DistinctionbetweenIndustrialWasteandMunicipalSolidWaste

datamaynotbeavailableuntillateryears
Datacollectionsystemswerenotinplaceuntilearly1990s

IEAmethodologyconsidersIndustrialWasteandMSW

Renewable>NonRenewable
Distinctionisimportantbecausethenonrenewablecomponentis countedwhencalculatingCO2emissions Somecountriesmayincludeitfortheirnationaltargets

SplitMSWintoRenewable&NonRenewableParts:
Renewable

MunicipalWaste

?
NonRenewable
OECD/IEA2010

ChallengeswithWaste
SplitMSWintoRenewable&NonRenewableParts:
Renewable

MunicipalWaste

?
NonRenewable

IEAestimateassumes50/50splitwhenthesplitisunknown Mostcountriesfollowthisassumptionifunknown Somecountrieshaveothermethodstodeterminethesplit:

Anassumptionof:70/30 Surveysdoneatonepointintimetoassessthesharethatwerecarried throughinlateryears(Canada)
OECD/IEA2010

ScopeofWaste crossesseveralQuestionnaires
DefinitionofWaste isonlyaportionoftheresiduesfromall economic activity
Waste

IndustrialWaste

MunicipalWaste

Products outside the scopeof energy statistics

Coal Manufactured Gases Other Oil Products i.e. Syngas Chemical Heat Other: waste heat?

Biogases

Wood Wastes

Vegetal Waste

Other Solid Wastes

Black Liquor

Residuesfromtheforestry, paper,andagriculturalindustries

Residuesfromother manufacturingindustries
OECD/IEA2010

TOTALPRIMARYENERGYSUPPLY 2009
Other Oil Products i.e. Syngas

EnergyfromWastesislikelyhigherthanthedefinition ofwastewithinenergystatistics
Biogases Solid Biofuels
Nuclear 5.8%

World
Oil 32.8%

Renewables&Waste
Wind 1.5% Solar,Tide 0.9% Biogases 1.4% Biofules& Waste 76.5% Solidbiofuels /charcoal 69.4% Liquidbiofuels 3.3%

Hydro2.3% Renewables & Waste 13%

Biofuels

Geothermal 3.8%

& Waste 10.2%

NaturalGas 20.9%

Coal 27.2%

Other Renewables 0.8%

Hydro 17.3%

Waste 2.4%

Chemical Heat Other: waste heat?

Coal Manufactured Gases

12,150Mtoe

1617Mtoe
OECD/IEA2010

Geographical CoverageofQuestionnaireUse OECD* UNECE

ECCA NonOECDEurope Balkans NonECCA FSU
COUNTRY
ALBANIA LATVIA BELARUS BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA BULGARIA ROMANIA ARMENIA AZERBAIJAN MOLDOVA CROATIA MALTA LITHUANIA MONTENEGRO FYROM CYPRUS SERBIA GEORGIA KAZAKHSTAN KYRGYZSTAN TAJIKISTAN TURKMENISTAN UKRAINE UZBEKISTAN QUESTIONNAIRE

X X

*RUSSIA

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X*

X X*
OECD/IEA2010

RegionalOnGoingChallenges(#1)
Communication maintainingcontactsisdifficult NocontactforTajikistan,Turkmenistan,Uzbekistan Languagebarriers(EnergybalancesprovidedinRussian) FSUstatisticalsystemused,difficultiestodisaggregateand matchtointernational(IEA,EU,etc.)systems Someconsumptionisnotforenergyuse Russia&Ukraine difficultiestodeterminethebreakdownof electricityandheatfromcombustiblefuels EnergybalancesprovidedinRussian(unitsinmtce) UncoveredRegions Autonomousregionsleadstofragmentationincoverage
OECD/IEA2010

RegionalOnGoingChallenges(#2)
Needforexpertise Needforresources Lackofstaff,funds,computerresources Problemsobtainingdata Lackoflegislation,claimsofdataconfidentiality, Problemscollectingnoncommercialdata(e.g.solid

biomass)
Toomanyindividualstosurvey,lackofcredible extrapolationmethodsfromsurveydata,marketistoo volatile

OECD/IEA2010

EffortstoBuildCapacityandExpertise
Trainingandcapacitybuilding 1. TwoAnnualtrainingsperyearattheIEA (MarchandOctober) 2.CentralisedTraining Balkanscountries 3. ConsultingTraining INOGATE ECCAcountries 4.One to one UkrainestatisticianscametoParis,2011 IEAheldatrainingsessionforRussia,2012
OECD/IEA2010

EffortstoBuildCapacityandExpertise
Manuals
The Joint IEA/Eurostat Energy Statistics Manual
The Manual is now available in 10 languages and widely used all around the world

OECD/IEA2010

EffortstoBuildCapacityandExpertise
Harmonisationamonginternationalorganisations:

UN FAO OAPEC WORLD BANK

OPEC

Agreementonharmoniseddefinitions(includingRenewablesand Waste)reachedattheendof2010after5yearsofcollaboration
OECD/IEA2010

EffortstoBuildCapacityandExpertise
InternationalRecommendationsforEnergyStatistics(IRES)
The IRES Manual (UNSD and Oslo City Group)
(in cooperation with the IEA and many organisations and countries)
UN Statistics Commission decided to use InterEnerStat definitions as the basis for IRES

February,2011
OECD/IEA2010

THANK YOU
RenewAQ@iea.org

OECD/IEA2010