ECE206 Version No.: Prerequisite: 1.

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Signals and Systems

L T P C 3 0 0 3

MAT101 Multivariable Calculus and Differential Equations

Objectives: Study of characteristics of fundamental signals like unit impulse, unit step, Ramp and exponentials. To study various operations on the signals. Study of systems as linear, time invariant, causal and stable ones. Introduction of concept of linear convolution and correlation for LTI systems. Study of different forms and properties of Fourier transform. Study of utility of Fourier transform for analysis of signals passed through systems. Laplace Transform as a tool for analysis of continuous systems. Z-transform as a tool for analysis of discrete systems. Expected Outcome 1. Differentiate between various types of signals like unit impulse, unit step, ramp and exponentials. 2. Understand the concepts of damped sinusoids and periodicity. 3. Study the concept of even and odd signals. 4. Study the concept of stability of a system. 5. Study the use of Fourier series and Fourier transform for analysis of continuous signals. 6. know about power spectral density of signals. Unit I Continuous Time Signals Signal classification Dirac delta Types of signals: unit step, ramp, sign and exponential functions Operations on signals Analogy between vectors and signals Concept of linearly dependent and independent vectors, Cauchy Swartzs inequality Orthogonality Mean square error Computation of moments, energy, power, periodicity, LP, L2, and L, Norms of signals Fourier series Fourier transform and its properties Time-Bandwidth product Fourier transform of periodic and power signals power and energy spectral densities Auto and cross correlation of periodic and aperiodic signals. Unit II Continuous Time Systems Systems defined by differential equations-Classification of systems Linearity and time invariance Transmission of signals through LTI systems Convolution Impulse response Frequency response Ideal filters Distortion less transmission Bandwidth Rise time Hilbert transform Pre and complex envelopes Band pass signals through band pass systems. Unit III Discrete Time Signals and Systems Continuous to Discrete signal conversion (sampling)-Unit impulse, step, ramp, and exponential signals Periodicity of signals Operations on signals Linear Shift Invariant (LSI) system Stability Causality Convolution and Correlation Linear constant coefficient difference equation Impulse response Discrete time Fourier transform Properties Transfer function System analysis using DTFT. Unit IV The Z-Transform Derivation and definition ROC Properties Linearity, time shifting, change of scale, Zdomain differentiation, differencing, accumulation, convolution in discrete time, initial and final

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value theorems Poles and zeros in Z-plane The inverse Z-transform System analysis Transfer function - BIBO stability System response to standard signals Solution of difference equations with initial conditions. Unit V Laplace Transform Definition ROC Properties Inverse Laplace transform the S-plane and BIBO stability Transfer functions System response to standard signals Solution of differential equations with initial conditions. Textbooks: 1. Alan V. Oppenheim, Alan S. Wilsky, with S. Hamid Nawab, "Signals and Systems", PrenticeHall of India, 2nd Edition, 2010. 2. M.J.Roberts, "Signals and Systems", Tata McGraw-Hill, 2006. Reference Books: 1. Simon Haykin Signals and Systems, John Wiley Pub. Ltd, New Delhi. 2008. 2. Simon Haykin, "Communication Systems", Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi. 3. Ashok Ambardar, "Analog and Digital Signal Processing", Thomson Learning Inc. 4. B.P.Lathi, "Signals, Systems and Communications", B.S. Publications, 2006. Mode of Evaluation: CAT- I & II, Quizzes, Assignments/ other tests, Term End Examination.

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