Kristallnacht Crystal Night or Night of the Broken Glass On November 9th and 10th 1938 a pogrom was conducted

throughout Germany and Austria. It was officially presented as a spontaneous outburst provoked by the assassination of a secretary of the German embassy in Paris by a seventeen-year-old Polish Jew. The name Kristallnacht refers to the broken shop windows of Jewish stores.

Nazis Smash, Loot, and Burn Jewish Shops and Temples until Goebbels Calls Halt Otto D. Tolischus New York Times November 10, 1938 Berlin, Nov 10 w!ve o" #estruction !n# lootin$ un%!r!lle# in &erm!n' since the Thirt' Ye!rs (!r swe%t over &erm!n' to#!' !s N!tion!l )oci!list thu$s took ven$e!nce on *ewish sho%s, o""ices, !n# s'n!$o$ues "or the mur#er b' ! 'oun$ +olish *ew o" ,rnst von -!th, thir# secret!r' o" the &erm!n ,mb!ss' in +!ris. Be$innin$ s'stem!tic!ll' in the e!rl' mornin$ hours in !lmost ever' town !n# cit' in the countr', the wreckin$, lootin$, !n# burnin$ continue# !ll #!'. .u$e but mostl' silent crow#s looke# on !n# the %olice con"ine# themselves to re$ul!tin$ tr!""ic !n# m!kin$ wholes!le !rrest o" *ews /"or their own %rotection.0 ll #!' the m!in sho%%in$ #istricts !s well !s the #ie streets o" Berlin !n# m!n' other %l!ces he!r# the sh!tterin$ o" sho% win#ows "!llin$ to the %!vement, the #ull thu#s o" "urniture !n# !%%li!nces bein$ %oun#e# to %ieces !n# the cl!mor o" "ire bri$!#es rushin$ to burnin$ sho%s !n# s'n!$o$ues. lthou$h sho% "ires were 1uickl' %ut out, s'n!$o$ue "ires were merel' ke%t "rom s%re!#in$ to !#2oinin$ buil#in$s. s "!r !s coul# be le!rne# the violence w!s m!inl' con"ine# to %ro%ert'. lthou$h in#ivi#u!ls were be!ten, re%orts so "!r tell o" the #e!th o" onl' two %ersons ! *ew in +ol3in, %omer!nis, !n# !nother in Bun3#or". The tot!l #!m!$e "rom the #!'4s outbre!ks w!s worse even th!n those o" the 1918 revolution !n# b' ni$ht"!ll there w!s sc!rcel' ! *ewish sho%, c!"5, o""ice, or s'n!$o$ue in the countr' th!t w!s not wrecke#, burne# severel', or #!m!$e#. "ter the #estruction, +ro%!$!n#! 6inister *ose%h &oebbels issue# the "ollowin$ %rocl!m!tion7 /The un#erst!n#!ble !n$er o" the &erm!n %eo%le over the cow!r#l' *ewish mur#er o" ! &erm!n #i%lom!t in +!ris w!s the re!son "or l!st ni$ht4s riotin$. 8n numerous cities !n# towns o" the -eich ret!li!tor' !ction h!s been un#ert!ken !$!inst *ewish buil#in$s !n# businesses. Now ! strict re1uest is issue# to the entire %o%ul!tion to ce!se imme#i!tel' !ll "urther #emonstr!tions !n# !ctions !$!inst *ewr', no m!tter wh!t kin#. "in!l !nswer to the *ewish !ss!ssin!tion in +!ris will be $iven to *ewr' b' w!' o" le$isl!tion !n# or#in!nce.0 (h!t this le$!l !ction is $oin$ to be rem!ins to be seen. 8t is known, however, th!t me!sure to e9%el "orei$n *ews !re !lre!#' bein$ %re%!re# in the 8nterior 6inistr', !n# some towns, like 6unich, h!ve or#ere# !ll *ews to le!ve within "ort':ei$ht hours. ll *ewish or$!ni3!tion, cultur!l, !n# %ublishin$ !ctivit' h!s been sus%en#e#. 8t is !ssume# th!t the *ews, who h!ve know lost most o" their %ossessions !n# livelihoo#, will either be thrown into the streets or %ut into $hettos !n# concentr!tion c!m%s, or "orce# into l!bor bri$!#es !n# %ut to work "or the Thir# -eich, !s the chil#ren o" 8sr!el were once be"ore "or the +h!r!ohs.

8n !n' c!se, !ll #!' in Berlin, !s throu$hout the countr', thous!n#s o" *ews, mostl' men, were bein$ t!ken "rom their homes !n# !rreste# in %!rticul!r %rominent *ewish le!#ers, who in some c!ses, it is un#erstoo#, were tol# the' were bein$ hel# !s host!$es "or the $oo# beh!vior o" *ewr' outsi#e o" &erm!n'. 8n Bresl!u the' were hunte# out even in the homes o" non:*ews where the' mi$ht h!ve been hi#in$. Berlin %!%ers !lso mention m!n' cities !n# towns in which it is re%orte#, s'n!$o$ues were r!i#e# !n# burne# !n# sho%s were #estro'e#. But in $ener!l the %ress re%orts onl' loc!l #estruction so !s to #is$uise the n!tion!l e9tent o" the outbre!k, the "ull s%re!# o" which will %rob!bl' never be known. &ener!ll' the crow#s were silent !n# the m!2orit' seems $r!vel' #isturbe# b' the %rocee#in$s. Onl' members o" the wreckin$ s1u!#s shoute# occ!sion!ll', /+erish *ewr';0 !n# /<ill the *ews;0 !n# in one c!se ! %erson in the crow# shoute#, /(h' not h!n$ the owner in the win#ow=0