API Standards for Heat Transfer Equipments

API Title Standard API-530 Calculation of Heater-tube Thickness in Petroleum Refineries API-534 Heat Recovery Steam Generators Description Design procedures and criteria used for calculating the required wall thickness of new tubes and associated component fittings for petroleum refinery heaters. Procedures are appropriate for designing tubes for corrosive and non-corrosive applications. Guidelines for the selection and/or evaluation of Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) systems. The document indicates areas of design that need attention for HRSG system selection and offers information of various HRSG types. Guidelines for the selection and/or evaluation of burners installed in fired heaters in general refinery services. This document indicates design areas that need attention for selection of burners and offers description of different burner types. This API standard offers mechanical description along with operation, maintenance, and test procedures of post-combustion NOx control equipment. The document discusses the Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction and Selective Catalytic Reduction methods of post-combustion NOx reduction. Guide for the selection, design, specification, operation and maintenance of flares and related combustion and mechanical components used in pressure-relieving and vapor depressurizing systems for petroleum. Guidelines for the design, materials, fabrication, inspection, testing, preparation for shipment, and erection of fired heaters, air preheaters, fans and burners for general refinery service.

API-535

Burners for Fired Heaters in General Refinery Services

API-536

Post Combustion NOx Control for Equipment in General Refinery Services

API-537

Flare Details for General Refinery and Petrochemical Service Fired Heaters for General Refinery Services

API-560

API-573

Inspection of Fired Boilers and Heaters

API-660

API-661

API-662 Part I

API-662

This API standard covers the inspection practices for fired boilers and process heaters (furnaces) used in petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants. Shell-and-tube Heat Guidelines for the mechanical design, material selection, Exchangers fabrication, inspection, testing and preparation for shipment of shell-and-tube heat exchangers for the petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries. this API standard is applicable to heaters, condensers, coolers and reboilers, but not applicable to vacuum-operated steam surface condensers and feed-water heaters. Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers Guidelines for the design, materials, fabrication, inspection, for General Refinery Service testing and preparation for shipment of air-cooled heat exchangers for use in the petroleum and natural gas industries. Plate Heat Exchangers for Guide for the mechanical design, materials selection, fabrication, General Refinery Services inspection, testing, and preparation for Part IPlate-and-Frame Heat shipment of plate-and-frame heat exchangers for use in Exchangers petroleum industries, applicable to gasketed, semi-welded and welded plate-and frame heat exchangers. Plate Heat Exchangers for Guide for mechanical design, materials selection, fabrication,

Part II

General Refinery Services Part IIBrazed Aluminum Plate-fin Heat Exchangers

inspection, testing, and preparation for shipment of brazed aluminum plate-fin heat exchangers used in petroleum industries.

API Standards for Pressure Relieving Systems

API Title Standard API-520 Sizing, Selection, and Installation Part I of Pressure-Relieving Devices in RefineriesPart I, Sizing and Selection Description Guide for sizing and selection of pressure relief devices used in petroleum related industries for equipments with maximum allowable working pressure of 15 psig greater. The document is intended for protection of unfired pressure vessels and equipments against overpressure from operation or fire. Pressure relief valves or rupture disks may be used independently or in combination with each other to provide the required protection against excessive pressure accumulation Guide for installation of pressure relief devices used in petroleum related industries for equipments with maximum allowable working pressure of 15 psig greater. This API standard specifies requirements and gives guidelines for determining overpressure causes, relieving rates for pressure relieving and vapor depressurizing systems in petroleum related industries. The standard also discusses selection and design of disposal systems, including such component parts as piping, vessels, flares, and vent stacks. The standard covers specifications for flanged steel pressure relief valves (PRVs) by presenting basic requirements such as orifice designation and area, valve size, pressure rating, materials etc. for direct spring-loaded pressure relief valves and pilot-operated pressure relief valves.

API-520 Part II API-521

Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-Relieving Devices in RefineriesPart II, Installation Guide for Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems Petroleum petrochemical and natural gas industriesPressure relieving and depressuring systems Flanged Steel Pressure-relief Valves

API-526

API-527

Seat Tightness of Pressure Relief Describes methods of determining the seat tightness of metal- and Valves soft-seated pressure relief valves (PRVs), including those of conventional, bellows, and pilot-operated designs. API-576 Inspection of Pressure-relieving Describes the inspection and repair practices for automatic pressure Devices relieving devices commonly used in the oil and petrochemical industries. This API standard covers pressure relief valves, pilotoperated pressure relief valves, rupture disks, and weight-loaded pressure-vacuum vents, with regards to inspection and repair. API-2000 Venting Atmospheric and Low- Guide for normal and emergency vapor venting requirements for pressure Storage Tanks above ground petroleum and petroleum product storage tanks, above Petroleum, petrochemical and ground and underground refrigerated storage tanks. The tanks natural gas industriesVenting of discussed in the document are designed for low pressures ranging atmospheric and low-pressure from full vacuum through 15 psig. This API standard discusses storage tanks causes of overpressure and vacuum, venting requirements, means of venting, selection, and installation of venting devices and testing and marking of relief devices etc for storage tanks.

API Standards for Tanks

Following table lists the API standard which are relevant to design, operation and maintenance activities for petroleum and petroleum product storage tanks. API Title Standard API-620 Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low Pressure Storage Tanks API 650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage API-651 Cathodic Protection for Above Ground Petroleum Storage Tanks API-652 Lining of Above Ground Petroleum Storage Tanks API-653 Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction Description Guide for construction of tanks with internal pressures up to 15 psig. For large tanks which are assembled in field and are used for storage of petroleum intermediates and petroleum products. This document governs the construction of tanks storing hydrocarbon products at low operating pressure (up to 2.5 psig). Discussion on corrosion problems in above ground petroleum storage tanks and associated piping. Plus description of two commonly used methods of providing cathodic protection against corrosion. Guide effectively limiting corrosion by lining the tank bottom, for hydrocarbon storage tank made of steel. Guidelines are given regarding lining materials, their applications, inspection of tank bottom lining etc. Guideline for inspection, repair, alteration, and reconstruction of above ground hydrocarbon and chemical storage tanks, made of steel. Minimum requirements for maintaining the integrity of welded or riveted, nonrefrigerated, atmospheric, above ground storage tanks, are discussed. Guide for normal and emergency vapor venting requirements for above ground petroleum and petroleum product storage tanks, above ground and underground refrigerated storage tanks. The tanks discussed in the document are designed for low pressures ranging from full vacuum through 15 psig. Guide for preparing, emptying, isolating,ventilating, atmospheric testing, cleaning, entering into, hotwork and recommissioning activities in, on and around atmospheric and low-pressure (up to 15 psig) above ground storage tanks containing flammable, combustible or toxic materials.

API-2000 Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks

API-2015 Cleaning Petroleum Storage Tanks

API-2517 Evaporating Losses from External Floating Roof Tanks API-2519 Evaporating Losses from Internal Floating Roof Tanks

Guide for estimating the total evaporation losses or atmospheric hydrocarbon emissions from external floating roof tanks containing multicomponent hydrocarbon mixtures or single component storage stocks. Summary of performances of internal floating covers to prevent evaporation losses. Effects of internal floating covers on tank operation as well as the provisions for gaging, sampling, and temperature reading are described in the document. API-2350 Overfill Protection for Covers overfill protection for all aboveground storage tanks in petroleum Petroleum Storage Tankss facilities, including refineries, terminals, bulk plants and pipeline terminals that receive Class I (flammable) or Class II (combustible) liquids. API-2550 Measurements and Procedures for calibrating upright cylindrical tanks which are larger than a Calibration of Petroleum drum or a barrel. Procedures for making measurements are discussed in Part Storage Tanks I of the document and methods of calculating the tank volume are given in Part II.