C 141 (Experiment. No. ___) NAME : ____________________________________ ROLL No.

: ________________________________ SIGNAT RE : _______________________________

BATCH : _______ !ATE : ________

!ETERMINATION O" THE RATE CONSTANT "OR THE ACI!#CATAL$%E! H$!ROL$SIS O" METH$L ACETATE AIM To determine the rate constant for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of methyl acetate. THEOR$ Methyl acetate undergoes hydrolysis, in the presence of an acid (HCl, for example), to give acetic acid and methyl alcohol. H CH!C""CH! H#" $ CH!C""H CH!"H %n the presence of an acid, this reaction should &e of second order, since t'o molecules are reacting. (ut, it is found to &e first order. This may &e explained in the follo'ing 'ay ) The rate of the reaction is given &y &x ' &t ( )* +CH,COOCH,- + H.O 'here *+ is the rate constant (or specific rate constant). ,ince 'ater is present in large excess, its active mass (molar concentration) virtually remains constant during the course of the reaction. Therefore, its active mass gets included in the constant, and the a&ove e-uation reduces to ) &x ' &t ( )1 +CH,COOCH,Thus, the rate of the reaction is determined &y one concentration term only (that is, &y a single po'er of the concentration term only). Hence, the reaction is first order. ,uch reactions are also referred to as pseudo first order reactions. The progress of the reaction (hydrolysis of ester) is follo'ed &y removing a definite volume of the reaction mixture, at definite intervals of time, cooling it in ice, and titrating the acetic acid formed against al*ali, 'hich has already &een standardized. The amount of al*ali used is e-uivalent to the total amount of hydrochloric acid present originally and the amount of acetic acid formed in the reaction. The amount of acetic acid formed (x), at definite intervals of time (t), can &e o&tained. The amount of acetic acid formed, at the end of the reaction, is e-uivalent to the initial concentration (a) of the ester. ,uppose the volumes of the sodium hydroxide solution (titre value) re-uired for neutralization of . ml of the reaction mixture are ) (i) at the commencement of the reaction is /o (ii) after time (t) is /t (iii) at the end of the reaction is /0 Then ) x (amount of acetic acid formed after time ) is proportional to (/t -/o ). a (initial concentration of ester) is proportional to (/0 -/o ). 1a 2 x3 (concentration of ester present after time t) is proportional to (/0 -/o ) - (/t -/o ) 4 ( /0 -/t ) The first order rate expression given &y ) a *5 4 #.!6! log --------t 1a 2 x3 (/0 -/o ) *5 4 #.!6! log --------t (/0 -/t ) Hence, the rate constant (*5) could &e calculated. 'ould correspond to )

MATERIALS RE/ IRE! Methyl acetate, HCl, 7a"H, 6.57 standard "xalic acid, phenolphthalein, thermostat, reagent &ottles, conical flas*, &urette, pipette (56 ml, . ml, # ml), ice. 0ROCE! RE Step I: ,tandardization of 7a"H using standard "xalic acid(6.57) 5.56ml of given 6.57 standard "xalic acid is pipetted out into a 566ml conical flas*. #.This solution is titrated against the given un*no'n concentration of 7a"H using phenolphthalein indicator until the end point is colorless to pale pin*. !.Ta&ulate the values and repeat the titration for concurrent readings and determine the un*no'n concentration of supplied 7a"H solution. T123e 1 8888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888 ,.7o /olume of "xalic 9cid (urette :eadings (ml) /olume of 7a"H consumed (ml) ta*en (ml) %nitial ;inal 8888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888 5 # ! 8888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888 (HC"")# 75 /5 4 7# /# (7a"H)

Concentration of 7a"H, 7# 4 888888888888888 Step II: ,tandardization of HCl using 7a"H solution. 5. # ml of given HCl is pipetted out into a 566ml conical flas*. #. This solution is titrated against the 7a"H using phenolphthalein indicator until the end point is colorless to pale pin*. !. Ta&ulate the values and repeat the titration for concurrent readings and determine the un*no'n concentration of supplied HCl solution. T123e . 888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888 ,.7o /olume of HCl (urette :eadings (ml) /olume of 7a"H consumed (ml) ta*en (ml) %nitial ;inal 888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888 5 # ! 888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888 (7a"H) 7# /# 4 7! /! (HCl)

Concentration of HCl, 7! 4 88888888888888

Step III: <etermination of rate constant (*5) for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of methyl acetate. 5. 566 ml of given HCl ('hose strength is determined in step %%) solution is ta*en in a stoppered reagent &ottle. #. . ml of methyl acetate solution is added to the HCl solution. 7ote the time 'hen half of the methyl acetate solution is added. The mixture is sha*en 'ell. !. =ipette out . ml of the reaction mixture and discharge it into .6 ml of ice cold 'ater *ept in a conical flas*. >. Titrate the reaction mixture against 7a"H solution using phenolphthalein as indicator. This titre value corresponds to / o. .. ,teps ! and > are repeated at intervals of ., 56, 5., #6, !6, >., ?6 minutes. @ach titre value corresponds to /t . ?. The remaining solution is ta*en in a stoppered conical flas* and heated to ?6 oC, and *ept at this temperature for . minutes. A. The solution is allo'ed to cool to room temperature. B. :epeat ,teps ! and >. This titre value corresponds to /0 till concurrent values are o&tained. C. =lot a graph of log (/0 -/t ) versus time (t) and determine the slope. 56. :eport the theoretical and graphical value of rate constant (*5). T123e , ,.7o Time (min)

/olume of solution ta*en (ml)

(urette :eadings (ml) %nitial ;inal

/olume of 7a"H consumed (ml)

(/0-/t) (ml)

log(/0-/t)

(/0 -/o) *5 4 #.!6! log --------t (/0 -/t) (min-5)

5 # ! > . ? A B C

6 (/6) . (/t5) 56 (/t#) 5. (/t!) #6 (/t>) !6 (/t.) >. (/t?) ?6 (/tA) /0

OBSER4ATIONS AN! CALC LATIONS :oom Temperature 4 DD....... oC E /0 4 DD.. ml E /o 4 DD.. ml E (/0-/o) 4 DD.. ml E log(/0-/o) 4 ...............

Mean /alue of :ate Constant (*5) 4 8888888888888888888 RES LTS 5. ,trength of 7a"H ,olution 4 8888888888888888888 5. ,trength of HCl ,olution 4 8888888888888888888 #. :ate Constant (*5) for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of methyl acetate (CH!C""CH!) at D. oC 4 888888888888888888888 (theoretical). 4 888888888888888888888 (graphical). !. Comment on the nature of the graph. ,ignature (F./.,.G%:%,H.)