Customer Training Material

W k h 6A Workshop Stress Relaxation

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. Release 13.0 December 2010

WS6A-1

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation

Goal

Customer Training Material

Predict rate dependent stress relaxation of structure using an implicit time hardening implicit creep model.

Model Description
C-Clamp assembly consisting of a 3D solid body meshed with tetrahedral elements to represent the clamp and a line body meshed with beam elements to represent the bolt
Bolt tied to the clamp body via fixed joints at each end. C-Clamp

Bolt

Materials:
Rate dependent structural steel for clamp High g strength g rate independent p steel for bolt
ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved. Release 13.0 December 2010

WS6A-2

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation

Model Description (contd)
Materials:

Customer Training Material

Bolt: Rate independent structural steel Clamp: Rate dependent structural steel that relaxes according to the following Modified Time Hardening formula:

C1 t e cr = (C3 + 1)

C 2 C3 +1 C 4 /T

Where: C1 = 2e-10, C2=1, C3=1.5, C4 = 0, metric units (N, mm)

Load specifications:
10,000N bolt pretension loading for 150 seconds

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS6A-3

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation

Steps to Follow:
Restore Archive browse for file W6a-creep.wbpz

Customer Training Material

Save as
File name: W6a-creep Save as type: Workbench Project Files (*.wbpj) ( .wbpj)

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS6A-4

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation

The project Schematic should look like the picture to the right.
From this Schematic, you can see that Engineering (material) Data and Geometry have already been defined (green check marks). It remains to define the rate dependent creep material properties, set up and run the FE model in M h i l Mechanical

Customer Training Material

Highlight the Engineering Data Cell and open by clicking on the Right Mouse Button (RMB)=>Edit. Verify that the units are in Metric(Tonne,mm,..) system. If not, fix this by clicking on Utility Menu=>Units=>Metric(Tonne Menu=>Units=>Metric(Tonne, mm mm,..) )

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS6A-5

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation

Define the creep material model
Highlight the Default Structural Steel material and RMB=>Duplicate to create a separate p material model. Rename this new material Creep With the new Creep material model highlighted, highlighted go to the Toolbox and insert a Modified Time Hardening creep model from the Creep folder. The Engineering Data page should now look as shown

Customer Training Material

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS6A-6

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation

Define the creep material model (contd)

Customer Training Material

Set the Reference Length Unit to mm Using the constant values from page WS6A-3 fill in the data table accordingly

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS6A-7

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation

R Return t t to th the P Project j tS Schematic h ti Refresh project

Customer Training Material

Double click on the Model Cell C to open the FE Model ( (Mechanical Session) (or RMB=>Edit)

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS6A-8

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation

Unit > Metric (mm,kg,N,s,mV,mA)

Customer Training Material

Once inside the Mechanical application, verify the working unit system Open the folders beneath the model branch to become familiar with the model set-up. set up
Expand Geometry branch and note the two different body types (solid body for the clamp, line body for the bolt). Expand the Connections branch and note the two fixed joints designed to connect the ends of the bolt to the faces of the clamp by way of constraint equations automatically. The pinball is sized to represent the extent of bolt head and nut interface with the clamped surfaces.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS6A-9

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation

Customer Training Material

Highlight the Solid body representing the clamp and change material assignment to the Creep model

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS6A-10

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation

Loads and Boundary conditions.

Customer Training Material

The back face of the clamp body is fixed. A bolt pretension load is applied to the line body over two load steps
LS 1 calculates the adjustment needed in bolt shank length to produce user defined bolt load LS2 locks the adjustment into the bolt via constraint equations .

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS6A-11

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation

Customer Training Material

Highlight the Analysis Settings branch,set number of load steps to 2 and define the Solution Control specifications as shown for each load step. Note:
LS1 establishes the static stress state in one substep at time zero (=1e-006 (=1e 006 s) with the Creep Effects turned Off. LS2 activates the creep calculation (end time =150 s) over several substeps, allowing bisections if/when creep strain exceeds 10 times the elastic strain.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS6A-12

Release 13.0 December 2010

ANSYS Mechanical Structural Nonlinearities

Workshop 6A: Stress Relaxation

Execute the solve
This run should converge without trouble, but might take a few minutes depending on hardware. Note the development in creep strain as indicated by nonzero values reported for creep ratio in the solver output during the run.

Customer Training Material

After Solution is complete, Post process results (displacement, stress, strain,etc)

Insert Equivalent Creep Strain Notice how the Equivalent Creep Strain increases (as expected) over time, while the bolt load and equivalent stress dissipates as the structure relaxes. Animate various results over time to confirm these effects.

ANSYS, Inc. Proprietary 2010 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.

WS6A-13

Release 13.0 December 2010