Chapter 1: OVERVIEW AND COMPARISSON OF TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGIES

1. Define trenchless technology methods. - Trenchless technology techniques include methods of pipeline and utility installations with a minimum amount of surface excavation. They offer fewer trenches, less footprint, environmentally friendly and less impact construction. 2. Describe 6 benefits of trenchless technology methods. a. Minimize the need to disturb existing conditions. b. Use predetermined paths reducing the steering and control problems associated with new routing. c. Require less space underground, minimizing the chances of interfering with exiting utilities or abandoned pipes. d. Provide an opportunity to upsize a pipe without open trench construction. e. Require less exposed working area, and therefore, are safer for both workers and the community. 3. Compare trenchless construction and trenchless renewal methods and give five examples of each. - Trenchless construction includes all methods for new utility and pipeline installations where a new pipeline or utility is installed. Trenchless renewal methods include all methods of renewing, rehabilitating, and/or renovation an existing, old or host pipeline or utility system. 4. Describe the microtunneling method. - Microtunneling equipment is designed for lines 36" or smaller and are usually remotely controlled and accurate monitoring systems used for the installation of gravity pipelines such as sanitary or storm sewers. 5. Describe the CIPP method. - Cured in place pipe involves the insertion of a resin impregnated felt tube into an existing pipe by water or air and then heated to cure the resin and develop a new liner inside an old existing pipeline. 6. Compare pipe jacking and utility tunneling. - Pipe jacking and utility tunneling require workers inside the borehole during excavation and/ or temporary support installation process. Pipe jacking is different since it uses prefabricated pipe sections during the tunnel excavation. In utility tunneling a temporary support structure is constructed from the excavation face from either wooden lagging tunnel liner plates or steel ribs. 7. List and describe the different methods of horizontal earth boring (HEB). a. Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD). Steerable systems for installation of both small and large diameter pipelines. Two stage process that consists of drilling a pilot hole then following through with the desired diameter pipe. b. Pipe Ramming Methods (PR). Mainly used for installation of utilities for road and railroad crossings. This process hammers a pipe inside the earth for a drive pit. c. Compaction Methods (CM). Mainly used for installation of small diameter conduits (less than 8") under roads and streets. A pipe is pushed or pulled through the earth causing a borehole. d. Pilot tube microtunneling (PTMT). This method combines the accuracy of microtunneling, the steering mechanism of directional drill, and the spoil removal system of an auger boring machine. This system uses cameras and diodes to secure high accuracy in line and grade. Used for smaller diameter pipes at 300' or less. e. Microtunneling methods (MTM).Used mainly for installation of gravity pipelines such as sanitary or storm sewer. This is a laser guided, remotely controlled, and accurate monitoring and adjusting system.

8. Recommend a pipeline construction method (TCM) for the following conditions. Explain why you recommend this method: a. 36-in diameter pipe. b. 500 ft drive length crossing and interstate. c. Gravity application. There are many aspects to be considered in the determination of the type of system to be utilized for installation of a pipeline. For this project it is assumed that this is a 36" gravity flow sewer line that must be placed under an existing crossing. Minimal social impact is a consideration as well as reduced time frame. In this situation is appears that a Horizontal Auger Boring system would be the most effective. This system contains a relatively small footprint, can drill up to 600 feet accurately at almost any depth and provides a completed pipeline that is double walled and structurally sound. 9. Recommend a pipeline renewal method (TRM) for the following conditions. Explain why you recommend this method: a. 24-in diameter pipe. b. Pressure pipe. c. Minimum installation length of 2000 ft. d. Structural application. With the abundance of pipeline renewal methods available there seems to be one which stands out for this project and that would be the CIPP method. Since the line to be replaced is a minimum of 2000 feet this seems to be the best available option. The existing structure will be reinforced with the new lining and should be able to withstand the same if not more structural boundaries.