MAA 161 STATISTICS FOR SCIENCES STUDENTS

Solutions of Tutorial 11

1. Let X be the number of the heads obtained when the three coins are tossed
0
H : X~B(3, 0.5)
1
H : This is not the case
Use
2
_ distribution. When o = 0.05 with df = 3, the critical value of
2
_ is 7.815
( ) 125 . 0
2
1
2
1
0
3
0
3 0
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= = P X
( ) 375 . 0
2
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1
3
1
2
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= = P X
( ) 375 . 0
2
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2
3
2
2
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= = P X
( ) 125 . 0
2
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2
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3
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3
0 3
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= = P X
No. of heads
i
O
i
P
i
E
( )
i
i i
E
E O
2

0 3 0.125 9 4
1 10 0.375 27 10.7037
2 17 0.375 27 3.7037
3 42 0.125 9 121
407 . 139
2
= _
Since 139.407 > 70815, reject
0
H .
We conclude that the coins are not balanced.

2.
0
H : The way people obtain information is independent
1
H : This way people obtain information is not independent
Use
2
_ distribution. When o = 0.05 with df = 2, the critical value of
2
_ is 5.991
Television Newspaper Other Sources Total
High School 159 (139.5) 90(99) 51(61.5) 300
College 27(46.5) 42(33) 31(20.5) 100
Total 186 132 82 400

2
_ = 21.3467
Since 21.3467 > 5.991, reject
0
H
We conclude that the way people obtain information is not independent.

3.
0
H : The claim that the proportions of those are willing to participate are equal.
1
H : The claim that the proportions of those are willing to participate are not equal.

Use
2
_ distribution. When o = 0.01 with df = 2, the critical value of
2
_ is 9.210
Mall A Mall B Mall C Total
Will participate 52 (44.3333) 45 (44.3333) 36 (44.3333) 133
Will not participate 40 (47.6667) 47 (47.6667) 56 (47.6667) 143
Total 92 92 92 276

2
_ = 5.6016
Since 5.6016 <9.210, do not reject
0
H
We conclude that the claim that the proportion of those who are willing to
participate are equal.