11-7 Force Analysis of Spur Gears Gear Free Body Diagrams

3 b w3 pressure angle f w2 a 2 pitch circle Tb3 line of action f F23 Fa2 a Ta2 2 b F32 3 Fb3

Resolve applied force into radial and tangential directions

F32 f Fa2
r t

F32 Fa2 a Ta2 Fa2

t

F32 2

t Transmitted Load Wt = F32

Constant speed situation T = d Wt 2 T = Ta2

If we let the pitch line velocity be V = d 2,

1

Power = Force Velocity In SI units: Wt = where - Wt = tangential force in N or kN - H = power in W or kW - = rotational speed in rpm - d = diameter in mm Note that the formula above takes into account the unit conversions In MathCAD, you can use Wt = in whatever units you select. MathCAD will take care of units, as long as you specify units for all variables. In US units: H= where - Wt = tangential force in lbf - H = horsepower in HP - V = tangential speed in ft/min = - d = diameter in in
2

(60)(1000)H d

2H d

T Wt V = 33000 63000

d 12

- = rotational speed in rpm We also have 63000H The radial force acting on the gear is given by T = Wr = Wt tan The total force acting on the gear is Wt W = cos Example Shaft a has a power input of 75 kW at a speed of 1000 rpm counterclockwise. Gears have a module of 5 mm and a 20 pressure angle. Gear 3 is an idler (to change direction of the output). Find the force F3b that gear 3 exerts on shaft b Find the torque T4c that gear 4 exerts on shaft c

4 c 51T

3 b

34T

a 2
3

T 17T

Pitch diameters gear 2: d2 = gear 3: d3 = gear 4: d4 = Wt t F32 r F32 F23 = = = =

F32 F32
r t

F32

Gear 3 is an idler so it transmits no power to its shaft

F43 F43 Fb3 b
y t

F43 Fb3 Fb3

x

F23 F23
t

F23

t F43 =

Hence
r F43 =

for equilibrium
t t Fbx 3 F23 F43 = 0 r r Fby3 + F23 F43 =0

Fby3 = 0 kN

F3b = in the x direction only

Tc4

Fc4 c

Fc4 Fc4
x

F34 w4

F34 F34
t

Tc 4 Tc 4

t F34 d4 =0 2 =