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API RP 571:CONTENTS
Now we will look at the second group of damage mechanisms covered by API 571
4.2.3 Temper Embrittlement 4.2.7 Brittle Fracture 4.2.9 Thermal Fatigue 4.2.14 Erosion/Erosion-Corrosion These are mainly low 4.2.16 Mechanical Fatigue temperature ,fairly 4.3.2 Atmospheric Corrosion 4.3.3 Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) straightforward corrosion 4.3.4 Cooling Water Corrosion mechanisms 4.3.5 Boiler Water Condensate Corrosion 4.4.2 Sulfidation 4.5.1 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking (Cl-SCC) 4.5.2 Corrosion Fatigue 4.5.3 Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (Caustic Embrittlement) 5.1.2.3 Wet H2S Damage (Blistering/HIC/SOHIC/SCC) 5.1.3.1 High Temperature Hydrogen Attack (HTHA
Slide 1
REMEMBER THE WAY THAT API 571 COVERS EACH OF THE MECHANISMS
Critical factors
Related mechanisms
Inspection/ monitoring
Slide 2
EROSION-CORROSION
Erosion and corrosion act together to significantly increase the rate of corrosion Oxide film cannot form on the surface as it is continually swept away by high velocity fluid flow impingement Surface shows extended pits,holes and valleys
Slide 3
EROSION/CORROSION
High fluid velocities cause scouring Notice the serious wallthinning Tube-bends are particularly susceptible
TO REDUCE EROSIONCORROSION Reduce fluid velocity Use a more resistant material (harder alloys may be better)
Slide 4
Slide 6
CUI
4 COMMON LOCATIONS
All LCS pipework operating continually at 4<t<120 degC LCS pipework operating> 120 degC BUT INTERMITTENTLY Austenitic Stainless steel at 65-205 DegC (for SCC) Piping systems that vibrate a lot (insulation becomes damaged)
Matthews Engineering Training Ltd
Slide 7
CUI LOCATIONS
Areas of vibration
Corrosion under Insulation Chloride contamination Getwater something done about places CUI (from or lagging) makes where you have to step on insulation much worse to access equipment Matthews Engineering Training Ltd
Slide 9
Think of it as a general and widespread corrosion mechanisms spread across most industries
Pipework
Heat exchangers
Slide 10
4 KEY POINTS(highlight these in your code) It affects almost all materials Corrosion can be general or localised It is made worse by high fluid velocities (giving erosion/corrosion) It is made worse by:
Increased Oxygen content Temperatures > 57 degC
Slide 11
Keep the temperature below 50 degC Avoid too-low velocity stagnant' conditions Chemical water treatment (e.g in condensers) Use linings or more corrosion-resistant materials
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
OXYGEN PITTING
Slide 15
Too much O2 (poor deaerator in the system and/or not enough hydrazinetype O2 scavenger chemical)
Slide 16
OXYGEN PITTING:
Slide 17
API RP 571:CONTENTS
This PowerPoint presentation has looked at these mechanisms covered by API 571
4.2.3 Temper Embrittlement 4.2.7 Brittle Fracture 4.2.9 Thermal Fatigue 4.2.14 Erosion/Erosion-Corrosion 4.2.16 Mechanical Fatigue 4.3.2 Atmospheric Corrosion 4.3.3 Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI) 4.3.4 Cooling Water Corrosion 4.3.5 Boiler Water Condensate Corrosion 4.4.2 Sulfidation 4.5.1 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking (Cl-SCC) 4.5.2 Corrosion Fatigue 4.5.3 Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (Caustic Embrittlement) 5.1.2.3 Wet H2S Damage (Blistering/HIC/SOHIC/SCC) 5.1.3.1 High Temperature Hydrogen Attack (HTHA
5 damage
NEXT STEP
In the last presentation we will look at the remaining ones.First,return to the module text
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