2013 General Chemistry Perfect gas workshop (Gas) 1. A volume of carbon dioxide gas, CO2 equal to 20.

0 L was collected at 23 oC and 1 atm pressure. What would be the volume of CO2 collected at 23 oC and 0.830 atm? (answer: 24.1 L) 2. If you expect a chemical reaction to produce 4.38 dm3 of oxygen, O2, at 19 oC and 101 kPa, what would be the volume at 25 oC and 101 kPa? (Answer: 4.47 dm3) 3. A 10.0 L flask contains 1.031 g O2 and 0.572 g CO2 at 18oC. What are the partial pressure of oxygen and Carbon dioxide? What is the total pressure? What is the mole fraction of oxygen in the mixture? (answer: Ptotal = 0.1080 atm; Mole fraction = 0.7125) 4. Calculate the rms speed of O2 molecules in a cylinder at 21oC and 15.7 atm. (Answer: 479 m/s) 5.Calculate the ratio of effusion rates of molecules of CO2 and SO2, from the same container and at the same temperature and pressure. Mm CO2 = 44.0 g/mol; Mm SO2 = 64.1 g/mol. (Answer: 1.21) 6.If sulfur dioxide were an ideal gas, the pressure at 0.0oC exerted by 1.000 mole occupying 22.41 L would be 1.000 atm. Use the van der Waals equation to estimate the pressure of this volume of 1.000 mol SO2 at 0.0oC. [a = 6.865 L2. atm/mol2; b = 0.05679 L/mol] (Answer 0.989 atm). 7. A 25 L tank of oxygen under a pressure of 80. atm would require what pressure to decrease the volume to 1.0 L? (Assume temperature and number of particles stays constant.). (Answer: 2000 atm) 8. A balloon containing 2.50 L of gas at 1 atm would be what volume at a pressure of 300 KPa? (Assume temperature and number of particles stays constant.) (Answer: 0.844 L) 9. A syringe containing 75.0 mL of air is at 298 K. What will the volume of the syringe be if it is placed in a boiling water bath (373 K). Assume pressure and the number of particles are held constant. (Answer: 93.9 mL) 10. A steel tank contains carbon dioxide at 34 C and is at a pressure of 13.0 atm. Determine the internal gas pressure when the tank and its contents are heated to 100 C.(answer: 15.8 atm) 11. Calculate the pressure of 0.55 mol of NH3 gas in a 2.00 L vessel at 25 C, using the ideal gas law. (Answer: 6.7 atm) 12. The "air bags" that are currently installed in automobiles to prevent injuries in the event of a crash are equipped with sodium azide, NaN3, which decomposes when activated by an electronic igniter to produce nitrogen gas that fills the bag. How many liters of nitrogen, measured at 25 C and 1.00 atm, will be produced by 100.0 g of NaN3? Equation: 2NaN3(s) 2Na(s) + 3N2(s) (Answer: 56.4 L)

13. In an effusion experiment it required 40 s for a certain number of moles of a gas of unknown molar mass to pass through a small orifice into a vacuum. Under the same conditions 16 s were required for the same number of moles of O2 to effuse. What is the molar mass of the unknown gas? (Answer: 200 g/mol) 14. Given that the total pressure of a gas mixture in a tank at 37oC is 50.0 atm. What is the pressure exerted by H2 gas in the mixture that containing 0.5 moles H2 gas, 0.3 moles of N2 gas and 0.2 moles of Ar. (Answer: 25.0 atm) 15. Given that 3.0 moles of CH4 occupy 5.20 L at 45oC. Calculate the pressure of the gas (in atm) using the following equation. (i) Ideal gas equation (Answer: 15.1 atm) (ii) the van der Waals equaltion [ a = 2.25 and b = 0.0428]. (Answer: 14.7 atm) (iii) Compare the pressure of the gas obtained from the (a) and (b). Explain why there is difference in the value of pressure? (Answer: (i) > (ii)