Final Grid Code

KARNATAKA ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION
GRID CODE, DISTRIBUTION CODE,

Kar(ataka El#5tr!5!t; R#*<lator; Co INDE= !ss!o(
Sl8No>art!5<lars>a*# No8.Gr!) Co)#%0.21'>OM Co)#0. >o:#r G#(#rat!o( >la((!(* & S#5<r!t; Sta()ar).3.0.6-2>OM Co)#0' >o:#r G#(#rat!o( Ma(a*# #(t & O?#rat!(* Sta()ar).6.0 .7'3>OM Co)#02 Tra(s !ss!o( S;st# >la((!(* & S#5<r!t; Sta()ar).720 .%-,>OM Co)#03 Tra(s !ss!o( S;st# Ma(a*# #(t & O?#rat!(* Sta()ar).%.0 '-36M#t#r!(* Co)#'-70'.27>OM Co)#0, M#t#r!(* a() >rot#5t!o( Sta()ar)'.,0''21Sa@#t; Sta()ar) ATra(s !ss!o( l!(#s & S<"0Stat!o(sB''70'37%D!str!"<t!o( Co)#',.0'13.-D>COM0. th D!str!"<t!o( S;st# 6 >la((!(* & S#5<r!t; Sta()ar)'170 & 7th Floor, Mahalaksh ! Cha "#rs, 2-,..D>COM0' $ %&', Mahat a Ga()h! Roa), Ba(*alor# +,6- --., D!str!"<t!o( S;st# T#l/ Co(str<5t!o(, O?#rat!o( & Ma!(t#(a(5# %.01-0,2'-'.2,'.3, Fa4/%.01-0,2'-221 Sta()ar)2-702'2.'D>COM02 E a!l/k#r567s(l85o 9#"/:::8k#r58or* Sa@#t; Sta()ar) @or D!str!"<t!o( S;st# 2',022,
STANDARDS FOR TRANSMISSION SYSTEM AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
CODES & STANDARDS: KERC
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GRID CODE
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GRID CODE
CONTENTS
SECTION + . S#5t!o( + ' S#5t!o( + 2 S#5t!o( + 3 S#5t!o( + , S#5t!o( + 6 S#5t!o( + 7 S#5t!o( + 1 S#5t!o( + % S#5t!o( + .S#5t!o( + .. S#5t!o( + .' S#5t!o( 0 .2 S#5t!o( 0 .3 INTRODUCTION DEFINITIONS MANAGEMENT OF GRID CODE SYSTEM >LANNING CONNECTION CONDITIONS O>ERATION >LANNING AND SECURITY SYSTEM O>ERATION, METERING, >ROTECTION, DES>ATCC AND CONTROL MONITORING OF GENERATION AND DRA9AL CONTINGENCY >LANNING CROSS BOUNDARY SAFETY SAFETY AND LINE CLEAR >ERMITS COMMUNICATION AND DATA ACDUISITION O>ERATIONAL EEENT, INCIDENT&ACCIDENT RE>ORTING DATA REGISTRATION %0.3 .,022 2302% 3-07' 7201' 120%7 %10.-2 .-30.-7 .-10..2 ..30..6 ..70.', .'60.'1 .'%0.23 .2,0 .21
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GRID CODE
SECTION0.
INTRODUCTION
.8. I(tro)<5t!o(/ 1.1.1 The Indian Power System is a conglomeration of a number of Utilities, State Electricity Boards, (some of these at resent are undergoing restructuring! Power "or orations, Power #rid "or oration of India, $ational Thermal Power "or oration, $ational %ydro Power "or oration etc. &estructuring of se'eral State Electricity Boards is under rocess. Each State has its own Power #rid and the Inter State Transmission (ines interconnect most of these Power #rids. Some of these Inter State Transmission (ines are constructed and o erated by Power #rid "or oration of India. Similarly the "entral Sector #eneration of %ydro, Thermal, and $uclear Power Stations are constructed and o erated by $ational %ydro ower "or oration, $ational Thermal Power "or oration and $P" res ecti'ely. The Power #rid "or oration of India has been identified as the "entral Transmission Utility. The Indian Electricity #rid "ode a Stations. 1.1.) *s far as +arnata,a Power #rid is concerned, at resent, the +arnata,a Power Transmission "or oration (imited has been declared as the Transmission Utility under Section )-.B of Indian Electricity *ct, 1/10. The following functions are to be carried out by the State Transmission Utility1 a. Transmission of Energy through the Intra.state Transmission System of +arnata,a Power #rid and bul, su &etail Su b. ly (icensees, ly to 2istribution 3 ro'ed by the "E&" is a licable for lanning and o eration of all the Inter State Transmission (ines and the "entral Sector Power
Planning and co.ordination for the State Power #rid with.

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i. ii. iii. i'. '. 'i. c. d.
"entral Electricity *uthority4 "entral Transmission Utility4 Southern &egional Electricity Board4 State #o'ernment4 #enerating "om anies4 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees4
Su er'ision and control of the State Power #rid4 "om lying with, and ensure com liance by others in the State, the directions the "entral Transmission Utility may gi'e from time to time in res ect of matters affecting the integrated grid o eration of Inter.State Transmission System.
1.1.5 In order to erform the abo'e tas,, The +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission has formulated this FKARNATAKA ELECTRICITY GRID CODEF. This #rid "ode is a a licable. licable for the +arnata,a Power #rid only and for the Inter State Transmission, Indian Electricity #rid "ode shall be .8' Str<5t<r# o@ th# Gr!) Co)#/ This #rid "ode consists of 16 Sections as follows1 1.).1 S#5t!o(0./ I(tro)<5t!o( 0 7utlines the broad features of the #rid "ode. 1.).) S#5t!o(0'/ D#@!(!t!o(s 0 The 'arious terms used in the #rid "ode are defined. 1.).5 S#5t!o(02/ Ma(a*# #(t o@ Gr!) Co)# 0 The #rid "ode is a li'e document and has to be eriodically re'iewed by a com etent anel as and when re8uired in the light of e9 erience gained. This section formulates the rocedures for the same. 1.).6 S#5t!o(03/ S;st# >la((!(* 5o)# 0 S ecifies the technical and design lied by the State Transmission Utility criteria and the rocedures to be a
and other Users for lanning and de'elo ment of the Power System.
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1.).: S#5t!o(0,/ Co((#5t!7!t; Co()!t!o(s 0 S ecifies the technical criteria and standards to be com lied with by the Transmission (icensee, the #enerating "om any, the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees and other Users connected or see,ing connection to the Transmission System. 1.).; S#5t!o(06/ O?#rat!o( >la((!(* a() S#5<r!t; 0 S ecifies the rocess by which the Transmission (icensee has to carry out the Planning of Power System 7 eration, including interface co.ordination with the users, fi9ing the arameters for 7 eration margin, contingency reser'e, demand o?#rat!o( #t#r!(*, ?rot#5t!o(, )#s?at5h a() control etc., for a satisfactory grid o eration and System Integrity. 1.).- S#5t!o(07/ S;st# 5o(trol 5o)# 0 S ecifies the rocedure to be ado ted for the scheduling of des atch of the #enerating Units to meet the demand and drawal allocations, the management of fre8uency and 'oltages in the E9tra %igh <oltage system, the minimum re8uirement of rotection le'els and metering s ecifications for the 'arious com onents of the system. 1.).= S#5t!o(01/ Mo(!tor!(* o@ G#(#rat!o( a() )ra:al 0 >ormulates the rocedure to be followed by the State (oad 2es atch "entre for monitoring the #eneration 7ut ut, *cti'e and &eacti'e reser'e ca acity re8uired for e'aluation of the erformance of Power Plants. The monitoring of scheduled drawal is im ortant to ensure that the Transmission (icensee contributes towards im ro'ing the &egional erformance, by obser'ing #rid disci line. 1.)./ S#5t!o(0%/ Co(t!(*#(5; >la((!(* 0 >ormulates the reco'ery and normali?ation of ower su ly rocess to be followed by all the Users in the e'ent of the failure of +arnata,a Power #rid, or the Southern #rid resulting in total or artial colla se of the System causing blac,outs. 1.).10 Se5t!o(0.-/ Cross Bo<()ar; Sa@#t; 0 S ecifies the re8uirements for safe wor,ing ractices for maintenance of e8ui ment associated with cross boundary o erations and also the rocedure to be followed when
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the wor, is carried out on electrical e8ui ment connected to another User@s System. 1.).11 S#5t!o(0../ Co <(!5at!o( a() Data a5G<!s!t!o( 0 S ecifies the minimum re8uirements of "ommunication and 2ata *c8uisition >acilities to be ro'ided by each User at interconnection oints and cross boundary circuits. 1.).1) S#5t!o(0.'/ O?#rat!o(al #7#(t a() I(5!)#(t&A55!)#(t R#?ort!(* 0 S ecifies the details of minimum re8uirement for the e9change of information relating to 7 erations andAor E'ents on the total System including the Southern #rid which may ha'e an o erational effect. 1.).15 S#5t!o(0.2/ Sa@#t; a() L!(# 5l#ar >#r !ts . Sets out the rocedure for recording of (ine "lear Permits and guidelines for ensuring safety from electrical ha?ards to the consumers, general ersonnel. 1.).16 S#5t!o(0.3/ Data R#*!strat!o( 0 S ecifies a list of all the data re8uired by the Transmission (icensee which is to be ro'ided by the Users and the data re8uired by the Users to be ro'ided by the Transmission (icensee at the re8uired time s ecified in the 'arious Sections of the #rid "ode. .82 I ?l# #(tat!o( a() o?#rat!o( o@ th# Gr!) Co)#/ 1.5.1 The State Transmission Utility shall be res onsible for im lementation of the #rid "ode. *ll the Users shall com ly with the #rid "ode and assist the State Transmission Utility in this regard. The Users must ro'ide all the re8uired information and reasonable rights of access, ser'ice and facilities necessary for im lementation of the #rid "ode. 1.5.) If any User has any difficulty in com lying with any of the ro'isions of the #rid "ode, he shall immediately, without delay, inform the same to the State Transmission Utility and shall remedy his non.com liance rom tly. 1.5.5 "onsistent failure in com liance with the #rid "ode may lead to disconnection of the UserBs lant or * aratus.
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ublic and wor,ing
1.5.6 The o eration of the #rid "ode shall be re'iewed regularly by the #rid "ode &e'iew Panel in accordance with the Section of the #rid "ode. .83 L! !tat!o(s o@ th# Gr!) Co)#/ 1.6.1 The #rid "ode contains rocedures for the management of day to day technical situations in the Power #rid, ta,ing into account a wide range of o erational conditions li,ely to be encountered under both normal and abnormal conditions. 1.6.) The #rid "ode cannot foresee all the ossible o erating conditions. Users must therefore understand and acce t that the Transmission (icensee, in such unforeseen circumstances, may be re8uired to act decisi'ely to discharge his obligations under the (icense. Users shall may re8uire in such circumstances. .8, >ro5#)<r#s to s#ttl# )!s?<t#s/ 1.:.1 In the e'ent of any dis ute regarding inter retation between any User and the Transmission (icensee, the matter shall be referred to +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission. In the e'ent of any conflict between the arties regarding any ro'ision of the #rid "ode, the +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission will roceed to settle the issue.
CCC
ro'isions of the rele'ant
ro'ide such
reasonable coo eration and assistance as the Transmission (icensee
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SECTION0' DEFINITIONS In the #rid "ode the following words and e9 ressions shall, unless the subDect matter or conte9t otherwise re8uires or is inconsistent therewith, bear the following meanings1 *ct *cti'e Energy The +arnata,a Electricity &eform *ct, 1///. The electrical energy roduced, flowing or su res ect to time of the instantaneous 1000 Eh F1 ,Eh lied by an
electric circuit during a time inter'al, being the integral with ower, measured in units of watt.hours or standard multi les thereof, i.e., 1000 ,Eh F 1 GEh 1000 GEh F 1 #Eh *cti'e Power 1000 #Eh F 1 TEh The roduct of 'oltage and the in. hase com onent of alternating current measured in units of watts and standard multi les thereof, i.e., 1000 Eatts F 1 ,E 1000 ,E F 1 GE 1000 GE F 1 #E 1000 #E F 1 TE
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*gency
* term used in 'arious sections of the #rid "ode to refer to utilities that utili?e the Intra.Transmission System.
aratus
*ll e8ui ment, in which electrical conductors are used, su orted or of which they may form a art. In safety coordination this also means %igh <oltage electrical circuits forming art of a system on which safety recautions may be a lied to allow wor, andAor testing to be carried out on a system. The roduct of 'oltage and alternating current measured in units of 'olt.am eres and standard multi les thereof, i.e., 1000 <* F 1 ,<* 1000 ,<* F 1 G<* *rea designated in the licence for carrying out the licenced
arent Power
*rea of su
ly
acti'ity. *utomatic <oltage * continuously acting automatic e9citation system to control &egulator (*<&! *u9iliaries a #enerating Unit terminal 'oltage. *ll the lant and machinery re8uired for the #enerating Unit@s functional o eration that do not form *'ailability art of the #enerating Unit. The ca ability of the #enerating Unit e9 ressed in GE. H>ully *'ailableH shall mean that the #enerating Unit is a'ailable to its contracted ca acity. In res ect of the Transmission System, H*'ailabilityH shall mean the time in hours the Transmission System is ca able of transmitting Electricity at its rated 'oltage from the su deli'ery Bac,ing 2own Bac,.u rotection oint and e9 ressed as a ly oint to the ercentage of *nnual
*'ailability. &eduction of generation on instructions from S(2"AS&(2" by a #enerating Unit under abnormal conditions. Protection e8ui ment or systems which are intended to o erate when a system fault is not cleared in due time
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because of failure or inability of the Gain Protection to o erate or in case of failure to o erate a circuit brea,er other than the associated circuit brea,er. Blac, Start
The rocedure necessary for a reco'ery from a Total Shutdown or Partial Shutdown without the a'ailability of electricity from e9ternal sources.
Blac, "a ability
Start *n ability in res ect of a Blac, Start Station, for at least one of its #enerating Units or ""#T Units to Start.U Shutdown and to energi?e a from art of the system and be
synchroni?ed to the system u on instruction from the State (oad 2is atch "entre, within two hours, without any e9ternal Blac, Stations Bul, su ly su ly. Start Power Stations ha'ing Blac, Start "a ability. The sale of Electricity to any su Bul, Su Bul, (icensee "a ti'e Plant ("PP! lier Su ly gi'en to a &etail Su erson for resale such as, ly (icensee for ur oses of
distribution and resale in his area of su ly. IBul, Su lierJ means any erson who is authori?ed to carry out bul, ower su ly. ly *ny ersonA"om any authori?ed by +E&" for engaging in
the business of bul, su ly of electricity. Power * Power Plant rimarily o erated to meet a ca ti'e demand and also connected to the TransmissionA 2istribution Systems. Such a lant shall hold 'alid consent under ermission for sale of sur lus ly Section 1- of the *ct and
ower to the TransmissionA2istribution 3 &etail Su "aution $otice "BIP ""#T "E* "entral Transmission (icensees. * notice con'eying a warning against interference. "entral Board of Irrigation and Power. "ombined "ycle #as Turbine. "entral Electricity *uthority. *ny #o'ernment "om any notified by the
"entral
#o'ernment under section )-* of the Electricity &egulatory

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Utility ("TU! "E&" "onnected Planning 2ata "onnection
"ommission *ct, 1//=. "entral Electricity &egulatory "ommission. *ctual 2ata re lacing estimated 'alues assumed for lanning ur oses. The electric ower lines and electrical e8ui ment used to effect a connection of a User@s System to the Transmission System. Those conditions mentioned in Section : (I"onnection "onditionsJ! which ha'e to be fulfilled before the UsersB System is connected to the #rid. * #rid Su ly Point or #rid Entry Point, as the case may be. * erson to whom electrical ower is ro'ided. The a'ailable standby generation o'er forecast demand, which is re8uired in the eriod from )6 hours ahead down to real time to co'er against uncertainties in #enerating Plant a'ailability and against errors in forecast. * erson identified as ha'ing res onsibility for cross boundary safety under section 11 I"ross Boundary SafetyJ of the #rid "ode. &educing the su
"onnection "onditions "onnection Point "onsumer "ontingency &eser'e
"ontrol Engineer
"ustomer 2emand "ontrol 2emand 2emand "ontrol
ly of electricity to a "ustomer or a manner agreed for
disconnecting a "ustomer in
commercial ur oses between a su lier and its "ustomer. The demand of GE and G<* of electricity (i.e. both *cti'e and * arent Power!, unless otherwise stated. *ny of the following methods of achie'ing a (oad reduction1 (a! "ustomer (oad Ganagement initiated by Users. (b! "ustomer 'oltage reduction initiated by Users (other than following an instruction from (oad 2es atch "entre!. (c! "ustomer (oad reduction by 2isconnection initiated by Users (other than following an instruction from (oad 2es atch "entre!. (d! "ustomer (oad reduction instructed by the (oad 2es atch "entre.
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(e! *utomatic low >re8uency (oad 2isconnection. 2esigned Ginimum 7 erating (e'el 2es atch (f! Emergency manual (oad 2isconnection. The out ut (in whole GE! below which a 2es atch Unit is generally not allowed to o erate according to rudent o erating ractice. 7 erational control of an integrated electricity system in'ol'ing o erations such as1 *ssignment of le'els of out ut to s ecific #enerating Plant or load control de'ices to effect the most reliable and economical su ly as the loads 'ary, The control of the o eration of e9tra high 'oltage lines, associated substations and e8ui ments, The scheduling of 'arious ty es of transactions with the electric utilities o'er the interconnecting Transmission 2e.Synchroni?e 2isconnection 2iscrimination (ines. The act of ta,ing a #enerating Unit off a system to which it has been Synchroni?ed. The hysical se aration of Users or "ustomers from the System. The 8uality where a relay or rotecti'e system is enabled to ic, out and cause to be disconnected only the faulty 2istribution System * aratus. I2istribution SystemJ means any system consisting mainly of cables, ser'ice lines and o'erhead lines, electrical lant and meters ha'ing design 'oltage of 55 +< and below. distribution system shall not include any the su 2istribution &etail Su The art of a
transmission system e9ce t the terminal e8ui ment used for ly of electricity to e9tra high 'oltage (;; +< and abo'e! "onsumers. 3 *ny ersonAcom any authori?ed by +E&" for engaging in ly the business of 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly of Electricity.
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(icensees 2rawal Earthing
The im ortAe9 ort of Electrical Energy fromAto the grid. "onnecting the conducting arts of an e8ui ment or machinery with the general mass of earth, in such a manner ensuring at all times an immediate discharge of energy without danger, by maintaining the same efficiently at earth@s otential. * means of ro'iding connection between a conductor and earth being of ade8uate strength and ca ability. * 2es atch instruction issued by the (oad 2es atch "entre, to a 2es atching Unit which may re8uire an action or res onse which is outside #eneration Scheduling and 2es atch Parameters, #eneration and other rele'ant 2ata or $otice to Synchroni?e. The e8ui ment ro'iding the field current of a machine, including all regulating and control elements, as well as field discharge or su ression e8ui ment and rotecti'e de'ices.
Earthing 2e'ice Emergency Instruction
E9citation System
E9citer E9ternal
The Source of electrical ower ro'iding the field current of a Synchronous Gachine.
* aratus for the transmission of electricity to or from the
+arnata,a #rid into or out of the Southern #rid. interconnection >ault "urrent The time inter'al from fault ince tion until the end of brea, time of
Interru tion Time >re8uency #enerating "om any
the circuit brea,er.
The number of alternating current cycles
er second
(e9 ressed in %ert?! at which the system is o erating.

I#enerating "om anyJ means a "om any registered under "om anyBs *ct, 1/:; ( 1 of 1/:;! and which has among its obDecti'es the establishment, o eration and maintenance of generating stations.
#enerating Plant #enerating Unit
* Power Station connected to the Transmission System and a'ailable for Scheduling by the (oad 2es atch "entre. The combination of an Electric Power #enerator and its
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Prime mo'er and all of its associated e8ui ment, which #eneration Schedule #enerator ca ability cur'e #o'ernor 2eadband together constitutes a single generating machine The des atch schedule of a #enerating Station. * diagram, which shows the GE and G<*r ca ability limits within which a #enerating Unit will be e9 ected to o erate under steady state conditions. The total magnitude of the change in steady state s eed Ke9 ressed as a range of %? (L 9%?! where H9H is a numerical 'alueM within which there is no resultant change in the osition of the go'erning 'al'es of the s eedAload #o'erning #rid "ode System. H+arnata,a Electricity #rid "odeH . a document describing the rocedures and the res onsibilities for lanning and
o eration of +arnata,a Power #rid. #rid "ode &e'iew The Panel with the functions set out in the #rid "ode. Panel or HPanelH #rid Entry Point * oint at which a Power Station is connected to the
Transmission System of +arnata,a Power #rid. %igh <oltage or <oltages ranging from ;:0 'olts to 55+<. %< IE &ules IE" IE" Standard IEEE IE#" Indian Electricity &ules 1/:;. International Electro.Technical "ommission * standard a ro'ed by the International Electro.technical "ommission. Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc., US*. Indian Electricity #rid "ode . * formal document describing the hiloso hy and res onsibilities for lanning and o eration of Indian Power System a Inde endent Power (IPP! ro'ed and mandated
by "E&". * erson or *gency in'ol'ed in the e9clusi'e business of and State owned #enerating "om anies.
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Producer Power #eneration e9cluding "entral #enerating Stations
Indian Standards Those Standards and s ecifications a (HISH! Interconnecting Transformer(I"T! Interface *greement
ro'ed by the Bureau
of Indian Standards. Transformer connecting E%< lines of different 'oltage systems. *n agreement between a User and STU containing ro'isions for dealing with the conse8uences of user owning or o erating lant or a aratus which is sited on another userBs land andAor for sharing the facilities andAor the
Intertri * aratus Intertri ing
ro'isions of ser'ices atAor near a connection site. * aratus that erforms intertri ing. (a! The tri ing of circuit.brea,er(s! by commands initiated
from Protection at a remote location inde endent of the state of local Protection4 or Isolating 2e'ice Isolation
KERC
(b! 7 erational intertri ing. * de'ice for achie'ing Isolation. The disconnection of %< * aratus from the remainder of the System in which that %< * aratus is situated. +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission. +arnata,a Power "or oration (imited. +arnata,a Power Transmission "or oration (imited. Geans a site owned (or occu ied ursuant to a lease,
+P"( +PT"( +PT"( Site
licence or other agreement! by +PT"( in which there is a "onnection Point. >or the a'oidance of doubt, the ortion of User@s site occu ied by +PT"( as aforesaid, is a +PT"( (ean Period (icence (icence Standards Site. That eriod in a day when the electrical ower demand is lowest. *ny license granted by +E&". Those standards set out TransmissionABul, (icences.
or
referred 3
to
in Su
the ly
Su
lyA2istribution
&etail
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(oad (oad >actor
The *cti'e, &eacti'e or *
arent Power as the conte9t
re8uires, generated, transmitted or distributed. (oad >actor is the ratio of the a'erage ower to the ma9imum demand. The load factor de ends on the inter'al of time of the ma9imum demand and the eriod o'er which the a'erage is ta,en. Units consumed in a gi'en eriod (oad >actor F .......................................................... Ga9imum 2emand 9 $o. of hours in the eriod
(oaded (ocal Instructions
Su
lying electrical ower to the System.
Safety The safety manuals and instructions framed and issued by the User and +PT"(, setting down the methods and rocedures to be ado ted and ensure com lete safety to the recautions to be ta,en to ersonnel carrying out the lant and
o eration, maintenance and testing of the
a aratus. (ow <oltage or (< <oltage not e9ceeding ;:0 'olts. Gain Protection Protection e8ui ment or system e9 ected to ha'e riority in initiating either a fault clearance or an action to terminate an Gulti le "onnection $otice Synchroni?e abnormal condition in a ower system. Point Two or more oints of "onnection interconnected to each other through the User@s System. to The amount of time (e9 ressed in minutes! that is declared by a #enerating "om any in relation to a #enerator to enable it to be synchroni?ed following the recei t of an $P" 7 erating Gargin 7 erating &eser'e instruction to synchroni?e. $uclear Power "or oration. "ontingency &eser'e lus 7 erating &eser'e. The additional out ut from a #enerating Plant, which must be reali?able in real.time o eration to correct any System >re8uency fall to an acce table le'el, in the e'ent of a loss
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of
generation,
or
loss
of
im ort
from
an
E9ternal
Interconnection, or mismatch between generation and 7 eration 7 erational 2ata 7 erational Planning 2emand. * scheduled or lanned action relating to the o eration of a System. 2ata re8uired under the 7 erating "odes andAor Scheduling and 2es atch "odes. Planning carried out to achie'e, as far as ossible, the
standards of security set out in the Transmission Planning and Security Standard through 'arious time scales, the matching of generation out ut with forecast 2emand together with a reser'e of generation to ro'ide a margin, ta,ing into account outages of the following to which the Power Stations andAor "ustomers are connected1 (1! "ertain #enerating Units, ()! Parts of the Transmission System, and (5! Parts of User Systems. Ganagement instructions and and *
7 erational Procedures
rocedures, both for the
Safety &ules and for the local and remote o eration of Plant aratus, issued in connection with the actual aratus at or from a "onnecting o eration of Plant andAor *
7ut Synchronism 7utage
Site. of The condition where a System or #enerating Unit can not meet the re8uirements to enable it to be Synchroni?ed. * total or artial regulation in a'ailability due to re air and maintenance of the Transmission or 2istribution or #eneration facility or defect in *u9iliary System. The condition of a Power Plant which is (oaded but is not running at its declared a'ailability. * shutdown of a art of the system resulting in failure of ower su ly, either from e9ternal interconnections or from the healthy art of the system.
Part (oad Partial Shutdown
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Pea, Period Person P#"I( Planned 7utage
That eriod in a day when the electrical ower demand is highest. *ny indi'idual connected with the generation, transmission, distribution and utili?ation of electrical ower. Power #rid "or oration of India (imited. *n outage of #enerating Plant or art of the Transmission System, or art of a User@s system co.coordinated by S(2".
Point
of *n electrical oint of connection between the Transmission System and the User@s System. The oint on * aratus at which Isolation is achie'ed. The ratio of *cti'e Power to * arent Power. The agreement entered into between the #enerating "om any and the Transmission (icenseeABul, Su (icenseeA2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee. ly
"onnection Point of Isolation Power >actor Power Purchase *greement Power Station Protection
*n installation com rising one or more #enerating Units owned andAor controlled by the same #enerating "om any.
The schemes and a
aratus for detecting abnormal
conditions on a System and initiating fault clearance or Protection * aratus actuating signals or indications. * grou of one or more Protection &elays andAor logic elements designated to erform a s ecified Protection function. Utility Those ractices, methods, techni8ues and standards, as modified from time to time, that are generally acce ted for use in the International Electric Utility Industry, ta,ing into account the re'ailing conditions in India. These shall be the ones commonly used in electrical utility for engineering and o erations such as the design, engineering, construction, testing, o eration and maintenance of e8ui ment lawfully, safely, efficiently and economically, as a licable to the e8ui ment of certain si?e, ser'ice and ty e. These ractices, methods, standards and acts shall be adDusted to the e9tent
Prudent Practices
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necessary in order1 1. To conform to o eration and maintenance guide lines recommended by the e8ui ment manufacturers and su liers and shall also be in accordance with the guide lines gi'en in the rele'ant IS "ode of Practices for such e8ui ments where'er a'ailable, ). To ensure com liance with the IE *ct and &ules and other related laws, 5. To ta,e into account the site location, including (without limitation! the climatic, hydrological and other en'ironmental or general conditions thereof, 6. To conform to energy conser'ation, and &ated GE :. To conform to #eneral Safety Standards. The Hrating lateH GE out ut of a #enerating Unit, being that out ut u &eacti'e Power to which the #enerating Unit is designed to o erate. The roduct of 'oltage and current and the sine of the hase angle between them measured in units of 'olt.am eres reacti'e and standard multi les thereof, i.e.1 1000 <*r. F 1,<*r 1000 ,<*r F 1 G<*r &egulating Gargin The system 'oltage and fre8uency beyond which the system &etail Su ly &es onsible EngineerA 7 erator &e. should not be o erated. I&etail Su lyJ means the sale of electricity to consumers. * erson nominated by an User to be res onsible for System control. The bringing of arts of the System which has gone out of
synchroni?ation Synchronism with each other, bac, into Synchronism. Safety "o. * erson or ersons nominated by the Transmission (icensee and ordinator
each User to be res onsible for the co.ordination of Safety Precautions at each connection
oint when wor, (including - 21
testing! is to be carried out on a system, which necessitates the a lication of Safety Precautions on %< * aratus.
Safety from the Those conditions which safeguard ersons carrying out the System Safety &ules wor, on a System from the dangers, which are inherent in the System. The rules framed by the Users and the Transmission (icensee Schematic 2iagrams to ensure safety to ersons wor,ing on PlantA* aratus. 2iagrams which are a schematic re resentation of the %< * aratus and the connections to all e9ternal circuits at a "onnection Site, incor orating its numbering, nomenclature Single "onnection S(2" S&EB S&(2" Standing Instructions and labeling. Point * single Point of "onnection, with no interconnection through the User@s System to another Point of "onnection. State (oad 2es atch "entre. Southern &egional Electricity Board. Southern &egional (oad 2es atch "entre. *n instruction issued by S(2" to a #enerating "om any whereby, in s ecified circumstances, the #enerating "om any should ta,e s ecified action, as though a 'alid Start.U State Transmission Utility (STU! dis atch instruction has been issued by S(2". The action of bringing a #enerating Unit from Shutdown to Synchronous S eed. The utility notified by the #o'ernment under Sub.Section (1! of Section )-B of Indian Electricity *ct 1/10, as amended in 1//=, and whose functions ha'e been outlined under Section :: of *mendments to the Electricity Su Station Transformer Su ly issued in 1//=. * transformer su ly *ct 1/6=
lying electrical ower to the *u9iliaries of
a Power Station, which is not directly connected to a #enerating Unit terminal. ISu lyJ means the Procurement, 2istribution and Pro'ision of electricity by a su lier either for resale or directly to the
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Su
lier
"onsumers. ISu lierH means any
erson who holds a licence under
Section 1/ of the *ct or is granted an e9em tion under Su er'isory *c8uisition (S"*2*! Su ly *ct Synchroni?ed Section )0 of the *ct. The communication lin,s and data rocessing systems,
"ontrol and 2ata which
ro'ide information to enable im lementation of
or re8uisite su er'isory and control actions. Electricity Su ly *ct, 1/6=. Those conditions where an incoming #enerating Unit or System is connected to the busbars of another System so that the fre8uencies and hase relationshi s of that #enerating Unit or System as the case may be, and the
Synchronous "om ensation Synchronous S eed System
System to which it is connected are identical. The o eration of rotating synchronous * aratus for the s ecific ur ose of either generation or absor tion of &eacti'e Power. That s eed re8uired by a #enerating Unit to enable it to be Synchroni?ed to a System. *ny User System andAor Transmission System, as the case
may be. System "onstraint * limitation on the use of a System due to lac, of System Gargin transmission ca acity or other system conditions. The margin in any eriod between (a! 2eclared *'ailability and (b! >orecast 2emand and the 7 erating Gargin, for that Total System Transmission (icence Transmission (icensee Transmission eriod. The +PT"( System and all User Systems in +arnata,a. The (icence granted by +E&" for ower transmission. The holder of a Transmission (icense issued by +E&". The agreement between the Transmission (icensee and the
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Ser'ices *greement
User
in
which,
subDect
to
certain
conditions,
the
Transmission (icensee agrees to transmitAwheel electrical
ower o'er its networ, to the User. Under >re8uency *n electrical measuring relay intended to o erate when its &elay Unit characteristic 8uantity reaches the relay settings by decrease in fre8uency. *u9iliary * transformer directly connected to a #enerating Unit@s terminals, and which su #enerating Unit. User
* term utili?ed in 'arious sections of #rid "ode to refer to the ersons using the +arnata,a Power #rid, as more articularly identified in each section of the #rid "ode. In the #eneral "onditions the term means any erson to whom the #rid "ode a lies.
Transformer
lies
ower to *u9iliaries of a
User Site
* site owned (or occu ied
ursuant to a lease, licence or
other agreement! by a User in which there is a connection Utility oint. *ny erson or entity engaged in generation, transmission, Bul, Su <<$( ly or 2istribution and &etail su ly of energy, as the case may be. <is'eswaraya <idyut $igama (imited. CCC
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SECTION02
MANAGEMENT OF GRID CODE

28. INTRODUCTION/
5.1.1The +arnata,a Power Transmission "or oration (imited (+PT"(!, which is the State Transmission Utility (STU! for the State of +arnata,a, which also holds the Transmission (icense and Bul, Su ly (icense is re8uired to im lement and com ly with the +arnata,a Electricity #rid "ode (+E#"!, herein after called #&I2 "72E, and to carry out eriodic re'iew and amendments of the same with the a ro'al of +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission (+E&"!. * &e'iew Panel shall be constituted by the Transmission (icensee, as re8uired in this Section, com rising of the re resentati'es of the Users of the Transmission System. 5.1.)$o change in this #&I2 "72E, howe'er small or big, shall be made without being deliberated u on and agreed to by the #&I2 "72E &e'iew Panel and a ro'ed by +E&". 5.1.5The Transmission (icensee will be res onsible for managing and im lementing the #&I2 "72E for discharging its obligations with the Users. The Transmission (icensee will not be, howe'er, re8uired to incur any e9 enditure on account of tra'el etc., of any other member of the anel other than its own re resentati'e.
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28'
OBHECTIEE/
5.).1The obDecti'e of this Section is to define the method of management of #&I2 "72E documents, im lementing any changesAmodifications re8uired and the res onsibilities of the constituents (Users! to effect the change.
282 GRID CODE REEIE9 >ANEL/
5.5.1The "hair erson of the #rid "ode &e'iew anel shall be an Engineer of the Transmission (icensee not below the ran, of "hief Engineer Electricity of the Transmission (icensee. The Gember Secretary of the Panel shall also be nominated by the Transmission (icensee. The Panel shall consist of the following members on the recommendations of the heads of the res ecti'e organi?ations1 (a! 7ne "hief Engineer or #eneral Ganager of +arnata,a Power "or oration (imited (+P"(!. (b! 7ne "hief Engineer of <is'eswaraya <idyut $igama (imited (<<$(!. (c! 7ne re resentati'e at senior e9ecuti'e le'el from $ational Thermal Power "or oration (imited ($TP"!. (d! 7ne re resentati'e at senior e9ecuti'e le'el from Power #rid "or oration of India (imited (P#"I(!. (e! 7ne re resentati'e at senior e9ecuti'e le'el from Southern &egional Electricity Board (S&EB!. (f! 7ne re resentati'e at senior e9ecuti'e le'el from each 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee. (g! 7ne re resentati'e at senior e9ecuti'e le'el from each of the IPPs feeding the +arnata,a State Power #rid feeding not less than :0 GE. (h! 7ne re resentati'e from all the IPPs and "PPs of small Power Plants of less than :0 GE ca acity on rotation basis. (i! 7ne nominee from +E&".
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5.5.)*ny other member can be co.o ted as a member of the directed by +E&".
anel when
5.5.5The functioning of the anel shall be co.ordinated by the Transmission (icensee. The Gember Secretary nominated by the Transmission (icensee shall be the con'ener. 5.5.6The Transmission (icensee shall inform all the Users, the names and addresses of the Panel "hair erson and the Gember Secretary at least - days before the first Panel meeting. *ny subse8uent changes shall also be informed to all the users by the Transmission (icensee. Similarly, each User shall inform the names and designations of their re resentati'es to the Gember Secretary of the Panel, at least three days before the first Panel meeting, and shall also inform the Gember Secretary in writing regarding any subse8uent changes.
283 FUNCTIONS OF TCE REEIE9 >ANEL/
5.6.1 The functions of the &e'iew Panel are as follows1 (a! Gaintenance of the #&I2 "72E and its wor,ing under continuous scrutiny and re'iew. (b! "onsideration of all re8uests for re'iew made by any User and ublication of their recommendations for changes to the #&I2 "72E together with reasons for such changes. (c! Issue of guidance on inter retation and im lementation of the #&I2 "72E. (d! E9amination of the roblems raised by any User. (e! Ensuring that the changesAmodifications "ode (IE#"!. (f! *nalysis of maDor grid disturbances soon after their occurrence. ro osed in the #&I2 "72E are consistent and com atible with Indian Electricity #rid
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(g! "onstitute a committee containing e9 erts in the field of rotection, including at least one member from the Transmission (icensee for coordination and monitoring of rotection functions for the entire grid, duly ma,ing the re8uired studies for the rotecti'e relay settings. The &e'iew Panel may hold any number of meetings as re8uired subDect to the condition that at least one meeting shall be held in e'ery three months. Sub.meetings may be held by the Transmission (icensee with the User to discuss indi'idual re8uirements and with grou s of Users to re are ro osals for Panel meeting for a decision.
28, REEIE9 AND REEISIONS/
5.:.1 The Users see,ing any amendment to the #rid "ode shall send written re8uests to the Gember Secretary of the anel with a co y to +E&". If the re8uest is sent to +E&" directly, the same shall be forwarded to the Transmission (icensee. The Transmission (icensee shall, in consultation with the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees, #enerating "om anies, ro'isions. The "entral Transmission Utility ("TU! and S&EB and such other ersons as the +E&" may direct, re'iew the #&I2 "72E Transmission (icensee shall e9amine the ro osed changesAmodifications and circulate the same along with its comments to all the anel members for their written comments within a reasonable time frame. 5.:.) *ll the comments recei'ed shall be scrutini?ed and com iled by the Transmission (icensee. These along with Transmission (icensee@s comments shall be sent to all the members for their res onse in fa'our or otherwise, for the ro osed changeAmodification. If necessary, the anel for Transmission (icensee shall con'ene a meeting of the
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deliberations. The Gember Secretary shall
resent all the
ro osed
re'isions of the #rid "ode to the anel for its consideration. 5.:.5 Based on the res onse recei'ed, the Transmission (icensee shall finali?e its recommendation regarding the ro osed modification A amendment and submit the same along with all the related corres ondence to +E&" for a ro'al. 5.:.6 The Transmission (icensee shall send the following re orts to the +E&" at the conclusion of each re'iew meeting of the anel1 (a! &e orts on the outcome of such re'iew. (b! *ny ro osed re'ision to the #rid "ode as the Transmission (icensee reasonably thin,s necessary for achie'ement of the obDecti'es referred to in the rele'ant aragra hs of the Transmission licence. (c! *ll written re resentations and obDections submitted by the Users at the time of re'iew. 5.:.: *ll re'isions to the #rid "ode re8uire the a a ro'al of +E&". The Transmission (icensee shall ublish re'isions to the #rid "ode, after the ro'al of +E&". The Transmission (icensee may submit ro osals for rela9ation in such cases where Users ha'e difficulties in meeting the re8uirements of the #rid "ode. 5.:.; *ny change from the re'ious 'ersion shall be clearly mar,ed in the laced at the front of the margin. In addition, a re'ision sheet shall be with reasons for such change. 5.:.- The Transmission (icensee shall ,ee co ies of the #rid "ode with the latest amendments and shall ma,e it a'ailable at a reasonable cost to any erson re8uiring it. The Transmission (icensee shall ,ee an u to date list of reci ients of all the co ies of the #rid "ode. CCC
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&e'ised <ersion noting the number of e'ery changed Sub.section, together
SECTION03 SYSTEM >LANNING CODE
38.
INTRODUCTION/
The System Planning s ecifies the technical and design criteria and rocedures to be ado ted by the Transmission (icensee for the lanning
- 30
and de'elo ment of the Transmission System. The Users of the Transmission System shall ta,e the HSystem lanning and de'elo ment of their own System. 6.1.1 &einforcements and e9tensions to the System arise due to many reasons of which a few are mentioned below1 1. ). 5. * de'elo ment on a User@s System already connected to the Introduction of a new connection oint between an User@s System The need to increase System ca acity, remo'al of o erational Transmission System as a User de'elo ment. and the Transmission System. constraints, maintenance of Security Standards and meeting general increases in 2emand. 6. :. Steady state and transient stability considerations. "umulati'e effects of any combination of the abo'e four. lanningH into account for
6.1.) The wor, of such reinforcement and e9tension to the Transmission System may also in'ol'e wor, at a connecting oint (entry or e9it! of a #enerating "om anyA2istribution (icensee to the Transmission System. 6.1.5 The de'elo ment of the Transmission System must be 1. Time re8uired for obtaining all the necessary statutory a lanned in ad'ance duly allowing sufficient lead time, considering the following1 ro'als li,e PT"" clearance, >orest clearance, &ailway clearance, clearance from a'iation authorities, $ational highways, State highways etc., and the right of way ermissions where'er re8uired, ). Time re8uired for detailed engineering, design and construction wor, to be carried out. This HSystem PlanningH, therefore, enforces the time scales for e9change of information between the Transmission (icensee and the User(s!. *ll the concerned 38' O"I#5t!7# /
- 31
arties, where'er a
ro riate, shall ha'e due
regard to the confidentiality of such information.
6.).1 This Section formulates the Standards and Procedures for the HSystem PlanningH to enable the Transmission (icensee in consultation with the Users, for e'ol'ing an efficient, co.ordinated, secure and economical Transmission System for the +arnata,a Power #rid in order to satisfy the re8uirements of 2emand and #eneration. 382 >#rs?#5t!7# >la(/ rimary res onsibility of 2istribution ly (icensee within his area of su (icensees shall determine the ly. The 2istribution and &etail Su 6.5.1 The load forecasting shall be the
ea, load and energy forecasts of their
areas, for each category of loads for each of the succeeding 10N1: years and submit the same annually by 51st Garch to the Transmission (icensee. These shall include the details of demand forecasts, data methodology and assum tions on which the forecasts are based. The load forecasts shall be made for each interconnection oint with the +arnata,a Power #rid and other Users and shall include the annual ea, load and energy roDections along with the daily load cur'es. These forecasts shall be u dated annually and also whene'er maDor changes are made in the e9isting system. Ehere'er these forecasts ta,e into consideration demands for ower e9ceeding : GE by a single consumer, the ersonally satisfy himself regarding the 2istribution (icensee shall
materiali?ation of such a demand. 6.5.) The Transmission (icensee shall also re'iew the methodology and assum tions used by the 2istribution (icensees in ma,ing the load forecasts, in consultation with them. The resulting o'erall forecast will form the basis of lanning for e9 ansion of Transmission System, which will be carried out by the Transmission (icensee. To maintain the reliability of the interconnected &egional Power Systems, all artici ants must com ly with the lanning criteriaAguidelines of "E* as u dated from time to time.
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6.5.5 The Transmission (icensee shall be res onsible to re are and submit a long term (ten years! lan to the +E&" for #eneration e9 ansion and the Transmission System e9 ansion to meet the future demand in accordance with Section 1;./ of the Transmission (icence. The lanning shall be in conformity with the national ers ecti'e for Power #eneration and Transmission lan re ared by the "E*. 6.5.6 The Transmission (icensee shall forecast the demand for ower within the area of su ly for each of the succeeding ten years and ro'ide to the +E&" the details of demand forecasts, data, methodology and assum tions on which the forecasts are based. These forecasts shall be eriodically u dated. * least cost generation lan for the +arnata,a State has to be re ared to meet the ten years@ load demand according to the forecast, after e9amining the economic, technical and en'ironmental as ects of all a'ailable alternati'es and ta,ing into account the e9isting contracted generation resources and effects of demand management. Similarly, a long term (ten years! lan for the Transmission System lan shall be ro'ision for com atible with the abo'e load forecast and generation re ared and submitted to +E&". This shall also include reacti'e com ensation needed for the Transmission System. 6.5.: The Transmission (icensee shall be res onsible for integrating the load forecasts submitted by each of the 2istribution and &etail Su ly (icensees and determining the long.term (10 years! load forecasts for the State. >or determining the re8uirements for the entire State, an a ro riate di'ersity factor from the data a'ailable for the re'ious years shall ha'e to be chosen. The Transmission (icensee shall satisfy itself regarding the robability of materiali?ation of bul, loads of consumers with demands abo'e : GE in consultation with the 2istribution and &etail Su 383 ly (icensees concerned. >la((!(* Sta()ar)s a() >ro5#)<r#s/
- 33
6.6.1 The a
ower generation e9 ansion
lanning shall be carried out in ly Planning and Security StandardH lanned in accordance with the ro'ed by
accordance with the HPower Su Transmission System shall be
ro'ed by +E&" under Section 1; of the Transmission (icence. The
HTransmission System Planning and Security StandardH a +E&" under Section 1;.5 of the Transmission (icence. 38, >la((!(* Data R#G<!r# #(t/
6.:.1 To enable the Transmission (icensee to discharge its res onsibilities under the Transmission (icence by conducting System Studies and re aration of ers ecti'e lans for demand, generation and transmission as detailed in this section, all the Users shall furnish all the data to the Transmission (icensee from time to time detailed under 2ata &egistration Section and categori?ed as Planning 2ata (P2!, 'ide *nne9e H*H. 6.:.) To enable the Users to "o.ordinate lanning, design and o eration of licable to them. their lants and systems with the Transmission System they may see, certain salient data of the Transmission System as a The Transmission (icensee shall su ly these data from time to time as
detailed under 2ata &egistration Section and categori?ed as 2etailed Transmission System 2ata 'ide *nne9e HBH. 6.; In addition to the abo'e the abo'e ro'isions, the lanning code of Indian Electricity #rid "ode (IE#"! which call for data e9change shall also a Utilities Systems. 6.The one time data shall be submitted within ; months from the date the #rid "ode comes into effect, by all the concerned to the Transmission and 2istribution and &etail Su ly (icensees ly to the #enerating "om anies, "PPs, IPPs, Transmission (icensee, regarding generation A transmission of energy from Inter State Transmission
- 34
licensee. The data other than this one time data shall be made a'ailable to the Transmission (icensee on first of * ril and first of 7ctober e'ery year.
- 35
ANNE=E A
>LANNING DATA REDUIREMENTS ACla<s# 38,8.B >ART0I 0 GENERATION (To be furnished by the #enerating "om any to the Transmission (icensee! A0. Sta()ar) >la((!(* Data AG#(#rat!o(B TCERMAL I8 GENERAL/ 0 1. Site1 i. ii. iii. >urnish location ma to scale showing roads, &ailway "oal A>uel lin,age (li,e (i8uid $atural #as, $a tha. >urnish information on means of coal trans ort from "oal ithead stations or
lines, Transmission lines, &i'ers, and reser'oirs if any. (S%SA>7 etc.! trans ort from "oal mines in case of
means of coal carriage if coal is to be brought from distance. i'. In case of other fuels, >urnish details of sources of fuel and their trans ort. '. 'i. Eater Sources (>urnish information on a'ailability of En'ironmental (State whether forest, lands mining water for o eration of the ower Station!. clearance areas are affected!. ). Site Ga 1 (To scale! 5. * Showing area re8uired for ower station coal lin,age, coal
yard, water i e line, ash dis osal area, colony etc.
ro9imate eriod of construction.
6. #uaranteed Plant (oad >actor. :. *nnual #eneration.
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II. "onnection1 1. Point of connection >urnish single line diagram of the ro osed connection with the system. ). Ste u 'oltage for connection in +< III. Station "a acity1 1. Total Power Station GE ca acity (GE!. ). $o. of Units and Unit si?e GE. 5. #enerator Unit 2ata1 State whether de'elo ment will be carried out in and if so, furnish details. i. ii. Steam Turbine. State Ty e, ca acity, steam #enerator1 ressure, hases
steam tem erature etc. a! Ty e b! &ating (G<*! c! Terminal <oltage (+<! d! &ated Power >actor e! &eacti'e Power ca ability (G<*r! in the range 0./: leading and 0.=: lagging. f! Short "ircuit &atio g! 2irect a9is transient reactance (O on G<* rating! h! 2irect a9is sub.transient reactance (O on G<* rating! i! iii. *u9iliary Power re8uirement #enerator Transformer A Station Transformer
a! &ated "a acity (G<*! b! <oltage &atio (%<A(<! c! Ta change range (PO to .O! d! Percentage Im edance (Positi'e Se8uence at >ull load!.
- 37
A8.8' C;)ro El#5tr!5/ .8 G#(#ral/ 1. Site ). Site Ga (To scale! 5. Submerged *rea 6. * >urnish location ma to scale showing roads, railway lines, Transmission lines Ga showing ro osed dam, reser'oir area, water conductor system, fore bay, owerhouse etc. >urnish information on area of 'illages submerged,
forestland, agricultural land etc. ro9imate eriod of construction.
:. *nnual #eneration (Primary Energy, Secondary Energy! II8 Co((#5t!o(/ 1. Point of connection ). Ste u 'oltage for connection +< >urnish single line diagram of ro osed
connection with the transmission system
III8 Stat!o( Ca?a5!t;/ 1. Total ower station ca acity GE ). $o. of Units and unit si?e GE. IE8 G#(#rat!o( U(!t Data/ 1. 7 erating %ead (In Gtr! Ga9imum Ginimum ). Turbine 5. #enerator
State whether de'elo ment would be carried out in hases and if so furnish details
*'erage State ty e and ca acity a! Ty e - 38
b! &ating (G<*! c! Terminal <oltage (+<! d! &ated Power >actor e! &eacti'e Power ca ability (G<*r! in the range of 0./: leading and 0.=: of lagging. f! Short "ircuit &atio g! 2irect a9is transient reactance (O on rated G<*! h! 2irect a9is Sub.transient reactance (O on rated G<*! 6. #enerator . Transformer i! *u9iliary Power &e8uirement a! Ty e b! &ated "a acity (G<*! c! <oltage &atio %<A(< d! Ta change &ange (P O to . O! e! Percentage Im edance (Positi'e se8uence at >ull load rating!
- 39
A8' D#ta!l#) >la((!(* Data AG#(#rat!o(B A8'8. Th#r al >o:#r Stat!o(s I8 G#(#ral/
1. $ame of Power Station1 ). $o. and ca acity of #enerating Units (GE!1 5. &atings of all maDor e8ui ments1 (a! Boilers and GaDor accessories (Steam tem eratureA ressure! (b! "oal Gill (+E! (c! >eed water Pum s (+E! (d! I2 >ans (+E! (e! Turbines (f! *lternators (g! #enerating Unit Transformers (G<*! (h! Station Transformers 6. *u9iliary Transformers (G<*! :. Single line diagram of Power Station and switchyard. ;. &elaying and metering diagram. -. $eutral #rounding of #enerating Units. =. E9citation control (ty e . E.g. Static E9citation System, >ast Brushless! /. Earthing arrangements with earth resistance 'alues. II8 >rot#5t!o( a() M#t#r!(*/ 1. >ull descri tion including settings for all relays and rotection systems installed on the generating Unit, #enerating Unit Transformer, *u9iliary Transformer and electrical motor of maDor e8ui ment listed, but not limited to, under Sl.5 (#eneral!. ). 5. >ull descri tion including settings for all relays installed on all outgoing feeders from Power Station switchyard, tie circuit brea,ers, incoming circuit brea,ers. >ull descri tion of inter.tri the Transmission system.
ing of Brea,ers at the oint or oints of "onnection with
- 40
6. :. III8
Gost robable fault clearance time for electrical faults on the user@s system. >ull descri tion of o erational and commercial metering schemes. S:!t5h;ar)/
1. In relation to interconnecting transformers between %igh <oltage Transmission System and the #enerator Transformer %igh <oltage System1 (a! &ated G<* (b! <oltage &atio (c! <ector #rou (d! Positi'e se8uence reactance (ma9imum, minimum, normal Ta (O on G<*! (e! Positi'e se8uence resistance (ma9imum, minimum, normal Ta (O on G<*! (f! Qero se8uence reactance (O on G<*! (g! Ta changer &ange (P O to . O! and ste s (h! Ty e of Ta changer (7>>A7$! (i! 2etails of &eactors, and other circuits connected to tertiary winding of I"T. ). In relation to switchgear including circuit brea,ers, isolators on all circuits connected to the oints of connection1 (a! &ated <oltage (+<! (b! Ty e of Brea,er (G7"BA*B"BAS>;! (c! &ated short circuit brea,ing current (,*! 5 Phase (d! &ated short circuit brea,ing current (,*! 1 Phase (e! &ated short circuit ma,ing current (,*! 5 Phase (f! &ated short circuit ma,ing current (,*! 1 Phase (g! Pro'isions of auto reclosing with details. 5. (ightning *rresters, Technical data. 6. "ommunication. 2etails of P("" e8ui ments installed at oints of connections. :. Basic Insulation (e'el (+< !. (a! Bus bar.
- 41
(b! Switchgear. (c! Transformer Bushings. (d! Transformer windings. IE8 G#(#rat!(* U(!ts/ 0 A8 >ara #t#rs o@ G#(#rat!(* U(!ts/ 1. &ated terminal 'oltage (+<! ). &ated G<* 5. &ated GE 6. Inertia constant (GE Sec.AG<*! of #enerator, E9citer and Turbine :. Short circuit ratio ;. 2irect a9is synchronous reactance (O on G<*! -. 2irect a9is transient reactance (O on G<*! =. 2irect a9is sub.transient reactance (O on G<*! /. Ruadrature a9is synchronous reactance (O on G<*! 10. Ruadrature a9is transient reactance (O on G<*! 11. Ruadrature a9is sub.transient reactance (O on G<*! 1). 2irect a9is transient o en circuit time constant (Sec! 15. 2irect a9is sub.transient o en circuit time constant (Sec! 16. Ruadrature a9is transient o en circuit time constant (Sec! 1:. Ruadrature a9is sub.transient o en circuit time constant (Sec! 1;. Stator &esistance (7hm! 1-. Stator lea,age reactance (7hm! 1=. Stator time constant (Sec! 1/. &ated >ield current (*! )0. 7 en "ircuit saturation characteristic for 'arious terminal 'oltages gi'ing the e9citing current to achie'e the same. )1. #enerator "a ability "ur'e B8 >ara #t#rs o@ E45!tat!o( 5o(trol s;st# /
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1. Ty e of E9citation ). Ga9imum >ield 'oltage 5. Ginimum >ield 'oltage 6. &ated >ield 'oltage :. #ain >actor ;. >eed Bac, Strength -. Time constant for control am lifier =. Time constant for E9citer /. Time constant for >eed Bac, 10. 7ut ut 'oltage of control am lifier 11. Ga9imum 7ut ut 'oltage of control am lifier 1). Ginimum 7ut ut 'oltage of control am lifier 15. 2etails of e9citation loo in Bloc, 2iagrams showing transfer functions of indi'idual elements using IEEE symbols along with set 'alues. 16. 2ynamic characteristics of o'er . e9citation (imiter 1:. 2ynamic characteristics of under .e9citation (imiter $ote1 Using IEEE "ommittee &e ort symbols the following arameters shall be
furnished1 2, *, BS9, +a, +e, +f, Ta, Sf, <r(ma9!, <r(min!, Sa, Sb. C8 >ara #t#rs o@ Go7#r(or/ 1. #o'ernor a'erage gain (GEA%?! ). S eeder motor setting range 5. Time constant of steam or fuel #o'ernor 'al'e 6. #o'ernor 'al'e o ening limits. :. #o'ernor 'al'e rate limits. ;. Time constant of Turbine -. #o'ernor Bloc, 2iagram showing transfer functions of indi'idual elements using IEEE symbols along with set 'alues.
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E8 >la(t >#r@or a(5#/ 1. 2aily 2emand Profile ((ast Sear! ). 2aily 2emand Profile (forecast! 5. 6. :. ;. D8 Units #enerated (GU! Units consumed in *u9iliaries (GU! Units su lied from system to *u9iliary (oad Seasonal #eneration O?#rat!o(al >ara #t#rs/ Pea, and *'erage in time mar,ed 50 minutes throughout the day. In time mar,ed 50 minutes throughout the day.
1. Gin. notice re8uired for synchroni?ing a #enerating Unit from 2e.synchroni?ation. ). Gin. time between synchroni?ing different generating units in a Power station. 5. The minimum bloc, load re8uirements on synchroni?ing. 6. Time re8uired for synchroni?ing a generating unit for the following conditions1 (a!%ot (b!Earm (c!"old :. Ga9imum generating unit loading rate for the following conditions1 (a!%ot (b!Earm (c!"old ;. Ginimum load without oil su ort (GE!
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A8'8' C;)ro#l#5tr!5 Stat!o(s/ I8 G#(#ral/
1. $ame of Power Station1 ). $o. and ca acity of Units (G<*! 5. E9 ected le'el of #eneration 6. Period of #eneration (in months! er year :. Ehether the lant is based on water released from damAcanal for irrigation ur oses ;. &ating of all maDor e8ui ments. (a! Turbine (%P!1 (b! #enerators (G<*!1 (c! #enerator Transformers (G<*!1 (d! *u9iliary Transformers (G<*!1 -. Single line diagram of ower station and switchyard. =. &elaying and metering diagram. (a! $eutral grounding of generator. (b! E9citation control. (c! Earthing arrangements with earth resistance 'alues. II8 R#s#r7o!r Data/
1. Salient features1 1. Ty e of &eser'oir1 Gulti ur oseAPower only ). 7 erating Table with1 (i! (ii! (iii! III8 *rea ca acity cur'es, Unit ca ability at different net heads, >&(AG22(. >rot#5t!o(/ - 45
1. >ull descri tion including settings for all relays and rotection systems installed on the #enerating units, generator transformer, au9iliary transformer and electrical motor of maDor e8ui ment TincludedU, but not limited to those listed under #eneral. ). >ull descri tion including settings for all relays installed on all outgoing feeders from Power Station switchyard, tie brea,ers, and incoming brea,ers. 5. >ull descri tion of inter.tri the Transmission system. 6. Gost robable fault clearance time for electrical faults on the user@s system. IE8 S:!t5h;ar)/ ing of brea,ers at the oint or oints of "onnection with
1. Interconnecting Transformers1 (a! &ated G<* (b! <oltage &atio (c! <ector #rou (d! Positi'e se8uence reactance for ma9imum, minimum, normal Ta (O on G<*! (e! Positi'e se8uence resistance of ma9imum, minimum, normal Ta G<*!. (f! Qero se8uence reactance (O on G<*! (g! Ta changer &ange (P O to . O! and ste s (h! Ty e of Ta changer (7>>A7$! ). Switchgear (including circuit brea,ers, Isolators on all circuits connected to the oints of connection!1 (a! &ated 'oltage (+<! (b! Ty e of Brea,er (G7"BA*B"BAS>;! (c! &ated short circuit brea,ing current (+*! 5 Phase. (d! &ated short circuit brea,ing current (+*! 1 Phase. (e! &ated short circuit ma,ing current (+*! 5 Phase. (f! &ated short circuit ma,ing current (+*! 1 Phase. (g! Pro'isions of auto reclosing with details.
(O on
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(h! 2etails of Instrument Transformers. 5. (ightning *rresters, Technical Tada. 6. "ommunications1 2etails of communications e8ui ment installed at connections. :. Basic Insulation le'el (+<!1 (a! Bus bar (b! Switchgear (c! Transformer Bushings (d! Transformer Eindings ;. #enerating Units1 i. Parameters of #enerator1 (a! &ated terminal 'oltage (+<! (b! &ated G<* (c! &ated GE (d! Inertia constants (GE Sec.AG<*! of #enerator, E9citer and Turbines (e! Short circuit ratio (f! 2irect a9is synchronous reactance. (O on G<*! (g! 2irect a9is transient reactance. (O on G<*! (h! 2irect a9is sub.transient reactance (O on G<*! (i! Ruadrature a9is synchronous reactance (O on G<*! (D! Ruadrature a9is sub.transient reactance (O on G<*! (,! 2irect a9is transient o en circuit time constant (SE"! (l! 2irect a9is sub.transient o en circuit time constant (SE"! (m! Stator &esistance (7hm! (n! Stator lea,age reactance (7hm! (o! Stator time constant (Sec! ( ! &ated >ield current (*!
oints of
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(8! 7 en "ircuit saturation characteristics of the generator for 'arious terminal 'oltages gi'ing the com ounding current to achie'e this. (r! #enerator "a ability "ur'e !!8 T;?# o@ T<r"!(#/
(a! 7 erating %ead (Gtr.! (b! 2ischarge with >ull #ate 7 ening ("umecs! (c! S eed &ise on total (oad throw off (O! !!!8 >ara #t#rs o@ E45!tat!o( Co(trol s;st#
(*S *PP(I"*B(E T7 T%E&G*( P7EE& ST*TI7$S! !78 >ara #t#rs o@ Go7#r(or
(*S *PP(I"*B(E T7 T%E&G*( P7EE& ST*TI7$S! -. 7 erational arameters1 (a! (b! (c! Ginimum notice re8uired for synchroni?ing a #enerating Unit from 2e. synchroni?ation. Ginimum time between synchroni?ing different #enerating Units in a ower station. Ginimum bloc, load re8uirements on Synchroni?ing.
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A82 >la((!(* Data G#(#rat!o( (>or submission on re8uest by Transmission (icensee! I8 For Th#r al >o:#r Stat!o(s/
A8 G#(#ral/ 1. 2etailed ProDect re ort. ). Status &e ort1 (a! (and (b! "oal (c! Eater (d! En'ironmental clearance (e! &ehabilitation of dis laced ersons. 5. Techno.economic a 6. * :. >inancial tie.u . B8 Co((#5t!o(/ 1. &e ort of studies of arallel o eration with transmission system1 (a! (oad flow studies (b! Stability studies (c! Short "ircuit studies ). Pro osed connection with Transmission system1 (a! <oltage (b! $o. of circuits (c! Point of connection ro'al by "entral Electricity *uthority. ro'al of State #o'ernmentA#o't. of India.
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II8 C;)ro#l#5tr!5 >o:#r Stat!o(s/ A8 G#(#ral/ 1. 2etailed ProDect &e ort ). Status &e ort (a! To ogra hical sur'ey (b! #eological Sur'ey (c! (and (d! En'ironmental clearance (e! &ehabilitation of dis laced ersons 5. Techno.economic a 6. * :. >inancial Tie.u . B8 Co((#5t!o(/ 1. &e orts of studies for arallel o eration with +PT" system. (a! (oad flow studies (b! Short "ircuit studies (c! Stability studies ). Pro osed "onnection with Transmission System1 (a! <oltage (b! $o. of "ircuits. (c! Point of connection. ro'al by the "entral Electricity *uthority. ro'al of State #o't.A#o't. of India.
>ART 0 II 0 DISTRIBUTION ATo "# @<r(!sh#) "; th# D!str!"<t!o( Co ?a(; to th# Tra(s !ss!o( L!5#(s##B
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B8. Sta()ar) >la((!(* Data D!str!"<t!o( I8 G#(#ral/ Gar,ing the area in the ma 2istribution (icense is a lied. of +arnata,a for which 1. *rea ma (to scale!
). "onsumer 2ata >urnish categories of consumers, their $os. connected loads 5. &eference to Electrical 2i'isions resently in charge of the distribution II8 Co((#5t!o(/ >urnish single line diagram showing oints of connection. ). <oltage of su ly at oints of "onnection1 5. $ames of #rid Sub.Station feeding the oints of connection1 III8 L!(#s a() S<"0stat!o(s/ >urnish length of line and 'oltages within the area. >urnish details of 55A11 +< Sub.station, 11A0.6 +< Sub. stations, ca acitor installations1 IE8 Loa)s/ oints of ly, contract 1. (oads drawn at
1. Points of connection1
1. (ine 2ata1 ). Sub.station 2ata1
connection1 ). 2etails of loads fed at #i'e name of consumer, 'oltage of su E%< if any1
demand and name of #rid Sub.station from which line is drawn, length of E%T line from #rid Sub.station to
E8
consumer@s remises. D# a() Data AFor all Loa)s , M9 a() a"o7#B/ State whether furnace loads, rolling mills, traction loads, other industrial loads, um ing loads etc.
1. Ty e of load1
). &ated 'oltage1 5. Electrical loading of e8ui ment1

State number and si?e of motors, ty es - 51
of dri'e and control arrangements. 6. Sensiti'ity of load to 'oltage and fre8uency of su ly1 :. Ga9imum harmonic content of load1 ;. *'erage and ma9imum hase unbalance of load1 -. $earest sub.station from which load is to be fed1 =. (ocation ma to scale1 Ga shall show the location of load with reference to lines and sub.stations in the 'icinity. EI8 Loa) For#5ast Data/
1. Pea, load and energy forecast for each category of loads for each of the succeeding 10 years. ). 2etails of methodology and assum tions on which forecasts are based. 5. If su ly is recei'ed from more than one sub.station, the sub.station wise brea, u of ea, load and energy roDection for each category of loads for each of the succeeding 10 years along with estimated daily load cur'e.
6. 2etails of load : GE and abo'e. (a! $ame of ros ecti'e consumer. (b! (ocation and nature of loadAcom le9. (c! Sub.station from which to be fed. (d! <oltage of su ly. (e! Phasing of load.
B8' D#ta!l#) >la((!(* Data AD!str!"<t!o(B A8 G#(#ral/ 1. 2istribution ma (To scale!. Showing all lines u to 11 +< and sub.stations belonging to the (icensee.
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). Single line diagram of distribution system (showing distribution lines from oints of connection with transmission system 55A11 +< Sub.station, 11A0.6 +< sub.station, consumer bus if fed directly from Transmission system! 5. $umbering and nomenclature of lines and sub.stations (Identified with feeding #rid sub.stations of the transmission system and concerned 55A11 +< sub.station of su lier!. 6. Gonitoring of Transmission and 2istribution (osses (Gethods ado ted for reduction of losses to be stated!. B8 Co((#5t!o(/ 1. Points of connection (>urnish details of e9isting arrangement of "onnection! ). 2etails of metering of oints of connection.
C8 Loa)s/ 1. "onnected (oad ("ategory.wise! . >urnish consumer details, $o. of category.wise details of loads 1 GE and abo'e! ). Information on di'ersity of load and coincidence factor. 5. 2aily demand rofile (current and forecast! on each 55,<A11,< sub.station. 6. "umulati'e 2emand Profile of 2istribution (current and forecast! consumers
B82 D#ta!l#) >la((!(* Data AD!str!"<t!o(B (>or submission on re8uest by the Transmission (icensee! I8 G#(#ral/
1. 2etailed ProDect &e ort (>or new and system im ro'ement schemes! ). Status &e ort (a! (oad Sur'ey
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(b! (oad forecast for ne9t fi'e years 5. Single (ine 2iagram showing ro osed new lines and Sub.stations 6. Techno Economic a II8 Co((#5t!o(/ lied for ro'al by "E*
1. Points of connection as a (a! $ew
(b! U grading e9isting connection ). "hanges in metering at oints of connection III8 Loa)s/
1. 2etails of loads as er the forecast in ne9t fi'e years ). 2istribution of loads 55A11 ,< Sub.station wise roDected for ne9t fi'e years 5. 2etails of maDor loads of 1 GE and abo'e to be contracted for ne9t fi'e years I<. Im ro'ement Schemes for reduction of Sub.transmission and 2istribution (osses1 1. Statement of estimated Subtransmission and 2istribution losses for ne9t fi'e years ). Brief indication of im ro'ement scheme for reduction of losses (e9cer ts from 2etailed ProDect &e ort! (a! $ew lines (b! U grading of lines (c! $ew Sub.stationAU grading of Sub.stations (d! &earrangement of loads (e! Installation of ca acitors.
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ANNE=URE B ACla<s# 38,8'B >LANNING DATA REDUIREMENTS 0 TRANSMISSION ATo "# @<r(!sh#) to th# Us#r o( r#G<#st "; th# Tra(s !ss!o( L!5#(s##B B8. Sta()ar) >la((!(* Data ATra(s !ss!o(B
$ote1 . The com ilation of the data is the internal matter of the (icensee, and as such the (icensee shall ma,e arrangements for getting the re8uired data from different 2e artments of the (icensee to u .date its standard lanning 2ata in the format gi'en below1 1. $ame of the line1 (Indicating Power stations and Sub.stations to be connected! ). <oltage of line (+<!1 5. $o. of "ircuits1 6. &oute length ("+G!1 :. "onductor si?es1 ;. (ine arameters (PU on 100 G<* base (a! &esistanceA+G or ohmic 'alues!1 -. * ro9imate ower flow GE 3 G<*r1 =. Terrain of route1 (b! Inducti'e &eactance A+G (c! Suce tanceA+G #i'e information regarding nature of terrain /. &oute Ga (to scale!1 i.e., forestland, fallow land, agricultural and ri'er basin, hill slo e etc. >urnish to ogra hical ma showing the ro osed route showing e9isting 10. Pur ose of connection1 ower lines and telecommunication lines &eference to scheme, wheeling to other States etc.
11. *
ro9imate eriod of construction1
B8' D#ta!l#) S;st#
Data ATra(s !ss!o(B
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$ote1 The com ilation of the data is the internal matter of the Transmission (icensee, and as such the he shall ma,e arrangements for getting the re8uired data from different de artments of the (icensee to u date his Standard Planning 2ata in the format gi'en below. A8 G#(#ral/ (a! (b! (c! (d! (e! (f! (g! (h! Single line diagram of the Transmission system u to 55 +< bus at grid sub.station1 $ame of sub.station Power Station connected $umber and length of "ircuits Interconnecting transformers Sub.station bus layouts Power Transformers &eacti'e com ensation e8ui ment 1. The details of ca acitors installed ). *dditional ca acitors to be commissioned along with additional loads. (i! (ightning *rresters (D! Bus andAor (ine &eactors
B8 S<"0stat!o( la;o<t )!a*ra s sho:!(*/ (a! Bus bar layouts (b! Electrical circuitry, lines, cables, transformers, switchgear etc (c! Phasing arrangements (d! Earthing arrangements (e! Switching facilities and interloc,ing arrangements (f! 7 erating 'oltages (g! $umbering and nomenclature i. ii. iii. Transformers "ircuits "ircuit Brea,ers - 57
i'.
Isolating switches
C8 L!(# ?ara #t#rs/ AFor all C!r5<!tsB (a! 2esignation of line (b! (ength of line (+G! (c! $o. of circuits, si?e and ty e of conductor, thermal rating (d! Per "ircuit 'alues i. 7 erating 'oltage (+<! ii. Positi'e hase se8uence reactance . ohmsA+G iii. Positi'e hase se8uence resistance . ohmsA+G i'. Positi'e hase se8uence suce tance . mhosA+G '. Qero hase se8uence reactance . ohmsA+G 'i. Qero hase se8uence resistance . ohmsA+G 'ii. Qero Phase se8uence suce tance . mhosA+G D8 Tra(s@or #r ?ara #t#rs/ AFor all tra(s@or #rsB (a! &ated G<* (b! <oltage &atio (c! <ector #rou (d! Positi'e se8uence reactance on rated G<* base (Ga9., min. 3 normal! (e! Positi'e se8uence resistance on rated G<* base (ma9., min. 3 $ormal! (f! Qero se8uence reactance on rated G<* base (g! Ta change range (PO to .O! and ste s (h! 2etails of ta changer (7>>A7$! (i! $eutral #rounding TransformerA&esistor <alues E8 EG<!? #(t D#ta!ls/ AFor all S<"0stat!o(sB/ (a! "ircuit Brea,ers (b! Isolating switches (c! "urrent Transformers (d! Potential Transformers
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(e! (ightning *rresters F8 R#la;!(* a() #t#r!(*/
(a! &elay rotection installed for all transformers and >eeders along with their settings and le'el of co.ordination with other users. (b! Getering 2etails1 G8 S;st# st<)!#s/
(a! (oad flow studies (Pea, and lean load for ma9imum %ydro and ma9imum Thermal #eneration! (b! Transient stability studies for 5 Ph. >ault in critical lines, and single ole reclosing for 600 +< (ines. (c! 2ynamic stability studies (d! Short circuit studies ( 5 Ph. and single Ph. to earth! (e! Transmission and distribution losses in the system. C8 D# a() Data/ AFor all s<"0stat!o(sB (a! 2emand Profile (Pea, and lean load! i. ii. I8 (b! "urrent >orecast for ne9t : years R#a5t!7# Co ?#(sat!o( #G<!? #(t/ "a acities andAor inducti'e rating (<oltage and G<*r! or its o erating range. (c! 2etails of control (d! Point of "onnection to the system.
(a! Ty e of e8ui ment (fi9ed or 'ariable!
B82 D#ta!l#) >la((!(* Data ATra(s !ss!o(B ATo "# s<" !tt#) o( r#G<#st "; th# Tra(s !ss!o( L!5#(s##B I8 G#(#ral/
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1. 2etailed ProDect &e ort (>or new and System Im ro'ement Schemes! ). Status &e ort 5. (ine1 (a! &oute Sur'ey (b! >orest "learance 6. Sub.Stations (a! (and (b! En'ironmental "learance (c! Techno.economic a (d! >inancial Tie.u II8 Co((#5t!o(/ ro'al by "E*
1. Single (ine 2iagram showing osition of connection ). Sub.station layout diagram (a! $ew (b! *ddition and *lteration 5. &e'ised system studies with changed arameters 6. Point of "onnection (a! <oltage (b! (ength of circuit (c! "ircuit arameters (d! P("" facilities (e! &elaying with inter tri ing arrangements to inter tri system brea,er at oint of connection to isolate on fault (f! Getering at oint of connection.
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SECTION0,
CONNECTION CONDITIONS
,8.
I(tro)<5t!o(/ This Section of the #rid "ode formulates the technical, design and o erational criteria to be com lied with by the Users connected to the Transmission System.
,8'
O"I#5t!7# / The obDecti'e of this Section is to ensure the following1 1. *ll Users or ros ecti'e Users are treated e8uitably. ). *ny new "onnection shall not im ose any ad'erse effect on the e9isting Users. $ew "onnections shall not suffer ad'ersely due to e9isting Users. 5. * System of acce table 8uality is ensured by s ecifying the re8uired minimum standards for the design and o erational criteria to assist the Users in their re8uirement to com ly with the (icence obligations. 6. The ownershi and res onsibility for all the items of e8ui ment is clearly s ecified in the HSite &es onsibility ScheduleH for e'ery site where a connection is made.
,82
S!t# R#s?o(s!"!l!t; S5h#)<l#/
- 61
:.5.1 >or e'ery connection to the Transmission System for which a connection agreement is re8uired, the Transmission (icensee shall with the information su re are a Schedule of E8ui ment, ursuant to the rele'ant "onnection *greement, lied by the Users. This Schedule, called a HSite &es onsibility ScheduleH shall state the following for each item of e8ui ment installed at the "onnection Site1 . 1. ). 5. 6. :. ;. 7wnershi of the PlantA* aratus. aratus. aratus. aratus. &es onsibility for control of PlantA*
&es onsibility for o eration of PlantA*
&es onsibility for maintenance of PlantA* "onnected Site. The management of the Site.
&es onsibility for all matters relating to safety of any erson at the
:.5.) Each Site &es onsibility Schedule, in addition to the abo'e, shall contain all other information setout in the #rid "ode. *n illustrati'e HSite &es onsibility ScheduleH is furnished in the *nne9e H"H. :.5.5 The User owning the "onnection Site shall ro'ide reasonable access and other re8uired facilities for other Users whose e8ui ments are installedAto be installed at the "onnection Site for installation, o eration and maintenance etc. :.6 System Performance1 Transmission System shall satisfy the rele'ant Indian Standard :.6.1 The design and construction of all the e8ui ments connected to the S ecifications. In case of e8ui ment for which the Indian Standard S ecifications do not e9ist, the a International Standards shall a ly. ro riate IE", or IEEE or other
:.6.) Installation of all electrical e8ui ment shall com ly with IE &ules. :.6.5 >or e'ery new "onnection sought, the Transmission (icensee shall s ecify the "onnection Point and the su ly 'oltage, along with the
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metering and
rotection re8uirements as s ecified in the HGetering and
Protection StandardH. :.6.6 The o eration of the Transmission System shall be in accordance with the HTransmission System 7 erating StandardH. The User shall howe'er be subDect to the grid disci line rescribed by the S(2" and S&(2". :.6.: The Insulation "o.ordination of the Users@ e8ui ment shall conform to the a licable Indian StandardsA"ode of ractices. The ru turing ca acity of the switchgear shall not be less than that notified by the Transmission (icensee based on system studies. :.6.; The e8ui ment for data transmission and communications for all the Power Stations e9isting at the time the #rid "ode comes into effect shall be owned and maintained by the STU unless alternati'e arrangements are mutually agreed to. >or new Power Stations the same shall be owned and maintained by the STU, unless otherwise mutually agreed to by the #enerating "om any. ,8, Co((#5t!o( >o!(ts/ oint of connection with the Transmission System may be 600A))0A110A;; ,< or as agreed with the STU. The connection oint shall be the outgoing feeder gantry oint of the Power Station switchyard. The Getering Point shall be the outgoing feeder. *ll the rotection and metering e8ui ment within the erimeter of the Power Station shall be owned and maintained by the #enerating "om any. >rom the outgoing oint onwards, the Transmission (icensee shall maintain all the e8ui ment. :.:.) D!str!"<t!o( & R#ta!l S<??l; L!5#(s##/ The 'oltage at the by the 2istribution 3 &etail Su station. The metering oint of connection to the Transmission System may be 55A11 ,< or as s ecified ly (icensee. The connection oint shall be the outgoing feeder gantry of the Transmission (icensee@s sub. oint shall be at the outgoing feeder. *ll the
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:.:.1 G#(#rat!(* Co ?a(;/ The 'oltage at the
terminal, communication, rotection and metering e8ui ment within the remises of the Transmission (icensee shall be owned and maintained by the Transmission (icensee. The res ecti'e 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall maintain all the e8ui ment from the outgoing feeder gantry onwards. :.:.5 Co((#5t!o(s :!th oth#r Tra(s !ss!o( S;st# s / 0 The connection, metering and rotection scheme, metering oint and the 'oltage for the Southern &egional Transmission System shall be in accordance with the mutual agreement between the "TU and the STU. The connection for other neighbouring state transmission systems shall also be in accordance with the mutual agreement between the concerned state (icensees. :.:.6 C>>s a() B<lk Co(s< #rs/ 0 The 'oltage can be as agreed to by the TransmissionA2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees. The connection remises. "PPs and Bul, oint shall be the feeder gantry on their
consumers shall own their res ecti'e sub.stations. The metering oint shall be at the Transmission (icensee@s sub.station for the sale of ower to the 2istribution 3 &etail Su connection with their systems. ,86 >ro5#)<r# @or A??l!5at!o(s @or 5o((#5t!o(s to th# Tra(s !ss!o( S;st# / :.;.1 *ny User see,ing to establish new or modified arrangements for connection to andAor use of the Transmission System shall submit the following re ort, data and underta,ing along with an a &e ort stating the or modification to the * ur ose of the lication duly obser'ing the rocedural re8uirements to the Transmission (icensee1 ro osed connection andAor aratus to be connected modification, connecting site, descri tion of a ly (icensee. The metering oint for the sale of ower to the bul, consumers and "PPs shall be at the oint of
aratus already connected.

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licable data along with the data listed in the *nne9e * and B of ros ecti'e installation com lies with the
Section 6. "onfirmation that the ro'isions of IE &ules and IE *ct. "onstruction Schedule and target com letion date. *n underta,ing to the effect that the User shall abide by the #rid "ode and the * ro'isions of IE &ules, for installation and o eration of the aratus.
>or s ecial loads li,e *rc >urnaces, &olling Gills etc., &eal and &eacti'e Power <alues of the (oad with Time and %armonic (e'el. :.;.) The Transmission (icensee shall ma,e a formal offer to the User within two months from the date of recei t of a lication containing all the abo'e information along with any such information as may be reasonably re8uired. The brea,.u cost of the wor,s to be underta,en shall be furnished duly classified under the sub.heads li,e materials, labour and su er'ision. The offer made shall be subDect to obtaining or in com liance with the re8uired consents, a or otherwise. :.;.5 *n User whose de'elo ment re8uires the Transmission (icensee obtain any of the consents, a to ro'als, ermissions, and right of ways or orting information or e'idence4 ro'als, ermissions for right of way or other re8uirements, whether of statutory or contractual nature
to com ly with any other re8uirements mentioned in this #rid "ode shall1 i. Pro'ide necessary assistance, su and ii. Ensure attendance by such witnesses as the Transmission (icensee may reasonably re8uest. :.;.6 The estimated time schedule for com letion of such wor,s should also be identified ta,ing into account the time re8uired to obtain statutory
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clearances, waylea'es etc., where'er necessary. In res ect of offers for modifications to the e9isting "onnections, the terms shall also ta,e into account, the e9isting "onnection *greement. :.;.: If the nature of com le9ity of the ro osed 2e'elo ment is such that the rescribed time limit for ma,ing the offer is not considered ade8uate, the Transmission (icensee shall ma,e a more detailed analysis of the issues. 1. 7n recei t of the reliminary offer, the User shall indicate rom tly whether the Transmission (icensee should roceed further to ma,e a final offer within the e9tended time limit. ). If necessary, the Transmission (icensee may re8uire the User to furnish some or all of the 2etailed Planning 2ata at this stage itself in ad'ance of the normal time limit. :.;.; *ll offers (other than the reliminary offers! including re'ised offers shall remain 'alid for ;0 (si9ty! days from the date of issue of the offer. The Transmission (icensee shall ma,e a re'ised offer, u on re8uest by a User, if necessitated by changes in data furnished earlier by the User. :.;.- The User shall furnish the rele'ant 2etailed Planning 2ata to the Transmission (icensee within thirty days of acce tance of an offer or such longer eriod as the Transmission (icensee may agree in a articular case. :.;.= Ehere'er the State Power #rid is connected with the Inter State Transmission System, the ro'isions of "onnection "onditions of IE#" will re'ail. ,87 R!*ht to R#I#5t a( A??l!5at!o(/ lication for connection to andAor use of the Transmission system under the following conditions1 :.-.1 The Transmission (icensee may reDect any a reliminary offer within the rescribed time limit indicating the e9tent of additional time re8uired for
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1. If the
ro osed connections 'iolate any
ro'isions under the
Transmission (icense, ). If the ro osed wor,s stated in the a "ode, 5. If the a licant fails to gi'e the underta,ings according to clause licant :.;.1 of this section. :.-.) In the e'ent of an offer becoming in'alid or reDected by an a on the "onnection a original a within the 'alidity eriod, no further action shall be ta,en by the (icensee lications unless it is substantially different from the lication with regard to the system changes. lication do not lie within the ur'iew of the (icence or do not conform to the ro'isions of the #rid
,81 Co((#5t!o( A*r## #(ts/ :.=.1 * connection *greement, or the offer for a connection *greement, shall include, as a ro riate within its terms and conditions, the following1 1. * condition re8uiring both the arties to com ly with the #rid "ode. ). 2etails of connection andAor use of the system. 5. 2etails of any ca ital related ayments and any other ayments and de osits etc., arising from necessary reinforcement or e9tension of the System. 6. * HSite &es onsibility ScheduleH detailing the di'ision of res onsibility at the "onnection Sites in relation to ownershi , control, o eration and maintenance of Plant and * aratus and to safety of ersons. lication for 2e'elo ment by arameters, the
:.=.) If any offer was originally made u on an a
a User, which is subDect to changes in the design
Transmission (icensee shall ma,e a re'ised offer to the User including re'ised terms and e9tended time limit for submission of data. This re'ised offer shall form the basis of any "onnection *greement.
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ANNE=E C SITE RES>ONSIBILITY SCCEDULE $ame of the ower stationAsubstation owner1 Tele hone $o1 >a9 $o1 Permanent *ddress1
Item of Plant or Plant * aratus ..... ,<
7wner
&es onsibility for Safety "ontrol 7 eration
&emar,s
Gaintenance
Switch Sard C >eeders #enerating Units C*ll %< * aratus on any "onnection Site shall be shown on one Schematic diagram, which shall include details of the following1 1. Busbars ). "ircuit Brea,ers 5. Isolator 6. By ass facilities :. Earthing switches ;. Gaintenance earths -. 7'erhead line entries =. 7'erhead line tra s /. "able and "able sealing ends 10. #enerating Unit 11. #enerating Unit Transformers 1). #enerating Unit *u9iliary Transformers including (ow <oltage "ircuit Brea,ers 15. Station Ser'ice Transformers including (ow <oltage "ircuit Brea,ers 16. "a acitors including Synchronous "ondensers
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1:. Series or Shunt &eactors 1;. #rid Transformers (Inter "onnecting Transformers! 1-. Tertiary windings 1=. Earthing and *u9iliary Transformers 1/. Three hase 'oltage transformers )0. Single hase 'oltage transformers and hase identity )1. Surge *rresters )). $eutral earthing arrangements on %< Plant )5. "urrent transformers CCC
SECTION06 O>ERATION >LANNING AND SECURITY
68.
I(tro)<5t!o(/ This Section contains the guidelines for the Transmission (icensee to carry out the Planning of Power System 7 eration, including interface co.
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ordination with the Users, fi9ing the and System Integrity. 68' O"I#5t!7# /
arameters for 7 eration margin,
contingency reser'e, demand control etc., for a satisfactory grid o eration
The 7bDecti'e of this Section is to define the rocess, which will allow the Transmission (icensee to minimi?e transmission outages by coordination with the #enerating "om anies and other Users@ outages while maintaining system security to the e9tent 1. ). 5. E9ternal "onnections, System 7 eration and 2emand control. ossible. This section also ro'ides guidelines for setting out reser'es a'ailable from1
682 D# a() Est! at!o(/ ;.5.1The estimation of 2emand shall be carried out both in the long time scale to ensure systemA lant margins and ratings and in the shorter time scale to assist in the fre8uency control according to HSchedule of 2is atchH indicated in the HPower #eneration Ganagement and 7 erating StandardH. ;.5.)The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall formulate a long.term re'ious financial year as base and demand forecast considering the
roDecting the 2emand for the succeeding : years. 2uring this rocess he shall re'iew the status of loads materiali?ing as er the re'ious load forecast. Energy sales in each Tariff "lass shall be by ado ting an a roDected in the forecast eriod o'er the corres onding figures relating to the base year ro riate statistical method. The roDections shall ta,e into account the assumed normal growth for non.s ecific loads, s ecific and identified loads of 1 GE and abo'e, and the effects of 2emand Side Ganagement, if any, and energy conser'ation. The aggregate energy
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and ea, load re8uirements at each connection oint shall be estimated ta,ing into account the distribution losses. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall forward the long term demand forecast for each ly on connection oint with the Transmission System for his area of su following details on the basis of which the forecast is made1 (a! (b! (c! 2ata, Gethodology, *ssum tions ly
annual basis to the Transmission (icensee and +E&" along with the
;.5.5It shall be the res onsibility of all the 2istribution 3 &etail Su re aration of demand forecasts for the entire +arnata,a State. ;.5.6The 2istributionA&etail Su
(icensees to fully co.o erate with the Transmission (icensee in ly (icensees shall ro'ide their estimates of
2emand at each "onnection Point for the eriod from 1st Vuly to 50th Vune by 51st Garch of each year on a year ahead basis. This shall be u dated for e'ery month subse8uently in the re'ious month on month ahead basis, and in the re'ious day on day ahead basis as re8uired by the Transmission (icensee. ;.5.:Based on the data furnished by the 2istributionA&etail Su the Transmission (icensee shall ma,e monthly demand estimates for the year ahead, daily ahead demands. ;.5.;The Transmission (icensee shall use hourly generation summation figures and "PP im ortAe9 ort figures to meet the 2emand estimation. ;.5.-The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall ro'ide to the S(2", estimates of loads that may be shed, when re8uired, in discrete bloc,s with details of arrangements of such load shedding. ly (icensees, eriod eriod ea, and lean ea, and lean
demand estimates for the month ahead, and hourly estimates for the day
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;.5.=*ll the data shall be collected in accordance with the rocedures agreed to between the Transmission (icensee and each User. ;.5./The S(2" shall maintain a database of the total demand for the State on an hourly basis. 683 Data r#G<!r# #(ts/ ro'ide all the data indicated in the *nne9ure 2 to the S(2". Each #enerating "om any shall submit to the S(2" in writing during the month of Vune e'ery year, the #eneration Planning Parameters and the erformance chart of the #enerator to be a lied from the beginning of Vuly onwards, for the entire year. This information shall also be furnished when re8uired initially under the PP*. The #enerator Performance chart shall be for each s ecific #enerating Unit and include the details of the #enerator Transformers and demonstrate the limitation of reacti'e ca ability of the #enerating Unit at the Transmission System 'oltage of 10O abo'e normal as and when re8uired by the S(2". 68, R#l#as# o@ C!r5<!ts a() G#(#rator U(!ts !(5l<)#) !( th# o<ta*# ?la( / ro'ision in any a ro'ed outage lan, no cross boundary circuits or #enerating Units of a #enerating "om any shall be remo'ed from ser'ice without s ecific release from the S(2". This restriction shall not a a 686
;.;.1
;.6.1 The Users and the Transmission (icensee shall
;.:.1 $otwithstanding
ly to indi'idual #enerating Units of a "PP. 7nce
an outage has commenced, and if any delay in restoration is rehended, the S(2" or the User concerned shall inform the other arty rom tly together with the re'ised estimation of restoration time. Tra(s !ss!o( O<ta*# >la((!(*/
The S(2" shall roduce a yearly transmission 7utage rogram for the eriod from 1st of Vuly to 50th of Vune. *ll the #enerating "om anies and 2istribution 3 &etail Su containing the ly (icensees shall furnish, their identification of the ro osed outage rograms Unit, Sub.station, etc., date of start of
outage and duration of outage, in writing to the S(2" for the year ahead (from
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1st of Vuly to 50th of Vune! by first of *ugust each year. The S&(2" shall inform its ro osed outage that would affect the Transmission System to the S(2" by first $o'ember of each year. The S(2" shall interact with all the abo'e said agencies and re are an o timum draft outage lan to minimi?e interru tions to consumers to the e9tent ossible, if necessary by rescheduling any of the outages. The finally agreed transmission outage and furnished to all the Users by the first of Garch e'ery year. ;.;.) The outage lan shall be re'iewed by the S(2" 8uarterly in consultation with all the concerned agencies mentioned abo'e regarding any changes necessitated during the eriod and the re'ised outage lan shall be intimated to all the Users. The UsersB re8uests for additional outages, if any, shall be considered by the S(2" and accommodated to the e9tent changes shall be informed by the S(2" 2istribution 3 &etail Su affect them. ossible. Such rom tly to all the concerned. The ly would lan, ta,ing into account the regional and user re8uirements shall be re ared by the S(2"
ly (icensees shall also inform the consumers through
ublications in local news a ers whene'er interru tions to ower su
687
O?#rat!(* Mar*!(/ &eser'es re8uired for the satisfactory o eration of the Power System to co'er uncertainties in Plant a'ailability, 'ariations in 2emand forecasts, loss of E9ternal "onnections, loss of #eneration, constraints in the Transmission System and all other factors.
;.-.1 7 erating Gargin com rises of "ontingency &eser'e and 7 erating
;.-.) The re8uired "ontingency &eser'e shall be decided by the S(2" on the basis of historical trends in the reduction of a'ailability of the #enerating "om anies, im orts through inter.state tie lines and increases in 2emand forecast during real time o eration. ;.-.5 Ehene'er the "ontingency &eser'e is to be held by a Thermal Power Station, the S(2" shall include the same in the Indicati'e &unning notification andAor subse8uent dis atch instructions by which the
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#enerating "om any is notified of andAor instructed, that the #enerating Unit shall be o erated in the "ontingency &eser'e mode. 681 D# a() Co(trol/ >re8uency &elays as er the directions of the S(2" to reser'e the ;.=.1 *utomatic load shedding shall be resorted to by means of the Under o'erall integrity of the Power System. The number and si?e of the discrete bloc,s with the associated (ow >re8uency setting consultation with the 2istribution 3 &etail Su S&EB. ;.=.) Ehene'er restoration of large ortions of the total demand disconnections effected by the *utomatic load shedding is not ossible within a reasonable time, the S(2" shall im lement additional disconnections manually, to restore an e8ui'alent amount of demand disconnected automatically. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall hel the S(2" in identifying such load bloc,s. $o load shed by the o eration of automatic load shedding de'ices shall be restored without s ecific directions from the S(2". ;.=.5 Planned Ganual 2isconnection shall be im lemented by the S(2" when there is a shortfall in #eneration, or "onstraints in Transmission, or reduction of im orts through E9ternal "onnection etc., re8uiring 2emand "ontrol o'er rolonged eriod. In such cases a rotational load shedding scheme shall be ado ted to ensure e8uitable treatment for all "ustomers as far as racticable. ;.=.6 Emergency Ganual 2isconnection to deal with unacce table 'oltage and fre8uency le'els, thermal o'er loads etc shall be im lemented by the S(2" only when loss of #eneration, mismatch of #eneration with the demand or "onstraints in the Transmission System, result in an
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redetermined for
*utomatic (oad Shedding shall be determined on rotational basis in ly (icensee. The fre8uency settings of these relays shall be coordinated in consultation with the
emergency situation, re8uiring load shedding at short notice or no notice, to maintain a &egulating Gargin. 68% S;st# S#5<r!t;/ ;./.1 *ll Users shall co.o erate with the STU so that the res ecti'e sections of the Power System o erate in synchronism with +arnata,a Power #rid. The Transmission (icensee shall o erate the inter.?onal lin,s and ensure smooth e9change of ower in the Southern #rid among the com onent State #rids. ;./.) The Transmission System shall not be isolated from the Southern #rid e9ce t under the following conditions1 1. Emergency situations that may result in the total grid colla se. ). Isolation of the system to re'ent serious damage to e8ui ment. 5. Instructions of the S(2" or the S&(2" under o erating conditions. 6. 7 eration of under fre8uencyAislanding scheme as a S&EB. ;./.5 "om lete synchronism shall be restored as soon as the conditions ermit. The restoration rocess shall be su er'ised by the S(2". ;./.6 The Transmission (ines of ;; ,< and abo'e, and the Inter "onnecting Power Transformers, e9ce t radial lines which do not affect the grid o eration, should not be o ened without instructions or from the S(2" unless under emergencies when rior clearance ro'ed rior clearance is not ro'ed by the
ossible. *ll such isolations that do not fall under the guidelines a
by the S&EB shall be ut u before the &e'iew Panel for ratification. The S(2" may refer the matter to the &e'iew Panel if it feels that the reasons for not ta,ing rior ermission are not Dustified. ;./.: *ny tri ing of the Transmission (ines or Power Transformers whether actuated by rotecti'e relays or manually, shall be rom tly re orted to the S(2" by the Engineer in "harge of the sub.station at the earliest
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along with the reasons for such tri
ing and the time re8uired for
restoration. The re ort shall accom any all the rele'ant informationAdata including the out uts of the 2isturbance &ecorder, Se8uential E'ent &ecorder etc., re8uired for the ur ose of analysis. ;./.; The go'ernors of all the #enerating Units of ca acity :0 GE and abo'e, e9ce t run of the ri'er hydroelectric ower stations without ondage, and steam turbines of combined cycle gas turbines, shall be in free o eration at all times. If for any reason, the go'ernors are loc,ed, the same should be intimated to the S(2" along with the reasons and duration of such o eration, which has to be ratified by the &e'iew Panel subse8uently. The (oad (imiter, *utomatic Turbine &un.u su System (*T&S!, Turbine Su er'isory "oordinated "ontrol System etc shall not be used to ress the normal go'ernor action in any manner. $o dead bands and time delays shall be deliberately used. ;./.- *ll #enerating Units shall be ca able of and shall not be re'ented from ic,ing u :O e9tra load, more than the declared Ga9imum "ontinuous &ating, for at least fi'e minutes or within the technical limits s ecified by the manufacturers, when the fre8uency falls due to a system contingency. In case any #enerating Unit of :0 GE and abo'e does not meet this re8uirement for any eriod, the #enerating "om any should intimate the same to the S(2". The concerned constituents shall ma,e all efforts to com ensate this shortfall in s inning reser'e by maintaining an e9tra s inning reser'e on their other #enerating Units run by them. ;./.= In case the fre8uency falls below 6/.: %?, all the artly loaded #enerating Units shall 3 &etail Su ic, u additional load at a faster rate, according to their ca ability. The S(2" in consultation with the S&(2" and the 2istribution ly (icensees shall re are a lan for automatic load relief during the low fre8uency conditions. In case the fre8uency rises to :0.: %? or higher, neither any #enerating Unit which is in stand by made shall
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be synchroni?ed with the #rid nor *cti'e Power generation at any generating station increased irres ecti'e of the ty e and ownershi . ;././ $o #enerating "om any shall suddenly increaseAdecrease its generation without rior intimation to the S(2" e9ce t during emergencies or to 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall cause a sudden re'ent an imminent danger to any costly e8ui ment. Similarly no 2istribution decreaseAincrease in its load due to im ositionAlifting of ower cuts etc., without rior intimation and consent of the S(2", articularly when the fre8uency is less than 6/.: %? or abo'e :0.: %?. ;./.10 *ll #enerating Units shall ha'e *utomatic <oltage &egulators in o eration, with a ro riate settings. If for any reason it has to be o erated without the same, the S(2" shall be intimated immediately with reasons and duration of such o eration and its concurrence obtained. The metering and rotection systems shall be ro'ided according to the HGetering and Protection StandardH. The settings of coordinated as er the rotecti'e relays shall be HProtection lan se arately finali?ed by the
"ommitteeH to be constituted by the &e'iew PanelATransmission (icensee in consultation with the S&EB where'er re8uired. ;./.11 Users shall com ly with the following a se arately1 1. ). 5. 6. :. ;. -. =. Power #eneration Planning and Security Standard. Power #eneration Ganagement and 7 erating Standard. Transmission System Planning and Security Standard. Transmission System Ganagement and 7 erating Standard. Getering and Protection Standard. 2istribution Planning and Security Standard. 2istribution System 7 eration and Gaintenance Standard. Safety Standards for 2istribution System. licable standards issued
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;./.1) The Users shall ma,e all ossible efforts to ensure that the grid fre8uency always remains within the 6/.0 . :0.: %? band, the fre8uency range within which the steam turbines conforming to the IE" s ecifications can safely o erate.
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ANNE=URE D
O>ERATION >LANNING DATA A8 O<ta*# >la((!(* Data/ .8 D# a() Est! at#s/ Estimated aggregate annual sales of energy in million units and ea, and lean demand in GE and G<*r at each connection oint for the eriod from 1st Vuly of current year to 50th of Vune of the ne9t year shall be submitted before 51st Garch of current year. Estimated aggregate monthly sales of energy in million units and ea, and lean demand in GE and G<*r at each connection oint for the ne9t month shall be submitted before 1:th of current month. %ourly demand estimates for the day ahead shall be submitted at 10.00 hours e'ery day. '8 Est! at#s o@ loa) sh#))!(*/ 2etails of discrete load bloc,s that can be shed to com ly with instructions issued by the S(2" when re8uired, from each connection oint soon after connection is made. 28 Y#ar ah#a) o<ta*# ?ro*ra / (>or the eriod 1st Vuly to 50th Vune! i. #eneratorsB outage rogram1 Information shall be furnished within 1st *ugust each year1 (a! Identification of #enerating Unit. (b! GE, which will not be a'ailable as a result of outage. (c! Preferred Start dates and Start.time or range of start dates and Start Times and eriod of outage. (d! If outages are re8uired to meet statutory re8uirements, then the latest date by which outage must be ta,en. ii. S&(2"@s Sear ahead outage rogram1 - 79
(*ffecting transmission system! Information shall be furnished within 1st $o'ember of each year1 (a! GE, which will not be a'ailable as a result of outage from Im orts through e9ternal connections. (b! Start.2ate and Start.Time and eriod of outage. Iii. "PP@s Sear ahead outage rogram1 Information to be furnished within 1st of *ugust of each year1 (a! GE which will not be a'ailable as a result of outage. (b! Start.2ate and Start.Time and eriod of outage. iii! (a! (b! (c! i'! (a! (b! 2istribution "om anyBs Sear ahead outage rogram1 Information shall be furnished within 1st of *ugust of each year1 (oad in GE not to be a'ailed from any connection oint. Identification of connection oint. Period of sus ension of drawal with Start.date and Start.time. The (icenseeBs o'erall outage rogram1 Information shall be furnished before 1st Garch of each year. &e ort on each year. &elease of finally agreed outage lan. ro osed outage rogram to the S&2(" by 1st $o'ember
B8 G#(#rat!o( S5h#)<l!(* Data/ Schedule and dis atch shall be submitted by1 a! 2ay ahead hourly GEAG<*& a'ailability (0.00 . )6.00 %rs.! of all #enerator Units at 10.00 %rs. e'ery day. b! 2ay ahead hourly GE im ortAe9 ort from "PP@s of all #enerator units at 10.00 %rs. e'ery day. c! Status of #enerating Unit *<& in ser'ice (SesA$o! all #enerator units at 10.00 %rs. e'ery day.
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d! Status of #enerating Unit s eed controls system #o'ernor in ser'ice (SesA$o! all #enerator units at 10.00 %rs. e'ery day. e! S inning &eser'e ca ability (GE! of all #enerator units at 10.00 %rs. e'ery day. f! Bac,ing down ca ability withAwithout 7il su units at 10.00 %rs. e'ery day. g! %ydro &eser'oir le'el 3 restrictions all #enerator units at 10.00 %rs. e'ery day. h! #enerating Units %ourly summation out uts of all #enerator units at 10.00 %rs. e'ery day. i! 2ay ahead hourly GE entitlements from "entral Sector #eneration at 11.00 %rs. e'ery day. C8 Ca?a"!l!t; )ata/ (a! (b! #enerators shall submit to the Transmission (icensee u to date ca ability cur'es for all #enerating Units on recei t of re8uest from the Transmission (icensee. "PPs shall submit to the Transmission (icensee net return ca ability that shall be a'ailable for e9 ortAim ort from Transmission system on recei t of re8uest from Transmission (icensee. ort (GE! all Thermal #enerator
D8 R#s?o(s# to Fr#G<#(5; 5ha(*#/ (a! Primary &es onse in GE at different le'els of loads ranging from minimum #eneration to &egistered ca acity for fre8uency changes resulting in fully o ening of go'ernor 'al'e. (b! Secondary &es onse in GE to fre8uency changes.
E8 Mo(!tor!(* o@ G#(#rat!o(/ (a! #enerators shall ro'ide hourly generation summation to the S(2" on
&eal Time basis in the first wee, of the succeeding month.

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(b! (c! (d!
"PP@s shall ro'ide hourly e9 ortAim ort GE to the S(2" on &eal Time basis in the first wee, of the succeeding month. (ogged readings of #enerators to the S(2" whene'er re8uired. 2etailed re ort of generating Unit tri ing on monthly basis.
F8 Ess#(t!al a() (o(0#ss#(t!al loa) )ata/ Schedule of essential and non.essential loads on each discrete load bloc, for ur oses of load shedding shall be furnished as soon as ossible after connection. G8 >rot#5t!o( Data/ a! #eneratorsA"PP@s shall submit details of installed by the m as er the detailed HProtection and GeteringH as a schemes installed by them. c! 2etailed system 2ata re8uired for relaying and metering of the Transmission lines and Sub.Stations in relation to connection with any User as a detailed Planning data. C8 M#t#r!(* Data/ (a! (b! (c! #eneratorsA"PPs shall submit details of metering e8ui ment and schemes installed by the m. 2etailed Planning 2ata under Sub.Station HProtection and GeteringH as a licable to 2etailed Planning 2ata. The Transmission (icensee shall submit details of metering e8ui ment and schemes installed by them. CCC licable to rotection re8uirement and schemes lanning data under Sub.Station rotection e8ui ment and
licable to 2etailed Planning 2ata.
b! The Transmission (icensee shall submit details of
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SECTION07 SYSTEM O>ERATION METERING, >ROTECTION, DES>ATCC AND CONTROL 78. -.1.1 S5o?#/ This Section s ecifies the rocedure to be ado ted for the scheduling of des atch of the #enerating Units to meet the demand and drawal allocations, the management of fre8uency and 'oltages in the E%< system, the minimum re8uirement of 78' O"I#5t!7#/ methodology to be followed by the Transmission (icensee for healthy o eration of the system to meet the s ecified standards of electrical ower under normal o erating conditions as follows1 i. (aying down the rocedures for the function of S(2",
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rotection le'els and metering
s ecifications for the 'arious com onents of the system. -.).1 The main obDecti'e of this section is to formulate the detailed
ii.
2efining the res onsibilities of the Transmission (icensee and other Users,
iii. S ecify the minimum standards of rotection to be em loyed in the Power Stations, Sub.stations, and Transmission and 2istribution Systems by the concerned agencies. 782 G#(#ral/ co.o erate with the Transmission (icensee to maintain the System integrity and healthy o eration. The entire #rid is one unit right from the oint of generation to the ultimate consumers and the 'arious agencies in'ol'ed in the management of the Power System shall ro'ide a healthy coordination to the S(2" who will be the central agency for o eration of the State #rid. The success or failure of the Power System entirely de ends on the full coo eration of all the endea'or. 783 S;st# e8ui o?#rat!o( a() )#s?at5h/ ed for an o timum and reliable o eration of the Power System. artici ants in this -.5.1 It is essential that all the Users of the Transmission System shall fully
-.6.1 The Transmission (icensee shall o erate and maintain the S(2" fully -.6.) The estimation of daily (oad 2emand on day ahead basis shall be carried out, in general, and furnished to the S(2" by the 2istribution (icensees ,ee ing in 'iew the following as ects1 i. 7utage PlanningAScheduled rostering, ii. iii. i'. 'i. 'ii. %istorical data of load for the same monthAdayAtime, Pre'ious day@s 2emand, Present weather conditions and meteorological re orts, >orce GaDeure conditions such as floods, riots etc., <acations, Sundays and other holidays,
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'. &e8uirement of meeting im ortant loads on festi'als etc.,
'iii.
$umber and fre8uency of brea,downs and their reco'ery eriod.
-.6.5 *ll the generating com anies shall furnish their generator a'ailability details of the 8uarter hourly GEAG<*rAGa9imum GEhrs by 10 *G of each day for the ne9t day. -.6.6 The 2es atch instructions shall be issued by the S(2" by the tele hone messageAfa9 messageAe.mail and contain the following1 i. ii. S ecific generating com any to which the instruction a The out ut to which the instruction a instruction is issued, i'. Issue time of instruction, '. $ame of the sender of des atch instruction, ly Ganagement and 7 eration StandardH, which is 'i. S inning &eser'e (GE!. -.6.: The HPower Su s ecifies the i. ii. iii. '. 'ii. 'iii. issued se arately, forms an integral art of this Section. The standard rocedures for the following as ects to be followed by ly . clause no.5.0 S(2" and all the Users for the satisfactory o eration of the system1 Ruality of Power Su 7utage Planning . clause no.6.0 #eneration Scheduling and 2es atch . clause no.:.0 <oltage and &eacti'e Power management . clause no.-.0 Schedule of 2es atch . clause no./.0 Standards to be met by the generating com anies . clause no.10.0 i9. #eneration &eser'e . clause no.11.0 9. Gonitoring of generation . clause no.1).0 The S(2" and all the Users shall strictly follow these rocedures.
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lies,
lies,
iii. The start time where'er the same is different from the time the
i'. >re8uency Ganagement . clause no.;.0 'i. Blac,. start o erations . clause no.=.0
-.6.; The +arnata,a Power #rid normally o erates in synchronism with the Southern #rid and the S&(2" has the o'erall res onsibility of enforcing the #rid disci line and managing the fre8uency in the region. The S(2" shall follow the instructions of S&(2" in this regard for bac,ing downAshutting down generation, regulating the load flow etc., to meet the obDecti'e. The S(2" shall accordingly instruct the generating com anies to regulate their generation and hold reser'es of *cti'e and &eacti'e Power within their res ecti'e declared arameters. -.6.- The S(2" shall also regulate the load as may be necessary to meet this obDecti'e. The Transmission System <oltage le'els can be affected by regional o eration. The Transmission (icensee shall o timi?e 'oltage management by adDusting the Transformer ta s to the e9tent a'ailable and switching the ca acitorsAreactors and ta,e such other o erational ste s indicated in the Transmission Ganagement and 7 erating Standard. The S(2" shall also instruct the generating com anies to regulate the G<*r generation within their declared arameters. The S(2" shall also instruct the 2istribution (icensees to regulate their demand if necessary. The 2istribution and &etail Su (icensees shall also ly artici ate in the 'oltage management by
regulating their drawal and by installing com ensatory e8ui ment as may be re8uired. If acce table 'oltage le'els are still not reached by these measures, the Transmission (icensee shall ta,e necessary ste s to augment the 'oltage le'el such as strengthening of the Transmission System andAor installation of re8uisite shunt ca acitors adding com ensatory e8ui ment, building new lines etc., to meet the 'oltage criteria. -.6.= * regular rocedure shall be e'ol'ed by the Transmission (icensee with all the generating com anies for a attern of generation reduction at different Power Stations when the system load comes down after the
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ea, load eriod. Schedule and 2es atch rocedure shall be suitably modified from time to time ,ee ing in 'iew of the tariff agreements for achie'ing o timum cost of ower as soon as such arrangements are reached with the generating com anies. -.6./ The 2istribution and &etail Su ly (icensee shall maintain a Power >actor of not less than 0./0 lag as re8uired in the H2istribution System 7 eration and Gaintenance StandardH and furnish all the data re8uired by the S(2" to ascertain the &eacti'e Power flow to their distribution system. The S(2" may also instruct the 2istribution and &etail Su (icensees to maintain a 78, M#t#r!(* a() >rot#5t!o(/ stations and the distribution systems shall meet the s ecific re8uirements of the HGetering and Protection StandardH issued se arately. This standard also forms an integral art of this Section. *ll users shall coo erate with the Transmission (icensee to ensure correct and a ro riate settings of rotection to achie'e an effecti'e, discriminatory remo'al of faulty e8ui ment within the target clearance time s ecified in this Standard. Protecti'e &elay settings shall not be altered, or rotection by assed andAor disconnected, without consultation and agreement of all the affected Users. In the case where Protection is by assed andAor disconnected by agreement, then the cause must be rectified and rotection restored to normal condition as 8uic,ly as ossible. If agreement has not been reached, the electrical e8ui ment shall be remo'ed from ser'ice forthwith. 786 F!r# >rot#5t!o(/ against fire ha?ards to all a aratus in the System conforming to the
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ly
ro riate Power >actor and ta,e all measures
minimi?e &eacti'e Power drawal. -.:.1 The metering and rotection to be ro'ided at the Power Stations, Sub.
-.;.1 *ll ade8uate recaution shall be ta,en and rotection shall be ro'ided
rele'ant Indian Standard S ecifications andAor recommendations. ***
ro'isions of IE &ules
1/:; as amended from time to time and the Tariff *d'isory "ommittee
SECTION01 MONITORING OF GENERATION AND DRA9AL
18.
S5o?#/ rocedure to be followed by the S(2" for erformance of Power Plant. The
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=.1.1 This Section co'ers the
monitoring the #enerating 7ut ut, *cti'e and &eacti'e reser'e ca acity re8uired for e'aluation of the
monitoring of scheduled 2rawal is im ortant to ensure that the Transmission (icensee contributes towards im ro'ing the &egional erformance, and obser'es #rid disci line. 18' O"I#5t!7#/ =.).1 The obDecti'e of this Section is to define the res onsibilities of all Users in monitoring the erformance of their #enerating Units, and the 2istribution 3 &etail Su =.5.1 ly (icenseeBs com liance with the scheduled 2rawal. 182 Mo(!tor!(* >ro5#)<r#/ >or the effecti'e o eration of the Transmission System, it is im ortant that the declared a'ailability of the #enerating "om any is realistic and the de artures are continuously fed bac, to the #enerating "om any for effecting the re8uired im ro'ement. The Transmission (icensee shall continuously monitor the #enerating Unit out uts and bus 'oltages. Gore stringent monitoring shall be erformed at any time when there are reasons to belie'e that the #enerating "om any@s declared a'ailability may not match with the actual a'ailability, or declared out ut does not match with the actual out ut. =.5.) The Transmission (icensee shall inform the #enerating "om any, in writing, if continual monitoring demonstrates an a arent ersistent or material mismatch between the dis atch instructions and the #enerating Unit out ut or breach of the H"onnection "onditionsH. This more stringent monitoring shall be carried out by the S(2", if agreement is not reached between the concerned arties on the erformance of the #enerating Unit. The results of stringent monitoring shall be re orted by the S(2" to the #enerating "om any. "ontinual discre ancies shall be resol'ed at a ro riate le'els for im ro'ing the erformance, ro'iding more realistic declarations or correcting any breach of H"onnection "onditionsH. =.5.5 The #enerating "om anies shall ro'ide to the S(2" hourly generation summation out uts where'er no automatic transmitting metering or
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S"*2* e8ui ment e9ists. *ll the "PPs (ca acity abo'e : GE! shall ro'ide to the S(2" hourly e9 ortAim ort GE and G<*r. The #enerating "om any shall a'ailable. =.5.6 The connection oints with the Inter State Transmission Systems including the Transmission (ines and Substations of the "entral Transmission Utility, the metering arrangements including installation, testing, o eration and maintenance of meters and collection, trans ortation and rocessing of data re8uired for accounting of energy e9changes and the a'erage fre8uency, on 1: minute time bloc, basis shall be ro'ided by the "entral Transmission Utility A S&(2". Processed data on meters along with the data relating to the declared ca ability and schedules etc., shall be furnished by S&(2" to the Transmission (icensee, e'ery month, for billing ur oses. 183 Mo(!tor!(* o@ Dra:al "; th# Gr!)/ =.6.1 The S(2" shall continuously monitor actual GE 2rawal (Im ortAE9 ort! against the scheduled drawal from the #enerating "om anies, by the use of S"*2* e8ui ment where'er a'ailable, or otherwise using a'ailable metering. The S(2" shall re8uest the S&(2" and adDacent States as a =.6.) ro riate to ro'ide any additional data re8uired to enable this monitoring to be carried out. The S(2" shall also monitor the actual G<*r Im ortAE9 ort. This will be used to assist in the 'oltage management in the Transmission System. 18, G#(#rat!(* U(!t Tr!??!(*s/ =.:.1 The #enerating "om anies shall rom tly inform the tri ing of a #enerating Unit, with reasons, to the S(2" in accordance with the guidelines gi'en in the o erational e'entAaccident re orting Section. The
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ro'ide other logged readings, which the S(2" may
reasonably re8uire, for monitoring ur oses where'er S"*2* data is not
S(2" shall ,ee a written log of all such tri
ings, including the reasons
for the ur ose of demonstrating the effect on system erformance and identifying the need for remedial measures. The #enerating "om anies shall submit a detailed re ort of their #enerating Unit tri S(2" e'ery month. 186 Data R#G<!r# #(ts/ =.;.1 The #enerating "om anies and the "PPs shall submit the following data on monthly basis to the S(2" in the first wee, of e'ery succeeding month1 1. #enerating "om anies1 a! %ourly #eneration and summation on real time basis, b! (ogged readings of #enerating Units as re8uired, c! 2etailed re ort of the #enerator Unit tri
CCC
ings to the
ings.
1. "PPs (abo'e : GE!1 %ourly e9 ortAim ort GE on real time basis.
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SECTION0%
CONTINGENCY >LANNING %8. S5o?#/ /.1.1 This Section formulates the reco'ery rocedure to be followed by all the Users in the e'ent of failure of +arnata,a Power #rid, or the Southern #rid resulting in total or artial colla se of the System causing blac,outs. %8' O"I#5t!7#/ /.).1 The obDecti'e of this Section is to define the res onsibilities of all the Users for achie'ing the fastest ossible reco'ery of the #rid in the e'ent of a failure in the Transmission System, or any sudden loss of #eneration or a blac,out caused due to the failure of the Southern #rid. /.).) The rocedure to be ado ted for a fast reco'ery shall ta,e into account the following1 i. The essential loads to be restored immediately, ii. The ca abilities of the Power Stations,
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iii. The ossible transfer of ower from the neighbouring Systems through Inter State Transmission (ines, i'. The e9tent of immediate a'ailability of ower from the "entral Sector Power Stations. /.).5 The main obDecti'e is to achie'e the following1 i! &estoration of the total system and associated demand in the shortest ossible time ii! &esynchroni?ation of arts of the system which ha'e ceased to be in synchronism, iii! To ensure that the communication arrangements for use in circumstances of serious disru tion to the System, are a'ailable to enable senior management re resentati'es of the S(2", the Transmission (icensee and the Users who are authori?ed to ta,e decisions on behalf of the Transmission (icensee or the User, i'! To ensure that the Transmission System can o erate in the e'ent the S(2" is inca acitated for any reason. %82 Strat#*;/ /.5.1 The situation re'ailing rior to the occurrence of the contingency, e.g. a'ailability of s ecific Power Stations, Transmission (ines, and load 2emands will largely determine the restoration rocedure to be ado ted in the e'ent of a total blac,out. The S&(2" and the S(2" shall coordinate in determining the e9tent of the roblem. The S(2" shall inform all the Users of the situation and ad'ise them to follow the strategy as outlined in this Section for restoration. The Personnel authori?ed by the Users shall
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be readily a'ailable at the Users@ end for communication and acce tance of all o erational communications throughout the eriod of contingency. The use of "ommunication channels shall be restricted to the o erational communications only, till normalcy is restored. %83 Total R#*!o(al Bla5ko<t/ /.6.1 The S(2" shall instruct all the #enerating "om anies ha'ing Power Stations with Blac,.Start ca abilities, to commence their start.u ower su re. lanned Blac,. Start rocedure. The S(2" may also re8uest the "PPs to e9tend ly to the Power Stations of the #enerating "om anies, re are the Transmission System for restoration by ly (icensees shall be where'er they may be feasible. /.6.) The S(2" shall creating discrete ower islands with no interconnection. /.6.5 "lose coordination with 2istribution 3 &etail Su maintained during the restoration rocess to form and ma,e a'ailable
discrete load bloc,s to maintain the stability of the #enerating Units, immediately after they become a'ailable in indi'idual islands. /.6.6 Power Stations, to which the start u shall se8uence their start u demand with the su ly a'ailable. ower su ly is made a'ailable, ower acti'ities to match their au9iliary
/.6.: The Engineer.in.charge of the Power Station shall inform the S(2" as and when the #enerating Units become a'ailable to ta,e load, so that the S(2" may assess the load 2emand which the #enerating Unit is li,ely to ic,u on closing of the circuit brea,er. /.6.; The S(2", in close coordination between the #enerating "om anies and 2istribution 3 &etail Su i. ly (icensees shall ta,e the following ste s1 >ormation of discrete ower islands with one #enerating Unit feeding some of the local loads,
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ii.
E9tend such islands by adding more #enerating Units and more loads in a coordinated manner maintaining (oad.#eneration Balance,
iii. Synchroni?e these islands to form a larger, more stable island, i'. Ehere'er facilities for synchroni?ation are a'ailable, the same shall be made use of to bring the com lete system into synchronism, '. &egional or Inter.state assistance, where'er a utili?ed in the abo'e rocess. %8, Total Stat# Tra(s !ss!o( S;st# Bla5ko<t/ ower ro riate, shall be
/.:.1 The Strategy shall be the same as in the case of HTotal &egional Blac,outH. The S(2" shall carryout simultaneous action to draw from radial feeders from Southern &egion and Gaharashtra State System. %86 >art!al Tra(s !ss!o( S;st# Bla5ko<t/
/.;.1 The S(2" shall ensure with the Users that the security of the healthy art of the Transmission System is not disturbed. /.;.) The S(2" shall gradually e9tend the healthy system to ro'ide start.u ower to the a ro riate #enerating Units. /.;.5 Eith the close coordination of the #enerating "om anies and the Users the S(2" shall gradually restore the load to match with the generation immediately after the a'ailability of the #enerating Units. /.;.6 *ll the Users shall ta,e care to ensure that the (oad.#eneration balance is maintained at all times under the directions of the S(2". %87 R#s?o(s!"!l!t!#s/ /.-.1 The S(2" shall maintain a record of Power Station Blac, Start ca abilities and associated Power Station Blac, Start o eration lans. /.-.) The Transmission (icensee shall re are, distribute, and maintain u .to. date Blac,.Start rocedures co'ering the restoration of the Transmission
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System following total or artial blac,outs. The Users shall agree to these Blac, Start rocedures and rom tly inform the S(2" in ad'ance whene'er they ha'e difficulty in following the same. /.-.5 The S(2" shall be res onsible for directing the o'erall Transmission System restoration S&(2". /.-.6 The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall be res onsible for sectionali?ing the 2istribution System into discrete, unconnected bloc,s of load. They shall ad'ise the S(2" as to the 8uantum of load li,ely to be ic,ed u by the #enerator being synchroni?ed. /.-.: The #enerating "om anies shall be res onsible for commencing their lanned Blac, Start rocedure on the instruction of the S(2" and steadily increasing their generation according to the demand intimated by the S(2". %81 S?#5!al Co(s!)#rat!o(s/ /.=.1 2uring the rocess of restoration of the Transmission System, or &egional System blac,out conditions, the normal standards of 'oltage and fre8uency need not be a a lied, and left to the discretion of the S(2" as ly (icensees shall se arately identify non. ro riate schedule ro riate de ending on the re'ailing situation. rocess by coordination with all the Users and the
/.=.) The 2istribution 3 &etail Su
essential com onents of essential loads, which may be ,e t off during System "ontingencies. They shall also draw u an a with corres onding load bloc,s in each case. The non.essential loads can be ut on only when the System normalcy is restored, and as ad'ised by the S(2". /.=.5 *ll Users shall loading.
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ay s ecial attention in carrying out the
rocedures to ro riate
re'ent secondary colla se of the System due to haste or ina
/.=.6 2es ite the urgency of the situation, careful, rom t and com lete logging of all o erations and o erational messages shall be ensured by all the Users to facilitate subse8uent in'estigation into the incident and the efficiency of the restoration &e'iew Panel for a rocess. Such in'estigation shall be conducted rom tly after the incident, and laced before the #rid "ode raisal in its ne9t immediate meeting. CCC
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SECTION0.CROSS BOUNDARY SAFETY
.-8. S5o?#/ 10.1.1 This Section s ecifies the re8uirements for safe wor,ing ractices for maintenance of e8ui ment associated with cross boundary o erations and lays down the rocedure to be followed when the wor, is carried out on electrical e8ui ment connected to another User@s System. .-8' O"I#5t!7#/ 10.).1 The obDecti'e of this Section is to achie'e an agreement on the rinci les of safety rescribed in the IE &ules when wor,ing across a control boundary between the Transmission (icensee and the Users. .-82 Co(trol >#rso(s a() th#!r R#s?o(s!"!l!t;/ 10.5.1 The Transmission (icensee and all the Users shall nominate suitably authori?ed ersons to be res onsible for the coordination of safety across their boundary. These ersons shall be referred to as H"ontrol PersonsH. .-83 >ro5#)<r#/ 10.6.1 The Transmission (icensee shall issue a list of "ontrol Persons with their names, designations, addresses and tele hone numbers, to all the Users ha'ing direct control boundary with him. This list shall be u dated rom tly whene'er there is any change of name, designation or tele hone number of any "ontrol Person named in the list. 10.6.) *ll the Users ha'ing a direct control boundary with the Transmission (icensee shall issue a similar list of their "ontrol Persons to the Transmission (icensee. This list shall be u dated "ontrol Person named in the list. 10.6.5 Ehene'er any wor, across a cross boundary is to be carried out by the User or the Transmission (icensee, the "ontrol Person of the User or the Transmission (icensee as the case may be, who has to carryout the wor,, rom tly whene'er there is any change of name, designation or tele hone number of any
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shall directly contact his counter art. "ode words shall be agreed to at the time of wor, to ensure correct identification of both the arties. "ontact between "ontrol Persons shall normally be made by direct tele hone. 10.6.6 If the wor, e9tends beyond one shift, the "ontrol Person shall hand o'er charge to the relief "ontrol Person and fully brief him on the nature of wor, and the code words in the o eration. 10.6.: The "ontrol Persons shall coo erate to establish and maintain the recautions necessary to be ta,en for carrying out the re8uired wor, in a safe manner. Both the established isolation and the established earth shall be ,e t in the loc,ed ositions where'er such facilities e9ist, and these shall be clearly identified. 10.6.; The "ontrol Person in charge of the wor, shall satisfy himself that all the safety recautions to be ta,en are established before commencing the wor,. %e should issue the safety documentation to the wor,ing arty to allow the wor, to commence. 10.6.- *fter the com letion of the wor,, the "ontrol Person in charge of the wor, being carried out should satisfy himself that the safety recautions ta,en are no longer re8uired, and shall ma,e a direct contact with his counter art "ontrol Person and re8uest remo'al of the safety recautions. The e8ui ment shall be declared as suitable for return to ser'ice only after confirmation of remo'al of all the safety recautions, by direct communication, using the code word contact between the two "ontrol Persons, and the return of agreed safety documentation from the wor,ing arty. 10.6.= The Transmission (icensee shall de'elo an agreed written rocedure for "ross Boundary Safety and continuously u date the same. 10.6./ *ny dis ute concerning "ross Boundary Safety shall be resol'ed at the le'el of the Transmission (icensee, if the Transmission (icensee is not a
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arty. In case where the Transmission (icensee is a
arty, the dis ute
shall be referred to the +E&" for resolution of the dis ute. .-8, S?#5!al Co(s!)#rat!o(s/ 10.:.1 *ll the Users shall com ly with the agreed safety rules drawn u accordance with IE &ules for all "ross Boundary "ircuits. 10.:.) *ll the e8ui ment on "ross Boundary "ircuits, which may be used for the ur ose of safety coordination and establishment of isolation and earthing, shall be ermanently and clearly mar,ed with an identification number or name being uni8ue to the articular sub.station. These e8ui ments shall be regularly ins ected and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer@s s ecifications. 10.:.5 Each "ontrol Person shall maintain a legibly written safety log, in chronological order, of all o erations and messages relating to the safety coordination sent and recei'ed by him. *ll these safety logs shall be retained for a eriod of not less than ten years.
10.:.6 *ll the 2istribution and &etail Su ly (icensees connected to the Transmission System shall maintain an u dated ma of his System ertaining to the area fed by each Substation, and e9hibit the same in the concerned area offices of the 2istribution and &etail Su ly (icensee.
CCC
in
SECTION0.. SAFETY AND LINE CLEAR >ERMITS ..8. S5o?#/ 11.1.1 This Section sets out the rocedure for the record of the (ine "lear Permit and sets guidelines for ensuring safety from electrical ha?ards to the consumers, general ublic and wor,ing ersonnel. ..8' O"I#5t!7#/ 11.).1 The main obDecti'e of this section is to ensure safety to the wor,ing ersonnel of the Transmission (icensee and the Users and maintenance
of
ro er records for the issue of (ine "lear Permits for allowing the
wor,ing ersonnel to carryout the wor,s. ..82 Sa@#t; Sta()ar)s/ 11.5.1 The HSafety StandardH issued se arately formulates the recautions to be ta,en for ensuring safety to the general ublic, consumers of electricity and the wor,men. This forms an integral art of the #rid "ode and the Transmission (icensee and all the Users shall com ly with this Standard. 11.5.) The Transmission (icensee shall re are his own HSafety GanualH for the Transmission (ines4 Sub.stations based on this Standard. >or the guidance of the Shift 7 erators, H7 eration and Gaintenance GanualsH for each Sub.station shall be re ared by the (icensee. These manuals shall contain all the maintenance and o eration schedules based on the recommendations of the manufacturers of the 'arious e8ui ments installed in the Sub.station. These manuals shall be eriodically re'iewed based on the e9 erience gained and re lacement of e8ui ments. * maintenance register for the e8ui ments including the Station Batteries shall be maintained at the res ecti'e Sub.stations. These shall be u dated as and when the maintenance wor, is carried out and shall be eriodically re'iewed by the a Transmission (ines. 11.5.5 The 7 eration Ganual shall clearly contain the details of isolation and earthing to be ro'ided for allowing wor, on the e8ui ments. The Single (ine 2iagram of the station indicating the ositions of 'arious isolating de'ices shall be rominently dis layed in the station. "harts showing the clearances from li'e arts (Section "learance! for wor,ing on the isolated e8ui ments where wor,men are allowed to wor, shall be dis layed rominently at each Sub.station. Ty ical charts and associated tables furnished in the HSafety StandardH.
-
ro riate higher authority in whose control
the Sub.station falls. Similar registers shall be maintained for the
11.5.6 The H2angerH boards as re8uired in the IE &ules and rele'ant Indian Standard shall be dis layed at Public. 11.5.: &egular maintenance shall be carried out on all the Transmission (ines in accordance with IS :;15 and records of all these shall be maintained. Ehere'er ossible hot line chec,ing and re lacement of failed insulators shall be made before and after monsoon. 11.5.; *ll the e8ui ments in the &ecei'ing Stations and Substations shall be maintained in good condition as er the manufacturers@ manuals and ro er o eration rele'ant Indian andAor International standards where'er a'ailable. The relays and circuit brea,ers shall be chec,ed for their whene'er these are ta,en out for maintenance ur oses. The station ro'ided in all laces a roachable by the #eneral
batteries shall be maintained in good wor,ing condition by carrying out routine chec,s and maintenance wor,s. The 2" system these stations shall be ro erly maintained with no a detection of ground faults shall be ro'ided. ..83 L!(# Cl#ar >#r !t ALC>B/ 11.6.1 The format setout in *nne9e E, > and # shall be used. The form setout in *nne9e E and designated as H&e8uisition for (ine "lear PermitH shall be used by the re8uesting Safety "oordinator who is an authori?ed erson. The form setout in *nne9e > and designated as H(ine "lear &eturnH shall be used for the return of the (ine "lear Permit after the wor, for which the (ine "lear Permit was ta,en is com leted. The form setout in *nne9e # and designated as H"hec, (ist for (ine "lear PermitH shall be used at the time of issue of (ine "lear Permit. reciable lea,age
current. *n on.line monitoring system for monitoring of lea,age and
ANNE=E 0 E REDISITION FOR LINE CLEAR >ERMIT 2ateWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWWWW.. I SriASrimathi ...................... re8uest (ine "lear Permit on the following %T (ineAE8ui ment. %< * aratusA(ine Identification1 Time
2etails of wor,s to be carried out1 Estimated time re8uired for com letion1 $ame and Signature WWWWWWWWWWWW. WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW Safety "oordinator! WWWWWWWWWWW. 2ateWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWW. (>7& USE I$ SUBST*TI7$ >&7G E%E&E (I$E "(E*& PE&GIT EI(( BE ISSUE2! 1. (ine "lear Permit issued 1 SesA$o ). $umber and 2ate of Issue ("ode $o.!1 5. Time of Issue1 6. Time of &eturn1 :. &emar,s1 See "hec, (ist ("P . # (Incharge of the "rew! 2esignationWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW (&e8uesting
RECEI>T OF LC>
I ha'e recei'ed confirmation from WWWWWWWWWWW..($ame of Issuing Safety "oordinator! at WWWWWWWWWWW.(location! that the safety recautions ha'e been established and the instructions will not be issued at his location for their remo'al until his ("P.E is cancelled. $ame and SignatureWWWWWWWWWWWWWW (&e8uesting Safety "oordinator! In charge of the "rew at WWWWWWWWWWW..(Time! on
WWWWWWWWWW(2ate! (To be rinted on the re'erse of ("P.E1 "hec,list of (ine "lear Permit! CONDITIONS/ 1. This Permit is 'alid only for wor,ing in the >eederAE8ui ment mentioned herein and not in any other >eederAE8ui ment. ). 7nly authori?ed ersons are allowed to wor, on >eedersAE8ui ments for which the ermit has been issued. 5. Eor,s as er re8uisition only should be carried out. 6. Before touching any Earthed at two art of the >eederAE8ui ment the same should be oints on either side through standard discharge rods
connected with good Earths. Tem orary Earths may only be remo'ed after com letion of all wor,s and after all the men ha'e come down from the >eederAE8ui ment. :. Eor, should be so lanned that the (ine "lear is returned before or at the time indicated. If una'oidable delay is antici ated ad'ance information should be gi'en to the location from where the (ine "lear is issued. ;. Before return of the (ine "lear, it should be ensured that all the men on line ha'e returned and re orted and all tem orary earths remo'ed. There should
also be a chec, on the material, Tools and Plant issued for the wor, to ensure that nothing is left behind on the (ine or E8ui ment. -. 7nly authori?ed ersons should return (ine "lear. =. In case the (ine "lear cannot be returned in erson, the same may be returned to the (ine "lear Issuing *uthority o'er Tele hone by naming the "72E E7&2S assigned. In case two or more different "72E E7&2S are issued to the two or more ersons in whose fa'our the ermit is gi'en, those ersons must Dointly return the (ine "lear by naming their own "72E E7&2S. The (ine "lear &eturn will not be deemed to be acce ted unless returned by all these ersons. /. The (ine "lear issuing authority should go o'er the chec,list of (ine "lear &eturn before acce ting it. 10. If (ine "lear is returned o'er tele hone, the (ine "lear &eturn >orm duly filled and signed should be sent to the (ine "lear Issuing *uthority by immediately for record. ost
ANNE=E 0 F ("P.> $umberWWWWWWWWWWW. 2atedWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW "hec, list of the (ine "lear Permit1 1. $ame of location for which line clear is issued. ). &eference and *uthority re8uisitioning line clear1 (Indicate original ("P.E number including suffi9 and refi9!. 5. Identity of %< * aratus. 6. Sources from which the (ineAE8ui ment is charged. :. $o.Aname of "ircuit Brea,erAIsolating Switch o en at each of abo'e sources. ;. Ehether confirmed that the (ine is disconnected at both ends. -. Ehether line is Earthed at both ends. =. Ehether the "ircuit Brea,er truc, remo'ed in case of indoor switchgear controlling the >eederAE8ui ment for which line clear is gi'en. /. Ehether fuses of control su ly 'oltage of the "ircuit Brea,erAIsolating Switches controlling the feederAe8ui ment for which line clear is gi'en are remo'ed and ,e t in safe custody. 10. Time of issue of (ine "lear Permit and ("P.E $o. 11. $ame of re8uesting Safety "oordinator on whom ("P.E is issued. 1). * ro9imate Time for returning ("P.E as ascertained from the &e8uesting "oordinator. $ame and SignatureWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW.. (Issuing Safety "oordinator! 2esignationWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW. LINE CLEAR >ERMIT ("P . > $oWWWWWWWW.
I SriASrimathi ............. (Issuing Safety "oordinator! do hereby issue Permission to SriASrimathi.............. (&e8uesting Safety "oordinator! for carrying out wor,s as er re8uisition $oWWWWWW..dateWWWWWW.. The %< (ineAe8ui ment herein described are declared safe. The ermission is subDect to the conditions o'erleaf. $ame and SignatureWWWWWWWWWWWWWW.. (Person issuing (ine "lear Permit! 2esignationWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW.
ANNE=E G L!(# Cl#ar R#t<r(
("P . # $umberWWWWWWWWWWWWW. 2ate WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW. ("P.> (ineA* $oWWW.. 2atedWWWWW. aratus. I declare that all the crew who were sent on wor, ha'e been I SriASrimathi ............... hereby return the ("P no ..... for the following %T withdrawn, tem orary earth(s! remo'ed, all re air tools and materials chec,ed and the >eedersAE8ui ments mentioned below are safe to be energi?ed. 1. %< * aratusA(ine Identification1 ). Safety Precaution no longer re8uired1 a. Isolation KState locations and each oint of Isolation indicating means by which Isolation was achie'ed.M b. Earthing KState location at which Earthing was established and identify each oint of Earthing means, which achie'ed Earthing.M CCECK LIST TO BE TICKED OFF/ 1. Ehether all men withdrawn1 Ses ). Ehether all tem orary Earth remo'ed1 Ses 5. Ehether materials, Tools and Plant used in the wor, ha'e been chec,ed1 Ses 6. "ode $umber (If used when (ine "lear is returned o'er hone! $ame and SignatureWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW. (&e8uesting Safety "oordinator! 2esignationWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW Incharge of the "rew ........................ (2esignation! SECTION0.' COMMUNICATION AND DATA ACDUSITION .'8. S5o?#/
1).1.1 This Section s ecifies the minimum re8uirements of "ommunication and 2ata *c8uisition to be .'8' O"I#5t!7#/ 1).).1 The obDecti'e of this Section is to define the minimum acce table "ommunication and 2ata *c8uisition re8uirements to enable the Transmission (icensee to manage the Transmission System in a safe and economic manner consistent with the re8uirements of his (icence. .'82 S<?#r7!sor; Co(trol a() Data A5G<!s!t!o( ASCADAB/ 1).5.1 The Transmission (icensee shall install and ma,e o erati'e an o erational metering data collection system under S"*2* for storage, dis lay and rocessing of o erational metering data. *ll the Users shall ma,e a'ailable out uts of their res ecti'e o erational meters to the S"*2* interface e8ui ment. 1).5.) The data collection, storage and dis lay centre shall be the State (oad 2es atch "entre (S(2"! at Bangalore. .'83 Co <(!5at!o(/ 1).6.1 Inde endent dedicated communication lin,s for 'oice communications, written communications and 2ata *c8uisition shall be installed by the Transmission (icensee between all the Power Stations, &ecei'ing Stations, Sub.stations and S(2". In addition similar lin,s between adDacent Transmission System Sub.stations shall also be established. 1).6.) The communication shall be a'ailable by direct dialing of discrete numbers and also through %ot (ine by Dust lifting of tele hone hand set. %ot.(ine lin,s shall also be established by the Transmission (icensee between all the maDor Power Stations, im ortant Sub.stations and S(2". .'8, Data A5G<!s!t!o(/ 1).:.1 The following real time data are re8uired by S(2" for an effecti'e control of the Power System1
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ro'ided by each User at interconnection
oints
and cross boundary circuits.
i. ii. iii. i'. '. 'i. 'ii.
GE and G<*r #enerated in each Power Station, GE and G<*r 2rawal from the E9ternal Interconnection, G<*r and G<*r %ours #enerated or absorbed in each Power Station, G<*r Im orted or E9 orted from the E9ternal Interconnections, <oltages in all the System Busbars, >re8uency in the System, GE 3 G<*r flow in each Transmission (ine. ro'ide the necessary transducers for
1).:.) The #enerating "om anies shall S(2"AS&(2".
the transmission of the abo'e data from their Power Stations to 1).:.5 The Transmission (icensee shall similarly Stations and Substations to S(2"AS&(2". 1).:.6 The Transmission (icensee shall establish a suitable data transfer lin, between S(2" and S&(2" for e9change of o erational data transmission. 1).:.: Gutually agreed rocedures shall be drawn u between the Transmission (icensee and other Users outlining inter res onsibility, accountability and recording of day.to.day communications and data transmission on o erational matters. 1).:.; *ll the additional data such as brea,erAswitch osition shall be transmitted on Hif changeH basis. #eogra hical Positioning Systems (#PS! shall be used for time stam ing of the tri information at the res ecti'e stations. 1).:.- *t all the 600 +< (ines and im ortant ))0 +< (ines, disturbance recorders shall be installed and the recorder data shall be made a'ailable at S(2" for ost e'ent analysis of the disturbances. CCC ro'ide the necessary
transducers for the transmission of the abo'e data from their &ecei'ing
SECTION0.2 O>ERATIONAL EEENT AND INCIDENT&ACCIDENT RE>ORTING .28. S5o?#/ 15.1.1 This Section co'ers the details of re8uirement for the e9change of information relating to 7 erations andAor E'ents on the total System including the Southern #rid which ha'e or may ha'e an o erational effect on1 a! The +arnata,a Power #rid in case of an 7 eration andAor E'ent occurring on a User System, b! * User System in the case of an 7 eration andAor E'ent occurring in the Transmission System. 15.1.) The rocedure for issue of warnings in the E'ent of a ris, of serious and wides read disturbance on the whole or Power #rid is set out in this Section. 15.) O"I#5t!7#/ re orting route to be followed and the information to be e9changed between Users to ensure a consistent a roach to the re orting of incidents and accidents on the Transmission System. These information are re8uired to identify the otential im act of an 7 eration andAor E'ent and assess the ossible ris, arising from it, so that a ro riate action is ta,en by the concerned to maintain the integrity of the Transmission System. The action to be ta,en arising from the e9change of this information de ends on the circumstances and details for each case and does not fall within the ur'iew of this Section. .282 R#?orta"l# I(5!)#(ts/ 15.).1 The obDecti'e of this Section is to define the incidents to be re orted, the art of the +arnata,a State
15.5.1 *ll E'ents in the Transmission System ha'ing an o erational effect on the User@s System shall be notified by the Transmission (icensee to S(2" and the Users, whose systems are affected. 15.5.) *ll E'ents on the User@s System ha'ing an o erational effect on the Transmission System shall be notified by the User to the Transmission (icensee and S(2" who in turn shall notify the other Users on whose System the E'ent may ha'e an o erational effect. 15.5.5 Ty ical i ii iii i' ' 'i 'ii 'iii i9 9 9i 9ii 9iii 9i' 9' e9am les of re ortable incidents that could affect the Transmission System are as follows1 E9ce tionally highAlow 'oltage or fre8uency, Serious e8ui ment roblem i.e. maDor circuit brea,er, transformer, busbar fault, GaDor roblem in the #enerating Unit, Tri ing of I"T, Transmission (ine or "a acitor Ban,, GaDor >ire incident, GaDor rotection failure, 7'er loading of E8ui ment or Transmission (ine which may result in ha?ard to the ersonnel, *cti'ation of any alarm or indication of abnormal o erating condition, *d'erse climatic conditions being e9 erienced or forecast, Brea,down, or faults, or tem orary changes in the ca abilities of Plant andAor a (oss of load, *ccidents, E9cessi'e drawal de'iations, Ginor e8ui ment alarms. aratus, In ending ris,s of rotection o eration,
The last two re ortable incidents are ty ical e9am les of those of lesser conse8uences, but still affect the Transmission System and can be reasonably classified as minor. They re8uire correcti'e action but do not warrant management re orting until a later, more reasonable time. 15.5.6 The e9am les indicated in the abo'e clause 1).5.5 are only illustrati'e and in no way limit the general re8uirements to be re orted. .283 R#?ort!(* >ro5#)<r#/ 15.6.1 *ll re ortable incidents occurring in lines and e8ui ments of 11 ,< and abo'e at the #rid Sub.stations shall rom tly be re orted orally by the User whose e8ui ment has e9 erienced the incident to all other significantly affected Users and S(2". The re orting User should submit a written confirmation to S(2" within one hour of such oral re ort. If the re orting incident is of maDor nature, the written re ort may be submitted within two hours duly followed by a com rehensi'e re ort within 6= hours of the submission of the initial written re ort. In other cases, the re orting User shall submit a re ort within fi'e wor,ing days to S(2". 15.6.) The S(2" shall call for a re ort from any User on any re ortable incident affecting other Users and in case such User whose e8ui ment might ha'e been a source of the re ortable incident does not re ort the same. %owe'er this shall not relie'e any User from the obligation to re ort E'ents in accordance with IE &ules. The format for such a re ort shall be as er the a the following1 i. ii. iii. i'. '. 'i. (ocation of the incident, 2ate and time of the incident, Plant or E8ui ment in'ol'ed, Su lies interru ted and the duration where'er a licable, licable, *mount of #eneration lost, where'er a ro'al of the #rid "ode &e'iew Panel and ty ically contain
System Parameters before and after the incident,

-
(<oltage, >re8uency, >lows, #eneration, etc.!
'ii. 'iii. i9. 9. 9i. 9ii. 9iii.
$etwor, configuration before the incident, &elay indications and erformance of rotection, Brief descri tion of the incident, Estimated time of return to ser'ice, *ny other rele'ant information, &ecommendations for future im ro'ement, $ame of originator.
15.6.5 The re ort shall contain sufficient detail to describe the E'ent to enable the reci ient to assess the im lications and ris,s arising out of the same. The cause need not be included in the re ort but the reci ient may as, for clarifications where'er necessary and it is obligatory that the re orting User shall ut his best efforts and ro'ide all the necessary and reasonable information. 15.6.6 In case of a re8uest by either arty the oral re ort shall be written down by the sender and dictated by way of a tele hone message or sent by >a9Ae. mail to the reci ient. In case of an emergency the re ort can be gi'en only orally and followed by written confirmation. 15.6.: The ma9imum time limit allowed for oral re ort of the E'ent is fifteen minutes from the time of the occurrence of the E'ent.
15.: S!*(!@!5a(t E7#(ts/ 15.:.1 Significant e'ent includes such E'ents ha'ing an o erational effect e.g. i ii iii i' ' Tri ing of Plant andAor * aratus manually or automatically, <oltage outside statutory limits, System fre8uency outside statutory limits, System instability, or System o'erloads.
15.:.) Ehere'er a User re orts an E'ent, which the S(2" or the Transmission (icensee considers to ha'e had a significant effect on the Transmission System, the Transmission (icensee may re8uire the User to re ort that E'ent in writing within one day. 15.:.5 Ehere'er the Transmission (icensee notifies S(2" and a User of any E'ent which the User or S(2" considers to ha'e had a significant effect on the Users@ System, the User may re8uire the Transmission (icensee to re ort that E'ent in writing within one day. 15.; 9ar(!(*s/ to the Transmission (icensee and the Users, who may be affected when S(2" ,nows that there is a ris, of wides read and serious disturbance to the whole, or art of, the total System. 15.;.) Pro'ided that sufficient time is a'ailable, the warning shall contain such information, as the S(2" considers reasonable, to e9 lain the nature, e9tent of the antici ated disturbance, to the User and the Transmission (icensee, ro'ided that such information is a'ailable to S(2". 15.;.5 Each User and the Transmission (icensee, on recei t of such a warning, shall ta,e necessary ste s to warn its o erational staff and maintain its Plant and * aratus in the condition in which it is best able to withstand the antici ated disturbance for the duration of the warning. 15.;.6 Scheduling and 2es atch may be affected during the eriod co'ered by such a warning. .287 Loss o@ 5o <(!5at!o( :!th th# SLDC/ ly but instead the following ro'ision shall a ly1 15.-.1 In the e'ent of loss of communication with S(2" the ro'ision made as abo'e shall not a Each Power Station shall continue to o erate in accordance with the last 2es atch instruction issued by S(2", but shall use all reasonable endea'ors to maintain the System fre8uency at the target of :0 %?, lus or
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15.;.1 *n oral warning shall be issued by S(2" and confirmed in writing as well,
minus 0.: %? by monitoring fre8uency until such time the new 2es atch instructions are recei'ed from S(2". 15.= MaIor Fa!l<r#/ lace, the Transmission (icensee and other Users shall coo erate and in8uire and establish the cause of such failure and roduce a ro riate recommendations. The Transmission (icensee shall submit the in8uiry re ort to the #rid "ode &e'iew Panel and submit the re ort with the recommendations of the Panel to +E&" within two months of the incident. .28% A55!)#(t R#?ort!(*/ 15./.1 &e orting of accidents shall be in accordance with the IE &ules, 1/:;, &ule 66.* in both fatal and non.fatal accidents. The re ort shall be sent to the "hief Electrical Ins ector to the #o'ernment of +arnata,a in the rescribed form.
CCC
15.=.1 Ehene'er a maDor failure ta,es
SECTION0.3 DATA REGISTRATION .38. S5o?#/ (icensee, which is to be ro'ided by the Users, and the data re8uired by the Users to be ro'ided by the Transmission (icensee at the re8uired time s ecified in the 'arious Sections of the #rid "ode. The corres onding Sections of the #rid "ode contain the obligation to submit the data and define the times at which the data is to be su .38' O"I#5t!7#/ Sections of the #rid "ode to be ro'ided by the Users to the Transmission (icensee and 'ice 'ersa. .382
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16.1.1 This Section s ecifies a list of all the data re8uired by the Transmission
lied by the Users.
16.).1 The obDecti'e of this Section is to list all the data and the corres onding
R#s?o(s!"!l!t;/
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16.5.1 *ll the Users are res onsible for submitting the u .to.date data in accordance with the ro'isions of the #rid "ode. *ll the Users shall ro'ide the Transmission (icensee, the names, addresses and the tele hone numbers of the ersons res onsible for sending the data. The Transmission (icensee shall inform all the Users the names, addresses and tele hone numbers of the ersons res onsible for recei'ing the data. 16.5.) The Transmission (icensee shall ro'ide u .to.date data to Users as ro'ided in the rele'ant Sections of the #rid "ode. 16.5.5 &es onsibility for the correctness of these data rests with the concerned Users ro'iding the data.
.383
L!st o@ Data to "# R#*!st#r#)/ "om anies to the Transmission (icensee1 1. Planning 2ata &e8uirements . #eneration1 *s er *nne9e * . Part I . of Section . 6. ). 7 eration Planning 2ata *nne9e 2 of Section . ;. 5. #enerator a'ailability notices . *s er *nne9e E of Section . -. 6. System 2ata ertaining to the Power Stations . *s er *nne9e of HTransmission System Ganagement and 7 erating StandardsH. ertaining to the Power Stations . *s er
16.6.1 The following data are re8uired to be furnished by the #enerating
16.6.) The following data are re8uired to be furnished by the 2istribution "om anies to the Transmission (icensee1 1. Planning 2ata &e8uirements . 2istribution1 *s er *nne9e * . Part II . of Section . 6. ). 7 eration Planning 2ata ertaining to 2istribution . *s er *nne9e 2 of Section . ;.
16.6.5 The following data are re8uired to be furnished by the Transmission (icensee to the concerned1 1. Planning 2ata &e8uirements . Transmission System . *s er *nne9e B of Section . 6. ). Site &es onsibility Schedule . *s er *nne9e " of Section . :. .38, M#tho)s o@ s<" !ss!o( o@ Data/ submission and these formats shall be used for written data submission. Ehere'er standard data formats are not gi'en, these should be de'elo ed by S(2" in consultation with the Users. 16.:.) *ll the data to be submitted to the Transmission (icensee or to such other de artment andAor address as the Transmission (icensee may from time to time notify to Users. The name of the schedule of data shall be indicated. 16.:.5 Ehere'er a com uter data lin, e9ists between the User and S(2" ATransmission (icensee, data may be submitted through this lin,. The data shall be in the same format as s ecified for a er transmission e9ce t for electronic encoding for which some other format may be more a ro riate. The User shall s ecify the method to be used in consultation with S(2"ATransmission (icensee and resol'e issues such as rotocols, transmission s eeds etc., at the time of transmission. .386 Cha(*#s !( Us#rJs Data/ registered under (icense, the User must rom tly notify the Transmission (icensee of the changes. The Transmission (icensee on recei t of the changes shall rom tly correct the database accordingly. This shall also a .387 ly to any data com iled by the Transmission (icensee regarding his own System. Data (ot S<??l!#)/
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16.:.1 The data schedules are structured to ser'e as standard formats for data
erson who submits each
16.;.1 Ehene'er the User becomes aware of the change to any items of the data
16.-.1 *ll the Users are obliged to su missing and not su
ly the data referred to in the indi'idual
Sections of the #rid "ode and listed in clause 16.6. In case any data is lied by the User, the Transmission (icensee may act reasonably. If and when necessary, he may estimate such data de ending u on the urgency of the situation. Similarly in case any data is missing and not su lied by the Transmission (icensee, the concerned User may, act reasonably. If and when necessary, he may estimate such data de ending u on the urgency of the situation. Such estimates, in each case, shall be based u on the corres onding data for similar Plant or * .381 aratus, or u on such other information, the User or the Transmission ro riate. (icensee, as the case may be, deems a S?#5!al Co(s!)#rat!o(s/ re8uest for e9tra data as necessary. CCC
16.=.1 The Transmission (icensee or any User may at any time ma,e reasonable
>OM CODE .
>O9ER GENERATION >LANNING AND SECURITY STANDARD
>OM CODE '

>O9ER GENERATION MANAGEMENT AND O>ERATING STANDARD
>OM CODE02
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM >LANNING AND SECURITY STANDARD
>OM CODE 3
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND O>ERATING
STANDARD
>OM CODE .
>O9ER GENERATION >LANNING AND SECURITY STANDARD
.8-
OBHECTIEE
The Power #eneration Planning and Security Standard has been re ared
ursuant to Section 55 of the +arnata,a Electricity &eform *ct, 1/// and Part III Section 1; of the +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission ((icensing! &egulations, )000. '8).1 SCO>E This Standard frames the guide lines for the long, medium and short term lanning strategy for a least cost lanning to ser'e the demand of electricity by consumers in the state at the s ecified le'el of 'oltage, fre8uency and reliability. This standard com rising the following sections formulates the lanning future additions to generating ca acity in the State1 rocedure for
(a! (oad forecast. (b! Planning criteria. (c! Estimation of ea,ing ca acity. (d! Estimation of energy a'ailability. (e! #eneration lant norms for lanning ur oses. (f! Economic arameters. (g! Plant economic life. (h! "ost of Unser'ed energy. (i! E'aluation of lanning studies.
(D! Power su ly security standards. (,! "a acity reser'e.

).) The definitions of se'eral terminologies used in these standards as well as in other standards are co'ered in the H#rid "odeH. 28- LOAD FORECAST/ 5.1 Power Su ly Planning starts with a forecast of antici ated future load demand
and energy re8uirements re ared ursuant to condition ))1(i! of +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission ((icensing! &egulation, )000. The load demand forecasts shall be used to determine the ca acity of generation, transmission and distribution systems and energy forecasts shall be used to determine the ty e of generation facilities re8uired. 5.) The forecasting of load demand and energy shall be done as follows 1
(a! (ong term forecasting connected with load growth, su ly and demand side management resources for eriods ranging from : to 10 years or ahead. (b! Gedium term forecasting co'ering a eriod of ) to : years. (c! Short term forecasting connected with seasonal A weather 'ariations in a year, wee,ly or daily load forecast, etc. 5.5 The forecasting of ea, load demand and energy re8uirements shall be done by the 'arious 2istribution 3 &etail Su areas of su ly (icensees in their res ecti'e ly (icensees ly for each category of loads for each of the succeeding ten
years of the lanning eriod. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su
shall submit such forecasts annually by 10 th day of * ril each year (as detailed in the H#rid "odeH! to the Transmission (icensee along with data, methodology and assum tions on which the forecasts are based. 5.6 The Transmission (icensee shall integrate the load forecasts submitted by each of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees and determine the long. term load forecasts for ten years for the State. The Transmission (icensee
may also re'iew the methodology and assum tions used by the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees in ma,ing the load forecast.
5.: The o'erall load forecast shall be used to determine the ca acity of generation, transmission and distribution systems and energy forecasts to determine the ty e of generation intermediate or base load units!. Pea, additions. 5.; (ong term (10 years! forecasts are used for1 i. &einforcement systems, lanning of generation, transmission and distribution lants re8uired (i.e., ea,ing, ower re8uirements decide the
Utility@s in'estment in generation and the resultant transmission ca acity
ii. Establishing future fuel re8uirement, iii. E9amining the a'ailability of natural fuel and water resources, i'. 2e'elo ment of trained human ower. 5.- Gid term forecasts are aimed at determining yearly or monthly ur ose of1 i. Gaintenance scheduling of generation and transmission e8ui ment, ii. Scheduling of ca ti'e ower lants, iii. Scheduling of multi. ur ose hydroelectric ower lants for irrigation, flood control, cooling water re8uirements etc., a art from generation, i'. Power e9change contracts with neighbouring utilities and interchange schedules, '. *nnual lanning and budgeting for fuel re8uirements and other o erational re8uirements. 5.= Short.term forecasts on daily, wee,ly and monthly basis are re8uired for the following ur ose of
ea,,
minimum load and energy re8uirements for one to fi'e years for the
i. ii. iii. i'. '. 'i. 'ii.
Unit commitment and economic des atch calculations, Gaintenance scheduling u dates, *ssessing load flows, S inning reser'e calculations, Short.term interchange schedules with neighbouring systems, System security analysis (oad management scheduling,
'iii. 7 timi?ation of fuel storage. 5./ The lanning rocess shall ta,e into account the e9isting generation ca acity, allocation from central sector generation and other generation to e'ol'e the net additional re8uirement of ower o'er the years of the lanning eriod. The lanning rocess shall consider an e9tended study eriod of 10 years beyond the base eriod of 10 years to smoothen out the IEnd effectsJ due to different ty es and ca acities of generating lants at the end of base eriod.
6.0 >LANNING CRITERIA
6.1
(east "ost Planning1 . (east "ost Planning shall be done with a lanning strategy to ro'ide reliable su cost considering both su ly of ower at the lowest ossible o'erall ly side and demand side o tions. licable at the time of lanning as found
The 'arious o tions that are a
economical and feasible, shall be considered. Some of the ty ical o tions are listed below1 S<??l; S!)# O?t!o(s D# a() S!)# O?t!o(s 1."on'entional lants such as coal, 1. (oad management.
thermal, nuclear. ). "ombined cycle combustion gas ). Time of the day metering. turbines. 5. (arge hydro. 5. *chie'ing end use energy efficiency by use of more efficient consumer a liancesAmotors. 6. Small %ydro, Eind ower, Solar 6. "hec,ing ilferage. :. "a ti'e ower generation lants :. Im ro'ing the load ower feeding sur lus energy to the #rid. factor. ;. Biomass gassification. ;. &eduction of Transmission and 2istribution losses. -. U rating and moderni?ing of e9isting ower lants. =. 2iesel Power generation. /. Im ro'ing ower station efficiency. 10. 7ut sourcing of ower from other agencies and strengthening of inter. regional ower grid. 6.) The rocess of lanning shall be such that the same should meet the needs of consumersB energy re8uirement at the lowest ossible cost, should be en'ironmentally benign, and acce table to the ublic. >or an in'estment to be at the least ossible cost, the lifetime costs shall be considered. These shall include ca ital cost, interest on ca ital, fuel costs, and o erational and maintenance costs. 6.5 ProDect e'aluation1 >or the ur ose of e'aluation, all o tions, whether su ly or demand, should be assessed in a com arable and consistent manner. 2uring such e'aluation, en'ironmental costs shall also be considered. The net resent 'alue of the re'enue re8uirements for a chosen resource o tion should be calculated for the com lete life cycle of the o tion. 6.6 2etermination of the ty e of #eneration Plant &e8uired
The antici ated load cur'e is drawn and the area below the cur'e is filled u by a'ailable generation by suitable scheduling. The generation facilities are classified as hydro, thermal, nuclear, and gas turbinesAdiesel electric and others. The hydro stations are further categori?ed as follows1
1.&un. of. the. ri'er1 storage fills in about two hours. ).Pondage1 Storage fills in ) X 600 hours. 5.Storage1 Storage fills in o'er 600 hours. &un of the ri'er, nuclear and low cost thermal lants shall referably be base load stations, and thus fill the lower regions of the area under the load cur'e. The storage hydro stations shall be used for ea,ing ur oses in the u er region of the cur'e. The intermediate ortion of the load cur'e ondage ty e hydro stations. If shall constitute high cost thermal and ower stations shall be lanned. ,8ESTIMATION OF >EAKING CA>ACITY :.1 The Pea,ing a'ailability (e9isting stations ! ower stations, thermal ower ower ower stations furnished by the
ea,ing re8uirements are still not met, gas turbines andAor diesel electric
ea,ing a'ailability of the e9isting hydro.electric
ower stations and diesel electric
com anies in the state and the allocated share of the central sector stations shall form the basis of e'aluating the e9isting ea,ing a'ailability.
:.)
Pea,ing ca ability of new generating stations1 The ea,ing a'ailability of generating units shall be estimated on the basis of the norms indicated in the following clauses1
:.).1 $orms for stations1
ea,ing ca ability of thermal stations and gas based
ower
(a! The ea,ing ca ability of thermal generating units can be com uted as below1 7UT*#E &*TES
Unit "a acity Planned (PG&! (GE! )00 GE 3 *bo'e 0.10 $ote1 "*>F1.(PG&P>7&PP7&! P">F "*>."*> 9 *"
>orced (>7&! 0.16
Partial (P7&! 0.0/
Ehere "*> . "a acity a'ailability factor P"> . Plant ca acity factor PG& . Planned Gaintenance &ate >7& . >orced 7utage &ate P7& . Partial 7utage &ate *" . *u9iliary consum tion as er generating lant norms. (b! Pea,ing ca ability of gas stations can be com uted as below1 The gas.based ower stations are grou ed into two categories namely ea, load stations. The base load stations are ower lant ("""T!, which ha'e ea, load stations are base load stations and
normally combined cycle gas turbine
#as Turbine units and steam turbine units. The
o en cycle gas turbine lants, which are generally used for meeting ea, load, for about = hours in a day, at =0O of their rated ca acity.
>or combined cycle gas based ower station, the ea,ing ca ability would be as gi'en below1
7UT*#E &*TES Planned >orced Unit "a acity(GE! (PG&! (>7&! #as Turbine units 0.1: 0.10 Steam Turbine 0.1: 0.10 units $ote1 "*>F 1.(PG&P>7&PP7&! P">F "*>."*> 9 *"
Partial (P7&! 0.10 0.10
:.).) *u9iliary consum tion for thermal and gas based ower stations1 The following au9iliary consum tion figures for 'arious ty es of lants shall be considered for determining ea,ing ca acity. ower
(a! Thermal ower lants1 (i! $ormati'e au9iliary consum tion1
Sl. $o
(i! (ii! (iii! (i'!
"on'entional steam generator *u9iliary Energy with motor dri'en boiler feed consum tion um s in Percentage for once through system of cooling 2omestic run of mine =.: coalA(ignite 2omestic beneficiated coal Im orted beneficiated coal A Petroleum co,e "ore9 gas =.0 -.: ;.:
Eith closed cycle cooling using wet cooling Tower /.0 =.: =.0 -.0
$ote1 The au9iliary energy consum tion of generating stations with steam dri'en boiler feed um s shall be reduced by 1.:O (ii! *dditional au9iliary consum tion for flue gas desul huri?ation lants1 Post combustion ty e for Ga9imum additional *u9iliary "on'entional steam generator consum tion ( ercentage! (i! Eet lime stone rocess 1.: (ii! S ray dryer rocess 1.0 The au9iliary consum tion of the generating station with circulating fluidi?ed bed combustion steam generators at the rated ca acity with electric motor dri'en boiler feed 'alues1 Eith once through water Eith closed cycle cooling cooling using wet cooling tower 10.:O 11.0O 11.0O 10.0O um s shall not e9ceed the following
(i!%igh sul hur coals (Sul hur content Y1.0O! (ii!2omestic coal washery 10.:O reDects Im orted beneficiated /.:O coal Petroleum
co,eA<acuum &esidue (iii! Gulti lying factors for au9iliary consum tion for art load o erations1 2aily factor 100O =0O ;0O :0O (b! (1! lant load Gulti lying factor 1.00 1.0= 1.)0 1.50
"ombined cycle combustion turbine generating station1 "ombined cycle o eration

*u9iliary energy consum tion Eith wet (O!with once through water cooling cooling Tower
(a! $atural gas A($# System i! Eithout waterAsteam inDection ii! Eith waterAsteam ).:0 ).;0 inDection b! $a thaA$ # ( ).-: (with waterAsteam ()! inDection! Sim le cycle o eration (a!$atural gasA($#
system ).-: ).=: 5.00
i! Eithout water inDection
*u9iliary consum tion ercentage 1.): 1.5:
ii! Eith water inDection (b! $a thaA$#( with water inDection 2iesel electric generating station
1.:0
*u9iliary consum tion ercentage1 Ty e of diesel engine Eith radiator cooling Using wet tower a!Gedium s eed four 6.:0 6.00
cooling
stro,e b! (ow s eed two stro,e :.).5.
5.:0
5.00
$orms for ea,ing ca ability of hydro stations1 Pea,ing ca ability of hydroelectric follows1 ower stations can be com uted as
"a ital maintenance factor ("G! F 0.0=) >orced outage rate factor (>7&! F 0.06: *u9iliary consum tion factor (*"! F 0.01 "a acity a'ailability factor ("*>! F K1.("GP>7&!M F 0.=-5 Pea,ing ca ability factor (P">! F K"*> . "*> 9 *"M F 0.=;6 Seasonal hydro stations and mini hydel lants shall not be considered for ea,ing assistance. ;.0.
;.1
G#(#rat!o( >la(t Nor s/ AG<!)# L!(#s @or ?la((!(* ?<r?os#s o(l;B

*nnual lant load factor1 i!Thermal ower station ii!"ombined cycle combustion turbine lant iii!2iesel engine generating station i'!%ydro ...$ot less than 0.-: ...$ot less than 0.-: ...$ot less than 0.-: ...$ot less than 0.-:
;.) #ross heat rate of a generating station1
;.).1. Thermal Plant1 . I. Steam Turbine generator cycle1 Steam Turbine $ominal steam arameter i! ii! iii!
1-0 +gAcmZ(abs!A:5:["A:5:[" 1:0 +gAcmZ(abs!A:5:["A:5:[" 150 +gAcmZ(abs!A:5:["A:5:["
#ross heat rate +calA,Eh at loading of 100O =0O ;0O :0O )000 )060 )10 )15: 0 )060 )0=0 )16 )1-: 0 )0=0 )1)0 )1= ))1: 0
$ote1
The abo'e figures are for T# cycle with electric motor dri'en boiler feed um s. >or T# cycle with steam dri'en boiler feed um s the gross heat rate shall be increased by 60 +calA,Eh.
;.).). Steam generator efficiency1

Eith coal or lignite or etroleum co,e or 'acuum residue fuels1
>ormula1
Steam generator efficiency F /).: . K:0* P ;50(GP/%!MA#"<
Ehere the steam generator efficiency is based on #"< (#ross "alorific <alue! in ercent on as fired basis, @*@ . Percentage ash content in fuel in @as fired@ basis @G@ . Percentage moisture content in fuel in @as fired@ basis @%@ . Percentage hydrogen content in fuel in @as fired@ basis The @#"<@ 'alue @as recei'ed@ basis shall be reduced by 100 ,calA,g and the 'alue of @G@ increased by 1O to ta,e into account heat lost between coal @as recei'ed@ and @as fired@ basis. The 'alues of @#"<@, @*@, @G@, and @%@ are the weighted a'erage of all the consignments recei'ed during the month. Steam generator efficiency based on #"< with @"ore9 gas@ from steel industry shall not be less than =-.:O. Ehere a combination of fuels is used, the steam generator efficiency shall be the weighted a'erage figures based on the ercentage of the fuels used. ;.).5 #ross heat rate (#%&! for a combined cycle combustion turbine ("""T! generating station1
i! "ombined cycle o eration1
>or a generating station using $atural gasA (i8uefied natural gas (($#! as fuel at standard reference conditions as er latest 'ersions of IS7 . )516 and IS7 . 5/--1 Sl "ategori?ation based on IS7 base rating of combustion turbine $ (in sim le cycle mode with natural o gasA($# as fuel in the """T Bloc,. i! :0 GE and less ii! Gore than :0 GE and less than )00 GE
#ross heat rate of """T generating station in +calA,Eh at loading of1 100O =0O ;0O :0O 1=00 1;=0 1=:0 1-50 1/=0 1=:0 )0=0 1/:0
iii! $ote1
)00 GE and abo'e
1:=0
1;50
1-60
1=60
1. In case of """T generating stations using $a thaA$atural #as (i8uids ($#(!, the abo'e figures shall be multi lied by 1.0). ). In case of """T generating stations using con'entional combustor (other than dry low $79 control, #ross heat rate shall be increased as under due to heat rate degradation1 >UE( $atural gasA($# $79 emission le'el :0 PPG Ga9imum heat rate degradation 100 in +calA,Eh, with i! Eater inDection ii! Steam inDection -: $a thaA$#( 100PPG :0 5:
a. In case $79 emission le'els sti ulated in en'ironmental clearance are different from the abo'e 'alues, heat rate degradation a licable shall be in ro ortion of the ratio of abo'e $7 9 le'els to the le'els sti ulated in en'ironmental clearance. b. If dry low $79 combustors are used in conDunction with waterAsteam inDection, corres onding adDustment in heat rate shall be based on manufacturer@s guarantees. c. #ross heat rate for any loading between any two s ecified adDacent loading shall be inter olated on ro.rata basis.
ii! Sim le "ycle 7 eration1. >uel . $atural gas A($#
*t standard reference conditions as er the latest IS7 )5161 "ategori?ation based on IS7 based rating of combustion turbine in sim le cycle mode1 1. :0 GE and less ). Gore than :0 GE and less than )00 GE 5. )00 GE and abo'e $ote1 #ross heat rate in +calA,Eh at loading of1 100O =0O ;0O )=00 )/:0 51-: );00 )-:0 )/-: )600 )::0 )--:
>or units using $a thaA$#( the abo'e figures shall be multi lied by 1.01
In case of unit using con'entional combustor (other than dry low $7 9!and water inDection for $7\ "ontrol #%& shall be increased as under1 >UE( $atural asA($# $79 Emission le'el :0 PPG Ga9imum heat rate -0 degradation in +calA,Eh with water inDection $a thaA$#( 100PPG :0
In case different $79 emission le'els are sti ulated in en'ironmental clearance the heat rate degradation a licable shall be changed in ro ortion of the ratio of the abo'e stated $79 le'els to the $79 le'els sti ulated in the en'ironmental clearance. If dry low $79 combustors are used in conDunction with water inDection, corres onding adDustment in heat rate shall be mutually agreed based on manufacturer@s guarantees.
;.).6 #ross heat rate for 2iesel Electric Power Stations1 #ross heat rate at standard reference conditions as er latest 'ersion of IS7.506; shall be (a! the following 'alues1 Ty e of diesel engine #%& in +calA,Eh i! Gedium s eed four )000 ii! 7& (b! #uaranteed 'alues corres onding to G"& :h!5h#7#r !s l#ss. #ross heat rate indicated abo'e shall remain a not 'ary significantly between -0O and 100O ;.).: S ecific secondary fuel oil consum tion1
stro,e (ow s eed stro,e
two 1/00
licable for 'arious loading
conditions of the station. #enerally heat rate of diesel generating unit does
a! Steam ower station1 The s ecific secondary fuel oil consum tion for the ur ose of start u , shut down and flame stabili?ation shall not e9ceed the following 'alues1 Ty e of fuel "onsum tion G(Agross ,Eh a! *ll ty es of coals, 1.0 etroleum co,e and 'acuum residue b! (ignite 5.0 in
$ote1 Ehile calculating the consum tion of rimary fuel, the heat credit for the secondary fuel consum tion at the abo'e rates shall be gi'en. ;.).; S ecific reagent consum tion for flue gas desul huri?ation system1 a! In.combustion system1 . >or circulating fluidi?ed bed combustion ty e of steam generators shall be1 i! #uaranteed s ecific &eagent consum tion, or ii! <alues, as er the following formula, :h!5h#7#r !s l#ss. >UE( %igh Sul hur coalA(ignite Pet co,eA'acuum residue &eagent (ime stone (ime stone S ecific reagent consum tion +gA+g of fuel consum tion K;.):APM 9 S K-.=APM 9 S
Ehere S is the ercentage Sul hur content in rimary fuel. P is ercentage urity of reagent. b! Post combustion system1 . S ecific reagent consum tion shall be (i! #uaranteed s ecific reagent consum tion or (ii! <alue as er the following formula :h!5h#7#r !s l#ss8
Process Eet lime rocess S ray absorber rocess
&eagent stone (ime stone dryer (ime
S7) &emo'al S ecific &eagent efficiency consum tion +gA+g of fuel consum tion /0O and more K5.)=APM 9 S -0O and more but K).1/APM 9 S ]=0O =0O and more but K).6:APM 9 S ]/0O /0O and more ).= 9 S
Ehere
S . ercentage Sul hur content in the fuel
P . Percentage urity of reagent.
;.).- (ubricating oil consum tion for diesel electric ower station1 "onsum tion shall not e9ceed the following 'alues1 TSPE 7> 2IESE( E$#I$E a!Gedium s eed . 6 stro,e b! (ow s eed . two stro,e
-.0
(ubricating oil (including cylinder oil! "onsum tion in gA+E% (#ross! 1.0 1.)
ESTIMATION OF ENERGY AEAILABILITY 1
The following energy1 %ydro stations
lant a'ailability shall be assumed for determining annual .$ormati'e a'ailability shall be considered at =:O Energy a'ailability de ending u on hydrology of each roDect. .*nnual lant load factor shall be combustion considered to be not less than 0.-:
Thermal stations "ombined cycle turbine lants 2iesel electric ower stations
The au9iliary consum tion of hydroelectric a'ailability to the #rid.

=.0 ECONOMIC >ARAMETERS 1
ower stations shall be ur ose of energy
assumed as 1.0O of energy generated for the
The cost estimate shall reflect economic conditions as on the base year. The increase in cost o'er time till the roDect is com leted shall be at the rate of inflation re'ailing o'er the eriod of each e9 enditure and e9cludes ta9es and duties. 2iscounting for calculating cumulati'e resent cost for each scheme shall be done at an annual rate of 10O.
/.0
>LANT ECONOMIC LIFE/
The economic life of generating lants may be assumed as follows for the lanning studies in accordance with #o'ernment of India notification made under sub. aragra h (*! of Paragra h <I of <I Schedule to Electricity Su ly *ct, 1/6=, from time to time. Plant ty e %ydro Electric Thermal Electric and waste heat reco'ery boilersA lant 2iesel Electric and #as lants
10.0 COST OF UNSEREED ENERGY 1
(ife in years 5: ): 1:
<alue of Unser'ed energy (i.e. the loss to economy if a ,Eh of energy re8uired by consumers can not be su ricing for such studies a
11.0
lied! shall be considered in the
economic analysis for the least cost generation e9 ansion lan. Suitable ower outage costs shall be ado ted from a'ailable licable for +arnata,a State.
EEALUATION OF >LANNING STUDIES/
Suitable com uter
rograms shall be ado ted to arri'e at a least cost
generation e9 ansion lan. The following guidelines are to be broadly followed in the estimation1 (1! The following generation ca acity addition scenarios to be considered in the conte9t of demand forecast1 (i! (ii! (iii! (i'! Gi9ed %ydro Thermal, 7nly Thermal, 7nly 2iesel, Gi9ed baseA ea, generation.
()! >or each of the abo'e, determine by simulation, the timing of the new generating lants during the lanning eriod in order to meet the Security Standards. (5! Simulate the system o eration in order to obtain the a'erage annual energy roduction from each lant. (6! "om ute the cumulati'e resent 'alue cost incor orating the ca ital costs, fi9ed and 'ariable o eration and maintenance costs, fuel costs and Unser'ed energy costs, for each scenario o'er the lanning eriod. (:! "om are the resent 'alue cost of each scenario with that of the others to arri'e at the least cost scenario. (;! "alculate the long run marginal cost for the least cost scenario as follows1 (i! >or each year of the lan eriod determine incremental cost of generation, energy re8uirement, energy generated, incremental net energy generated, loss of load robability in hours 3 unser'ed energy. (ii! &educe the incremental cost of generation to the net resent 'alue. (iii! (ong run marginal cost in &sA,Eh is F KThe total net resent 'alue of incremental cost of generation (&s.!MAKIncremental net energy generation (,Eh!M.
1).0
1).1
>O9ER GENERATION SECURITY STANDARDS/

*de8uate reser'e ca acity shall be a'ailable to ensure sufficient generation reser'e to meet the system load e'en if two of the largest units in the system are out of ser'ice, or to meet the non a'ailability of ade8uate hydro electric generation due to oor monsoon. The ea,ing ca acities and the energy generation ca acities, a'ailability of ower lants on which the ower and energy balance studies are based shall be determined on the basis of the ca acity reser'e s ecified in the following clause 15.0.
15.0 15.1
CA>ACITY RESEREE (oss of load robability ((7(P! of )O shall be used for lanning models. This shall mean that for )O of the year (i.e. u to -.5 days er year! the ower system may e9 erience shortages of generation ca acity.
15.)
* contingency reser'e margin e8ual to :O of the system
ea, load shall be
lanned to ta,e care of fluctuations in the a'ailability of hydro electric generation during critical eriod of >ebruary to Vune of a dry year, and to account for outage of units, ower station e8ui ment, non a'ailability of "entral Sector share in order to maintain security and integrity of system. 15.5 IEnergy not ser'edJ shall be limited to 0.1:O of the a'erage annual energy.
KE9 lanation1 . The antici ated load cur'e for the year shall be drawn with time on H\H a9is and load on HSH a9is. The area under the cur'e re resents the energy re8uirement. * suitable oint on HSH a9is re resenting the total antici ated ower generation ca acity shall be mar,ed, and a hori?ontal line is drawn through this oint. This line cuts the load cur'e at se'eral oints. The area under the load cur'e u to this line will be the HEnergy $ot Ser'edH, and shall be not more than 0.1: O of the total area under the load cur'e u to H\H a9is. The total time duration during which the energy not ser'ed falls shall not e9ceed )O 'i?., -.5 days in a yearM. CCC
>OM CODE ' >O9ER GENERATION MANAGEMENT AND O>ERATING STANDARD .

.8OBHECTIEE The Power #eneration Ganagement and 7 erating Standard has been re ared ursuant to Section 55 of the +arnata,a Electricity &eform *ct, 1/// and Part III Section 1; of the +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission ((icensing! &egulations, )000. '8).1 SCO>E This Standard ro'ides guidelines for o eration and maintenance of ower stations co'ering as ects of1
1! 7utage lanning of generating stations duly coordinating with the outage lanning of transmission system and distribution systems, )! #eneration scheduling and des atch, 5! >re8uency A <oltage A &eacti'e ower management, 6! Blac, Start o erations, maintaining s inning reser'es etc., with the obDecti'e of ma,ing a'ailable 8uality ower su ly to consumers as laid down in condition ))1(i! of +arnata,a &egulatory "ommission ((icensing! &egulations, )000.
).) The definitions of se'eral terminologies used in these standards as well as in other standards are co'ered in the H#rid "odeH. 285.1 DUALITY OF >O9ER SU>>LY UNDER BULK SU>>LY LICENCE/ 0 >re8uency1 . The rated ower fre8uency shall be :0 %?. *ll the constituents shall ma,e all ossible efforts to ensure that the grid fre8uency remains within the 6/.0 .:0.: %? band. 5.) <oltage1 .The highest and lowest 'oltages gi'en in the following table shall be considered for design ur oses1 *" Band IIIB III" <oltage $ominal <oltage +<. Ga9imum rms. +< ;; -).: 110 1)6 ))0 )6: 600 6)0 Ginimum +< ;0 100 )00 5;0
The 'oltage at any oint of the system under normal conditions shall not de art from the declared 'oltage by more than the 'alues gi'en below1 Band IIIB 3 III" L1).:O. 5.5 %armonic content1 . The total harmonic content for 'arious 'oltage le'els shall not e9ceed the following1 i! ii! iii!
38-
>or 'oltage le'els between 600 < and 6: +< X /O >or 'oltage le'els between 6: +< and ))0 +< X 6O >or 'oltage le'els higher than ))0 +< X 5O
OUTAGE >LANNING
6.1
The generating com aniesA"a ti'e Power Plants ("PP! shall finali?e their outage lanning in coordination with the Transmission (icensee to minimi?e the o'erall outage eriod as detailed in the #rid "ode.
6.)
$otwithstanding ro'ision in any a
ro'ed outage lan, no generating unit of a
generating com any or "a ti'e ower lant feeding the grid in e9cess of : GE shall be remo'ed from ser'ice without s ecific release from the State (oad 2es atch "entre (S(2"! 6.5 7nce an outage has commenced, if any delay in restoration is a time. rehended,
S(2" shall be informed rom tly together with re'ised estimation of restoration
,8-
GENERATION SCCEDULING AND DES>ATCC ro'ide ^ hourly mw A m'ar A ma9imum mwh
:.1 *ll generating com anies shall ahead basis by 10.00 hours. :.)
a'ailability (00.00 X )6.00 hours! of all generating units, to S(2" daily on day
"PPs shall forecast and ro'ide the ^ hourly im ort A e9 ort figures to sldc daily on day ahead basis by 10.00 hours.
:.5
In wor,ing out the mw A m'ar A ma9imum e9.bus mwh, hydro ower stations shall ta,e into account their res ecti'e re'ailing reser'oir le'els and any other restrictions on water usage and shall re ort the same to sldc.
:.6
In case of hydro generation com le9es where irrigation is not in'ol'ed and se'eral ower stations are constructed in the course of a single ri'er, a scheme for integrated o eration of the com lete generation com le9 must be e'ol'ed for o timi?ing the generation in all the ower stations in the com le9. the forecast of generation from each of the ower stations shall be done with the aid of suitable com uter rograms. these rograms shall ta,e into account the water flows into
each of the catchment areas in addition to discharge from the u stream ower stations, load demand forecasts from sldc, a'ailability of generating units in each station etc. for the ur ose of this clause, o timi?ation shall mean, that there should not be any loss of generation due to s illage of water in any of the reser'oirs, e9ce t when all the reser'oirs are full, and generation has reached the ma9imum limit for these ower stations, due to e9cessi'e inflow of water than e9 ected. :.: In addition, the total e9.bus GEh, which can be actually deli'ered during the day, shall also be declared. The ma9imum demand ca acity for each time bloc, (^ hour! hereinafter referred to as G2" and the total GEh ca acity for the day including limitation on generation during any s ecific the basis of generation scheduling. :.; In case of thermal stations, the declaration shall be for the ca acity of the generating station (e9cluding units ordered closure on account of generation scheduling! to deli'er e9.bus GEh for each time bloc, of the day (^ hour!. The ca acity of the generating lant hereinafter referred to as declared ca acity shall form the basis of generation scheduling. :.S(2" shall obtain from Southern &egion (oad 2es atch "entre (S&(2"! the ^ hourly GE entitlements from central generating stations by 11.00 hours on a day ahead basis. :.= S(2" shall roduce a day ahead ^ hourly generation schedule after eriod of the day as declared by the generating com anies along with in uts from "PPs shall form
consolidation of the data ro'ided by the generating com anies and S&(2". It will ta,e into account the ^ hourly demand estimates and latest lanned drawal schedule agreed with S&(2". :./ In re aration of the schedule, S(2" shall ta,e into account, the relati'e
commercial costs to the (icensee for the o eration of the generating units. :.10 S(2" shall re are the day ahead generation schedule ,ee ing in 'iew the following1
Transmission system constraints from time to time. ^ hourly load re8uirements as estimated by S(2". The need to ro'ide o erating margins and reser'es re8uired to be maintained. The a'ailability of generation from generating com anies, central sector generating com anies and "PPs together with any constraints in each case. 7'erall economy to (icensee and customers. This shall ta,e into account the cost of ower urchase from each generating com any and the cost of energy loss in transmission for arri'ing at a generating schedule, which results in least ossible cost of ower to the (icensee and customers. Terms and conditions in Tariff agreements with generating com anies, Inde endent Power Producers (IPPs!, 3 "PPs. 7 timi?ation of both GEAG<*& out uts from #enerating Plants. :.11 S(2" shall instruct generating com anies to hold ca acity reser'es (s inning and A or standby! to the agreed Southern &egional Electricity Board (S&EB! guidelines or as determined for local conditions. :.1) S(2" may also re8uire generating com anies A "PPs generating G<*& within their res ecti'e ca ability limit to maintain station bus 'oltages within the s ecified band of ma9imum and minimum. :.15 S(2" shall intimate generation schedule A im ort A e9 ort schedule for the following day to all generating com anies A "PPs (including any generating unit not re8uired to be run! by 1;.00 hours. :.16 #enerating com anies shall which would affect its o eration. :.1: *ll "PPs shall similarly re ort regarding their e9 ort to the Transmission (icensee. S(2" shall ad'ise users as soon as ossible of any necessary rescheduling.
68FREDUENCY MANAGEMENT
rom tly re ort to S(2". "hanges of
generating unit a'ailability or ca ability, or any une9 ected situation,
;.1
The Transmission (icenseeAS(2" shall endea'or to run the system within the fre8uency band of 6/.0 %Q to :0.: %Q. *utomatic load
fre8uency relays would be one of the de'ices to assist to maintain fre8uency at :0 %? . ;.)The Transmission (icenseeAS(2" shall be 'igilant when the fre8uency begins to rise abo'e :0 %Q and initiate the following measures to bring down the fre8uency to around :0 %Q. "hec, generation scheduling <s generation and re8uest concerned generating com any with e9cess generation to conform to generation schedule. *d'ise hydro stations to reduce generation without water s illage. *d'ise coal fired thermal stations ha'ing )10 A :00 GE units to bac, down to I\J multi lied by the load factor (where I\J is the generation of articular units during ea, hours! but not to the e9tent re8uiring oil su ort. #i'e a ro riate instructions to other generating stations.
;.5 In case fre8uency rises to :0.: %Q in s ite of abo'e measures, the Transmission (icensee shall1 *d'ise diesel electric and coal fired thermal stations ha'ing )10 A :00 GE units to bring down generation to bare minimum using oil su ort or if necessary to shut off )10 GE units.
;.6
In case the fre8uency still has a raising trend e'en beyond :0.: %Q, and if there is im ort at oints of interconnections, the Transmission (icensee in consultation with S&(2" island its system from the rest of the Southern #rid.
;.:
The Transmission (icensee shall be 'igilant when fre8uency begins to fall below 6/.: %Q and initiate the following measures to raise the fre8uency to a roach :0 %Q1 "hec, generation scheduling <s generation and re8uest concerned generating com any with less generation to conform to generation schedule. "hec, whether there is any e9cess drawal at any oints of interconnection by any 2istribution 3 &etail su ly (icensee and
;.;
ad'ise such (icenseeA "om any to restrict its drawal within schedule. *d'ise hydro stations to synchroni?e standby machines if a'ailable.
In case the fre8uency still falls and reaches 6/.0 %Q the S(2" shall ad'ise the 2istribution 3 &etail Su redetermined bloc,s. ly (icensees to shed load manually in
;.-
In case the fre8uency still continues to fall and reaches 6=.: %Q, the Transmission (icensee shall in consultation with &(2" island its system from rest of S&EB if there is e9 ort at oints of interconnection and in the e'ent of net im ort, shall contact S(2" for instructions regarding load shedding in the Southerngrid to maintain fre8uency and grid integrity.
78-
EOLTAGE AND REACTIEE >O9ER MANAGEMENT cur'es for all generating units indicating restrictions if any, to allow accurate system studies and effecti'e o eration of the transmission system. " s shall similarly furnish the net reacti'e ca ability that will be a'ailable for e9 ort A im ort from the transmission system.
-.1 #enerating com anies shall ma,e a'ailable to sldc the u .to.date ca ability
-.)
(oad flow studies shall be conducted for different conditions of o eration commonly encountered. The 'oltages of all the node oints shall ha'e to be maintained within the s ecified limits. 7n the basis of these studies S(2" shall instruct generating com anies and "PPs to maintain s ecified 'oltage le'els at interconnecting oints by transformer ta changing to the e9tent ossible and use G<*& reser'es in accordance with technical limits of generating units as er ca ability cur'es. Transmission system 'oltage le'els can also be affected by regional o eration. %igh transient 'oltages generally occur during load throw off and switching o erations. This should be controlled to be within s ecifications by ade8uate control strategies.
-.5
The 'oltage angle between the most lagging and the most leading machine terminals in a ower station should be within the range of 50 . 60 degrees for a strongly cou led system. This may be achie'ed by controlling the acti'e and reacti'e ower generation in all the machines in the station to be in ro ortion to their rated ca acities.
18-
BLACK START O>ERATIONS
=.1
Preferably all maDor hydro.generating stations shall ha'e blac, start ca ability. In the e'ent of total or artial blac,out of the system and in the e'ent of non.a'ailability of e9ternal source for start u , one of the generating units ha'ing connection to an au9iliary transformer in the station shall be started using su ly from blac, start generator. The rocedure for such start u shall be e'ol'ed and after bringing one unit in to ser'ice, other units in the ower station shall be started and brought into ser'ice to bring the station bac, to normalcy. Start u of necessity. ower su ly to other ower stations can be e9tended as er instructions of S(2" in case
%8-
SCCEDULE OF DES>ATCC
/.1
/.1.1
G#(#rat!o( D#s?at5h
*ll generating com anies shall regulate generation and "PPs regulate their e9 ort according to the daily generation schedule. *ll generating units, abo'e : GE, other than those of "PPs, will be subDect to "entral des atch instructions. "PPs will be subDect to these instructions to the e9tent of their res ecti'e e9 orts to the Transmission (icensee. S(2" will des atch by instruction all generation and im orts from "PPs according to the ^ hourly day ahead generation schedule, unless rescheduling is re8uired due to unforeseen circumstances. In the absence of any des atch instructions by S(2", generating com anies and "PPs shall generate A e9 ort according to the ^ hourly day ahead generation schedule. 2es atch instruction shall be in the standard format. These instructions will recogni?e declared a'ailability and other arameters, which ha'e been made a'ailable by the generating com any to S(2". These instructions
shall include time, name of the Power Station, generating units (total e9 ort in case of "PP!, name of o erators sending and recei'ing the same. /.1.) 2es atch instructions may include1
To switch a generator in or out of ser'ice. 2etails of reser'e to be carried on a unit. To increase or decrease G<*& generation to maintain 'oltage rofile. To begin re. lanned blac, start rocedures. To hold s inning reser'es if a'ailable. To hold generating units on standby if a'ailable.
/.) "ommunication with generating com anies1 . 2es atch instructions shall be issued by e.mail A Tele hone, confirmed by e9change of names of o erators sending and recei'ing the same and logging the same at each end. *ll such oral instructions shall be com lied with immediately, and written confirmation shall be issued by >a9, Tele rinter or otherwise. %82 A5t!o( r#G<!r#) "; *#(#rat!(* 5o ?a(!#s
/.5.1 *ll generating com anies and "PPs shall com ly rom tly with des atch instructions issued by S(2" unless this action would com romise the safety of lant or ersonnel. The generating "om any and "PPs shall rom tly inform S(2" in the e'ent of any unforeseen difficulties in carrying out an instruction. *ll generating units shall ha'e *utomatic <oltage &egulators (*<&! in ser'ice. *ll generating units shall ha'e the go'ernors a'ailable and in ser'ice and must be ca able of automatic increase or decrease in out ut within the normal declared fre8uency range and within their res ecti'e ca ability limits. #enerating com anies shall immediately inform S(2" by tele hone of any loss or change (tem orary or otherwise! of A in the o erational ca ability of any generating unit which is synchroni?ed to the system or which is being used to maintain system reser'e. #enerating com anies shall inform S(2" any remo'al of *<&
and A or go'ernor from ser'ice with reasons. "PPs shall similarly inform any change in status affecting their ability in com lying with des atch instructions. #enerating com anies shall not de.synchroni?e generating units, other than in res ect of "PPs, without instruction from S(2" e9ce t on the grounds of safety to the rom tly re orted to S(2". /.5.) #enerating com anies and "PPs shall re ort any abnormal 'oltage and fre8uency related o eration of generating units A feeders other than "PPs, without instruction from S(2". /.5.5 Standing instructions . In the e'ent of any emergencies the generating com any may synchroni?e units with the grid without rior intimation in the interest of safe o eration of the grid following standing instructions de'elo ed for such ur ose under Icontingency lanningJ. /.5.6 Should a generating com any fail to com ly with any of the abo'e ro'isions, it shall inform S(2" rom tly of this failure with reasons. .-810.1 Sta()ar)s to "# #t "; th# G#(#rat!(* 5o ?a(!#s/ 0 ower su ly from rom tly to S(2". #enerating com anies shall not synchroni?e generating units, lant and ersonnel, which shall be
The Transmission licensee while contracting bul, the ower
generating com anies shall s ecify 'oltage and fre8uency standards in urchase agreement with limits of 'ariation, which the generating com any has to com ly with. 10.) ThermalAnuclear generating units shall not normally run at leading ower factor. %owe'er, for the cur'es.
ur ose of charging, generating unit may be
allowed to o erate at leading ower factor as er the res ecti'e ca ability
10.5
The Transmission (icensee shall incor orate conditions in urchase agreement re8uiring the generating com anies to commit1
ower
..8-
#o'ernor res onse during fre8uency transients at different load le'els. &eacti'e ower ca ability.(G<*&! (ine charging ca ability. Economic bac, down le'el. (oading increment rate from bac, down le'el to ma9imum continuous rating (GEAGin!. (oading decrement rate from ma9imum continuous rating to bac, down le'el (GEAGin!. Pic,u rates on synchroni?ing in GE to the e9tent that it does not Deo ardi?e safety of its lant and ersonnel under the following conditions1 1! "old Start. )! Earm Start. 5! %ot Start. Blac, Start ca ability referably in all maDor hydro stations.
GENERATION RESEREE lan for necessary ca acity and energy
11.1
The Transmission (icensee shall
reser'es in accordance with security standards. These reser'es shall be allocated to the generating com anies in the following manner1
1! )! 11.)
"ontingency &eser'e1 7n month ahead basis. S inning &eser'e1 7n day ahead basis.
The total minimum reser'es of :O of system Pea, (oad shall be achie'ed by ma,ing suitable allocations to s ecific generating stations.
.'8MONITORING OF GENERATION
1).1
The Transmission (icensee shall ro'ide facilities at S(2" for recei'ing the following real time data from generating com anies1 1! >re8uency.
-
)! 5! 6! :!
1).)
GE out ut. G<*& out ut. GE and G<*& flow in outgoing lines. <oltage at interconnection bus.
The Transmission (icensee shall establish suitable rocedure for monitoring the
following arameters of a generating lant1
1! 2eclared gross generation ca acity. )! (oading rate of a unit. 5! 2e.loading rate of a unit. 6! *cti'e and &eacti'e ower deli'ery following des atch instructions. :! "a ability of the generating re8uirements. lant to meet s inning reser'e
>OM CODE02
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM >LANNING AND SECURITY STANDARD .8OBHECTI EE The Transmission System Planning and Security Standard has been re ared ursuant to Section 55 of the +arnata,a Electricity &eform *ct, 1/// and Part III Section 1; of the +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission ((icensing! &egulations, )000.
).0 ).1
SCO>E The Transmission System Planning and Security Standard has been re ared ursuant to condition )).1.(i! of +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission X (icensing &egulations )000. standard co'ers1 (a! (b! (c! System studies to be conducted for lanning. *ssessment of the system data to be maintained. *ssessment of generation a'ailability and identification of the locations of future ower stations and maDor load centers including e9 ansion of e9isting Power Stations, recei'ing stations and sub.stations for lanning an o'erall economical ower system. Planning criteria. (imits of line loading. 7 tions to be considered for strengthening of e9isting lines where'er economically feasible. Security conditions re8uired for maintaining s ecified degree of reliability. "riteria for substation lanning. Estimation of reacti'e ower com ensation re8uired. It formulates the guidelines for lanning and e9 ansion of transmission system in the State of +arnata,a. The sco e of this
(d! (e! (f! (g! (h! (i!
).)
The definitions of se'eral terminologies used in this standard as well as in other standards are co'ered in the H#rid "odeH.
28TRANSMISSION >LANNING
5.1
The long and medium term a roach for e'acuating
ers ecti'e
lanning in'ol'es an integrated
ower from different generating stations,
irres ecti'e of their ownershi , and deli'ering it to the beneficiaries o'er an o timally designed ower transmission system with reliability, security and economy. The ower system in +arnata,a has to be lanned in such a manner, that the ower recei'ed from all the ower lants, the share of ower from Southern grid and central sector ower stations can be er their transmitted without constraints to different beneficiaries, as conditions and redundancy criteria.
5.) The transmission lanning should be de'elo ed to achie'e a strong co.ordinated ower system for the Southern region and ultimately a national grid, where substantial inter.regional transfers can be achie'ed with o timi?ed utili?ation of a'ailable generation and to ro'ide a high standard of su ly to beneficiaries with acce table degree of reliability and at reasonable cost. The criterion should be that e'en under the conditions of the s ecified outages considered in the security standards, the lanning should ,ee u graded when ower flow should not be affected. The transmission in 'iew the long term future load growth also and the lanned that the same can be minimum interru tions and in future, with
allocated shares, maintaining a reasonably good 'oltage rofile, stability
transmission lines and substations shall be so necessary modifications. 5.5 >or the ur ose of reducing in'entory,
rocurement time and installation time,
the (icensee shall ado t standardi?ed designs as far as ossible for transmission line towers, structures for substations, substation lighting, control room lighting and 'entilation, substation earthing, standardi?ed s ecification for line materials,
transformers, substation e8ui ment, cables, bus bar accessories, insulators, hard wares etc. 5.6 The ossibility of ro'iding ade8uate transmission interconnections within the +arnata,a state grid as well as between interstate grids has to be considered where'er economically feasible considering all economic energyAca acity interchanges subDect to trade off between new generation and cost of transmission. The modern >le9ible *" Transmission System (>*"TS! based on thyristor based controls, %<2", fast controllable hase shifters etc., ha'e also to be considered where'er economically feasible andAor constraints of corridor e9ist for construction of new transmission lines. 386.1 SYSTEM STUDIES The loads to be su lied from 'arious sub.stations at steady state within the
limits of declared 'oltage and acce table fre8uency of :0 %? and the future load de'elo ment has to be assessed after ma,ing a detailed study of the resent conditions and a load sur'ey. * reasonable estimate of transmission losses shall also be included to arri'e at ea, generation ca acity. The system is to be further e'ol'ed based on the following ower system studies1 (oad flow 7 timal ower flow for 'arious conditions. Short "ircuit System stability. Steady state System stability.transient Studies to determine switchingAtem orary o'er 'oltages 7ther studies as re8uired. 6.) These studies re8uire suitable com uter rograms. Gathematical models of
generation, transmission and load shall be re ared se arately for each year of a lan eriod assessing robable year of commissioning of articular lines, sub. stations, additional transformers in e9isting sub.stations etc, based on the system networ, for the year in 8uestion with all the generation and load buses ro erly located. Inter connections with the southern grid through neighboring states at 600+< and ))0+< le'els shall ha'e to be incor orated. * interconnection ro riate e8ui'alent circuit models shall be used to ta,e into account the fault le'el at the oints. The interconnection buses shall be modeled by -
re resenting significant and necessary ortions of the neighbouring networ,s to re resent realistically the GE and G<* im ortsAe9 orts. Studies shall be carried out both for ea, load and minimum load conditions.
,8:.1
SYSTEM DATA To arri'e at a reasonably accurate load forecast and for conducting studies, com ilation and u dating of system data is absolutely necessary. The lanning study should begin with the ro er re resentation of the e9isting system to establish the base case and to 'alidate the model. The results obtained for the e9isting system should be 'erified with the meter readings, logged data at the sub.stations and the state load des atch center to closely match the same. The system arameters ha'e to be u dated incor orating the correct data whene'er addition or modifications ha'e been carried out on the system either by the sur'ey of the correct line lengths and conductor configurations or referably by direct measurement of the line im edance 'alues whene'er and where'er ossible. *ll the system data shall be the same for both the lanning standards and o eration standards. The loads shall be modeled at ))0+<, 110+< and ;;+< buses. The annual minimum load shall be ta,en as a ercentage of annual ea, demand as re'ailing in the base year. Ehere'er data is not a'ailable, the load ower factor at 110A;; +< le'els can be ta,en as 0.=: lagA0./0 lag for ea, loadAlight load conditions for normal loads and 0.-: lagA0.=: lag for redominantly agricultural loads. Ehere limits by ro'iding com ensation at a studies where'er data is not a'ailable. ower factor is less than the figures s ecified abo'e, the res ecti'e utilities shall bring the ower factor to the abo'e ro riate laces. The norms gi'en in the arameters for conducting system *nne9ure shall be followed for all other
;.0
GENERATION
;.1
>or ea, load conditions, different generation mi9es of 'arious ower stations, resulting in an o timal a'erage cost shall be determined by conducting the re8uired number of load flow studies, or using well de'elo ed com uter rogram ac,ages to determine the same. >or the minimum load conditions, the generator which must run shall be used in conDunction with the most economical generation. The generation des atch for the ur ose of sensiti'ity analysis corres onding to a com lete closure of a maDor generating station shall be wor,ed out by increasing the generation at other stations to the e9tent ossible ,ee ing in 'iew the ma9imum li,ely a'ailability at those stations, cost of ower, etc. Transmission constraints will ha'e to be addressed ro erly. The transmission system being lanned shall consider the ade8uacy of the networ, re8uired to transmit ower e'en under 'arious outage conditions s ecified in the security standards. Studies shall be re eated for normal and contingency conditions as re8uired in the security standards.
.8. 1.)
>LANNING CRITERIA The steady state 'oltage limits transmission 'oltages are as follows1
*" <oltage Band IIIB III" $ominal ystem <oltage +<.rms. ;; 110 ))0 600 Ga9imum +<. rms -).: 1)6 )6: 6)0 Ginimum +<. rms ;0 100 )00 5;0
ermissible for transmission and sub.
-.)
The abo'e limits may be e9ceeded only during outages of 600+< lines and in such cases it is necessary to su normal ta ly dynamic <*& resources at re8uired nodes. Under normal o erations when all the system elements are healthy, under the ositions of the ower transformers at the sending end, the system ositions may be increased or decreased at 'oltages at 'arious le'els at the tail end of the lines shall be as close to the nominal 'oltage as ossible. The ta ea, load or off load conditions res ecti'ely.
-.5
The system should withstand satisfactorily the outage of any ) circuits of ;; +< or 110+< or ))0+< lines or any one circuit of 600 +< lines with the 'oltage and fre8uency le'els remaining within the rescribed limits. The system shall remain in synchronism e'en in case of a single line to ground fault or three hase fault, assuming successful clearance of fault by the rotecti'e de'ices.
-.6
*de8uate margin shall be a'ailable, in terms of 'oltage and steady state oscillating stability.
18-
LINE LO ADING LIMI TS
=.1
The ca acity of E%< line shall be the lowest of the following1

1. Thermal limit1 . Some of the old transmission lines in the +arnata,a grid are designed for a conductor tem erature of ::[ " 8 Subse8uently ;:[" was ado ted. *t resent the same is raised to -:[ " for *"S& conductors and =:[ " for ***" conductor. >or future lines, the higher limit is recommended, e'en though the load on the line may be less. * suitable derating factor shall be a lied for old transmission lines de ending on the condition of the conductors. ). Sag criteria1 . This de ends on the actual conductor tem erature and minimum re8uired ground clearance as er I.E. rules. 5. Stability limits. This shall be based on the stability analysis made for each line both for steady state stability and transient stability. >or lanning ur oses, the guidelines furnished in the *nne9ure may be considered in the absence of detailed com uter studies. 6. The ma9imum load that can be transmitted on the transmission line, within the P 1).:O 'oltage regulation limits.
%8O>TIONS NET9ORK
FOR
STRENGTCENING
OF
TRANSMISSION
/.1
The following o tions are to be considered to e'ol'e an o timal lanning and design of transmission system.
1. *ddition of lines to a'oid o'er loading of the e9isting lines. ). $e9t higher 'oltage may be considered where three or more circuits of the same 'oltage class are en'isaged between two substations.
5. &econductoring of old ower conductors with aluminum alloy conductors on the e9isting su orts where'er ermissible. 6. Use of _<B string or olymer insulators to re'ent conductor swing and to increase clearances. :. Introduction of additional anel in the tower structure suitably to increase ground clearance, where'er ermissible in design, since the older lines are designed with a higher factory of safety. ;. &e lacement of metal cross arms with insulated cross arms and reconductoring. -. &einforcing tower legs with additional steel sections where'er ossible. =. U rating the transmission system where'er ossible, to ne9t higher 'oltage. /. * lication of series ca acitors in the e9isting transmission lines to increase ower transfer ca ability. 10. >le9ible *" transmission systems (>*"TS! and %<2" systems. 11. Static <ar. systems to increase the ca ability of transmission lines. The choice shall be based on cost, reliability and right of way re8uirements, energy losses, down time etc. /.) 7nly double circuit towers shall be used in all future lines u to and including ))0+<. In case of transmission system associated with nuclear ower stations there shall be two inde endent sources of ro'iding start u ower su ly for the ur ose of ower. >urther the angle between start u ower sources and
the $PP switchyard should be as far as ossible maintained within 10 degrees.
/.5
The e'acuation system for sensiti'e stations shall be
ower stations 'i?. nuclear
ower
lanned so as to terminate it at large load centers to
facilitate islanding of ower station in case of contingency.

.-8SECURITY STAND ARDS
10.1
Steady State Stability

The system shall be lanned to withstand satisfactorily without any load shedding or altering the generation at ower stations for at least, any one of the following outage conditions1 1. ). 5. 6. :. ;. 7utage of any tower in a 2A" Transmission line Two "ircuits of ;; +< or 110+< or ))0+< lines. 7ne circuit of 600+< line. 7ne interconnecting transformer. 7ne largest ca acity generator. 7ne inter.connecting line with neighbouring grid. -
The abo'e contingencies shall be considered assuming a recontingency system de letion ( lanned outage! of another ))0 +< double circuit line or 600 +< single circuit line in another corridor and not emanating from the same substation. *ll the generating lants shall o erate within the limits as er their reacti'e ca ability cur'es and the networ, 'oltage rofile shall also be maintained within the s ecified 'oltage limits. 10.) Transient Stability
The system shall be designed to maintain synchronism and system integrity under the following disturbances. 1. 7utage of the largest si?e generator in the Southern grid or interconnection with neighbouring grids. ). (a! * single line to ground fault on a 600+< line, single ole o ening of the faulted hase (: cycles! with unsuccessful reclosure (dead time 1 sec! followed by 5 ole o ening (: cycles! of the faulted line. (b! 600 +< 2A" line1 (i! Ehen both the circuits are in o eration, the system shall be ca able of withstanding a ermanent fault on one of the circuits followed by a three. ole o ening (100.m sec.! of the faulted circuit. KE9 lanation1 . Single ole o ening and unsuccessful auto.reclosure is not considered generally in long 600 +< 2A" lines since the reclosure facility is by. assed when both circuits are in o eration, due to difficulties in si?ing of neutral grounding reactors.M (ii! Ehen one of the circuits is under maintenance A outage the system shall be ca able of withstanding a transient fault on the circuit in ser'ice. 5. * ermanent 5. hase fault with duration of =.cycles on ))0 +< or 110 +< or ;; +< line assuming three. ole o ening. 6. $o stability studies for faults are re8uired for radial lines.
..8-
SUBSTATION >L ANNING CRI TERI A
11.1
>or meeting a
articular 8uantum of load the number of substations
re8uired de ends u on the choice of 'oltage le'els, the G<* ca acity and
the number of feeders ermissible etc. The number of E%T transformers, interconnecting transformers shall also be considered in lanning to ta,e care of contingencies of lannedAforced outages. The ru turing ca acity of the circuit brea,ers shall ha'e )0 ercent margin to ta,e care of increase in short circuit le'els as the system grows. The following criteria can be ado ted1
a! The ca acity of any single substation at different 'oltage le'els shall not normally e9ceed1 600 +< ))0 +< 110 +< ;; +< 1000G<* 600 G<* =0 G<* =0 G<*
b! Si?e and number of interconnecting transformers (I"Ts! shall be lanned in such a way that the outage of any single unit would not o'erload the remaining I"Ts or the underlying system. c! Si?e and number of %T A E%T transformers shall be lanned in such a way that in the e'ent of outage of any single unit, the remaining %T A E%T transformers would still su ly =0O of the load. This has to be achie'ed in such a way that, with the interconnection of the adDacent substations, the load e9ceeding the ca acity of the a'ailable transformers may be transferred on to them. d! The rated ru turing ca acity of the circuit brea,ers in any substation shall not be less than 1)0O of the ma9imum fault le'els at the substations. (The )0O margin is intended to ta,e care of increase in short circuit le'els as the system grows!. The minimum rated ru turing of ca acity of switchgear at different 'oltage le'els are as follows1 ;; +< 110 +< ))0 +< 600 +< ): ,* 51 ,* 60 ,* 60 ,*
.'81).1
REACTIEE COM>ENS ATION
*s er I E rules, the ower factor of the consumer shall not be less than 0.=: lag for normal wor,ing load for which a ro riately si?ed ca acitor ban,s, ur ose the consumer shall if necessary. *de8uate ro'ide reacti'e
com ensation shall be ro'ided by the (icensee to maintain the ower factor at ))0+< and higher 'oltages at 0./: lag or more.
1).)
Suitable shunt reactors shall be ro'ided at 600+< stations for controlling 'oltages within the limits rescribed. The ste changes shall not cause a 'oltage 'ariation e9ceeding :O.
Suitable line reactors shall be ro'ided to enable charging of 600+< lines without e9ceeding the 'oltage limits s ecified. If the 'oltage rise limits s ecified are not e9ceeded in the most ad'erse case also without shunt reactors, the reactors ro'ided may be switchable.
ANNE=URE DATA >RE>ARATION FOR TRANSMISSION >LANNING STUDIES *ctual system data where'er a'ailable should be used. In cases where data is not a'ailable standard data gi'en below can be assumed. I.
i. ii.
(oad >low and Short "ircuit studies1 The Power factor shall be as indicated in Section 6.1. &eacti'e ower limits for generator buses shall be as follows1 Rma9 F :0O of acti'e generation. Rmin F (.! :0O of Rma9.
iii.
The desired 'oltage of generator (P<! buses shall be between 1.05 and 1.0: for ea, load conditions and between 0./= to 1.00 for light load conditions. The line arameters (P.U.A+GA"+T on 100 G<* base!shall be assumed as follows1 "onductor Positi'e se8uence & \ 1.=;)E. : 1./56E. : 1.0:E.: 0./-/E. : 1.601E. 6 1.;0E.6 16.0:E. 6 ).0-:E.6 ).0;:E.6 1.:/E.6 1.;-;E.6 1.=-E.6 =.:;/E.6 51.60E.6 B :.::E.5 :.;-E.5 ;.;:E.5 ;.//E.5 :.=;E.5 Qero se8uence & \ 1.01)E. 6 1.0:1E. 6 :.-0=E. 5 :.5)E.5 -.;1;E. -.-:E.6 -.-5E.6 :./6E.6 ;.);E.6 ;./6/E.6 ).;=-E.5 1.1-E.) B 5.:=6E. 5 5.;;E.5 6.)/6E. 5 6.:1E.5 5.-=5E. 5 =.)65E. 6 1.=)E.6
iv.
(ine 'oltage (+<! 600 600 600 600 600 ))0 110
Twin Goose Twin ***" Ruad Qebra Ruad **" Tri le Qebra 2ra,e (yn9
5 1.510E.5 6.;:)E. 5.:=E.6 5 ).;)E.5
;;
v.
"oyote
:.6:E.5
=.=)E.5
1.)-E.6
=.=6E.5
5.5;E.)
;.-)E.:
Transformer reactance on its own base1 G < * #enerator transformer1 16O to 1:O Inter connecting transformer1 1).:O In lanning studies all the transformers should be ,e t at nominal ta s and the 7n (oad Ta "hanger (7(T"! should not be considered. The effect of the ta s should be ,e t as o erational margin.
vi.
vii.
>or short.circuit studies, e'en though short.circuit le'els com uted using the sub.transient reactance (\ d! is higher, the transient reactance (\d! of the synchronous machines shall be used. This is suggested due to the fact, that the circuit brea,er would o erate only after 100 milliseconds from the time of fault initiation, and by this time the effect of sub.transient reactance would not be resent.
viii.
>or asymmetrical faults, the 'ector grou of transformers, and the inter. winding reactance (for three winding transformers!, shall be ta,en into account.
ix.
The generators and the generator transformers shall be re resented se arately for e'aluating the generator bus short.circuit le'els. <oltage and fre8uency de endency of the system loads shall be considered as follows1 >or 'oltage >or fre8uency de endency1 de endency1 load P F P0 (<A<0! P F P0 (fAf0! Inde endent fre8uency of
x.
*cti'e (P! &eacti'e load R F R0 (<A<0!Z (R!
Ehere P0, R0, <0, f0 are the 'alues at the initial system o erating conditions. II. Transient Stability studies1
Ehile carrying out transient stability studies, the e9 ortAim ort toAfrom the neighbouring region shall be re resented as assi'e loads. III. Ty ical arameters for thermal and hydro machines1 Gachine 2ata . Thermal A %ydro. Gachine arameters Gachine &ating Thermal :00 )10 GE )1.00 :==.00 5.0(ea,age (\l! 0.16 2irect a9is (\d! ).51 Ruadrature a9is ).1/ (\8! 0.)2irect a9is (\d! Ruadrature a9is 0.-0 (\8! 0.)1) 2irect a9is (\d! Ruadrature a9is 0.)55 (\8! /.0 2irect a9is (Tdo! Ruadrature a9is ).: GE 1:.-: )6-.00 ).-5 0.1= ).)5 ).11 0.)0.:5 0.)16 0.)6: -.0 ).: 0.06 0.) %ydro )00 GE 15.= )):.00 5.: 0.1; 0./; 0.;: 0.)0.;: 0.1= 0.)5 /.0.: 0.0: 0.10
&ated 'oltage (+<! &ated G<* Inertia constant (%! &eactance1
Transient &eactance 1
Sub.transient reactance1
7 en
circuit .Transient
time constant
(T8o! . Sub. 2irect a9is (Tdo! 0.06 Ruadrature a9is 0.) transient (T8o! I<. Ty ical arameters of e9citers1 %ydro
Ty ical arameters
Thermal ] )10 GE
Y GE
)10
Transducer Time "onstant (T&! *m lifier gain(+*! *m lifier Time "onstant (T*! &egulator (imiting Ga9imum (<& ma9! Ginimum (<& min! <oltage >eed Bac, signal #ain (+>! Time "onstant (T>! E9citer #ain (+E! Time "onstant (TE! <. TransientA2ynamic Studies1 System shall be, to the e9tent
0.060 0.060 ): . :0 ): . :0 0.06 . 0.06 0.0: 6.0 .6.0 0.01 1.0 1.0 0.0.0: ;.0 .:.0 0.01 1.00 1.00 0.5
0.01: :0 . )00 . 0.05 . 0.0: :.0 .:.0 0.01 1.00 1.00 0.001
ossible, re resented in detail. Parallel
circuitsAalternate aths shall also be considered. *t least one source shall be considered for detailed re resentation. Saturation characteristics of transformers and reactors shall also be considered. * these studies shall be used. <I. <oltage Stability Studies1 The studies shall be carried out using (oad >low analysis rogram by creating a fictitious synchronous condenser at the most 'oltage sensiti'e bus i.e., bus con'erted to P< bus. By reducing the desired 'oltage of this bus, G<*& generationAabsor tion is monitored. Ehen 'oltage is reduced to the le'el beyond which the G<*& absor tion does not increase by reducing the 'oltage further and instead it gets reduced. This 'oltage will be the +nee oint of R< cur'e and re resents instability. The hori?ontal @distance@ of the ,nee oint to the ?ero.G<*& 'ertical a9is measured in G<*&s, is the indicator of the ro9imity to the 'oltage colla se. <II. 1. (ine loading limits1 Thermal limit1 10 1: )0 ): 50 5: 60
-
ro riate data for
The thermal loading limits for 'arious si?es of conductors are as below1 *GBIE$T TEGP I$ 2E# ".
"oyote +undah Qebra 2eer 2ra,e Goose >alcon ).
);A).:6P-A1./0: 6)A5.:0P-A1./; :6A5.1=P-A5.1= 50A6.);-P-A6.););A).66)P-A5.6:6 :6A5.:5P-A5.:5 :6A6.5:/P1/A).;);
6-; /;) 1011 105/=/ 11:; 1:6:
6:) /1: /;) /=; /61 1100 16-0
6)= =;/11 /56 =/1 1061 15/)
606 =1; =:= ==0 =60 /=1 1511
5-= -;6 =06 =)6 -=; /1/ 1))=
5:1 -10 -6-;: -50 =:5 1161
5)5 ;:5 ;=-06 ;-) -=: 106/
Surge im edance loading1

Surge Im edance (oading for different conductor configurations are as follows1
"onductor configurations and S I ( for different 'oltage le'els. <7(T*#E (+<! $o. and si?e of conductor S.I.(. (GE! 600 ) \ :)0 S8.mm. :1: 600 6 \ 6)0 S8.mm. ;16 600 5 \ 6)0 S8.mm. :;0 600 ) \ :)0 S8.mm. 1:: ))0 ):0 S8.mm. 15) 110 110 S8.mm. :0 ;; =0 S8. mm. 5: The ermissible line loading as a function of line lengths and SI( are
indicated in the gra h anne9ed and these figures can be used only for lanning ur oses and when detailed line design is not yet made.
3.25 3 2.75 2.5 2.25 2 1.75 1.5 1.25 1 0.75 0.5 0.25 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 X 100 KM 6 7 8 9 10
LINE LOADING AS A FUNCTION OF LENGTC
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>OM CODE 3
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND O>ERATING STANDARD 1.0 1.1 OBJECTIVE The Transmission System Ganagement and 7 erating Standard has been re ared ursuant to Section 55 of the +arnata,a Electricity &eform *ct, 1/// and Part III, Section 1; of the +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission ((icensing! &egulations, )000. ).0 ).1
SCOPE
This standard formulates guidelines for grid o eration.The sco e of this standard co'ers1 (a! 2ata management and system studies. (b! (oad des atch and communication (c! <oltage and reacti'e ower management. (d! 2emand management. (e! System o eration.
).)
This standard shall ser'e as guidelines for the Transmission (icensee to o erate the transmission system for ro'iding an efficient, coordinated and economical system of electricity transmission to ensure ower su ly to consumers at the s ecified le'el of 'oltage and fre8uency. To o erate the transmission system efficiently, it is 'ery im ortant for the Transmission (icensee to collect, store 3 manage detailed u to date data of the com lete system to enable carrying out system studies whene'er re8uired. The details of system data to be collected and stored shall generally be as indicated in *nne9ure. 1.
).5
The definitions of se'eral terminologies used in this standard as well as in other standards are co'ered in the H#rid "odeH.
3.0 5.1
DATA MANAGEMENT AND SYSTEM STUDIES The Transmission (icensee shall carryout the following system studies as often as re8uired after ac8uiring detailed u to date data relating to the
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transmission system and the generating system Tincluding that of "a ti'e Power Plants ("PPs!U. a! (oad flows under different conditions of o eration. b! Steady state and transient stability limits of the system. c! (ocation and e9tent of reacti'e ower com ensation re8uired in the system for maintaining satisfactory 'oltage rofile in the system. d! >ault le'els at different oints in the system. e! Transient 3 dynamic studies 4.0 6.1 LOAD DESPATCH The Transmission (icensee shall be able to erform the following functions from the State load des atch center. 2aily generation load scheduling and issuing des atch instructions. Gonitoring line GE and G<*& drawals, E%T bus <oltages and >re8uency. Gonitoring generation out ut, e9 ortAim ort at 'arious interconnection. oints of
"oordination of restoration rocess after artial or total blac,outs in the transmission system. >inali?ation of outage lan for transmission system for carrying out maintenance, construction, modification, di'ersion etc., in coordination with the generation system and distribution system so that the security standards of the transmission system are not affected. *ssignment of s inning reser'e ca acity on each system and the coordination of s inning reser'e ca acity utili?ation in the integrated system. Installation of de'ices for automatic tri ing of non.critical loadsAmaDor transmission lines and generation to maintain fre8uency within set limits. "o.ordinated studies to re'iew ade8uacy of the system and inter system design and o erating ractices under unusually se'ere system disturbances. Issue of standing instructions to o erating staff of each system to deal with se aration of the system from inter.connected networ,.
5.0 :.1
COMMUNICATION The Transmission (icensee shall establish reliable and efficient oint.to. oint 'oice and data communication lin,s between State (oad 2es atch "entre
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(S(2"!, Southern &egional (oad 2es atch "entre (S&(2"!, #enerating Stations and E%T substations. :.) *ll o erational communicationsAinstructions transmitted byAto S(2" shall be recorded as e'idence of the communicationsAinstructions. 6.0 ;.1 REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT The Transmission (icensee shall endea'our for o timum use of the e9isting reacti'e resources and the reacti'e reser'es in the system to meet the steady state 'oltage limits at all buses in the transmission system as set in ITransmission System Planning and Security StandardJ. 7.0 -.1 EOLTAGE MANAGEMENT The Transmission (icensee shall monitor 'oltage le'els at all E%T substations of its transmission system on real time at S(2" by installing data ac8uisition system. -.) Since 'oltage is affected both by reacti'e ower flow and fre8uency, system 'oltage shall be regulated by ta,ing all feasible measures to regulate system reacti'e ower flows and fre8uency. -.5 -.6 *ll local 'oltage roblems shall be remedied to the e9tent ossible by
o erating local transformer ta s. In case of system high 'oltage, the Transmission (icensee shall ta,e the following measures1 *ddress the high fre8uency roblem. &e8uest generating lants to decrease G<*& generation in accordance with machine ca ability cur'es. Switch in bus reactors where ro'ided. Switch out ca acitors where ro'ided (if they are switched in!. &educe ta s of 600A))0 +< interconnecting transformers. Switch out one circuit of double circuit transmission line (if lightly loaded!. - 193 -
-.:
In case of system low 'oltage1 *ddress low fre8uency roblem. &e8uest generating lants to increase accordance with machine ca ability cur'es. G<*& generation in
Switch out bus reactors (if they are switched in!. Switch in ca acitors. Increase system <oltage by changing the ta s of 600A))0 +< and ))0A110 +< interconnecting transformers. &estoration of circuits under outage. 2emand reduction.
8.0 =.1
DEMAND MANAGEMENT The Transmission (icensee shall monitor GEAG<*& loading of each E%T line and each interconnecting transformer on real time basis at S(2" by installing data ac8uisition system.
=.)
Similarly the loading on each ower transformer at E%T substation shall be closely monitored during ea, load hours.
=.5 9.0 /.1
If any system com onent is being o'erloadedAo'erheated, the load on the same shall be reduced following suitable rocedure. UNDER FREDUENCY LOAD SCEDDING The Transmission (icensee in consultation with the users of the transmission system shall chec, whether there is any e9cess drawal at any interconnection by any 2istribution 3 &etail su there is also no oints of ly (icensee and ad'ise him
to restrict his drawal within schedule. If there is no such e9cess drawal, and ossibility of increasing the generation by the generating ing such of the lines as ro riate at that time in consultation with S(2". ro riately set shall be ro'ided for the ur ose com anies, load shedding should be done by tri found necessary and a Under fre8uency relays a where'er ossible.
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.-8-
ISLANDING SCCEME To a'oid total blac,ing out of the grid during system disturbances and for early normali?ation, islanding schemes for maDor generating stations (es ecially nuclear and thermal ower stations! and artA arts of the transmission system shall be de'elo ed in consultation with S&(2".
11.0 11.1
>OST DISTURBANCE ANALYSIS. *ll maDor grid disturbances causing tri abo'e!, tri ing of generating units (/0GE and rolonged interru tion and load ing of E%T lines ())0+< and abo'e! causing fullA artial system
blac,out, brea,down of E%T lines causing
restrictions shall be rom tly discussed in the #rid "ode re'iew Panel. This shall be done following discussion and analysis in any Sub. anel that may be formed by the Panel for the ur ose, immediately after the occurrence. 2isturbance re orts and recommendations made in such meetings shall be com iled and circulated to all members of the #rid "ode re'iew Panel for im lementation.
.'812.1
EEENT RE>ORTING The Transmission Licensee shall monitor all abnormal occurrences or events affecting the operation of the system as outlined in the Grid !"perational event#$ccident reporting%. ode in section
1).) The Transmission (icensee shall ensure that within 10 minutes of an occurrence, 'erbalA<.Sat communication shall be made to a designated officer by the officer in charge of the shift of S(2" who shall ha'e authority to intimate follow u action as deemed fit. The shift officer at S(2" must, howe'er, gi'e utmost riority in safeguarding the system before initiating the re orting rocedure. 1).5 Eithin one hour of restoration of normalcy, a communicated to the designated officerAofficers. reliminary re ort shall be
re ared (in a form to be standardi?ed by the Transmission (icensee! and
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1).6
Eithin 6= hours, a detailed re ort shall be designated officerAofficers.
re ared (in a form to be
standardi?ed by the Transmission (icensee! and communicated to the
.2815.1
OUTAGE >LANNING The Transmission (icensee shall see that the outage lanning of the transmission system is coordinated with S(2" as detailed in Section 5.0 of the Power su ly management and o erating standards, at the same time ensuring that the security standards of the transmission system are not 'iolated.
.3816.1
>ROTECTION COORDINATION The Transmission (icensee shall coordinate the settings of relays in the rotection schemes of the transmission system with those of the generating com anies, P#"I( and grid system of neighboring states at res ecti'e oints of interconnection.
.,81:.1
FAULT LEEELS *s a routine measure the Transmission (icensee shall intimate all users of the transmission system, the a ro9imate fault le'el of the transmission system at each oint of interconnection both at E%T bus and at %T bus.
1;.0 1&.1
ON LOAD CCANGING The Transmission Licensee shall prepare a schedule for operation of on'load taps of load transformers and interconnecting transformers at each ()T substation in the transmission system under different generation and load dispatches as simulated in the system studies and enforce its implementation under similar situations obtained in practice.
.781-.1
SAFETY COORDINATION The Transmission (icensee shall obser'e the general safety re8uirements as laid down in IE rules for construction4 installation, maintenance of electricity su ly lines and a rotection, o eration and aratus.
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1-.)
The Transmission (icensee shall designate suitable control
ersons as
s ecified in #rid "ode for coordination of safety rocedures before wor, is ta,en u , during wor, and after wor, is com leted till the concerned system com onent is energi?ed, both inside its own transmission system and across a control boundary between its transmission system and that of any User. 1-.5 The Transmission (icensee shall de'elo ur ose of safety coordination. .1818.1 MAINTENANCE SCCEDULES The Transmission Licensee shall develop maintenance schedules of lines and substation e*uipment in conformity +ith relevant ,-./ manuals#manufacturers0 maintenance manuals. .%81/.1 MAINTENANCE STANDARDS The Transmission (icensee shall establish a hierarchy for im lementation of the maintenance standards and its monitoring as follows1 (i! $o E%T line shall suffer a total interru tion for more than 1-: hours in a year including lanned outages but e9cluding force maDeure causes. its own safety manual for the
(ii! $o %T su ly of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall suffer total interru tion for more than 1:0 hours e9cluding the actual interru tion eriod of E%T lines by which the interru tions to the res ecti'e %T line is caused in a year at the substation including lanned outages. '-8)0.1 S>ARES >or con'enience of maintenance, re airs and re lacement of line e8ui ment and substation e8ui ment, the Transmission (icensee shall de'elo suitable olicy on s are arts. '.8)1.1 TESTING LABORATORIES The Transmission (icensee shall establish testing laboratories of its own, or ha'e arrangements with testing laboratories a e8ui ro'ed by +E&", fully ed for routine testing of relays, meters, "Ts, PTs, condenser bushings a
and other electrical accessories used in substations in accordance with rele'ant Indian standards and manufacturerBs instructions.
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''8)).1
TESTING ORGANIKATION The Transmission (icensee shall establish testing organi?ations under its control, staffed with 8ualified, trained and s,illed ersons and e8ui all necessary testing e8ui ment, ower su ed with ly etc., for conducting field tests
of substation e8ui ment such as transformer, "ircuit brea,er, "T, PT, Station battery, relays and meters, control wiring, cables, lightning arresters, substation earthing, etc. *lternati'ely the Transmission (icensee shall ha'e arrangements with any standard testing laboratory a conducting all the re8uired tests. '28)5.1 TOOLS AND TACKLES The Transmission (icensee shall maintain in good order and condition all necessary e8ui ment, tools, tac,les etc., for carrying out maintenance of lines, substation e8ui ment and ensure their a'ailability at all substations. '38)6.1 INS>ECTION OF LINES AND SUBSTATIONS The Transmission (icensee shall carry out eriodical ins ection of all lines and its sub.stations its transmission system, through an ins ection team 8ualified for the ur ose to ensure that maintenance of lines and substations is carried out as er maintenance schedules. CCCCC ro'ed by the +E&" for
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ANNEXURE 1
2ata for o eration and studies. *ll data should be on 100 G<* base. 1. LINE DATA OR LINES O 110 !V LEVEL AND ABOVE.
>rom Bus $o.1 >rom Bus name1 To Bus $o.1 To Bus $ame1 <oltage (e'el (+<!1 "+TS $o.1 (ine length(+G!1 "onductor Si?e and $o. of conductors er hase1 Pos. Se8uence &esistance A+m (in P.U.!1 Pos. Se8uence &eactance A+m (in P.U.!1 Pos. Se8uence %alf.line susce tanceA+m (in P.U.!1 Qero Se8uence &esistance A+m (in P.U.!1 Qero Se8uence &eactance A+m (in P.U.!1 Qero Se8uence %alf line susce tanceA+m (in P.U.!1 (ine ca acity (am s!(s ecify ambient tem erature [" and tem erature rise o'er ambient in ["! (ine reactors (if any! (at both ends! G<*&1 Sear of commissioning1
- 199 -
2. TRANS ORMER DATA OR ALL "00#$$0 !V AND $$0#110 !V AUTOTRANS ORMERS AND GENERATOR TRANS ORMERS. >rom Bus $o.1 >rom Bus name1 To Bus $o.1 To Bus $ame1 <oltage on %< Side (+<!1 <oltage on (< Side (+<!1 $o. of Transformers1 &esistance (in P.U.!1 &eactance (in P.U.!1 Ta setting1 $ominal Ta 1 Ta Ste 1 Ta &ange1 Transformer Ty e () or 5 winding. <ector #rou !1 &ating of Transformer (G<*!1 Sear of "ommissioning1 S ecial data for 5 winding Transformer Im edance between (P.U.! %<.G<1 G<.(<1 %<.(<1 <oltage on %< side1 <oltage on G< side1 <oltage on (< side1 (oading ca acity of Tertiary (if any!1 #rounding im edance in P.U.1 (if the neutral of the star is grounded!
- 200 -
5. Bus 2ata1 Bus $o.1 $ame of Bus1 Bus <oltage (+<!1 #en. BusA(oad Bus1 P gen. (GE!1 R gen. (G<*&!1 P (oad (GE!1 R (oad (G<*&!1 < obtained from #en. Bus1 G<*& "a ability cur'e for generators1 Shunt reactor, if any1 Shunt ca acitor if any1 ". MACHINE DATA A% GENERATOR DATA "a acity G<*, GE, G<*&, (minimum! 3 G<*& (Ga9imum! #enerator 'oltage in +< nominal, minimum, ma9imum Se8uence im edance of winding on its _ownB baseA#rounding im edance. 2irect *9is Synchronous &eactance Transient &eactance Sub.transient reactance Ruadrate *9is Synchronous &eactance Transient &eactance Sub.transient reactance Inertia constant in GE.SecAG<* 2am ing constant *rmature &esistance *rmature (ea,age &eactance 2irect *9is Transient time constant
- 201 -
Sub. transient time constant Ga9imum continuous rating. B% TURBINE DATA Ty e of Turbine i.e. %ydroASteam, >rancis, +a lan etc. Bloc, diagram of turbine model along with the 'alues of gain constants and time constant. Turbine dam ing constant ,d S eed of machine, nominal s eed *ny other constants as described in the bloc, diagram of Turbine model. C% EXCITER DATA a. Bloc, diagram of e9citer model along with the 'alues of gain and time constant li,e1 1.0 <7(T*#E &E#U(*T7& #*I$ *$2 TIGE "7$ST*$T Gain e9citer gain and time constant 1.0 ST*BI(IQI$# (77PA"(7SE2 (77P #*I$ *$2 TIGE "7$ST*$T
b. Power system stabili?er data. D% SPEED GOVERNOR DATA. Bloc, diagram of go'ernor model along with the 'alues of gain and time constant. Ga9. 3 Gin. 'al'e osition limits. Effecti'e s eed go'ernor system gain <al'e ser'o time constant. 5. DEMAND DATA OR ALL $$0 !V AND 110 !V SUBSTATIONS 1. 9##kl; M9&MEAR loa) )#ta!ls. GEAG<*& loading should indicate the ercentage of agricultural load, industrial load, domestic load 3 commercial load se arately. &estrictions im osed *ssessed reduction in 2emand due to restrictions
- 202 -
1.0
U$&EST &I"T E2 2EG*$2 1 GE 1 G<*&
). Na # o@ S<"stat!o(1 Ty ical daily load cur'e (for wee, day - wee, end! Under restricted demand Under unrestricted demand 6. REAL TIME DATA Each #enerating Unit X #eneration GE *ll 600A))0 +< line flow X GE and G<*& *ll 600A))0 +< transformer flow X GE and G<*& *ll 600A110 +< transformer flow X GE and G<*& Bus 'oltages at 600, ))0 +< buses. Ta ositions X 600A))0 +<, 600A110 +< 3 ))0A110 +< Transformers. Status of circuit brea,er ositions of all 600 +<, ))0 +< and 110 +< lines, transformers, generators. CCC
METERING CODE >OM CODE0,

- 203 -
METERING a() >rot#5t!o( Sta()ar)s
- 204 -
METERING CODE
.8- S5o?# This "ode s ecifies the minimum re8uirement of Getering to be ro'ided at the interface between #enerating Stations, Transmission and Bul, Su ly (icensee, and 2istribution and &etail Su ly (icensees and for the ur ose of monitoring and tariff re8uirements.
'8- O"I#5t!7# The main obDecti'e of this "ode is to formulate the detailed methodology to be followed by the concerned (icensees to the s ecified standards of electrical ro'ide the re8uired Getering for tariff licable for the ur oses and also for a smooth and healthy o eration of the Power System to meet ower. This "ode is a re8uirements of Getering at #enerating Stations, Sub.stations and the Technical Interface between any two 2istribution and &etail Su interconnection for1 a! Tariff Getering for *cti'e, &eacti'e Energy and fre8uency at deli'ery oints of #enerating Stations to Transmission System and *cti'e and &eacti'e energy along with Ga9imum 2emand at deli'ery oints of the Transmission System of the Transmission and Bul, Su sub.stations to the 2istribution System. ly (icensee@s ly (icensees at the oint of
- 205 -
b!
7 erational Getering for *cti'e and &eacti'e Power and monitoring of Power Stations and #rid Sub.stations at connection oints.
28- M#t#r!(* Sta()ar)s The Getering to be ro'ided at the Power Stations, Sub.stations and the 2istribution Systems shall meet the s ecific re8uirements of the HGetering and Protection StandardH issued se arately. This standard forms an integral art of this "ode. The words HPurchaserH and HSu re resent the following arties1 a! *t the Technical Interface between the #enerating Station and the Transmission and Bul, Su "om any is the HSu (icensee is the HPurchaserH. b! *t the Technical Interface between the Transmission and Bul, Su (icensee@s System and the 2istribution and &etail Su System, the Transmission and Bul, Su and the 2istribution and the &etail Su 38- E(#r*; a() >o:#r M#t#r!(* 6.1 Each #enerating Station shall ha'e se arate Tariff Getering. Each Power Transformer of a #rid sub.station su Su lying ower to 2istribution and &etail ly (icensees shall ha'e se arate Tariff Geters on the (ow <oltage side. oint both Gain and "hec, Geters shall be ly (icensee is the HSu ly lierH ly (icensee@s System, the #enerating ly lierH and the Transmission and Bul, Su lierH used through out this "ode shall
ly (icensee@s
ly (icensee is the HPurchaserH.
6.) *t each of the Tariff Getering ro'ided. The Su
lier shall ro'ide the Gain Geter and the Purchaser shall oints, both the Gain and "hec, Geters shall be
ro'ide the "hec, Geter. The Tariff Geter shall be connected at the deli'ery oint. *t the deli'ery Electronic Tri'ector Geter. If the e9isting system does not meet the re8uirements of this "ode, a >inal Getering Scheme is to be e'ol'ed by the concerned (icensees in accordance with this "ode within a s ecified time Schedule to be mutually agreed u on with the a
ro'al of the "ommission.
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6.5 The ownershi , maintenance and testing of the Gain Tariff Geter rest with the Su liers. Similarly the ownershi , maintenance and testing of "hec, Geters arty, shall by the a licable date, become rest with the Purchaser. Each
bound by this Getering "ode in this res ect and ensure that the re8uired Getering is ro erly installed and that they com ly with the re8uirements of this Getering "ode. ,8- Co0or)!(at!o( Co Su !tt##
* "o.ordination "ommittee shall be established between the Purchaser and lier for formulating 7 erational Procedures and regulate relations between the ly including arties, the re airs and maintenance of e8ui ments at the oint of su
the Getering e8ui ment, ta,ing Geter readings and ro'iding the a'ailable data and e'idence relating to Getering. The "oordination "ommittee shall consist of three members4 with one re resentati'e, who is an e9 ert in Getering, from each of the arties concerned and the third member shall be a erson who is a member of the #rid "ode &e'iew Panel mutually agreed u on by both the arties. 7nly the #rid "ode &e'iew Panel formed under the "ode, the (icensee may a 68- Data Coll#5t!o( The Transmission and Bul, Su ly (icensee shall ha'e the right to collect all the data relating 7 erational Getering. 78- A55<ra5; -.1 Getering shall be accurate within the rescribed limits and calibrated eriodically as s ecified in the HGetering and Protection StandardsH. If at any time the net Getered energy as rec,oned from the reading of the Gain Geter differs from that of "hec, Geter beyond 0.:O both the Gain and "hec, Geters shall be calibrated. The Sub.standard Geters used for the ur ose of test and calibration shall be got calibrated and sealed at a #o'ernment *uthori?ed Geter Testing %ouseA(aboratory or at a mutually agreed testing (aboratory
ro'isions of #rid "ode can re'iew the
Getering "ode. If the coordination "ommittee suggests any re'ision to the Getering roach the #rid "ode &e'iew Panel for the same.
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once a year. &ecord of testing and calibration of Substandard Geters shall be maintained by the Transmission and Bul, Su to calibrate, such meter shall be re laced. -.) It is the res onsibility of e'ery (icensee and the #enerating "om anies to ,ee the Geters in good wor,ing order at their own e9 ense. *ny new or re lacement Geter shall be tested as soon as reasonably racticable after installation. Before calibration and testing by any (icensee e9ce t in the circumstances necessitated by emergencies or e8ui ment failure, at least : days notice shall be gi'en to his counter art to enable him to witness the same if he so desires. 18=.1 R#5or)s Each (icensee shall maintain a register for the Geters for which he is res onsible. Each register shall contain all the information rele'ant to s ecifications such as serial number, accuracy class, all the rele'ant matters as may be re8uired relating to calibration including dates, location, result of tests, readings, adDustments or ins ections carried out. *ny tem orary or ermanent re lacement of Geters and the dates on which any seal was a lied or bro,en and the details of ersons carrying out and attending such tests, readings, ins ection and sealing shall be ro erly recorded. *ll such records shall be com lete and accurate and retained for at least three years. The Transmission and Bul, Su register. *ny data forming ly (icensee may insist on any other details, which he feels reasonably rele'ant, and these shall also to be included in the art of such Getering record shall be made a'ailable to the interested arty on re8uest. =.) Each (icensee shall ass on such records or co ies of the abo'e to his ro'ide co ies of all these ly (icensee. If it is not ossible
successor in relation to any Getering. Each (icensee and #enerating "om any shall at his own cost and e9 ense, records to the Transmission and Bul, Su %8- S#al!(*
ly (icensee.
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/.1 a! b! c! d! e! f! g! h! i!
The oints of sealing shall be1 "T secondary bo9es PT secondary bo9es Geter bo9 Geter test bloc, Geter terminal co'er Geter co'er Panel doors where "T and PT secondary circuits are terminated and fuses, lin,s etc., are a'ailable PT selector relay where automatic change.o'er of Geter from one PT to another is ro'ided "T rimary lin,s and to co'ers of "T where ratio changes are by lier shall seal all Tariff rimary change o'er otential su ly to
/.) >ollowing the effecti'e date, the Purchaser and Su
Getering. The seal shall be re laced following any test or ins ection. /.5 The seal should not be bro,en or remo'ed e9ce t in the resence of both the Purchaser and the Su lier concerned or with the rior consent of the arty lier of energy who affi9ing the seal. The seals of Tariff Geters shall be bro,en in the resence of the re resentati'es of both the concerned arties, i.e., Su raises the bill and the Purchaser who ays the bill. /.6 Each arty shall control the issue of its own sealing liers and shall ,ee an accurate register of all such liers and authori?ed ersons to whom they are issued. .-8- >#r!o)!5al T#st!(* 10.1 The Transmission and Bul, Su ly (icensee shall ensure that all the Geters, which are subDected to this "ode, are regularly tested at least once in a year. The testing shall be carried out in resence of the arties concerned, 'i?., the Purchaser and the Su Bul, Su lier. >or this ur ose, at least a fi'e.day@s rior notice shall be gi'en to all the interested arties. The Transmission and ly (icensee shall maintain a record of all such tests and ro'ide co ies of the same to the interested arties.
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10.)
The readings of the Geters shall be ta,en Dointly by the re resentati'es of the Purchaser and Su agreed u on. lier concerned on a s ecified date and time mutually
..8- A55#ss Both the Su lier and the Purchaser shall ro'ide access to each other, their em loyees, agents and contractors and ersons duly authori?ed by them, full right to enter and remain u on any art of such arty@s ro erty to the e9tent necessary for the ur ose of this "ode. This right to access includes the right to bring in 'ehicles, test ,its and re8uired lant and machinery, loading ,its, sub.standard Geters etc.
.'8- M#t#r @a!l<r#s If at any time both Gain and "hec, Geter ceases to function for any reason, or the PT fuse on the circuit su lying the Geter has failed, the Geter readings from the time of such occurrence to the time of rectification shall be com uted as er the agreed rocedures in the Power Purchase *greement. .28- D!s?<t#s *ny dis ute relating to the Getering, which can affect any mechanism ro'ided under Power Purchase *greement. CCC ayment to be made shall be dealt with in accordance with the rele'ant dis ute resolution
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>OM CODE 0 , METERING AND >ROTECTION STANDARDS .8- S5o?# This standard ro'ide guidelines for the following1 Ginimum re8uirement of metering for commercial and o erational ur oses to be ro'ided by the User at Interconnection Points including #enerating Stations, Switching Stations, Substations and also "ross Boundary "ircuits. Ginimum re8uirement of rotection to be ro'ided to safeguard the system from faults which may occur. '8- O"I#5t!7# The obDecti'e of these standards is to define the following re8uirements for a safe and economical o eration of the system consistent with the (icence re8uirements1 1. The acce table minimum metering e8ui ment re8uired. ). The acce table minimum rotection re8uirements to be ro'ided for the 'arious com onents of Transmission and 2istribution Systems for minimi?ing disru tion due to faults. I. GETE&I$# &ERUI&EGE$TS1 5.0 #enerating Station 7 erational Getering1 5.1 The #enerating "om anies shall install o erational metering to the (icensees@ s ecifications so as to ro'ide o erational information for both real time and recording ur oses to S(2" in relation to each generating unit at each Power Station in res ect of the following1
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Bus 'oltage >re8uency GE G<*r
*ny other data agreed to between the (icensee and the #enerating "om any 5.) *ll the Instrument Transformers used in conDunction with the o erational metering shall be of accuracy class 0.: and shall be of suitable rating to meet the burden of lead wires and meters and shall conform to the rele'ant IE" or IS s ecifications. 5.5 *ll the meters shall be calibrated to achie'e the o'erall accuracy of 7 erational Getering in accordance with the limits agreed to between the Transmission (icenseeA2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee and the #enerating "om any. &ecords of calibration shall be maintained for reference and shall be made a'ailable to the (icensee, u on re8uest. Voint site testing shall be carried out at least once in si9 months. 38- Tra(s !ss!o( S;st# 6.1 O?#rat!o(al M#t#r!(*
The Transmission (icensee shall install 7 erational Getering for both real time and recording ur oses at each substation as follows1 1. >or Station Busbars1 Bus <oltage. >re8uency. ). >or 7utgoingAIncoming (ines, Power Transformers and "om ensating 2e'ices1 GE. G<*r. Power >actor. "urrent Transformers, *u9iliary
,8- S<?#r7!sor; Co(trol A() Data A5G<!s!t!o( ASCADAB :.1 The Transmission (icensee shall install and ma,e o erati'e an 7 erational Getering 2ata "ollection System under S"*2* for storage, dis lay and rocessing of 7 erational Getering 2ata. *ll Users shall ma,e a'ailable
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out uts of their res ecti'e 7 erational Geters to the S"*2* interface e8ui ment. :.) The data collection, storage and dis lay centre shall be the State (oad 2es atch "entre (S(2"!. 68- Tar!@@ M#t#r!(* ;.1 The #enerating "om anies, the Transmission (icensees and the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall install the following meters for all the transmission and sub.transmission lines connecting the #enerating Stations, Switching Stations and Substations for the measurement of energy im ortAe9 ort from each line, energy generated in generating units and energy consumed in ower stations and substations1 ;.) *cti'e Energy Im ort. *cti'e Energy E9 ort. &eacti'e Energy Im ort. &eacti'e Energy E9 ort.
The *u9iliary transformers in generating stations shall be ro'ided with the following meters1 GE "urrent <oltage *cti'e Energy oint associated with determination of energy e9 orted or ly (icensees shall be ro'ided with both main and
;.5
Each metering
im orted, between the #enerating "om anies, Transmission (icensees and 2istribution 3 &etail Su *ccuracy class 0.). ;.6 *ll the Instrument Transformers used in conDunction with commercial (tariff! metering shall also be of accuracy class 0.) and shall conform to the rele'ant IE" or IS s ecifications. The rating shall ta,e into account the burdens im osed by lead wires and metering. chec, meters. The minimum standard of accuracy for these meters shall be
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;.: ;.;
2ata shall be collected from both the main and chec, metering schemes. <oltage failure relays shall be ro'ided to initiate alarm on loss of one or more hases of the 'oltage su ly to the meter.
;.-
*ll the meters shall be tested and calibrated at least once in one year using substandard meters for this ur ose. The standard meters shall be calibrated and sealed at #o't. *uthori?ed Geter Testing %ouseA(aboratory once in e'ery year. &ecord of testing and calibration of substandard meters shall be maintained by the Transmission (icensee according to the guidelines ro'ided in the rele'ant IE"AIS s ecifications.
;.= ;./
&ecords of these calibrations and tests shall be maintained for reference. In case of Inter State Transmission (ines, meters suitable for *'ailability Based Tariff shall be ro'ided ha'ing the following arameters Ga9imum 2emand at e'ery 1: minute inter'al Im ort Ga9imum 2emand at e'ery 1: minute inter'al E9 ort *cti'e Energy Im ort *cti'e Energy E9 ort &eacti'e Energy Im ort &eacti'e Energy E9 ort >re8uency at 1: minute inter'al
;.10
The #enerating "om anies, Transmission (icensees and 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall formulate a rocedure co'ering summation, collection and rocessing of tariff meter readings at
;.11
'arious interconnection sites in their areas. Ehene'er necessary, these rocedures can be re'ised.
;.1)
The ownershi , res onsibility of maintenance and testing of these meters shall be as mutually agreed to between the Users and the (icensees.
;.15
* com rehensi'e GETE&I$# "72E co'ering the foregoing ro'isions shall be de'elo ed by the Transmission (icensee and shall form a art of the #rid "ode.
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II8 -.1
P&7TE"TI7$ &ERUI&EGE$TS $o item of electrical e8ui ment shall be allowed to remain connected to the system unless it is co'ered by the a ro riate rotection aimed at reliability, selecti'ity, s eed and sensiti'ity. The guidelines mentioned in the H1anual on protection of Generators2 Generator Transformers2 and 220 34 and 400 34 net+or5sH 'ide ublication no )-6 of ".B.I.P shall be ,e t in 'iew. *ll the ly (icensees shall ro riate #enerating "om anies and the 2istribution 3 &etail Su settings of Standard.
78- G#(#ral >r!(5!?l#s
coo erate with the Transmission (icensee to ensure correct and a
rotection to achie'e effecti'e, discriminatory isolation of faulty
lineAe8ui ment within the target clearance times s ecified elsewhere in this
-.)
Protection settings shall not be altered, or
rotection by assed andAor
disconnected without consultation and agreement of all affected Users. In case the rotection has been by assed andAor disconnected by agreement due to any cause, the same should be rectified and the electrical e8ui ments shall be isolated forthwith. 18- >rot#5t!o( Coor)!(at!o( =.1 The settings of rotecti'e relays starting from the #enerating Unit u to the remote end of ;;+< A 55 +< and 11 +< lines shall be such that only the faulty section is isolated under all circumstances. The Transmission (icensee shall notify the initial settings and any subse8uent changes to the Users from time to time. &outine chec,s on the erformance of the rotecti'e relays shall be conducted and any malfunction shall be noted and corrected as soon as ossible. The Transmission (icensee shall conduct Short "ircuit studies re8uired for deciding the relay settings, with the data collected from the Users. &e resentati'es of the #enerating "om anies, Transmission (icensees and 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall meet eriodically to discuss such rotection restored to normal condition as 8uic,ly as ossible. If agreement has not been reached,
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malfunctions, changes in the system configuration, if any, and re'ised settings of relays. =.) The Transmission (icensee shall be res onsible for arranging Su ly (icensees to discuss coordination of shall in'estigate any
ossible
eriodical
meetings between the #enerating "om anies and the 2istribution 3 &etail rotection. The Transmission of rotection or other (icensee malfunction
unsatisfactory rotection issues. The concerned (icensees shall ta,e rom t action to correct any rotection malfunction or issue as discussed and agreed to in these eriodical meetings. %8- Fa<lt Cl#ara(5# T! # /.1 >rom stability considerations, the ma9imum >ault "learance Time for faults on any User@s system directly connected to the Transmission System, or any faults on the Transmission System itself, shall be as follows1 <oltage "lass Target clearance time (a! (b! (c! (d! /.) /.5 600 +< ))0 +< 110 +< ;; +< 100 m sec. 1)0 m sec. 1;0 m sec. 500 m sec.
(esser fault clearance time than the abo'e are referable. (ower >ault "learance Times for faults on a User@s system may be agreed to, but only if, in the o inion of the Transmission (icensee, system conditions allow the same. *t the #enerating Stations, (ine >aults should be cleared at the #enerating Station end, within the critical time, to ,ee the #enerators in Synchronism.
.-810.1
G#(#rator r#G<!r# #(ts *ll #enerating Units and all associated electrical e8ui ment of the #enerating "om any connected to the Transmission System shall be rotected by ade8uate rotection, as er ".B.I.P.manual 'ide ublication )-6, so that the
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Transmission System does not suffer due to any disturbances originating at the #enerating Unit. ..811.1 Tra(s !ss!o( l!(# r#G<!r# #(ts E'ery E%T line ta,ing off from a Power Station or a Substation or a switching station shall necessarily ha'e distance rotection along with other rotections as follows1 (a! 600 +< lines1 . These lines shall ha'e two main distance rotections 'i?., Gain I and Gain II with ermissi'e inter tri for remote earth fault. Three ?one staticAnumerical non.switched distance rotection with ermissi'e inter tri for accelerated tri ing at remote end in case of ?one ) fault as Gain I rotection shall be ro'ided. Gain II rotection shall be similar fast rotection using direction com arison or hase com arison carrier relay scheme. In addition to the abo'e, single ole tri ing and single shot single ole auto reclosing after an adDustable dead time shall be ro'ided. In addition to the abo'e bac,u rotection with 7"& and E>& shall be ro'ided. (b! ))0 +< lines1 . Three ?one staticAnumerical non.switched distance rotection, with ermissible Intertri for end ?one fault as main rotection in case of ?one ) fault shall be ro'ided. The bac,u shall be three. hase directional o'er current relay and earth fault relay rotection. 7ne ole tri ing and Single Shot Single Pole *uto.reclosing with adDustable dead time shall be ro'ided for the stability of the ower system. %owe'er, for short ))0 +< lines directional com arison or hase com arison carrier rotection as Gain II can be ro'ided. In addition to the abo'e bac,u rotection with directional 7"& and directional E>& shall be ro'ided. (c! 110 +<A;; +< lines1 . Three ?one staticAnumerical switched rotection with ermissible inter tri for accelerated tri ing at remote end in case of ?one ) rotection shall be ro'ided as main rotection. The bac,u will be directional three. hase o'er current and earth fault rotection. (d!Busbar Protection1 . *de8uate busbar rotection for the Station Busbar sections in all 600 +< and ))0 +< class substations shall be ro'ided. (e!(ocal Brea,er Bac,u Protection ((BB!1 . In the e'ent of any circuit brea,er failing to tri on recei t of tri command from rotecti'e relays, all circuit brea,ers connected to the Bus Section to which the faulty circuit brea,er is connected are re8uired to be tri ed with minimum ossible delay through (BB rotection. This rotection also ro'ides co'erage for faults between the circuit brea,er and the current Transformer, which are not co'ered by other rotections. *ll ))0 +< and 600 +< circuits shall ha'e (ocal Brea,er Bac,u Protection.
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(f!
600 +< class Power Transformers1 . These shall be ro'ided with differential rotection, restricted earth fault rotection, Bucholt? rotection, and winding tem erature rotection along with bac,u directional %< 3 (< I2GT o'er current rotection.
(g!))0 +<, 110 +< and ;; +< class Power Transformers 1 .These shall ha'e differential rotection, restricted earth fault rotection, Bucholt? rotection, and windingAoil tem erature rotection. They shall also ha'e directional o'er current as bac,u rotection with an instantaneous element. In addition to the abo'e, 7'er >lu9ing &elays, Pressure &elief 'al'esAdia hragms shall be ro'ided for all the ower transformers. * ro riate fire rotection for all the ower transformers as er "BIP s ecifications and tariff ad'isory committee recommendations shall be ro'ided. (h!2istribution System1 .>or smaller Transformers of %< class on 2istribution System, differential rotection shall be ro'ided for = G<* ca acity and abo'e along with bac,u time lag o'er current and earth fault rotection with directional feature for arallel o eration. Transformers of 1.; G<* ca acity and abo'e but less than = G<* shall be rotected by time lag o'er current, earth fault and instantaneous restricted earth fault relays. In addition, all Transformers of 1.; G<* and abo'e shall be ro'ided with gas o erated relays, winding and oil tem erature rotection. (i! 2istribution (ines1 . *ll the 55 +< and 11 +< lines at connection oints shall be ro'ided with a minimum of o'er current and earth fault relays as follows1 i. Plain &adial >eeders1 2irectional o'er current and earth fault relays with suitable settings to obtain discrimination between adDacent relay settings. ii. ParallelA&ing >eeders1 2irectional time lag o'er current and earth fault relay. iii. (ong >eedersATransformer >eeders1 These feeders shall incor orate a high set instantaneous element. CCC
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Kar(ataka El#5tr!5!t; R#*<lator; Co
!ss!o(
SAFETY STANDARD FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINES AND SUBSTATIONS
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SAFETY STANDARD FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF TRANSMISSION LINES AND SUBSTATIONS S5o?# This Standard aims at ensuring safety for the construction and maintenance ersonnel of the (icensee from the ha?ards of electric shoc,, which may be caused in the Transmission System. The Transmission (icensee shall re are his own Safety Ganuals based on this Standard for his internal use. The
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Safety Ganual shall be re ared in such a way that all the re8uired as ects and safety rocedures to be followed are co'ered in a com lete manner without in'iting reference to any other "odes or Standards. The details of wor,ing ?ones and the necessary isolations re8uired for wor,ing on each e8ui mentAline shall be clearly furnished in these Safety Ganuals. * few ty ical illustrations are shown in the *nne9e for guidance. The Safety Ganual shall also lay down fool roof "ode for issue of necessary maintenance see,ing such rocedure in line with Section 11 of the #rid ermits and clearances (hereinafter called as ermits. The designated em loyees for each
H(ine "lear PermitH or ("P! to the Engineer.in.charge of construction andAor Transmission (ine and Substation authori?ed to issue and recei'e such ermits shall be notified from time to time.
R#?ort!(* o@ A55!)#(ts E'ery case where a erson recei'es an electric shoc,, whether mild or serious or suffers an inDury or burn, directly or indirectly due to electrical causes shall be treated as an !electrical accident%. The concerned Durisdictional engineer of the Transmission (icensee shall re ort the same immediately to the 2e uty Electrical Ins ector in charge of the area within )6 hours. * co y shall also be sent to the "hief Electrical Ins ector to the #o'ernment of +arnata,a. The 2e uty Electrical Ins ector shall reach the s ot immediately and assess the situation and robable cause of the accident, losses if any to consumers, and the e8ui ment of the Transmission (icensee. This shall be followed by a detailed re ort within 6= hours whene'er an accident occurs resulting in or li,ely to ha'e resulted in loss of life of a human being. *n en8uiry shall be conducted into e'ery electrical accident. It shall be com leted with the least ossible delay, in any case not e9ceeding fifteen days, to guard against the ossibility of destruction or disa earance of material e'idence being resented, to esca e res onsibility. It shall be a searching robe to unco'er the root causes of the accident, which some times are 8uite difficult to ascertain. The en8uiry shall not
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only fi9 res onsibility for the accident, but it is more im ortant, to s ell out ste s to be ta,en to re'ent recurrence of such accidents in future. This Standard consists of three Sections as follows1 Section 11 #eneral conditions and #rounding for rotection of em loyees. Section )1 Safety of em loyees in construction and maintenance wor,s in Transmission (ines. Section 51 Safety to wor,men in energi?ed sub.stations.
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SECTION . GENERAL >RECAUTIONS AND GROUNDING FOR TCE >ROTECTION OF EM>LOYEES DURING MAINTENANCE 9ORKS UNDER LINE CLEARANCE >ERMIT
1.1 *ll the conductors and e8ui ment in the 'icinity of a wor,ing ?one that do not fall in the safe wor,ing ?one ermitted by the (ine "learance Permit, shall be treated as energi?ed. The wor,men shall not be ermitted to commence wor, until the engineer in charge of the wor, ascertains that the e8ui ments and conductors are tested or otherwise determined to be de.energi?ed and grounded. The engineer in charge shall ascertain the following conditions before ermitting the wor,men to commence wor,1 a! The (ines or e8ui ment are grounded, b! *ny ha?ards of induced 'oltages are not resent, c! *de8uate clearances or other means are im lemented to re'ent contact with energi?ed (ines or e8ui ment, and with the new (ines or e8ui ment. 1.) Bare wires of communication conductors if any, on ower (ines or structures,
which are not rotected by insulating materials shall be treated as energi?ed. 1.5 Before grounding the de.energi?ed conductors and e8ui ment, the same shall be tested for 'oltage. 1.6 The following rocedure shall be ado ted for de.energi?ing (ines and e8ui ment in cases where the means of disconnection from electricity su 'isibly o en1 a! The Particular section of (ine or e8ui ment to be de.energi?ed shall be clearly identified, and isolated from all sources of 'oltage. b! >or each Transmission (ine, the designated authority authori?ed to issue a wor, ermit shall ta,e the following recautions1 (1! The circuit brea,ers and switches through which there is a ossibility of su ly of electrical energy to the articular section of the (ine or e8ui ment to be wor,ed u on shall be ,e t o en.
ly is not
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()! "aution Boards indicating HGen at Eor,H shall be abo'e circuit brea,ers and switches.
fi9ed to all the
(5! Ehere'er the design of such circuit brea,ers and switches ermit automatic o eration, or o eration from a remote lace, the same shall be rendered ino erable. c! *fter all the re8uired circuit brea,ers and switches ha'e been o ened, and rendered ino erable, 'isual ins ection or tests shall be conducted to ensure that the e8ui ment or (ines ha'e been de.energi?ed. d! Protecti'e grounds shall be ro'ided to the disconnected (ines or e8ui ment to be wor,ed on. If there is any grounding switch, the same shall be closed. e! #uards or barriers shall be erected where'er found necessary to the adDacent energi?ed (ines. f!Ehen more than one inde endent crew re8uire the (ine "lear or Eor, Permit for the same (ine or e8ui ment, the designated em loyee in charge shall lace a rominent IE7&+ I$ P&7#&ESSJ board on the (ine or e8ui ment for each such inde endent crew. 1.: 7n com letion of wor, on de.energi?ed (ines or e8ui ment, each crew in charge shall determine the following1 (i! (ii! *ll the em loyees in his crew are clear off the wor, site and accounted for, The rotecti'e grounds installed by his crew ha'e been remo'ed, 7nly after ascertaining the abo'e, the crew in charge shall re ort to the holder of ("P that all tags demarcating the wor, area may be remo'ed. 1.; Ehen attaching grounds, the ground end shall be attached first, and then the other end shall be attached to the e8ui ment or (ine by means of insulated tools or other suitable de'ices. 1.- Similarly while remo'ing the grounds after com letion of wor,, the attachment at the conductor or (ine end shall be remo'ed by means of insulated tools or other de'ices before the ground is remo'ed. 1.= #round electrodes shall be laced as close as racticable to the wor, location, referably at the wor, location itself. If wor, is to be erformed at more than
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one location in the (ine section, the (ine section must be grounded and short. circuited at one location in the (ine section and the conductor to be wor,ed on shall be grounded at each wor, location. 1./ The following minimum clearances (Section "learance and #round "learance! from the ungrounded conductors and e8ui ment shall be maintained for the wor,ing ersonnel who may be re8uired to stand for carrying out the wor,, at the wor, location1
S*>ETS "(E*&*$"ES T7 E$*B(E 7PE&*TI7$, I$SPE"TI7$, "(E*$I$#, &EP*I&S, P*I$TI$# *$2 $7&G*( G*I$TE$*$"E E7&+ T7 BE "*&&IE2 7UT &ated 'oltage Ginimum clearance from any oint on or about the e8ui ment where a man may be re8uired to stand (measured from the osition of the feet! To the nearest To the nearest oint not unscreened li'e at earth otential of an conductor in air insulator su orting a li'e SE"TI7$ conductor "(E*&*$"E (S"! #&7U$2 "(E*&*$"E Gtr (#"! Gtr ).:/ 5.00 5.:0 6.00 ).66 :.00 ;.:0
+<
U to 11 55 ;; 110 ))0 600
* ty ical s,etch illustrating the safe wor,ing ?ones for which the abo'e clearances are a 1.10 licable is shown in >igures 1 and ) of the *nne9e.
In some cases establishing a ground connection to any e8ui ment may become im racticable or the conditions resulting therefrom would be more ha?ardous. In such cases wor,ing on (ines or e8ui ment without grounding such e8ui ment may be ermitted and the ungrounded (ine or e8ui ment ur oses e'en though they may ly. shall be treated as energi?ed for wor,ing
ha'e been disconnected from the source of electric su

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1.11
#rounds may be tem orarily remo'ed only when necessary for test ur oses and e9treme caution shall be e9ercised during the test rocedures.
1.1)
The ground electrodes shall ha'e a resistance to ground as low as ossible so that they may not cause any danger or harm to the wor,ing ersonnel due to induced 'oltages. In case of any accidental contact with the li'e conductors, either the 'oltage rise shall be too small to cause any shoc, ha?ards or the same shall result in the isolation of the circuit causing the 'oltage rise by fast acting relays.
1.15
The minimum si?e of ground lead shall be -0 s8.mm. P<" insulated aluminum or ) SE# co er. The earth electrodes for tem orary earths shall be of mild steel rods of at least )0.mm diameter and 1:)6 mm length. These shall ha'e clean metal surfaces, free from rust or any coating of aint or other oor conducting material and be dri'en to a de th of at least one meter in a s ot considered to gi'e good earth. The earth leads shall be connected to the ground rod using an a ro riate crim ed terminal for the lead and through suitable bolts and nuts to the ground rod.
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SECTION ' SAFETY OF EM>LOYEES IN CONSTRUCTION AND MAITENANCE 9ORKS IN TRANSMISSION LINES ).1 The e9ca'ation for ad or ile ty e foundations in e9cess of 1.:.mtr. de th located on unstable earth, shall be either slo ed to the angle of re ose or shored if entry is re8uired. (adders shall be ro'ided for access to ad or ile ty e.footing e9ca'ations in e9cess of 1.) mtr. ).) Ehere'er the foundation is being constructed on unstable earth, the wor,men shall not be ermitted to enter the e9ca'ated it unless shoring is used to rotect them. ).5 7nly res onsible and s,illed em loyees shall be de loyed for directing mobile e8ui ment adDacent to footing e9ca'ations. ).6 $o wor,men shall be ermitted to remain in the e9ca'ated it where
concreting is done using machinery. ).: The mobile e8ui ment shall be located only on le'eled earth to assure stability. ).; Sufficient care shall be ta,en during tower erection to see that more than the minimum number of wor,men is not de loyed. This will minimi?e e9 osure of falling obDects on wor,men, when wor,ing at two or more le'els. Pro er rotection such as use of helmets, safety belts etc., shall be insisted u on. ).- Tie ro es shall be used where'er necessary for maintaining steel sections or other arts in osition to reduce the ossibility of tilting etc.
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).= *de8uate su
orts shall be ro'ided for the tower members and sections
of anels during assembly. )./ The construction of Transmission towers, erection of oles, the tools and machinery em loyed for the wor, shall meet the re8uirements of the rele'ant Indian Standard S ecifications and "ode of Practices along with the "BIP manual on Transmission (ines. The wire ro es, ulley bloc,s etc., shall be of tested 8uality and ins ected by a res onsible em loyee for its fitness before commencing the wor,. ).10 7ther than the su er'isory staff and such of the wor,men re8uired to guide and assist the section being erected, no one else shall be ermitted to come under a tower being erected. ).11 2uring erection of towers using hoisting e8ui ment adDacent to e9isting Transmission (ines, the (ines shall be de.energi?ed where'er ossible. Ehen this is not racticable, e9traordinary recautions shall be e9ercised to maintain the minimum clearances re8uired including those mentioned in clause 1./. ).1) Ehere'er cranes are used for erection, the same shall be set on firm foundations. The outriggers of the cranes shall be used where'er a'ailable. The wheels shall be loc,ed in osition to re'ent dislocation during handling. ).15 Suitable tie ro es shall be used to maintain control of tower sections being raised and ositioned where'er ossible and ro er care shall be ta,en to see that they do not create a greater ha?ard. The wire ro e used for carrying the section shall not be detached before the section is ade8uately secured.
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).16
The erection or maintenance wor, shall not be carried out during high wind, thunderstorms or hea'y rainfall, which would ma,e the wor, ha?ardous, e9ce t during emergency restoration rocedures.
).1:
The engineer in charge shall regularly maintain all the e8ui ment and tools and lant in safe o erating conditions.
).1;
*de8uate traffic control shall be maintained where'er erection wor, is being carried out at highway crossings. The ermissions re8uired from the concerned authorities, such as the de artment of highway, olice etc., shall be obtained rior to commencement of wor,. Similarly, for erection wor, at railway crossings, the ermission of the railway authorities shall be obtained before commencing the wor,.
).1-
The engineer in charge shall ensure the re8uired clearances to be maintained in mo'ing e8ui ment under or near the energi?ed (ines.
).1=
Before commencing the stringing o erations or remo'al of conductors, a briefing shall be held by the su er'isor with the wor,men setting forth the following1 a. b. c. d. e. Plan of o eration, The ty e of e8ui ment and tools and lant to be used, #rounding de'ices and rocedures to be followed, "rosso'er methods to be em loyed, and The clearance authori?ation re8uired.
).1/
Ehere'er there is a ossibility of the conductor being handled coming in contact with an energi?ed conductor, or there is a dangerous 'oltage buildu ossibility of a due to induction, the conductor being
handled shall be grounded, unless a ro'ision is made to insulate or isolate the em loyee. If the e9isting (ine is de.energi?ed, a (ine "lear
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Permit shall be obtained and the (ine grounded on both sides of the cross o'er. In case the (ine "learance Permit cannot be obtained the (ine shall be considered as energi?ed for all ractical ur oses. ).)0 Ehile e9ecuting the wor, of crossing o'er an e9isting (ine, suitable guard structures with ro e nets shall be installed to isolate the conductors and wor,men coming within the re8uired minimum clearances s ecified for the 'oltage. If there is any auto reclosure installed on the energi?ed (ine, the same shall be made ino erati'e. In addition the (ine being handled shall be grounded on either side of the cross o'er. ).)1 The conductors being strung or remo'ed shall be ,e t under control by using ade8uate reels, guard structures, tie (ines, or any other a ).)) ro riate means to re'ent accidental contact with energi?ed wires.
The guard structure shall ha'e sufficient strength and ha'e ade8uate dimensions and su orted ade8uately.
).)5
The wire ro es, come.along clam s, anchors, guys, hoists shall ha'e am le ca acity to re'ent failure and accidents. The load rating s ecified by the manufacturers for stringing e8ui ment, ulley bloc,s and all other load bearing hardware and tools shall not be e9ceeded during o erations. These shall be ins ected regularly and re laced and re aired when damaged or when de endability is doubtful.
).)6
"ome.along clam s designed for the s ecific conductor range only shall be used. 2uring stringing or remo'al of conductors, no wor,men shall be ermitted to come directly under o'erhead o erations, or on the cross arms. The dead end oints of the conductors at section towers shall be ade8uately anchored before commencing o erations.
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The grounds ro'ided to the conductor shall be maintained intact until the conductors are hoo,ed on to the insulators. ).): The reel handling e8ui ment, including ulling and bra,ing machines shall ha'e am le ca acity, o erate smoothly, and le'eled and aligned in accordance with the manufacturer@s o erating instructions. &eliable communication between the o erator of these machinery and the stringing o erators shall be ro'ided. ).); Each conductor shall be dead.ended at both ends before commencing stringing of the conductor in the ne9t section. ).)The se8uence of stringing of conductors and ground wires shall strictly follow the design conditions of erection loads considered for the structure. The method of erection followed shall not im ose loads in e9cess of design loads on the structure. ).)= Before commencing the stringing or releasing o erations of any conductor adDacent to an energi?ed (ine, the following recautions, in addition to all the abo'e, shall be ta,en1 a. 7nly s,illed and trained labourers com etent to wor, on Transmission (ine "onstruction shall be de loyed for the wor,. The wor,men should be in good health and able bodied. b. The ossibility of dangerous 'oltages due to induction, articularly during switching and fault conditions, shall be in'estigated. c. The tension stringing method or such other methods, which reclude unintentional contact between the (ines being ulled and the em loyee, shall only be used. d. *ll the ulling and tensioning e8ui ment shall be isolated, insulated, or effecti'ely grounded.
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e. * ground rod shall be installed between the tensioning reel setu , and the first structure in order to ground each bare conductor, sub. conductor, or o'erhead ground wire during stringing o erations. f. 2uring stringing or unstringing o erations, each conductor or ground wire shall be grounded at the first tower adDacent to both the tensioning and ulling setu and in increments so that no oint is more than 5 +ms. a art. g. The grounds shall be left in com leted. lace till the conductor installation is hase of cleanu
h. These grounds shall be remo'ed at the last o erations.
i. The grounds shall be laced or remo'ed only with a %ot Stic,. D. "onductors and ground wires shall be grounded at all dead.end oints. ,. * ground shall be located at each side and within 10 feet of wor,ing areas where conductors, or ground wire are being Dointed at ground le'el. The two ends to be Dointed shall be bonded to each other. The Dointing shall be carried out on either an insulated latform or on a conducti'e metallic grounding mat bonded to grounds. Ehen grounding mat is used, the same shall be barricaded and an insulated wal,way ro'ided for access to the mat. l. *ll the conductors and ground wire shall be bonded to the end tower where the wor, is to be com leted. *t the dead end tower, the de.energi?ed (ine shall be grounded. m. The grounds can be remo'ed on com letion of the wor, ma,ing sure that the (ine is not left o en circuited at any tower at which the wor, is carried out. ).)/ The following recautions shall be ta,en for %ot.(ine bare hand wor, in addition to all other a Standards1 a. 7nly 8ualified and trained em loyees, trained for %ot.(ine bare. hand techni8ue and the ertinent safety re8uirements thereto, shall be ermitted for the wor,.
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licable
recautions s ecified in these
b. The following chec,s shall be made before commencing %ot.(ine bare.hand wor, on energi?ed high.'oltage conductors or e8ui ment1 i. The 'oltage rating of the circuit on which the wor, is to be carried out, ii. The clearances to ground of the (ines and other energi?ed arts on which wor, is to be carried out, iii. The 'oltage limitations of the aerial.lift e8ui ment intended to be used. c. The %ot (ine e8ui ment to be used shall be of ro er design and tested. d. 7nly a erson trained and 8ualified to carry out %ot.(ine bare.hand wor, shall su er'ise the wor,. e. If any automatic reclosing feature is a'ailable on the circuit brea,ers or switches, the same shall be made ino erati'e before commencing the wor, on any energi?ed (ine or e8ui ment. f. The wor, shall not be carried out during thunderstorms. g. * conducting Buc,et (iner or any other suitable conducting de'ice shall be ro'ided for bonding the insulated aerial de'ice to the energi?ed (ine or e8ui ment. h. The em loyee shall be connected to the Buc,et (iner through conducting shoes, leg cli s or by any other suitable means. i. *de8uate electrostatic shielding for the rated 'oltage of the (ine or e8ui ment on which wor, is being carried out shall be ro'ided to the wor,men where'er necessary or conducting clothing shall be ro'ided. D. 7nly tools and lant intended for hot.(ine bare.hand wor, shall be used, and these shall be ,e t clean and dry. ,. The outriggers on the aerial truc, shall be e9tended and adDusted to stabili?e the body of the truc, before the boom is ele'ated. The body of the truc, shall be bonded to an effecti'e ground, or barricaded and considered as energi?ed e8ui ment for all ur oses.
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l. *ll the controls at ground le'el and Buc,et a'ailable in the truc, shall be chec,ed and tested to determine their ro er wor,ing condition before mo'ing. m. E'ery day, and each time, before commencing the wor, Harm current testsH shall be carried out. *erial Buc,ets used for hot.(ine bare.hand wor, shall also be subDected to these tests. This test shall be carried out by lacing the Buc,et in contact with an energi?ed source e8ual to the 'oltage to be wor,ed u on for a minimum eriod of three (5! minutes and the lea,age current shall not e9ceed one (1! microam ere er ,ilo.'olt of nominal (ine.to. (ine 'oltage. The wor, shall be sus ended immediately if any indication of a malfunction in the e8ui ment is noticed. n. *ll the aerial lifts shall ha'e dual controls (lower and u follows1 er! as
i. The u er control shall be within easy reach of the em loyee in the bas,et. If a two.bas,et ty e lift is used, access to the controls shall be within easy reach from either bas,et. ii. The lower set of controls shall be located near the base of the boom that will ermit o'er.ride o eration of the e8ui ment at any time. o. #round le'el lift control shall not be o erated without the ermission of the em loyee in the lift, e9ce t in case of emergency. . The conducting Buc,et (iner shall be bonded to the energi?ed conductor by means of a reliable connection before the em loyee contacts the energi?ed art. This shall remain attached to the energi?ed conductor until the wor, is com leted. 8. The following minimum clearance shall be maintained from all grounded obDects and from (ines and e8ui ment at a different 'oltage than, to which the insulated aerial de'ice is bonded, unless such grounded insulated guards co'er obDects or other (ines and e8ui ment. These distances shall be maintained when a roaching, lea'ing, and when bonded to the energi?ed circuit. MINIMUM CLEARANCES FOR COT0LINE BARE0CAND 9ORK
<oltage range (Phase.to. hase!
2istance in meters for ma9imum 'oltage Phase to ground Phase to hase

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11 +< 55 +< ;; +< 110 +< ))0 +< 600 +<
0.;1 0.-) 0./) 1.0) 1.:5 5.5:
0.;1 0.-) 0./) 1.5= ).:6 ;.10
r. The abo'e minimum distances shall be maintained between all arts of the insulated boom assembly and any grounded arts including the lower arm or ortions of the truc,, while a roaching, lea'ing or bonding to an energi?ed circuit. s. The abo'e table shall be rinted on a late of durable non. conducting material, mounted in the Buc,ets or its 'icinity in such a osition that the same is clearly 'isible to the o erator of the boom. Insulated measuring stic,s only shall be used to 'erify the clearances. t. 2uring ositioning the Buc,et alongside an energi?ed bushing or an insulator string, the minimum (ine.to.ground clearances indicated in the abo'e table must be maintained. u. The use of %andlines between Buc,ets, booms, and ground is rohibited. '. $o conducting material longer than 0./ meter, other than the Dum ers of a ro riate length, armor rods, and tools shall be laced in the Buc,et. w. $on.conducti'e ty e %andlines may be used from (ine to ground only when the same is not su orted from the Buc,et. 9. The Buc,et and the u er insulated boom shall not be o'er stressed by attem ting to lift or su ort weights in e9cess of the manufacturer@s rating. ).50 $otwithstanding followed. all the abo'e, the recommendations of the
manufacturer of the %ot.(ine e8ui ment being used shall be strictly
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SECTION 2 S AFETY TO 9ORKMEN IN ENERGIKED SUBSTATIO NS
5.1 >or carrying out the construction or maintenance wor, in an energi?ed Substation, a ro riate authori?ation and the (ine "learance Permits shall be obtained from the designated, authori?ed erson before wor, is started. 5.) Before commencing the wor,, the satisfactory erformance and ersonnel shall be ensured. 5.5 E9traordinary caution shall be e9ercised in handling busbars, structures, and e8ui ment in the 'icinity of the energi?ed facilities. 5.6 $o em loyee shall be ermitted to a roach or ta,e any conducti'e obDect rotecti'e e8ui ment shall be chec,ed for recautions necessary for the safety of the
without a suitable insulating handle closer to e9 osed energi?ed arts than shown in the table below1 $ominal <oltage &ange (+<! 11 55 ;; 110 ))0 600
Ginimum
Eor,ing distance 0.;0 mtr 0.-: mtr 0./1 mtr 1.0) mtr 1.:5 mtr 5.5: mtr
5.: The minimum wor,ing distance stated in the abo'e table shall not be normally 'iolated. These clearances can be curtailed only under the following conditions1 a. The em loyee is insulated or guarded from the energi?ed art1 7r b. The energi?ed art insulated or guarded from him and other conducti'e obDect is at a different otential, 7r
1
Glo7#s or *lo7#s :!th sl##7#s @or th# rat#) 7olta*# !(7ol7#) shall "# 5o(s!)#r#) !(s<lat!o( to th# # ?lo;## @ro th# #(#r*!L#) ?art8
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c. The em loyee is isolated, insulated, or guarded from any other conducti'e obDect(s!, as during %ot.(ine bare handwor,. 5.; Ehen it is necessary to de.energi?e the e8ui ment or (ines for rotection of em loyees, the re8uirements of "lause.6 shall be com lied with. 5.- Barricades or barriers shall be installed to energi?ed (ines or e8ui ment. Ehere a re'ent accidental contact with
ro riate, signs indicating the ha?ard
shall be dis layed near the barricade or barrier. 5.= 7nly designated em loyees shall be ermitted to wor, on e8ui ment under ("P or adDacent control anels and recaution shall be ta,en to a'oid accidental o eration of relays or other rotecti'e de'ices due to Damming, 'ibration, or im ro er wiring. 5./ 2esignated em loyees shall at all times control the use of 'ehicles, gin oles, cranes, and other e8ui ment in restricted and ha?ardous areas. 5.10 *ll mobile cranes and derric,s shall be effecti'ely grounded when being mo'ed or o erated in close ro9imity with energi?ed (ines or e8ui ment. If this is not ossible, the e8ui ment shall be considered energi?ed. 5.11 Ehen a Substation fence must be e9 anded or remo'ed for construction ur oses, a tem orary fence affording similar rotection when the site is unattended, shall be ro'ided. *de8uate interconnection with ground shall be maintained between tem orary and ermanent fences. 5.1) *ll gates in all the unattended Substations shall be loc,ed when the wor, is in rogress.
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- 240 -
Kar(ataka El#5tr!5!t; R#*<lator; Co
!ss!o(
DISTRIBUTION CODE
241
DISTRIBUTION CODE
SECTION0. INTRODUCTION .8. G#(#ral
1.1.1
The &etail Su
ly (icense issued by +E&" for any "om any re8uires lanning, construction, ro'ed by the 242
the (icensee to formulate a H2istribution "odeH for
o eration and maintenance of the 2istribution System to be duly a

+arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission (+E&"!. The 2istribution "ode consists of the following1 (a! 2istribution Planning "ode containing the technical and design criteria and rocedures to be followed by the (icensee in the lanning and de'elo ment of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su System4 and (b! 2istribution 7 eration "ode containing the conditions under which the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall o erate his 2istribution System. This code also s ecifies the re8uirements necessary to maintain the 8uality, security and safe o eration of the system under normal and abnormal conditions. 1.1.1 The +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission in e9ercise of the owers conferred on it by Sections 11(D! and :; of the +*&$*T*+* E(E"T&I"ITS &E>7&G *"T, 1/// has issued HElectricity Su )000.01H. This co'ers the distribution and su ly and 2istribution "ode, ly of electricity and rocedures ly (icensee@s 2istribution
thereof such as the owers, functions and obligations of the (icensees and the rights and obligations of the consumers and all incidental matters connected therewith. 1.1.) This H2istribution "odeH, hereinafter referred to as the "ode co'ers the following1 i. ii. 2istribution Planning "ode, 2istribution 7 eration "ode. ly (icensee@s
The "ode also co'ers all the technical and o erational as ects ertaining to lanning and de'elo ment of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su 2istribution System and use of the same by s ecific Users connected or see,ing connection to it. >urther, the o eration of the 2istribution System by the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee, o eration of their own lant by the users (including Transmission (icensee! are also co'ered in this "ode. 1.1.5 The ro'isions of this "ode are common to all the 2istribution 3 &etail Su (icensees e9ce t in cases of s ecific de'iationsAde artures or a made to an indi'idual (icensee by +E&". ly
ro'als
243
1.) 1.).1
S5o?# The Su ro'isions of this code shall be a licable to the 2istribution 3 &etail ly (icensee and to all the s ecific Users of the (icensee@s 2istribution
System e9ce ting for any e9em tions granted in writing by +E&". 1.).) >urther, the 2istribution 3 &etail Su Su .82 1.5.1 ly (icensee and the consumers see,ing
connection with the 2istribution System shall com ly with the HElectricity ly and 2istribution "ode, )000 . 01H.
I ?l# #(tat!o( a() R#7!#: o@ th# D!str!"<t!o( Co)# The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall eriodically re'iew this "ode ur ose a and its im lementation, as and when necessity arises. >or this consist of the following members1 a. b. c. d. * "hairman, on rotation basis, from each 2istribution 3 &etail Su licensee4 7ne member from each of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su 7ne member from the Transmission (icensee4 7ne member each from the #enerating Stations directly connected to each of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee@s 2istribution System to re resent all the #enerating Stations, ly
&e'iew Panel, hereinafter called Panel, shall be established. The Panel shall
ly (icensees4
1.5.)
e. 7ne member to re resent consumers to be nominated by +E&". The Panel shall frame, with the a ro'al of +E&", its own &ules and rocedures for conducting its business, including a a ro riate funding arrangements for the Panel. ointment and tenure of the "hairman, "on'ener and Secretary, a standing Secretariat and
1.5.5 1.5.6
The Panel shall meet at least once in three months. The Panel shall carry out the following functions1 a. Periodical &e'iew of the "ode and associated standards and their im lementation4
244
b. &e'iew of all the suggestions for amendments to this "ode made by any of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees or other members and also +E&"4 c. Issue of guidelines in relation to this "ode, and its im lementation, inter retation of any ro'ision thereunder at the re8uest of any erson connected to the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee@s 2istribution System4 d. "onsider changes necessary in this "ode arising out of any unforeseen circumstances. e. &e'iew the causes of electrical accidents, if any, and remedial measures to a'oid recurrence of such accidents. 1.5.: >ollowing any such re'iew made, the Secretary of the Panel shall submit the following to the +E&"1 a. * re ort on the outcome of any such re'iew b. *ny ro osed re'ision or re'isions the Panel may reasonably thin, fit for achie'ing the obDecti'es of this "ode4 c. *ll the written re resentations or obDections from any member of the Panel whose 'iews were not acce ted by the Panel. .83 1.6.1 U(@or#s##( C!r5< sta(5#s In the e'ent any circumstance not en'isaged in the ro'isions of this "ode arises, the 2istribution 3 &etail Su reasonably racticable, consult ly (icensee shall, to the e9tent rom tly in good faith with all the affected
Users in an effort to reach an agreement as to the further course of action. If such an agreement cannot be reached within the a'ailable time, the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall follow a rudent utility ractice, ,ee ing in 'iew the nature of the unforeseen circumstance and the technical arameters of the affected User@s System. Under such an e'ent, the affected Users shall com ly with the instructions gi'en by the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee. The concerned 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall howe'er refer all such cases for consideration in the ne9t meeting of the Panel. .8, 1.:.1 No(0Co ?l!a(5# The (icence re8uires the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee to com ly with the ro'isions of this "ode. The Users are re8uired to com ly with the
245
ro'isions of this "ode ertaining to them. *ny User or 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee to whom the ro'isions of this "ode a ly, and for any reason unable to com ly with the same, shall rom tly refer the matter to
+E&", Dustifying his actions. The +E&" may grant e9em tion de ending u on the merits of such matter. $on."om liance with the ro'isions of this "ode without Dustifiable reasons meriting e9em tion shall constitute an offence under the *ct.
246
SECTION ' DEFINITIONS In the 2istribution "ode the following words and e9 ressions shall, unless the subDect matter or conte9t otherwise re8uires or is inconsistent therewith, bear the following meanings1 *ct *cti'e Power The +arnata,a Electricity &eform *ct, 1/// The roduct of 'oltage and the in. hase com onent of alternating current measured in units of watts and standard multi les thereof, i.e., 1000 Eatts F 1 +E 1000 +E F 1 GE *n *greement entered into by the (icensee and the User. *ll the Electrical * aratus, including machines, fittings, accessories and a liances in which conductors are used. The roduct of 'oltage and current of an alternating current system measured in units of 'olt.am eres and standard multi les thereof, i.e., 1000 <* F 1 ,<* 1000 ,<* F 1 G<* The area within which a (icensee is authori?ed by his (icense to su ly Electricity at the time. "onductor not co'ered with insulation. *n occurrence relating to an e8ui ment of the su ly system or line, which re'ents normal functioning. * length of conductor ro'ided with insulation. The same may or may not be ro'ided with an o'erall mechanical co'ering. *rrangement of conductor(s! for the ur ose of carrying electrical energy and forming a system or branched system. &atio of combined ea, loads of a grou of connected loads to the sum of ea, loads of the indi'idual connected loads. *ny Eire, cable, Bar, Tube, Plate, etc., used for conducting energy and electrically connected to the system. *ggregate of manufacturer@s rating of all the connected * aratus, including ortable * aratus, in the consumer@s remises. It includes all * aratus for which the "onsumer has made declaration, for ta,ing su ly. This shall be e9 ressed in +E or +<*. If the ratings are in +<*, the same may be con'erted to +E by multi lying the +<* with a Power >actor of 0.=:. If the same or any other * aratus is rated by the manufacturer in %P, the %P rating shall be con'erted into +E by multi lying it by 0.-6;.
*greement * aratus * arent Power
*rea of Su
ly
Bare conductor Brea,down "able "ircuit
I$"I2E$"E >*"T7& "onductor "onnected (oad
247
$$E"TI7$ E&"7$$E"TI7$
* oint at which a User@s electrical system is connected to the P7I$TA (icensee@s 2istribution System. "ontract 2emand Ga9imum +E or +<* agreed to be su lied by the (icensee and indicated in the agreement e9ecuted between the arties. Ehere'er the agreement sti ulates su ly in +<*, the 8uantum in terms of +E may be obtained by multi lying by the Power >actor of 0.=:. The erson designated by the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee and any User ha'ing common electrical interface with the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee@s 2istribution System, res onsible for safety coordination. M2istribution SystemB means any system consisting mainly of cables, ser'ice lines and o'erhead lines, electrical lant and meters ha'ing design 'oltage of 55 +< and below. The distribution system shall not include any art of a transmission system e9ce t the terminal e8ui ment used for the su ly of electricity to e9tra high 'oltage (;; +< and abo'e! consumers. &atio of the sum of ea,s of grou of connected loads to the combined ea, load of the grou . Electricity Su (icense. #rid "ode %igh Tension (%T! +E&" +PT"( (oad >actor (ow Tension ((T! Power >actor S(2" ly "om any holding 2istribution and &etail Su ly
"ontrol Person
ST&IBUTI7$ SSSTEG
<E&SITS >*"T7&
*$SGISSI7$ SSSTEG
User
+arnata,a Electricity #rid "ode a ro'ed by +E&". System or su ly energi?ed at ;:0 'olts or abo'e u to 55,000 'olts. +arnata,a Electricity &egulatory "ommission. +arnata,a Power Transmission "or oration (imited. &atio of a'erage load to ea, load o'er a designated eriod. System or su ly energi?ed at 61: <olts three hase or )60 <olts single hase. &atio of *cti'e Power to * arent Power i.e. +E to +<*. State (oad 2is atch "entre. The System consisting of e9tra high 'oltage lines and stations, ha'ing design 'oltage of ;; +< and abo'e owned or o erated by a Transmission (icensee for transmission of electrical ower from the generating station bus bars u to the interconnection oint with the distribution system. This shall not include any art of the 2istribution System. *ny erson ha'ing electrical interface with, or using the 2istribution System of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee to whom this "ode is a licable. *ny other 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee, Transmission (icensee and generating units connected to the 2istribution system are also included in this term.
The words or e9 ressions occurring in this "ode but not defined abo'e shall ha'e the same meaning as in the +arnata,a Electricity &eform *ct, 1///4 or Indian Electricity
248
*ct, 1/104 or the Electricity (Su
ly! *ct, 1/6=4 or in the &ules and &egulations licable.
framed under the said *cts. In the absence thereof, the meaning commonly understood in the electricity industry shall be a CCC
249
SECTION 2 DISTRIBUTION >LANNING CODE 28. S5o?# 5.1.1 The 2istribution Planning "ode s ecifies the technical and design criteria and rocedures to be followed by the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ro er also a ly (icensee for a lanning and de'elo ment of the 2istribution System. This "ode is licable to the Users of the 2istribution System for their lanning and
de'elo ment in so far as they affect the 2istribution System. 5.1.) The re8uirement of the Users may necessitate e9tension or reinforcement of the 2istribution System. In some cases the same may e'en re8uire the (icensee to see, the e9tension or reinforcement to the ca acity of the Transmission System at the connection oint. This may arise for a number of reasons mentioned below, but not limited to the same1 (a! (b! (c! * de'elo ment by any User in his system already connected to the 2istribution System4 Introduction of a new connection oint between the User@s System and the (icensee@s System4 To increase the ca acity of the 2istribution System for meeting the security standards, remo'al of constraints in o eration etc., and accommodate a general increase in 2emand.
5.1.5
The de'elo ment of the 2istribution System must be lanned sufficiently in ad'ance allowing for the re8uired time to obtain the re8uired statutory clearances and consents or way lea'es, and the detailed engineering, design and construction wor, to be carried out and com leted. The management techni8ues such as PE&T and "PG shall be im lemented allowing for sufficient slac, time for critical acti'ities, to co.ordinate all the acti'ities in an efficient manner. These shall be ta,en care of at the time of lanning itself.
28' 5.).1
O"I#5t!7#s The following are the obDecti'es of the 2istribution Planning "ode1 safe and economical o eration with the s ecified degree of reliability conforming to the following standards1 i. 2istribution System Planning and Security Standard, 250
(a! To enable the lanning, design and construction of the 2istribution System for a
ii. iii. i'. '. 'i.
2istribution Standard,
System
"onstruction,
7 eration
and
Gaintenance
Safety Standard for the 2istribution System, Statutory *cts and &ules such as IE *ct, IE &ules etc. &ele'ant Indian Standard S ecifications, &E" "onstruction Standards and manuals.
(b! To facilitate the use of the 2istribution System by any User connected to or see,ing connection with it, (c! To formulate the technical conditions to be followed by the res ecti'e 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees and Users in meeting the standards for an efficient rocedure for the e9change of the system lanning data lanning and o eration of the common electrical interface, (d! To formulate the between the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee and the Users,
(e! To ro'ide the re8uired information to the Users for connection, 2istribution System, (f! To enable the 2istribution 3 &etail Su
de'elo ment of their own systems and ma,e them com atible with the ly (icensee to co.o erate with the
Transmission (icensee in furnishing the re8uired data as detailed in the #rid "ode under the section HSystem PlanningH. 282 5.5.1 Loa) Data The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall de'elo load cur'es for the area fed by the concerned substation of the Transmission (icensee from the metering data a'ailable at the connection oint. These data shall be com iled for the entire *rea of Su ly combining the load cur'es of each substation feeding its 2istribution System. 5.5.) The actual energy drawn by the distribution system as recorded in the energy meters installed at connection oints shall be reconciled with the actual energy sales. The distribution losses com uted from these data shall be furnished to the Transmission (icensee and +E&" e'ery month. 5.5.5 *ll the Users with 2emands of : GE and abo'e see,ing connection shall furnish their load data to the 2istribution 3 &etail Su in *nne9e 1. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su
ly (icensee as detailed
ly (icensee shall e9ercise s ecial 251
care to monitor the actual de'elo ment of loads in res ect of consumers desiring to a'ail loads of : GE and abo'e at a single oint. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee on his art shall furnish rele'ant System data as ly (icensee shall u date detailed in *nne9e ), if re8uired by the User see,ing connection to his 2istribution System. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su the System data regularly and at least once a year. 5.6 5.6.1 For#5ast M#tho)olo*; The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall formulate a long.term demand forecast considering the re'ious financial year as base and roDecting the 2emand for the succeeding : years. 2uring this rocess he shall re'iew the status of loads materiali?ing as er the re'ious load forecast. 5.6.) Energy sales in each Tariff "lass shall be a 5.6.5 ro riate statistical method. roDected in the forecast eriod
o'er the corres onding figures relating to the base year by ado ting an
The roDections shall ta,e into account the assumed normal growth for non. s ecific loads, s ecific and identified loads of 1 GE and abo'e, and the effects of 2emand Side Ganagement, if any, and energy conser'ation.
5.6.6
The aggregate energy and ea, load re8uirements at each connection oint shall be estimated ta,ing into account the distribution losses.
5.6.:
The 2istribution 3 &etail Su of su (a! (b! (c!
ly (icensee shall forward the long term demand
forecast for each connection oint with the Transmission System for his area ly on annual basis to the Transmission (icensee and +E&" along with 2ata, Gethodology, *ssum tions. ly (icensees to the following details on the basis of which the forecast is made1
5.6.;
It shall be the res onsibility of all the 2istribution 3 &etail Su fully co.o erate with the Transmission (icensee in forecasts for the entire +arnata,a State.
re aration of demand
5.:
Technical and 2esign "riteria1 252
The 2istribution 3 &etail Su
ly (icensee shall
lan and de'elo
his
2istribution System on the basis of the following technical and design criteria1 5.:.1 The load demand of all the e9isting Users connected to it and all Users see,ing connection with it shall be met. *ll the * economical and reliable manner. 5.:.) The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall assess and forecast the load ly on annual basis aratus and "ircuits shall ha'e ade8uate ca acity to cater to their needs of electricity in a safe,
demand of each category of consumers in his area of su or more fre8uently as re8uired by the +E&". 5.:.5 The 2istribution 3 &etail Su
ly (icensee shall ha'e a thorough ,nowledge of
the usage of electricity by the consumers and the way they use electrical energy and other alternati'e sources of energy in his area. The (oad forecasting shall ta,e into account all these along with other conser'ation rograms and the demand side management or off. ea, usage demand of the consumers o'er the years. 5.:.6 The 2istribution 3 &etail Su load research ly (icensee shall im lement an a ro riate rograms which the (icensee may s onsor, resulting in reduction of energy and ea,
rogram for the systematic collection of data describing
consumers@ energy usage atterns and analysis of these data for energy and demand forecast. >or this ur ose, the consumers shall be di'ided into the following classes1 (a! (b! (c! (d! 2omestic sector, "ommercial sector, *gricultural sector, Industrial sector ea, demand etc., shall be made on sam le sur'eys ta,ing re ared for these sam le
The attern of energy consumed by each sector and the load demand, the eriod of re resentati'e sam les from each sector for its different seasonal re8uirements. * suitable 8uestionnaire shall be models. Based on this, load sur'eys and the data obtained shall be analy?ed using suitable statistical rofiles shall be drawn im lementing 2emand Side Ganagement techni8ues to match the a'ailability from time to time.
253
5.:.:
The load research rogram shall assess the following1 i. ii. iii. i'. '. 2emand at the time of system ea,, daily, monthly, seasonal or annual, %ourly demand for the day of the system ea,, monthly, seasonal or annual, "ategory wise 2i'ersity >actor or the "oincidence >actor and (oad >actor, Total energy consum tion for each category by day, month, season or year, "ategory wise non.coincident ea, demand.
5.:.;
Based on the results of the abo'e analysis the load forecast shall be made using the a ro riate modern forecasting tools where'er a licable.
5.:.-
The o timum circuit loading and the ma9imum number of circuits at any electrical interface between the 2istribution and Transmission Systems shall conform to the 2istribution System Planning and Security Standard, 2istribution System "onstruction, 7 eration and Gaintenance Standard, and Safety Standards for 2istribution System issued se arately. These standards form an integral art of this "ode.
5.:.=
*s far as racticable, se arate circuits shall be ro'ided for the following1 i. ii. iii. Urban non.industrial ower su Urban industrial ower su ly, &ural Su ly. ly,
5.:./
The loads shall be arranged as far as
ossible in discrete load bloc,s to
facilitate load management during emergency o erations. 5.:.10 (oad >low and other system studies shall be conducted to locate the osition of 55 A 11 +< substations, ca acitor installations, distribution transformers, and to contain 'oltage 'ariation and energy losses within reasonable limits. 5.:.11 The following s ares in stores1 (a! (b! (c! (d! "a acities of Power Transformers, "a acities and designs of 2istribution Transformers, 55 +< substation (ayouts, Pole mounted substations, 254 arameters of e8ui ments and system designs shall be
standardi?ed to facilitate easy re lacement and reduction of in'entories of
(e! (f! (g! (h! (i! (D! (,!
Si?es of Bus bars, "a acities and ratings Transformers, Earthing, (ightning *rresters, "ontrol Panels, Station Batteries, >ire E9tinguishers.
of
"ircuit
brea,ers
and
Instrument
5.:.1) The lanning of the 2istribution System shall always ,ee in 'iew the cost effecti'eness and reduction in energy losses without sacrificing the re8uirements of Security Standards and Safety Standards for the 2istribution System mentioned in clause 5.:.-. 5.:.15 The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall lan the 2istribution System
e9 ansion and reinforcement ,ee ing the following in 'iew along with all other measures to accommodate the ad'ancement in technology re'ailing at the time1 i. ii. iii. i'. 286 5.;.1 Economic &atio of %T and (T line lengths, Use of *erial Bunched "onductors, Underground "ables, Increasing the number of 2istribution Transformers and their location at the electrical load centers.
>la((!(* >ro5#)<r# The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ower within his *rea of Su ly (icensee shall forecast the 2emand for ly annually or more fre8uently as and when
directed by +E&", for each succeeding : years. 5.;.) The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall create a database of loads for
each consumer category and for each 2istribution Substation connected to the 2istribution System and u date it on annual basis. 5.;.5 The 2istribution 3 &etail Su +E&" for its consideration. 287 5.-.1 E(#r*; A<)!t The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall create res onsibility centers o ulation of :0,000 and for energy audit. 2i'isions, cities and towns with ly (icensee shall wor, out the details of the
(oad &esearch Program mentioned in clause 5.:.6 and file his ro osal with
abo'e, shall be made as res onsibility centers and accountable for the
255
energy sales and calculation of distribution losses. (oad sur'ey meters with a memory retaining ca acity of at least 6: days shall be installed for all the incomingAoutgoing feeders in the area identified for each such res onsibility centre. 5.-.) The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall carry out energy audit of his
total system com iling the data and analysis carried out in each res onsibility centre. The energy recei'ed from each substation shall be measured at the 11 +< terminal switchgear of all the outgoing feeders installed with a ro riate energy meters such that the energy su lied to the each di'ision is accurately a'ailable. It shall be com ared with the corres onding figures of monthly energy sales and the distribution loss for each di'ision shall be wor,ed out.
256
A((#4# . LOAD DATA FOR DEMANDS OF , M9 AND ABOEE ("lause 5.5.5! 1. Ty e of (oad1 (E.g. >urnace loads, rolling mills, traction loads, um ing loads, industrial loads etc.! ). Ga9imum 2emand (+<*! 5. Sear(s! by which fullA art load su ly is re8uired1 (Phasing of loads shall be furnished! 6. (ocation of load with a location ma drawn to scale1 :. &ated 'oltage, fre8uency and number of hases at which su ;. 2escri tion of e8ui ment1 a. Gotors1 (State the ur ose and number of installations, 'oltage and +E rating, method of starting, starting current and duration, ty e of motors, ty es of dri'es and control e8ui ments etc.! b. %eating1 (Ty e and +E rating! c. >urnace1 (Ty e, >urnace Transformer ca acity and 'oltage ratio! d. Electrolysis1 (Pur ose and +<* ca acity! e. (ighting1 +E 2emand. f. *ny other loads with articulars1 ly at the time of ea, load1 (#i'e details!. =. Phase unbalance im osed on the System1 Ga9imum1 *'erage1 /. Ga9imum harmonic content im osed on the System1 (>urnish details of de'ices ro osed for the su ression of harmonics!. 10. 2etails of the loads li,ely to cause demand fluctuations greater than 10 GE at the oint of connection including 'oltage di s ( ercentage! lasting for : seconds or more. -. Sensiti'ity of 2emand to fluctuations in 'oltage and fre8uency of su ly is re8uired1
257
A((#4# ' SYSTEM DATA ("lause 5.5.5! 1. To ological ma (icensee ). 2istribution ma of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su substations within the *rea of Su lines. 5. Single line diagram of the 2istribution System showing line length, conductor si?es, substation ca acity, ca acitor si?es with locations, auto.reclosures etc. 6. 2etails of Getering and &elaying at 55A11 +< substations. :. 2etails of #rid substations at the oint of interconnections as follows1 i. ii. iii. i'. '. G<* "a acity and 'oltage, $umber of transformers, ca acity of each transformer, 'oltage ratios, &anges of ta s, Im edance >ault le'el at substation busbars, both three hase and single line to ground fault Bus im edance, Substation layout diagram. ly (icensee drawn to scale of not less than 1 cm to ).: +G showing the e9isting 11 +< and 55 +< lines and ly of the (icensee. (ines and substations under construction or lanned for the ne9t fi'e years shall be shown in dotted of +arnata,a mar,ing boundaries of *rea of Su ly of the
;. 2rawal at interconnection oints1 Ga9imum and Ginimum GE drawal from each interconnection with the Transmission System or with other 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees during last si9 months.
258
SECTION 3 DISTRIBUTION O>ERATION CODE

6.1 6.1.1 S5o?# This Section s ecifies the rocedures and ractices to be followed for a safe and efficient o eration of the 2istribution System by the 2istribution 3 &etail Su electrical Su ly (icensee and by the Users of the 2istribution System of their lant and lines which are connected to the 2istribution 3 &etail ly to any electrical ly (icensees for a safe and efficient
ly (icensee@s 2istribution System. This shall also a
interface between two &etail Su o eration of the interface. 6.1.) i. ii. iii. i'. '. 'i. 'ii. 'iii. i9. 9. 9i. 9ii. 9iii. 6.) 6.).1
The following as ects of o eration are co'ered in this Section1 2emand Estimation, 7utage Planning, "ontingency Planning, 2emand Ganagement and (oad Shedding, Interface with small #enerating Plant including "PPs, Getering and Protection, "ommunication, Gonitoring and control of <oltage, >re8uency and Power >actor, Safety "o.ordination, GaDor Incident and *ccident re orting, Gaintenance and Testing, Tools and S ares, Training.
D# a() Est! at!o( The 2istribution 3 &etail Su 2emands at each ly (icensee shall estimate his hourly and daily oint of interconnection on the basis of rele'ant (oad
"ur'es drawn on day.ahead basis subDect to modifications de ending u on the communications recei'ed from any s ecific User or caused by any contingency.
259
6.).)
>or this ur ose, the concerned maDor Users identified by the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall furnish the re8uired data ertaining to their 2emands of their installations to him.
6.5 6.5.1
O<ta*# >la((!(* The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall furnish his ro osed outage rograms to the Transmission (icensee on a month.ahead basis.
6.5.)
The outage rogram shall contain identification of (ines and E8ui ment of the 2istribution System oint during outage. ro osed to be ta,en out of ser'ice, date of start of outage, duration of outage, 8uantum of load restricted at any interconnection
6.5.5
The outage lan ro osed by the (icensee shall come into effect only after the Transmission (icensee releases the finally agreed Transmission outage lan.
6.5.6
%owe'er at the time the (ine or E8ui ment is ta,en out of ser'ice, the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall intimate and obtain the consent of ro'ed lan. the designated officer of the Transmission (icensee for the same, e'en though the same is already included in the a
6.5.:
In case of (ines and E8ui ments of ;; +< and abo'e the s ecific release of S(2" shall be obtained in addition to the abo'e.
6.5.;
The abo'e rocedure shall not a i. ii. iii. i'.
ly under the following circumstances1
In cases where the estimated drawal at interconnection oints is not affected4 Emergency situations to sa'e lant and machinery4 In such of the unforeseen emergency situations re8uiring isolation of (ines or E8ui ment to sa'e human life, 2isconnection to be effected on any User installation due to 'iolation of *greement. In this case the S(2" shall be informed where'er the load to the e9tent of : GE or more is affected.
6.5.-
Planned outages of Power System for more than 10 hours for maintenance ur oses shall be intimated to the ublic through media two days in ad'ance.
260
6.6 6.6.1
Co(t!(*#(5; >la((!(* * contingency situation may arise in the e'ent of a total or artial blac,out in the Transmission System. * contingency may also arise on a It may also arise due to a brea,down in the * (icensee at the oint of interconnection. art of the 2istribution System due to local brea,downs in the 2istribution System itself. aratus of the Transmission
6.6.)
Transmission System >ailure1 i. In case of a total blac,out at any oint of interconnection, the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall follow the blac, start rocedures framed by the Transmission (icensee as re8uired in the #rid "ode. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall sectionali?e the 2istribution System into discrete bloc,s of demand. %e shall ad'ise the S(2" of the amount of GE load li,ely to be ic,ed u on switching each demand bloc,. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall re are a schedule of essential and non.essential loads in order of riority at each interconnection to be ic,ed u during the restoration rocess. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall ensure and maintain the load generation balance under the direction of the S(2". The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall maintain direct communication lin,s with the S(2" till normalcy is restored. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall furnish the names and designations of the erson(s! with their tele hone numbers and stations, authori?ed to deal with contingency o erations, to the S(2".
ii.
iii.
i'. '. 'i.
6.6.5
2istribution System >ailure1 i. Interru tions to ower su ly in any art of the 2istribution System lasting for more than two hours due to brea,down in any art of the 2istribution System may be termed as a 2istribution System >ailure. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall e'ol'e a restoration rocess for such a 2istribution System >ailure. aratus of the Transmission (icensee1
ii. 6.6.6 i.
>ailure of the *
The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall immediately contact the authori?ed erson at the substation of the Transmission (icensee, and assess the robable eriod of restoration and the robable restriction of load drawal from the affected substation.
261
ii. 6.: 6.:.1
The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall effect the 2emand Side Ganagement lan accordingly. D# a() Ma(a*# #(t a() Loa) Sh#))!(* Tem orary (oad Shedding may be resorted to for maintaining the (oad #eneration balance as instructed by the S(2". This may also be necessary due to loss of any circuit or e8ui ment or any other o erational contingency.
6.:.)
The 2istribution 3 &etail Su the Users su
ly (icensee shall estimate (oads that may
be shed in discrete bloc,s at each Interconnection Point in consultation with lied through inde endent circuits as re8uired. Such Users shall ly coo erate with the (icensee in this regard. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su
(icensee shall wor, out the se8uence of (oad Shedding o erations and the detailed rocedure shall be furnished to the ersons in.charge of substations concerned where such (oad Shedding has to be carried out. In case of automatic load shedding through under fre8uency relays, the circuits and the amount of (oad to be interru ted with corres onding relay settings shall be intimated to the S(2" and 2istribution 3 &etail Su 6.:.5 ersons in charge of the substations of the ly (icensee as necessary.
If the duration of (oad Shedding to any art of the 2istribution System e9ceeds ;0 minutes, the ublic should be intimated rom tly through the media. The "onsumers with "ontract 2emand of 1 GE and abo'e and the essential ser'ices such as %os ital, Public Eater Eor,s etc. shall be intimated o'er the tele hone where'er ossible.
1.; 6.;.1
I(t#r@a5# :!th S all G#(#rat!(* U(!ts !(5l<)!(* C>>s If the 2istribution 3 &etail Su 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee has an interface with any generating unit including "PP and an *greement for this ur ose e9ists, the ly (icensee and the concerned owner of the ro'isions in addition to the licable to all the Users1 generating unit shall abide by the following ro'isions contained in this "ode as a i. a. #enerating Units u to 5 GE1 The owner shall ro'ide suitable rotection at the interface to rotect his system from any damage due to normal and abnormal conditions in the 2istribution System.
262
b.
If the #enerator is an Induction #enerator, the owner shall install se arate metering for the &eacti'e (oad drawal, in addition to his o erational metering. #enerating Units of 5 to : GE1 In addition to the abo'e ro'isions a the #rid "ode also. licable to the #enerating Units u to : GE, the #enerating "om any shall com ly with the ro'isions of
ii.
387 6.-.1
M#t#r!(* a() >rot#5t!o( 7 erational metering1 The minimum re8uirement of 7 erational Getering at the 2istribution System substations shall be as follows1 i. 55 +<A11 +< substations1 ii. 55 +< Bus <oltage 11 +< Bus <oltage 55 +< incomingAoutgoing current in each hase and each circuit Power Transformer Primary and Secondary "urrents in each hase of e'ery Transformer 11 +< outgoing feeder currents in each hase for each feeder Power >actor in each 11 +< feeder (oad sur'ey meters ha'ing memory duration of at least 6: days for all the incoming and outgoing feeders (both 55 and 11 +<!
User@s system with 2emand of 1 GE and abo'e1 <oltage "urrent (oad Power >actor
6.-.)
Tariff and "ommercial Getering1 (a! Tariff metering shall be ro'ided at each oint of interconnection between the 2istribution and Transmission Systems in accordance with the #rid "ode and the Transmission Ser'ices *greement.
263
(b! Tariff metering shall be ro'ided at the connection oints between the User@s System and the 2istribution System and shall be go'erned by the ro'ision in the Transmission Ser'ices *greement. (c!*ll the meters, metering cubicles and testing rocedures shall conform to the rele'ant Indian Standard S ecifications and Indian Electricity &ules, 1/:;. 6.-.5 Geasurement of energy im ortAe9 ort1 (a! The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall install the following meters for all of their sub.transmission lines connecting the generating stations, and substations for the measurement of energy im ortAe9 ort from each line, energy generated in generating units and energy consumed in ower stations and substations1 *cti'e energy im ort. *cti'e energy e9 ort. &eacti'e energy im ort. &eacti'e energy e9 ort. (b! Each metering oint associated with the determination of energy e9 orted or im orted, between the #enerating "om anies, Transmission (icensees Bul, Su ly (icensees and 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall be ro'ided with both main and chec, meters. The minimum standard of accuracy of these meters shall be of accuracy class 0.). These meters shall conform to the rele'ant IE" or IS s ecifications. (c! *ll the instrument transformers used in conDunction with commercial (tariff! metering shall also be of accuracy class 0.) and conform to the rele'ant IE" or IS s ecifications. The rating shall be suitable for catering the burdens of lead wires and metering. (d! 2ata collection shall be used to integrate im ulses from meters o'er each integration eriod as er agreement, store 'alues, and to transmit the same to the data collection system of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee. 2ata shall be collected from both the main and chec, metering schemes. (e! <oltage failure relays shall be ro'ided to initiate alarm on loss of one or more hases of the 'oltage su ly to the meter. (f! Gain and chec, meters shall be ro'ided at all interconnection oints. *ll the meters shall be tested and calibrated according to the guidelines ro'ided in the rele'ant IE"AIS s ecifications at least once a year and
264
also whene'er the difference in readings between the main and chec, meters e9ceed 0.:O. (g! &ecords of these calibrations and tests shall be maintained for reference. (h! The #enerating "om anies, Transmission (icensees, Bul, Su ly (icensees and 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall formulate and agree u on a rocedure co'ering summation, collection and rocessing of tariff meter readings at 'arious interconnection sites of their area. Ehene'er necessary, these rocedures can be re'ised. (i! The ownershi , res onsibility of maintenance and testing of these meters shall be as mutually agreed to between the Users and the concerned (icensees. 6.-.6 Protection System1 (a! $o item of electrical e8ui ment shall be allowed to remain connected to the system unless it is co'ered by the a ro riate rotection aimed at reliability, selecti'ity, s eed and sensiti'ity. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall coo erate with the Transmission (icensee to ensure correct and a ro riate settings of rotection to achie'e effecti'e, discriminatory isolation of faulty lineAe8ui ment within the time target clearance s ecified by the Transmission (icensee. Protection settings shall not be altered, or rotection by assed andAor disconnected without consultation and agreement of all the affected Users. In case the rotection has been by assed andAor disconnected by agreement due to any cause, the same should be rectified and rotection restored to normal condition as 8uic,ly as ossible. If agreement has not been reached, the electrical e8ui ments shall be isolated forthwith. The settings of rotecti'e relays for 55 +< and 11 +< lines shall be such that a fault in any section does not affect the section between the generating unit and the faulty section under all conditions. The Transmission (icensee shall notify the initial settings and any subse8uent changes to the Users from time to time. &outine chec,s on the erformance of the rotecti'e relays shall be conducted and any malfunction shall be noted and corrected as soon as ossible. Short circuit studies re8uired for deciding the relay settings shall be conducted by the (icensee with the data collected from the Transmission (icensee and the Users. &e resentati'es of the #enerating "om anies, Transmission (icensees and 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees shall meet eriodically to discuss such malfunctions, changes in the system configuration, if any, and ossible re'ised settings of relays. The Transmission (icensee shall be res onsible for arranging eriodical meetings between the #enerating "om anies and the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensees to discuss coordination of 265
(b!
(c!
(d!
rotection. The Transmission (icensee shall in'estigate any malfunction of rotection or other unsatisfactory rotection issues. The concerned (icensees shall ta,e rom t action to correct any rotection malfunction or other unsatisfactory rotection issue as discussed and agreed to in these eriodical meetings. (e! *ll generating units and all associated electrical e8ui ment of the generating com any connected to the 2istribution System shall be rotected by ade8uate rotection, as er ".B.I.P. manual 'ide ublication )-6, so that the system does not suffer due to any disturbances originating at the generating unit. 55 +< lines1 .These lines shall ha'e two o'er current and one earth fault non.directional I2GT rotection. It shall also ha'e instantaneous o'er current element. 2istribution System1 .>or Power Transformers of %< class in the 2istribution System, differential rotection shall be ro'ided for 10 G<* and abo'e along with bac,u time lag o'er current and earth fault rotection with directional feature for arallel o eration. Transformers of 1.; G<* and abo'e but less than : G<* shall be rotected by time lag o'er current, earth fault and instantaneous restricted earth fault relays. In addition, all ower transformers shall be ro'ided with gas o erated relays, winding and oil tem erature alarm and rotection. 2istribution lines1 . *ll the 55 +< and 11 +< lines at connection oints shall be ro'ided with a minimum of o'er current and earth fault relays as follows1 i! Plain radial feeders1 $on.directional time lag o'er current and earth fault relays with suitable settings to obtain discrimination between adDacent relay settings. ParallelAring feeders1 2irectional time lag o'er current and earth fault relay. (ong feedersAtransformer feeders1 These incor orate a high set instantaneous element. feeders shall
(f!
(g!
(h!
ii! iii!
381 6.=.1
Co
<(!5at!o(
&eliable communication lin,s shall be established for e9change of data, information and o erating instructions between the (icensee, Users with a 2emand of : GE and abo'e and the S(2".
38% 6./.1
Eolta*#, Fr#G<#(5; a() >o:#r Fa5tor Mo(!tor!(* a() Co(trol The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall monitor the <oltage, >re8uency and Power >actors in the 2istribution System at different oints
266
at ea, and off. ea, hours and ta,e reasonable measures for im ro'ement of the same in co.ordination with the Users with 2emand of 1 GE and abo'e, and the Transmission (icensee. 6./.) The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall ta,e Power >actor oints in the 2istribution System by
im ro'ement measures at strategic "om ensation E8ui ments. 6./.5
carrying out System Studies and installing the re8uired &eacti'e
The <oltage in the 2istribution System may 'ary de ending u on the a'ailable generation, system demand, and the configuration of Transmission and 2istribution Systems at any time. Under normal o erating conditions the (icensee shall e9ercise ro er 'oltage management in the 2istribution ly mentioned in System beyond the oint of interconnection with the Transmission System to maintain <oltage at all le'els according to the 8uality of su the H2istribution System Planning and Security StandardH issued se arately. The ca acitors, where'er a'ailable in the 55 ,< substations shall be o erated to maintain reacti'e com ensation to be within acce table limits of ower factor of at least 0./ ,ee ing the bus 'oltage in 'iew.
6./.6
Users ha'ing (oads with high harmonic content, low Power >actor and fluctuations shall install a ro riate correction E8ui ment. ly (icensee shall abide by the instructions
6./.:
The 2istribution 3 &etail Su the fre8uency of su
issued by the S(2" from time to time on (oad management for maintaining ly within the s ecified limits.
267
38.6.10.1
Sa@#t; 5o0or)!(at!o( The 2istribution 3 &etail Su 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee and the Users and any other ersons to be res onsible for ly (icensee ha'ing common electrical interface
with the (icensee shall designate suitable
safety co.ordination. These ersons shall be referred to as "ontrol Persons. Their designations and tele hone numbers shall be e9changed between all the concerned ersons. *ny change in the list shall be notified rom tly to all the concerned. 6.10.) The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee and the Users shall re are safety recautions to be ta,en for each
manuals incor orating all the safety
com onent of the 2istribution System based on the HSafety Standard for 2istribution SystemH issued se arately. *ll the safety rules and recautions shall be obser'ed when wor, is to be carried out on any (ine or * aratus, switchgear or circuits in any art of the 2istribution System or in any art of the User System. The safety manuals thus re ared shall be issued to all the control ersons and Users for com liance. 6.10.5 There shall be co.ordination between Su &etail Su ersons of the 2istribution 3 &etail ersons of two 2istribution 3
ly (icensee and the Users, between
ly (icensees ha'ing electrical interfaces, for carrying out the aratus or (ines etc., belonging to either arty at the oint of
wor, on any * interconnection. 6.10.6
The ro'isions of the #rid "ode shall be followed at interconnection oints in co.ordination with the Transmission (icensee.
6.10.:
The disconnecting de'ice(s! at each electrical interface, which shall be ca able of effecti'ely disconnecting the system of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee and the other Users, and the grounding de'ices of the res ecti'e systems at the control boundary shall be identified and mar,ed by the (icensee and the res ecti'e Users. These shall be maintained in good condition at all times. To unauthori?ed interloc,s. re'ent inad'ertent switching o erations by ro'ided with ersons, such disconnecting de'ices shall be
268
6.10.;
Ehere'er any "onsumer has installed an emergency ower su
ly system,
either an electronic system with storage batteries or with generators, the arrangement shall be such that the same cannot be o erated without clearly isolating the system from the su ly mains. The ossibility of a feed bac, from these de'ices to the 2istribution System from any of the conductors, including the neutral conductor shall be clearly ruled out. 6.10.The a ro riate control erson at the electrical interface shall issue written aratus,
ermission to his counter art for carrying out the wor, on any *
switchgear or lines beyond the electrical interface. Such ermissions shall be termed as H(ine "lear PermitsH (("P!. The format for ("P shall be standardi?ed by the (icensee and shall be used by all concerned. 6.10.= The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee in consultation with the concerned
User shall frame chec,list of o erations to be carried out and the rocedures for safety coordination for each electrical interface, before issue and return of ("Ps. Such rocedures and chec,lists shall be issued to all the concerned by the (icensee for im lementation. 38.. 6.11.1 MaIor I(5!)#(t or A55!)#(t R#?ort!(* The 2istribution and &etail Su ly (icensee shall send a reliminary re ort ly which to +E&" all the significant Incidents in the (icensee@s *rea of Su
results in interru tion to ser'ice, substantial damage to e8ui ment or loss of life or significant inDury to human beings within one wee, of its occurrence followed by a detailed re ort within one month. 6.11.) The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee and the Users shall establish a
format and rocedure for e9change of information. 6.11.5 The Users shall furnish information to the 2istribution 3 &etail Su (icensee regarding any maDor incident occurring in their Systems rom tly. 38.' 6.1).1 R#?ort!(* >ro5#)<r# *ll re ortable incidents occurring in the lines and e8ui ments of 11 ,< and abo'e at the 55 +< substations shall be rom tly re orted orally by the ly
269
(icensee whose e8ui ment has e9 erienced the incident, to all other significantly affected Users identified by the 2istribution 3 &etail Su Su ly (icensee and the Transmission (icensee. The re orting 2istribution 3 &etail ly (icensee should submit a written re ort to the Transmission (icensee within one hour of such oral re ort. If the re orting incident is of maDor nature, the written re ort shall be submitted within two hours duly followed by a com rehensi'e re ort within 6= hours of the submission of the initial written re ort. In other cases, the re orting 2istribution 3 &etail Su (icensee. 6.1).) The Transmission (icensee shall call for a re ort from any 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee on any re ortable incident affecting other Users and in case such User whose e8ui ment might ha'e been a source of the re ortable incident does not re ort the same. %owe'er this shall not relie'e any User from the obligation to re ort E'ents in accordance with IE &ules. The format for such a re ort shall be as er the a 9i'. 9'. 9'i. 9'ii. 9'iii. 9i9. 99. 99i. 99ii. 99iii. 99i'. 99'. 99'i. 6.1).5 (ocation of the incident, 2ate and time of the incident, Plant or E8ui ment in'ol'ed, Su lies interru ted and the duration where'er a licable, licable, *mount of #eneration lost, where'er a ro'al of the 2istribution "ode &e'iew Panel and shall ty ically contain the following1 ly (icensee shall submit a re ort within fi'e wor,ing days to the Transmission
System Parameters before and after the incident, (<oltage, >re8uency, (oad, #eneration, etc.! $etwor, configuration before the incident, &elay indications and erformance of rotection, Brief descri tion of the incident, Estimated time of return to ser'ice, *ny other rele'ant information, &ecommendations for future im ro'ement, $ame and designation of the re orting erson.
The re ort shall contain sufficient detail to describe the E'ent to enable the reci ient to assess the im lications and ris,s arising out of the same. The
270
reci ient may as, for clarifications where'er necessary and it is obligatory that the re orting User shall ut his best efforts and ro'ide all the necessary and reasonable information. 6.1).6 In case of a re8uest by either arty, the oral re ort shall be written down by the sender and dictated by way of a tele hone message or sent by >a9Ae. mail to the reci ient. In case of an emergency the re ort can be gi'en only orally and followed by written confirmation. 6.1).: &e orting of accidents shall be in accordance with the IE &ules, 1/:;, &ule 66.*. If an accident occurs in the 2istribution System resulting in or li,ely to ha'e resulted in loss or inDury to human or animal life, the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall send a telegra hic re ort to the Electrical Ins ector within )6 hours of the ,nowledge of such occurrence. This shall be followed by a written re ort in the form setout in the *nne9ure \III of I.E. &ules within 6= hours of the ,nowledge of occurrence of fatal and all other accidents. 38.2 6.15.1 Ma!(t#(a(5# a() T#st!(* The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall re are maintenance schedules for lines and e8ui ment to meet the le'el of maintenance as re8uired in the H2istribution "onstruction 7 eration and Gaintenance StandardH and HSafety Standard for 2istribution SystemH issued se arately along with the Performance Standard of the (icensee. 6.15.) &egular testing of all the e8ui ments, such as Transformers, Switchgear, Protecti'e &elays etc., should be carried out as recommended by the manufacturers and the rele'ant code of ractices issued by the Bureau of Indian Standards and "BIP. These shall be carried out at the rescribed inter'als and the test results shall be recorded in the maintenance registers. Ehere'er the test results indicate a decline in the insulation resistance andAor deterioration of the E8ui ment, re'enti'e maintenance shall be carried out to ensure ser'iceability, safety and efficiency. 6.15.5 The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall maintain well trained hot.line
ersonnel, and all the re8uired tools in good condition, and conduct the
271
maintenance wor, by using hot.line techni8ue, where'er ossible, to reduce the eriod of interru tion. 6.15.6 The Users shall maintain their * aratus and Power (ines at all times
conforming to I.E. &ules 1/:; and shall be suitable for being connected to the 2istribution System in a safe and reliable manner. 38.3 6.16.1 Tools a() S?ar#s The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall ensure a'ailability of ro er tools and tac,les at all wor, laces for carrying out the maintenance. The tools and tac,les shall be chec,ed from time to time and their ser'iceability shall be ensured. 6.16.) The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall maintain an in'entory of ur oses at suitable
s ares re8uired for maintenance and re lacement
locations according to a clear olicy to be laid down by the (icensee. 38., 6.1:.1 Tra!(!(* The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall ma,e a ro riate arrangements for im arting training in both cold line and hot.line wor, to his wor,men and su er'isory staff, incor orating u .to.date techni8ues of 2istribution System design, construction and maintenance. %e shall frame a suitable syllabus for this ur ose. CCC
272
KARNATAKA COMMISSION
ELECTRICITY
REGULATORY
D>COM + . DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM >LANNING AND SECURITY STANDARD
D>COM + ' DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION, O>ERATION AND MAINTENANCE STANDARD
D>COM + 2 S AFETY STAND ARDS FOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DOS & DONNTS
273
D>COM 0 . D!str!"<t!o( S;st# .81.1 S5o?# This Standard s ecifies the guidelines for 2istribution System. The system is to be
>la((!(* a() S#5<r!t; Sta()ar) lanning methodology of the lanned by the 2istribution 3 274
&etail Su
ly (icensee in accordance with this standard read together ly to the consumers and also to meet the re8uired safety
with the 2istribution "ode for ro'iding the re8uired 8uality and reliability of ower su re8uirements. 1.) The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall lan and de'elo the
2istribution System in accordance with this standard. The sco e of this standard co'ers the 2istribution System com rising of Power (ines and Substations from 55 +< down to 600A)50 <olts. The Power (ines and Substations of 'oltages higher than 55 +< are co'ered in the Transmission System Planning and Security Standard.
).0
).0
D<al!t; o@ ?o:#r s<??l;

>re8uency1 . The rated fre8uency shall be :0 %?. *ll the constituents of the Power System shall ma,e all ossible efforts to ensure that the grid fre8uency remains within the bandwidth of 6/.0 .:0.: %?.
).1
<oltage1 .The highest and the lowest 'oltages gi'en in the following table shall be considered for design ur oses1 *" <oltage Band as er Preferred, IS 1)5;0) II Phase to Phase II III * Phase to neutral Phase to Phase $ominal %ighest System (owest <oltage 660 < (6:- <!C ):6 < ();6 <!C 1) +< 5; +< System *" System <oltage 600 < (61: <!C )50 < ()60 <!C 11 +< 55 +< <oltage 5;0 < (5-6 <!C )0= < ()1; <!C 10 +< 50 +<
).)
The 'oltage at any oint of the system under normal o erating conditions shall not de art from the declared 'oltage by more than the 'alues gi'en below1 Band II L ;O
As ?#r th# lat#st 7#rs!o( o@ IS .'26- th# ?r#@#rr#) (o !(al ?has# to ?has# 7olta*# !( Eolta*# Ba() II !s 3., Eolts8 Th# ?r#s#(t ?ra5t!5# !( Kar(ataka Stat# !s 3-- Eolts ?has# to ?has# a() th# sa # !s r#ta!(#) !( th# El#5tr!5!t; S<??l; a() D!str!"<t!o( Co)#, '--- 0 -.8 Th# sa # shall 5o(t!(<# @or so # t! # t!ll th# 5ha(*# tak#s ?la5# to 3., Eolts a() @alls !( l!(# :!th th# r#st o@ th# 5o<(tr;8 * F!*<r#s !( "ra5k#ts ar# as ?#r IS .'26-8 CODES & STANDARDS: KERC
275
Band III * P ;O . /O ).5 %armonic content1 . *s content in the su er IEEE recommendations, the total harmonic
ly 'oltage for sensiti'e loads shall not e9ceed :
ercent, with any single harmonic content not e9ceeding 5 ercent. 5.0 (oad >orecast1 5.1 The 2istribution 3 &etail Su estimating the ly (icensee shall re are a rolling long. term load ly duly attern of the
forecast annually for a eriod of at least fi'e years in his area of su robable load growth and the consum tion
consumers. The forecast thus made shall be u dated e'ery year de ending on the actual load that has come in that year and the changes in assum tion, if any, re8uired for the ne9t years. 5.) 5.).1 Preliminary (oad Sur'ey1 2omestic and "ommercial (oads1 . The consum tion in 2omestic and "ommercial sectors shall be estimated on the basis of the number of consumers and their s ecific consum tion. The ast growth rate in the number of consumers in the area shall be studied. In cases where ower shortages ha'e been e9 erienced in the recent ast, the growth rate to be ado ted shall ta,e into consideration the ent.u demand ma,ing due allowance in the growth rate to account for increased tem o of household electrification en'isaged in the future. The higher le'el of electrification lanned in the area should be ,e t in 'iew. Energy consum tion er consumer shall be estimated after studying the ast trends and ta,ing into account the antici ated im ro'ements in the standard of li'ing.
5.).)
><"l!5 L!*ht!(* a() 9at#r 9orks
The estimates of electricity consum tion in ublic lighting and water wor,s shall be based on the a'erage consum tion er ,ilowatt of connected load, roDected on the basis of trends, ,ee ing in mind the li,ely increase in su ublic lighting and water ly facilities. The number of hours of o eration shall be estimated ta,ing into
account the ast trends and the ower cuts if any effected in the area.
5.).5
A*r!5<lt<ral Loa)s
276
The ower re8uirement for Irrigation Pum sets shall be based on the rogram of energisation of um sets in the lan eriod, a'ailable resources and the ultimate ground water otential. The a'erage ca acity of um sets shall be wor,ed out considering the mid.year figures for connected load and the number of um sets. The consum tion er IP set er year shall be estimated by means of re resentati'e sam le studies till all the IP sets are metered.
5.).6
The
I()<str!al Loa)s
ower re8uirements for industrial sector shall be estimated under three i. (.T. Industries4 ii. %.T. Industries with a demand of less than 1 GE4 iii. %.T. Industries with a demand of 1 GE 3 abo'e.
categories, 'i?.
The consum tion in category (i! 3 (ii! shall be on the basis of historical data duly considering the de'elo ments in future. In case of category (iii!, roDection shall be made se arately for each industrial unit on the basis of the information furnished by the industrialists and the 2e artment of Industries.
5.).:
No(0!()<str!al B<lk S<??l;

ly to non.industrial ort trusts, Gilitary Engineering
The a'ailable data regarding the consum tion of bul, su consumers such as research establishments, Ser'ices, su ly to ower these areas, shall be considered for the forecast.
roDects etc., and the robable future de'elo ments in
5.).;
Oth#r Loa)s
>or other loads, the roDections shall be based on the best Dudgement.
282 Loa) For#5ast ?ro5#)<r#

5.5.1 (oad forecasting methods using the abo'e data and rele'ant indices by ado ting one or more of the following methods a locations and re'ailing conditions shall be ado ted. &egression model4 Econometric model4 Strategic forecasting. 5.5.) In addition to the abo'e, the effects of 2emand Side Ganagement, re8uirement of ower for ending a
licable to s ecific
lications, the increase in demand due to 277
im ro'ement in the o erating fre8uency close to :0 %? shall also be estimated. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall wor, out the annual Energy 2emand and Pea, 2emand for each of the succeeding fi'e years relating to each oint of interconnection with the Transmission System on the basis of (oad forecast. 5.5.5 The di'ersity factor of each category of consumers fed from each interconnection in the area of su oint of
ly shall be wor,ed out by installation of
load sur'ey meters at selected ty ical locations. * record of such data shall be maintained and continuously u dated. The long.term load forecast for a eriod of fi'e years, based on these data shall be re ared. 5.5.6 The data boo, listing all system data relating to the 2istribution System shall be ublished. The data boo, shall be u dated e'ery year and co ies of the same shall be a'ailable to any co ying charges. 6.0 >la((!(* >ro5#)<r# system should be ca able of catering the re8uirement of all categories of consumers with a safe, reliable, economical and 8uality su ly of electricity ly as indicated in clause ).0. The 2istribution System shall conform to the statutory re8uirements of Indian Electricity *ct 1/10, Indian Electricity Su 1/// as amended from time to time. *ct 1/6=, Indian Electricity &ules 1/:; and +arnata,a Electricity &eforms *ct erson u on re8uest, on ayment of fair
6.1 The 2istribution System shall be lanned and de'elo ed in such a way that the
:.0
S#r7!5# Ar#a o@ a )!str!"<t!o( (#t:ork lied by a substation by one or more number of feeders, as re8uired. The distribution networ, fed from the 2istribution Transformers and the Substations from which the 11 +< feeders emanate shall be initially lanned as inde endent networ,s within their res ecti'e ser'ice area. >urther, where'er ossible, ro'ision shall be made for interconnection with adDacent networ,s andAor substations for an alternate su ly in case of failure. The 278
:.1 The ser'ice area of a distribution networ, is an area in which the load is su
design of distribution lines shall incor orate features to enable their augmentation in future, with minimum interru tion to e9isting right of way shall be fully e9 loited. ower su ly. The
:.) The 2istribution 3 &etail Su
ly (icensee shall ta,e suitable measures,
sufficiently in ad'ance, to augment the ca acity of the feeders in the e'ent the 'oltage regulation limit s ecified in "( ).5 is e9ceeded within the area. :.5 * ro riate software to com ute the design of the distribution networ, shall be used to obtain lowest ossible energy losses for different loading conditions for the following1 (a! (b! (c! (d! The location and the ca acity of the distribution transformers4 &outing of (< and %< networ,s4 The si?es of conductors4 The ratio of the lengths of %T and (T distribution lines for the new lines lanned shall be around 111 and the e9isting 2istribution System shall be modified in a hased manner to achie'e this ratio. (e! The 'oltage regulation limits for all loading conditions.
68;.1
>la((!(* Sta()ar)s Sta()ar)!Lat!o( o@ S!L#s a() Rat!(*s *de8uate ro'ision for future load de'elo ment shall be made while selecting the si?es of ower conductors and rating of 2istribution Transformers. The si?es of Power "onductors, Insulators, (ightning *rresters, Transformers, Switchgear, etc. used in the 2istribution System shall be standardi?ed with the obDecti'e of reducing in'entory and standard s ecifications shall be re ared.
;.) ;.).1
D#s!*( Cr!t#r!a @or D!str!"<t!o( L!(#s &adial system of distribution can be ado ted in rural areas and loo system with ro'ision for feeding from atleast one alternate source shall be ado ted in urban areas.
279
;.).)
The 11 +< and 600 < distribution lines shall be one of the following ty es according to the necessity at the re8uired area. 1. 7'er.head line with bare conductors4 ). 7'er.head line with *erial Bunched "ables4 5. Under.ground "ables.
;.).5
In thic,ly
o ulated cities, in areas ha'ing hea'y traffic densities, Under
#round "able installation shall be considered. Ehere'er a number of trees are encountered, either in residential locations or in gardens and forests, 7'er.head lines with *erial Bunched "ables shall be ado ted. In other laces 7'er.head lines with bare conductors shall be ado ted. The following standards shall be ado ted for lanning and design ur oses1 (a! The design and construction of o'er.head lines with bare conductors shall be generally in accordance with IS :;15 Part I, sections 1 and ). (b! <ertical configuration of conductors for (T distribution lines, to re'ent accidental short circuit due to gallo ing of conductors, shall referably be ado ted in rural areas since the s ans are large in such areas. (c! The ma9imum length of (T lines shall not e9ceed 0.: +G and that of 11 +< lines shall not e9ceed )0 +G and the total length of a %T line with s ur lines shall not e9ceed :0 +G subDect to 'oltage regulation limits. Irres ecti'e of the si?e of the conductor used, the normal s an between the su (*t orts shall be suitable for the highest si?e of ower conductor conductor ado ted in the 2istribution System for the articular 'oltage. resent H*"S& &abbitH is the highest si?e of used on (T and %T (ines in rural areas. The highest si?e of ower conductors used in urban areas is H*"S& "oyoteH for %T (ines and H*"S& &abbitH for (T (ines. Till such time any other higher si?e of conductor is introduced from techno.economic considerations, the ma9imum s ans a licable for these conductors shall be ado ted irres ecti'e of the si?e of conductor used.!
280
(d! The ma9imum length of 55 +< lines shall be limited to 50 +G subDect to 'oltage regulation limits. The minimum conductor si?e shall be H*"S& "oyoteH (e! The design and construction of o'er.head lines with *erial Bunched "ables shall be generally in accordance with &E" S ecifications 5) and IS 16)::. (f! The design and construction of under.ground cables shall be generally in accordance with IS 1)::. ;.).6 The line su orts can be of steel, wood, &"" or P"". The &"" and P"" oles are referred o'er the other two considering their cost and longer life. The minimum brea,ing strength of conductors shall not be less than 5:0 +#. The choice of the si?e of conductor for a line shall be made based on the following criteria1 a! Power to be transmitted and the techno.economic studies conducted for selecting the si?e of the *"S& or ***" conductor according to the cost of loss of ower and the interest and de reciation charges on the cost of the conductor thus selected4 b! c! d! e! f! (ength of (ine4 (ine <oltage4 Permissible 'oltage regulation4 Gechanical strength4 In coastal areas and other areas where se'ere corrosion is e9 ected due to hea'y rainfall andAor salinity in atmos here and theft areas, *ll *luminum *lloy "onductors (***"! only shall be used. g! The resent use of *"S& conductor shall be gradually changed to rone
***" conductor.
281
78-.1
R#l!a"!l!t; A(al;s!s The lanning of the e9tension and im ro'ement to a 2istribution System shall also ta,e into consideration the im ro'ement in reliability of ower su consumers. The &eliability indices of ower su ly to ly in the area fed by the
2istribution System before and after the im lementation of the e9tension and im ro'ement rogram shall be estimated. *t resent the information for the analysis of the reliability limits under which the distribution system is being o erated is not a'ailable due to inade8uate data. The lanning of the distribution system shall also ta,e into consideration the im ro'ement in reliability and efforts should be made to collect the data in this regard. -.) The following reliability indices shall be com uted1 I. "ustomer *'erage Interru tion duration Inde9 ("*I2I!1 . This inde9 is the a'erage duration of an interru tion of su e9 eriences the interru tions of su ly for a consumer, who ly annually. This inde9 can be
calculated for a station or a s ecified area as follows1 (a! >or the Transmission (icensee@s Transmission (ine failure1 Sum of roduct of number of consumers affected from each feeder emanating from the stations in the ser'ice area affected by the failure of the Transmission (ine and the duration of interru tion to each of them "*I2IF .................................................................................... Total number of consumers in the ser'ice area (b! >or the 2istribution (icensee@s feeder failure1 Sum of roduct of number of consumers affected from each ly and the duration of interru tion to
feeder emanating from the stations affected in the ser'ice area by the failure of ower su each of them "*I2IF ............................................................................................ Total number of consumers in the ser'ice area
282
II.System *'erage Interru tion >re8uency Inde9 (S*I>I!1 . This inde9 is the a'erage number of interru tions of su ly that a consumer e9 eriences annually. This is calculated in the similar manner as abo'e e9ce t that instead of duration of interru tions, the number of interru tions shall be used. -.5 The following >actors, which affect reliability indices, shall be considered subDect to a'ailability of data1 Gomentary incoming su ly failures
Gomentary interru tions on 55 and 11 +< feeders Brea,down on (T feeders Prearranged shutdowns on lines and feeders Blowing out of 2istribution Transformer fuses Indi'idual fuse off calls
18- Sta()ar)!Lat!o( o@ )#s!*( o@ D!str!"<t!o( Tra(s@or #rs =.1 The design of distribution transformers shall be standardi?ed. *s an initial ste , the 'arious technical arameters re8uired for the design shall be incor orated in the s ecifications based on the e9 erience on erformance gained among the 'arious designs so far ado ted. (ater, standard designs of the transformers and their detailed construction drawings shall be e'ol'ed based on the erformance of these transformers. These shall be ado ted for future rocurement. This also ensures the interchangeability of com onents of similar transformers manufactured by any manufacturer. =.) * good 8uality assurance lan shall be aimed at the following1 (i! (ii! (iii! (i'! #ood 8uality of raw materials4 Ruality control during manufacturing and routine tests4 *cce tance tests at the time of ta,ing deli'ery4 Ins ection and tests on transformers recei'ed at stores on random sam ling4 ('! Stri test on one transformer in a lot selected at random. The
transformer should be com letely dismantled. The 8uality of core,

283
coil, insulation etc hysically ins ected and sam les of insulation and other com onents used etc., tested. /.0 /.1 Sta()ar)!Lat!o( o@ s<"0stat!o( la;o<ts The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall de'elo standard layouts to fulfil the minimum re8uirements detailed below1 (i! The layout shall generally be de'elo ed as er the re8uirements of site and system conditions and the orientation of transmission and distribution lines with sco e for e9tension where'er necessary. The bus bars and the minimum clearances ado ted shall be as er the following standards and manuals and the ro'isions of Indian Electricity &ules, 1/:;. 1. BS 1;) X Electrical ower switchgear and associated a ). BS 1:/ X Bus bar and bus bar connections. 5. I.S. 5-1; X * lication guide for insulation co.ordination. 6. ".B.I.P. Ganual on Substation (ayouts. :. &.E.". Standards on 55 +< and 11 +< Substations. The latest technology in the field and the feed bac, from the e9 erience gained shall be ado ted. (ii! 55A11+< Substation (10 G<* and abo'e but less than )0 G<*! The layout ado ted shall include the following1 1. Inde endent circuit brea,er control of 55 +< feeders and transformers. ). 5. (iii! Inde endent circuit brea,er control of each 11 +< feeder. Sectionali?ed single bus. aratus.
55A11 +< Substation ((ess than 10 G<*! The layout ado ted shall include the following1 1. ). 5. #rou circuit brea,er for transformers. Inde endent circuit brea,er control of 11 +< feeders. Single bus. 284
(i'!
11 +<A 600 < X 5 Phase 2istribution Transformer centers. a. Transformers u to ):0 +<* ca acity other than those meant for indoor a b. lication shall normally be ole mounted.
The layout of distribution transformer centres shall generally conform to rele'ant &E" "onstruction Standards and the ro'isions of Indian Electricity &ules, 1/:;.
c.
The distribution transformers shall be located close to the electrical load center of the loads fed by it as far as ossible.
d.
The distribution transformers abo'e ):0 +<* shall be mounted.
linth
e.
G""Bs of suitable rating shall be ro'ided on the secondary side of the transformers abo'e 100 +<*. >use units of suitable rating shall be ro'ided for transformers u to and including 100 +<*. %&" fuses are to be ro'ided where'er the short circuit le'el is high.
f.
Ehere'er the 600A)50.<olt 2istribution (ines ass through thic,ly o ulated residential areas and roads with hea'y traffic, Earth (ea,age "ircuit Brea,ers of a ro riate rating shall be ro'ided to the secondary circuits of the 2istribution Transformers.
g.
Suitable measures shall be ta,en sufficiently in ad'ance, to augment the ca acity of the feeders and installation of additional transformer centers in the e'ent the s ecified 'oltage regulation limits are e9ceeded.
/.) *ll the 55 +< and 11 +< feeders shall be
ro'ided with load sur'ey meters
ha'ing a memory ca acity of 6: days, with 1:A50 minutes inter'al logging.
285
.-810.1
R#a5t!7# 5o ?#(sat!o( Shunt ca acitors unswitchedAswitched ty e, shall be installed at the a ro riate laces in the 2istribution System for Power >actor im ro'ement, maintaining satisfactory 'oltage rofile and reduction of sub.transmission and 2istribution (osses. The si?e and location of the ca acitor installations shall be determined using an a ro riate rogram, with reliable field data. Suitable recautionary measures, such as automatic switching etc., shall be ado ted to a'oid o'er 'oltages at light load eriods.
10.)
7 timi?ation studies of shunt com ensation shall be conducted by the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee to determine the most a ro riate si?es and locations for shunt ca acitor installations. The formulae to be used in such studies, whene'er done manually, are included in *nne9e.B.
11.0 11.1
S#r7!5#
a!(s
The ser'ice mains to consumers shall be laid in accordance with rele'ant &E" "onstruction Standards for )50 < single hase and 600 < three hase su ly and shall conform to the ro'isions of Indian Electricity &ules, 1/:; in all cases.
1).0 1).1
M#t#r!(* C<"!5l#s The metering for )50 < single. hase su ly shall be ro'ided on a suitable board, located in such a lace rotected from sun and rain and shall be in a con'enient osition for ta,ing readings. The terminals of the meter shall be made tam er. roof and sealed. >or 600 <olts three hase su ly, the meters and associated metering e8ui ment including connections shall be enclosed in a suitable tam er. roof bo9. The tam er. roof bo9 shall be of sufficient strength and design with loc,ing and sealing de'ices and shall ha'e ade8uate ro'ision for heat dissi ation with the re8uired electrical clearances. The design shall ermit readings to be ta,en without access to the meter or its connections.
1).)
>or %T "onsumers the meters, ma9imum demand indicators, and secondary connections, shall be housed in a se arate com artment and other secondary
286
aratus such as instrument transformers and connections re8uired shall be
housed in a se arate metering com artment, which shall be loc,ed A sealed to re'ent tam ering. 1).5 The %T metering cubicle shall be suitable for cable entry on both sides or at least on one side. $o fuses are e o9y ermitted in the secondary circuits of the instrument transformers. The metering cubicle shall be ainted with suitable aint for installation in coastal areas and other areas e9 eriencing hea'y rainfall. The instrument transformers shall be of fi9ed ratio and shall not ha'e any ta s. The rimary current rating of the current transformers shall match with the normal full load current and the saturation oint of the core shall be higher than the ma9imum current that may occur due to simultaneous full load o eration of all the connected e8ui ment and machinery. 1).6 >or E%T consumers, the secondary terminals of the instrument transformers shall be loc,ed and sealed and the secondary wires brought out in a suitable #I conduit i e u to the metering anel. There shall be no screwed Doints in the i es and the Doints, if any, shall be welded. The meters shall be as close to the instrument transformers as ossible and in no case shall e9ceed ten (10! metres. The metering tam er roof bo9 and sealed. .28S#5<r!t; Sta()ar)s The &etail Su ly System shall be lanned and maintained so as to fulfill the ly (icensee. following security standards e9ce t under >orce GaDeure conditions beyond the reasonable control of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su 15.1 anel shall be housed in a weather roof and
The feeders, either %T or (T, feeding im ortant loads such as %os itals, "rematoria, *ir orts, &ailway Stations, and the li,e shall be lanned to ha'e a selecti'e switching system, so that selecti'e switching can be o erated to transfer the load on to an alternate healthy feeder. * ro riate safety recautions shall in'ariably be ta,en in this regard. In case of failure of the feeder, these switches shall be o erated immediately either manually or automatically de ending on the im ortance of the load.
287
15.)
The
feeders
connected
to
im ortant
industries
li,e
Information
Technology,
rimarily based on com uter a
lications which are 'ery lanned to ha'e
sensiti'e to interru tion of e'en short duration shall be su 15.5 a 15.6 ly.
automatic switcho'er to an alternate healthy feeder in case of failure of
(oading in any current carrying com onent of the 2istribution System (e.g. "onductors, Doints, transformers, switchgear, cables and other aratus! shall not e9ceed -:O of their res ecti'e thermal limit. The ru turing ca acity of the switchgear em loyed in the system shall ha'e at least ):O more ca acity than the short circuit le'el com uted e'en considering the antici ated future de'elo ment of the system.
15.:
Pro'ision shall be made to e'ery feeder, either rimary or secondary, to manually switch o'er to the immediately a'ailable feeder of the same 'oltage class a'ailable in the 'icinity. Pro'ision shall be made in the design itself for any feeder to share at least :0O of the loads in the adDacent feeder during emergencies.
15.;
In case of single contingency failure of any substation e8ui ment controlling any outgoing 11+< feeder, the load interru ted shall not generally e9ceed :0O of the total demand on the substation. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee has to bring it down to )0O within a eriod of three years. There shall be at least two number of transformers of similar rating in e'ery substation with secondary 'oltage of 11+<.
15.-
15.=
In e'ery substation of ca acity 10 G<* and abo'e there shall be a ro'ision for obtaining alternate 55 +< su failure in the incoming su ly. ly to the substation in case of a
288
15./
The design of the 2istribution System shall accommodate the arrangements in such a way that the electricity su ly need not be interru ted for more than )6 hours in case of brea,down of any distribution transformer. Similarly in case of failure of 11 +< feeders including terminal e8ui ment, the design shall accommodate an arrangement for the ower su interru ted for more than )6 hours. ANNE=E0A ly not to be
"alculation of Power loss and <oltage dro . The ower loss and 'oltage dro of a short line may be calculated by the following formulae1 Power (oss1 EF IZ & Ehere E F Power loss er ,m er conductor in watts, I F (ine current in am eres, and & F ac resistance er ,m er conductor of the line in ohms. <oltage 2ro 1 >or single hase lines, U F ) ( I& "os P I\ Sin ! , and >or three. hase lines, U F 5 ( I& "os P I\ Sin ! Ehere U F 'oltage dro er ,m in 'olts, I F line current in am eres, & F ac resistance er ,m er conductor of the line in ohms, F *ngle of leadAlag in degrees, and \ F reactance er ,m er conductor of the line in ohms.
289
ANNE=E B &ating of "a acitor re8uired1 +<*& F +<*1 KSin `1 . ("os `1 A "os `)! Sin `)M Ehere +<*& F amount of ca acitance to be added to im ro'e the ower factor from "os `1 to "os `). +<*1 F 7riginal +<* 7 timum location of ca acitors1 ( F K1 X (+<*&" A) +<*&(!()n.1!M Ehere (F distance in er unit along the line from substation +<*&" F Si?e of ca acitor ban, +<*&( F +<*& loading of the line. n F relati'e osition of the ca acitor ban, along the feeder from substation if the total ca acitance is to be di'ided into more than one ban, along the line. If all ca acitance is ut in one ban, then the 'alue of n F 1. <oltage rise due to ca acitor installation O &ise F +<*&". \ A 10 <Z Ehere \ F &eactance er hase < F Phase to hase 'oltage in +< CCC
290
D>COM 0 ' D!str!"<t!o( S;st# Co(str<5t!o(, O?#rat!o( a() Ma!(t#(a(5# Sta()ar)
291
1.0 G#(#ral This standard is for the construction, o eration and maintenance of the (icenseeBs 2istribution System to ensure safety, reliability and efficiency with ma9imum security. '8).1
Co(str<5t!o( ?ra5t!5#
The construction of the distribution lines shall be carried out strictly as er the following Indian Standards1 i! ii! IS -5)1 X "ode of ractice for selection, handling and erection of concrete oles for o'erhead ower and telecommunication lines. IS :;15 . "ode of ractice for design, installation and maintenance of o'erhead ower lines . Part 1 . (ines u to and including 11 +< . Section ) . Installation and maintenance.
iii! IS :;15 . "ode of ractice for design, installation and maintenance of o'erhead ower and telecommunication lines . Part ) (ines abo'e 11 +< and u to and including ))0 +< . Section ). Installation and maintenance. i'! IS 1):: . "ode of ractice for installation and maintenance of Power "ables (u to and including 55 +<!. '! IS 16):: . *erial Bunched "ables for wor,ing 'oltages u to and including 1100 <olts.
'i! &E" S ecification no 5) . *erial Bunched "ables for wor,ing 'oltage u to and including 1100 'olts. 'ii! IS.5065 "ode of ractice for earthing. ).) *s mentioned in item (iii! abo'e, the installation ractices of "oncrete Poles for 55 +< lines shall be similar to that of 11 +< lines. ).5 The 'erticality of oles shall be maintained within reasonable limits of
tolerance by concreting of foundation from the bottom u to 1:0mm abo'e the lanting de th in all the ty es of soil conditions at anchor locations, cut oints and transformer centers and all other locations where'er necessary. These shall be suitably designed for the from the foot of the articular soil condition and in any case to 1:0mm abo'e the lanting shall not be less than 6:0mm96:0mm with a mi9 of ratio 11)16 commencing ole and e9tending u
292
de th. In addition, it may be desirable to concrete e'ery fourth ole in non. cohesi'e soil. ).6 *fter the oles are erected and soil bac, filled and well com acted and after the first monsoon, the foundation shall be ins ected and bac, filled if necessary. ).: >or (T lines, the conductors may be of hori?ontal configuration or 'ertical configuration. Preference shall be gi'en to 'ertical configuration. The hase conductors in hori?ontal configuration should be run on configuration, the insulators may be fi9ed on the other suitable clam s. ).; Ehere'er mid.s an clashing of conductors is e9 ected due to e9cessi'e winds, une'en or e9cessi'e sagging, use of fairly longer s ans, etc., s acers conforming to &E" standard )/ shall be in'ariably used on (T lines. >or tying the ower conductors on in insulators, the to groo'e tie for tangent locations and the side groo'e tie for angle locations conforming to &E" construction standards ".5 and ".6 shall be used. >or dead end locations, strain insulator hardware consisting of helically formed dead.end fitting, "le'es thimble and cross.arm stra with bolts as er &E" construction standard ".: along with disc insulators shall be used. ).The conductors of 11 +< and 55 +< lines shall be arranged in delta formation generally by lacing the to conductor on to of the ole on an insulator with a brac,et clam and lacing the bottom conductors on insulators mounted on a suitable cross arm. ).= To ro'ide for the ossibility of conductor brea,age in a street or ublic lace a continuous o'erhead earth wire is to be ro'ided on the oles along the line. Suitable <.guards or earth guard stirru s are to be when the line runs across the street. Should a line sna
in or shac,le
insulators. The neutral conductors may be run on reel insulators. >or 'ertical ole by use of 2.ty e or
ro'ided on each or fall down for 293
ole when the line runs along the street and cradle guards are to be ro'ided
whate'er reason, it should ma,e contact with these earth guards and cause the o'erload de'ice, whether a fuse or a circuit brea,er, to cut off the su and render the line harmless. )./ In case of hori?ontal configuration, the earth wire may be run on cast iron ,nob mounted directly on the cross arm. >or 'ertical configuration, the earth wire may be run directly on the 2.clam . ).10 "orrect ca acity fuses shall be ro'ided and maintained in good condition at all distribution transformer centers as er the following table. T*B(E 1.Tinned "o er >use Eire Si?es for Pole Gounted Transformers. >use Si?e SE# "urrent >use Si?e &ating (T SE# Side 5= 5; am s Protection +its u to 100 +<* ;5 +<* 5.51 am s 5: /1 am s 100 +<* :.): am s 55 166 am s ):0 +<* 15.15 am s )5 5;0 am s ) of 1: 500 +<* 1:.-: am s )5 655 am s G""Bs ):0*.) nos. :00 +<* );.)6 am s )0 -)) am s G""Bs ):0*.6 $os. ).11 S are fuses, of all the re8uired si?es, shall be made a'ailable with all the linemen in.charge of maintenance along with their tool,its and these should be rom tly re lenished as and when they ha'e been used for re lacement to a'oid use of im ro er fuses by them. ).1) The cross.arms shall be ermanently and efficiently earthed. The continuous earth wire shall be securely clam ed to each su ort and connected with earth at four oints in e'ery +G. The mechanical connectors of line.tra s at the conductor end of the earth connection should be solidly bolted down to the metal arts of the cross arms and su orts using suitable washers after the surface has been emeried to remo'e all rust and aint. ).15 It is not enough to ha'e a good earth connection initially at the time of erection of the line, but it should also be maintained ro erly. "a acity of "urrent Transformer &ating 11 +< side ): +<* 1.51 am s ly
294
).16
Each stay wire shall be similarly earthed unless an insulator has been inserted in it at the to .
).1:
Earthing shall be in accordance with IS 5065 "ode of ractice for earthing. The minimum length of ground electrode shall be ):00 mm. The diameter of the ground electrode shall be at least 60 mm for #I i es or )0 mm for #I rods as er &E" "onstruction Standards V.). In all 55 +< substations, only cast iron i es shall be used for earth electrodes.
).1;
The following table s ecifies the minimum si?e of earth wires to be used for earthing of the neutral oint of the 2istribution transformers1
T*B(E ) Transformer &ating. :0 +<* below -: +<* 100 +<* 1:0 +<* )00 +<* ):0 +<* 500 +<* :00 +<* ).1Insulated P<" single aluminum conductor. and 1; s8.mm. ): s8.mm. 5: s8.mm. -0 s8.mm /: s8.mm. 1:0 s8.mm. )): s8.mm. 500 s8.mm. core stranded
The following table s ecifies the minimum si?e of earth lead to be used for e8ui ment earthing, such as transformers, motors, generators, switchgear etc.
T*B(E 5
295
&ating of 600 < Si?e of P<" insulated 5 hase :0 %? e8ui ment earthing conductor. in +<*. U to : ; s8.mm. ; to 1: 1; s8.mm. 1; to :0 1; s8.mm. :1 to -: ): s8.mm. -; to 100 5: s8.mm. 101 to 1): :0 s8.mm. 1); to 1:0 -0 s8.mm. 1:1 to )00 -0 s8.mm. )01 and abo'e 1=: s8.mm. ).1=
*luminum
The 'oltage gradient at the earth electrode at the transformer center may attain sufficiently high 'alue during hea'y flow of ground currents and become dangerous to cattle and human life. To eliminate the ossibility of danger, the to of the earth electrode shall be buried below earth surface and the connecting lead should be insulated. The to of the earth electrode shall be at least 500 mm below the surface of the soil as er clause 11.) of IS 50655.
T*B(E 6
It sho<l) "# (ot#) that th# a4! < 7olta*# *ra)!#(t o7#r a s?a( o@ ' #t#rs a)Ia5#(t to a ', )!a #t#r #l#5tro)# !s r#)<5#) @ro 1,O o@ th# total #l#5tro)# ?ot#(t!al :h#( th# to? !s at *ro<() l#7#l to '- a() , ?#r5#(t :h#( !t !s "<r!#) at -82 a() .8- #t#r r#s?#5t!7#l;.
296
Sl.$ Particulars o. a! Ginimum height of any conductor of an o'erhead line across any street. Ginimum height of any conductor of an o'erhead line along any street. Ginimum height of any conductor (bare! of an o'erhead line erected elsewhere. Ginimum height of any insulated conductor of an o'erhead line erected elsewhere. Ginimum clearance of o'erhead conductor from buildings.
>or (T >or 11 +< lines(Gtr! (ines (Gtr! :.= ;.1
>or 55 +< (ines (Gtr! ;.6
b!
:.:
:.=
;.1
6.;
6.;
:.)
c! d!
6.0
6.0
6.0
e!
5.: ().:!C ('ertical! 1.= (1.)!C (hori?ont al!
6.:(5.-!C ('ertical! 1.=(1.)!C (hori?ontal!
6.:(5.-!C ('ertical! ).:().0!C (hori?on tal!
).1/
Earth electrodes, other than those used for earthing of the fence itself, should not be installed in the ro9imity of the metal fence, to a'oid the ossibility of the fence becoming li'e and thus rendering it dangerous.
).)0
The street lighting
osts with underground cables re8uire a great deal of
attention due to the fact that many times these cables are connected at lower le'els to the insulated wires coming from street lights. * fuse bo9 for the hase wire shall be fitted and ro erly maintained at these connections. The fuse bo9 shall be ro'ided with a hinged door, which shall be ,e t closed and loc,ed from access to maintained. It is inaccessible height. ).)1 The ole mounted distribution transformers shall not be accessible to the ublic and shall be eriodically ins ected and ro'ided at an referable that these fuse bo9es are
ublic easily. 2anger boards shall be in'ariably ro'ided.

297
).))
Suitable 2anger boards and anti.climbing de'ices shall be ro'ided on the oles at locations accessible for human a mar,et laces etc. roach such as school remises,
).)5
The ma9imum s an along any street in towns and cities shall not be more than 60 meters. In road crossings, the oles shall be installed on either side of the road and suitable guarding shall be ro'ided.
).)6
The minimum clearances from any conductor of an o'erhead line from ground and buildings at different laces shall be maintained is indicted in Table 6. These clearances are the minimum clearances at the lowest oint4 i.e. at mid s an under worst conditions, i.e. when sag is ma9imum at highest conductor tem erature. In actual ractice, howe'er, it is referable to allow a further safety margin of 0.; meters.
).): ).);
Bare wires shall not be terminated on a building. * ta ing can be made only at the oint of su ort. To ensure good contact,
only good 8uality connectors,
referably crim ed connectors shall only be
used. Twisted Doints shall be a'oided. ).)>uses along with isolators shall be ro'ided to isolate different arts of the distribution system. (ightning arresters shall be ro'ided on the 11 +< and 55 +< lines at e8ui ments. ).)= The entire edestal mounted e8ui ment such as distribution transformers, rotected by loc,ing the doors andAor ro'iding a suitable laces where the lines terminate for connections to the
switchgear, and distribution bo9es etc. installed in streets and accessible to ublic shall be fence with gate where'er ossible. I2*$#E&J Boards shall be rominently dis layed on the fence and e8ui ment. ).)/ >or the safety of telecommunication lines at locations where the o'erhead ower line may cross o'er the same, the recommendations laid down in the code of ractice of the Power and Telecommunication "o.ordination "ommittee shall be followed. The detailed drawing of the arrangement at
298
crossings with telecommunication lines as furnished in &E" standards V6 and V: shall be followed. ).50 Ehen erecting o'erhead where'er ower lines, the conductors of the same shall
ossible, be arranged to cross o'er (not below! the e9isting
tele hone or telegra h lines. >or any s ecial cases where it would not be con'enient or economical to remo'e the e9isting tele hone or telegra h them wires and erect below the ower wires, s ecial guarding arrangements of suitable design shall be ro'ided. Ehere a tele hone or telegra h line asses under a high 'oltage aerial line on sus ension insulators, the rotecti'e guarding arrangements shall not be erected using the ower line su orts. * se arate guard shall be located not less than two meters abo'e the tele hone or the telegra h line. This shall consist of two hori?ontal stranded solid gal'ani?ed steel conductors with additional hori?ontal conductors at the sides where necessary to re'ent a bro,en ower conductor from coming into contact with the tele hone or telegra h line conductor. This arrangement shall be made in such a way that the bro,en ower conductor is earthed for sufficient duration and ensure the ower circuit being tri ossible at right angles. 28O?#rat!o(al Cr!t#r!a The o erational "riteria com rise of1 1. ). 5. 6. :. ;. -. 38Loa) (oad monitoring (oad balancing <oltage monitoring and control 2ata logging (oad management "ommunication Safety coordination o(!tor!(* ed out by automatic rotecti'e de'ices. The crossing ower lines shall be as nearly as of tele hone or telegra h lines under
299
6.1 Station (og Sheets and &egisters for Station o erations duly recording the hourly readings of the meters such as current, load, 'oltage etc., and the station o erations shall be maintained at each station. * se arate register for the daily energy meter readings for both the energy recei'ed and energy sent out shall be maintained along with the abo'e. ,8Loa) "ala(5!(* :.1 The unbalanced load on the (T side of the distribution transformers shall not e9ceed 10O of the ea, load. :.) The secondary currents and 'oltages of the distribution transformers shall be recorded at least once a month during e9 ected ea, load hours on all the hases. 68Eolta*# o(!tor!(* a() 5o(trol ;.1 The <oltage monitoring at each substation feeding 11 +< distribution system shall be carried out by data logging. ;.) The <oltage monitoring on the (T side of the distribution transformers shall be carried out at least once a wee, during ea, load hours to co'er at least two numbers of transformers in each 11 +< feeder as follows1 (a! 7ne Transformer at the beginning of the feeder. (b! 7ne Transformer at the tail end of the feeder. ;.5 Im ro'ement to 'oltage conditions shall be achie'ed by o erating 7(T" where'er a'ailable in 55 A11 +< substations and by contacting o'er tele hone the o erators of Transmission (icensee at the re8uired. 78Data Lo**!(* -.1 *ll.im ortant data such as <oltage, "urrent, Power factor, +E, Transformer data such as ta osition, oilAwinding tem erature, etc shall be logged on hourly basis in all substations feeding distribution lines. oint of interconnection, to correct <oltage at the sending end whene'er
300
-.)
The following records among others shall be maintained at each station1 a! 7 eration and maintenance manuals for the e8ui ment and the entire station consisting of the details of o eration of the station and maintenance of e8ui ment, b! Gaintenance registers for the e8ui ments and station batteries, c! Interru tion &egisters, d! (ine "learance &egister, e! E8ui ment registers. -.5 * detailed analysis of the abo'e data shall be made to assess the erformance of the e8ui ments, o'erloading conditions and the necessity for maDor maintenance.
18-
Loa)
a(a*# #(t artial blac, outs of transmission system or ly (icensee shall follow
=.1 In the e'ent of total or
regional system, the 2istribution 3 &etail Su normalcy.
rocedures as laid down in the 2IST&IBUTI7$ "72E for restoring
=.) In the e'ent of brea, down within its own system, the 2istribution and &etail Su ly (icensee shall restoreA maintain su ly within the limits s ecified in the security standards by ta,ing a %8Co /.1 <(!5at!o( The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall establish reliable communication facilities such as >a9, E.mail, etc., at maDor substations. *ll o erating instructions, messages and data recei'ed from or sent to the concerned grid substations and (oad 2is atch "enters shall be duly recorded at the substations. .-8Sa@#t; 5oor)!(at!o( 10.1 The 2istribution 3 &etail Su for construction, installation,
ro riate measures.
ly (icensee and the consumers shall abide rotection, o eration and maintenance of 301
by the general safety re8uirements of the Indian Electricity &ules, 1/:;
electric su
ly lines and a
aratus, and the rocedures laid down in the ly
rele'ant 2IST&IBUTI7$ "72E. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su 2istribution System issued se arately. 10.) The 2istribution 3 &etail Su the
(icensee and the consumers shall also follow the Safety Standards for
ly (icensee and the consumers shall abide by
ro'isions of I.E.&ules, 1/:; under "ha ter <II I(lectric supply lines2
6ystems and $pparatus for high and e7tra high voltages.J 10.5 The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall de'elo safety manuals
to meet the safety standards issued. 11.0 Ma!(t#(a(5# 11.1 The 2istribution 3 &etail Su manuals and wor, done as ly (icensee, for the guidance of the re are suitable maintenance o eration and maintenance staff shall
rograms for the 'arious com onents of the distribution er schedule, the details of faults, malfunctions etc.,
system. Pro er records shall be ,e t duly u dating the maintenance encountered in the lines and e8ui ment during the eriod, the remedial action ta,en, etc., for each com onent of the distribution system. 11.) The following maintenance1 a. The ability of the system to meet the robable o'er.loading due to transfer of loads from the adDacent systems during emergencies. b. c. d. The 8uality of the materials used. Trained and ade8uately e8ui ed maintenance staff. re.re8uisites shall be first ensured for the satisfactory
Schedule of maintenance for each com onent of the system.
11.5 The maintenance wor, shall consist of routine ins ection, cleaning, testing and adDustments, if any re8uired and is different from the wor,
302
carried out after a brea, down of any e8ui ment in ser'ice, for restoring the same to the wor,ing condition, which cannot be lanned in ad'ance. 11.6 The maintenance schedules drawn shall co'er the following1 i. ii. iii. ..8, I(s?#5t!o( This shall include the eriodical ins ection in ser'ice for a chec, on the condition of the e8ui mentsAlines in ser'ice to 'erify the faults and defects that may de'elo during its o eration so that ad'ance action can be ta,en to rectify the defects in a lanned manner and re'ent brea,downs. ..86 >r#7#(t!7# a!(t#(a(5# Ins ection Pre'enti'e maintenance 7'erhauls
This shall co'er the eriodical wor, including tests re8uired to determine the electrical and mechanical strengths to ascertain the suitability in ser'ice and ensure ro er wor,ing condition. The schedule drawn shall be on the basis of data obtained from ins ection and maintenance chec,s, gi'ing riority to the troubles encountered during normal o eration of the line or e8ui ment. ..87 O7#rha<ls This shall co'er the e8ui ment based re'enti'e maintenance wor, to be done on the on the ast e9 erience and manufacturers@
recommendations and in'ol'es maDor disassembly of the e8ui ments. The schedule drawn shall be based on the normal life e9 ectancy of the e8ui ment or data obtained from ins ection and maintenance chec,s. The maintenance schedules shall be drawn for all the following com onents of the distribution system se arately1 i. Power transformers and distribution transformers of :00 +<* and abo'e.
303
ii. iii.
Pole mounted distribution transformers and ca acitors. 55 and 11 +< circuit brea,ers along with all the associated switchgear.
i'. '. 'i.
(T circuit brea,ers. Pole mounted auto.reclosers. 55 and 11 +< distribution lines including #.7.S.
'ii. (T lines including switches and fuses. 'iii. Ser'ice connections. 11.= Effecti'e maintenance wor, shall be ensured ,ee ing the following guidelines for the efficient wor,ing of the distribution system and for re'enting accidents that may arise due to failure of any of the com onents. 1. The distribution lines shall be ins ected thoroughly before and after the rainy season. ). The defects noticed during ins ection should be rectified at the time of ins ection itself if they are of minor nature, whene'er and where'er ossible. In case of such of the defects, which cannot be rectified easily, the same ha'e to be attended to at the earliest chal,ing out a rogram in ad'ance. 5. If abnormal conditions such as e9cessi'e heating or arcing or rohibiti'ely low clearances etc., are obser'ed, the e8ui ment or the line shall be immediately disconnected and rectification of defects carried out. 6. Ganufacturers@ instructions shall always be gi'en due consideration and im lemented. ossible occasion duly
304
:. * continuous record of all the test results shall be maintained. ;. * ro riate ins ectionAmaintenance chec,sAhistory sheets shall be
maintained containing details of all ins ection and maintenance wor, done. -. *ll the re8uired safety recautionsAsafety de'ices shall be used while
carrying out the maintenance wor,s. =. The maintenance schedule shall be 2istribution and &etail Su ade8uate maintenance, interru tions. eriodically re'iewed by the
ly (icensee in the light of re'ious e9 erience re'ention of accidents and reduction in
and u dated to include all ossible im ro'ements re8uired for ensuring
11./ O@@0s5h#)<l# !(s?#5t!o(s

Ins ections of the following nature shall be carried out to maintain the system at the re8uired le'el of reliability in o eration. i. S ecial ins ections1 These shall be made immediately after se'ere weather conditions, such as hea'y windstorms, thunderstorms and rains to detect any damage or brea,age of oles, insulators, conductors andAor e8ui ment, and necessary action ta,en.
ii. Emergency ins ections1 These shall be carried out on a line during its
brea,down, to locate and identify the cause of trouble as early as ossible in order to restore the ower su ly.
iii. >ollow u ins ections1 Ehene'er one or more short time interru tions are noticed which may ha'e ta,en lace due to tem orary faults, the ins ection shall be carried out to locate and identify the cause of interru tions and suitable maintenance action shall be ta,en whene'er and where'er necessary.
305
i'. "hec, ins ections1 The designated engineer in charge of the distribution system shall ma,e these ins ections eriodically as a chec, on the conditions of the line and e8ui ment and the efficacy of maintenance. %e shall oint out such defects, which might not ha'e been noticed by the maintenance staff in the first instance.
CCCCCCC
306
D>COM 0 2
SAFETY STANDARDS FOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM .8S5o?#
307
1.1
This standard aims at ensuring safety for the general ublic from the ha?ards of electric shoc,, which may be caused in the 2istribution System. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su Safety Ganual shall be as ects and safety ly (icensee shall re are his own Safety Ganual based on these standards for his internal use. The re ared in such a way that all the re8uired rocedures to be followed are co'ered in a
com lete manner without in'iting reference to any other codes or standards. The Safety Ganual shall also laydown fool roof rocedure for issue of necessary ermits and clearances to the Engineer in charge of construction andAor maintenance see,ing such designated em loyees for each substation ermits. The or sub.
transmissionAdistribution line authori?ed to issue and recei'e such ermits shall be notified from time to time. 1.) &e orting of *ccidents1 E'ery case where a erson recei'es an electric shoc,, whether mild or serious or suffers an inDury or burn, directly or indirectly due to electrical causes should be treated as an &'(')*+,)-( -)),.'/*0. The concerned Durisdictional engineer of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall re ort the same immediately to the 2e uty Electrical Ins ector in charge of the area within )6 hours. * co y shall also be sent to the "hief Electrical Ins ector to the #o'ernment of +arnata,a. The designated officer of the Electrical Ins ectorate should reach the s ot immediately and assess the situation and robable cause of the accident, losses if any to consumers, and the e8ui ment of the (icensee. This should be followed by a detailed re ort within 6= hours whene'er an accident occurs resulting in or li,ely to ha'e resulted in loss of life of a human being or an animal. The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee and the Electrical Ins ector shall ta,e all other statutorily re8uired actions, such as re orting to the olice etc. 1.5 *n en8uiry should be conducted into e'ery electrical accident. It should be com leted with the least ossible delay, in any case, not e9ceeding fifteen days to guard against the disa ossibility of destruction or resented, to esca e earance of material e'idence being
308
res onsibility. It should be a searching
robe to unco'er the root
causes of the accident, which some times are 8uite difficult to ascertain. The en8uiry should not only fi9 res onsibility for the accident, but it is more im ortant, to s ell out ste s to be ta,en to re'ent such accidents in future. '8- Sa@#t; to *#(#ral ?<"l!5 ).0 *ccidents can occur in the 2istribution System due to the following causes, which may result in inDury to ublic. a! >ailure of 2istribution line su im ro er erection. b! Sna orts either due to sub.standard 8uality or
ing of o'erhead bare conductors.
c! Im ro er earthing at 2istribution Transformer centers and of the earth wire at certain line su orts along the 2istribution lines. d! Inade8uate clearances between o'erhead conductors and ground or buildings. e! $on.obser'ance of Safety &ules, and abuse of the com onents of the 2istribution System. ).1 The guidelines indicated in this section, if adhered to, will minimi?e accidents in the 2istribution system and ensure safety to ublic to the ma9imum e9tent ossible. 28- A5t!o(s "; L!5#(s## 5.1 The construction and maintenance of the distribution lines shall be strictly carried out as er the H2istribution System "onstruction, 7 eration and Gaintenance StandardH issued se arately. The accidents can be minimi?ed if the construction and maintenance of the 2istribution System is carried out in accordance with the H2istribution System "onstruction, 7 eration and Gaintenance StandardH issued se arately. Ehere'er the e9isting System does not meet any of the re8uirements of this standard, the same should be rectified to meet the re8uirements of this standard, in a hased manner within a s ecified time.
309
5.)
*s far as racticable the ole mounted transformers shall not be located near mar,et laces, schools and such remises of ublic congregation.
5.5
Ehere'er the 2istribution Transformers are installed indoors andAor in restricted laces susce tible for fire ha?ards, dry ty e transformers shall be installed to re'ent s reading of fire. >or the same reasons, 7il "ircuit Brea,ers shall not be used in such laces.
5.6
*ll the e8ui ment and conductors shall ha'e sufficient rating to carry the estimated ma9imum load currents continuously and also short circuit currents. They shall ha'e sufficient mechanical strength re8uired for the duty, which they may be re8uired to erform under the en'ironmental conditions of rotected, wor,ed and installation, and shall be constructed, installed, and ro erty.
maintained in such a manner as to ensure safety to human beings, animals
5.:
The following recautions shall be ta,en by the 2istribution 3 &etail Su installed in ublic laces, along or across the roads and other
ly
(icensee, where'er the electrical e8ui ments of the 2istribution System are laces accessible to the ublic1 (a! The e8ui ments, such as 2istribution Transformer centers, "ircuit Brea,ers etc., shall be ro'ided with barricades. (b! The li'e arts shall not be easily accessible to the ublic. (c! The grounding ro'ided for the e8ui ment and (ines shall be in
accordance with IS 5065 . "ode of Practice for Earthing. The earth resistance shall not e9ceed 10 ohms. It is not enough to ha'e a good earth connection at the time of construction, but it should also be maintained in a sound and healthy state at all times. The earth wires and the earth electrodes ro'ided in the 2istribution System shall be maintained in good condition to ensure instantaneous o eration of the Protecti'e E8ui ment, either a >use or a "ircuit Brea,er as the case may be, in case of accidental sna in the o eration of the sna ing of conductor. In case of failure rotecti'e system during any accidental
ing of conductors, the circuit shall be deenegi?ed manually
immediately after the same comes to the notice of the concerned

310
em loyee of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su
ly (icensee.
* detailed
in'estigation shall be done to determine the cause for non.o eration of the rotecti'e system and remedial measures ta,en rom tly. ( ! The 'oltage gradient at the earth electrode at the Transformer "enter may attain sufficiently high 'alue during hea'y flow of ground currents and become dangerous to cattle and human life. To eliminate the ossibility of such a danger, the to of earth electrode shall be buried below earth surface and the connecting lead should be insulated. The to of the earth electrode shall be at least 500 mm below the surface of soil. &eference is in'ited to clause no 11.) of IS 5065 in this regard. Earth electrodes, other than those used for earthing of the fence itself, should not be installed in the ro9imity of the metal fence, to a'oid the ossibility of the fence becoming li'e and thus rendering it dangerous.6 (e! The earth leads for earthing the 2istribution Transformers and the neutral of (T System shall be of P<" insulated aluminum wires of ade8uate si?e. There shall be two se arate earth leads. (f! The earth leads for other ole mounted e8ui ments such as #7S,
>use units, (ightning *rresters etc., shall be either of gal'ani?ed iron brought inside a P<" conduit or P<" insulated wires. (g! "ontinuity of earth wire and neutral conductor in (T System should be ensured. >or this ur ose, the Doints if any, in these conductors should be made erfectly using crim ed Doints. Bolted or twisted Doints in wires shall be a'oided as far as ossible. (h! "orrect ca acity fuses shall be ro'ided and maintained in good
condition at all 2istribution Transformer "enters.
It sho<l) "# (ot#) that th# a4! < 7olta*# *ra)!#(t o7#r a s?a( o@ ' #t#rs a)Ia5#(t to a ', )!a #t#r *ro<() #l#5tro)# !s r#)<5#) @ro 1,O o@ th# total #l#5tro)# ?ot#(t!al :h#( th# to? !s at *ro<() l#7#l to '- a() , ?#r5#(t :h#( !t !s "<r!#) at -82 a() .8- #t#r r#s?#5t!7#l;8
311
(i!
The street lighting osts with underground cables re8uire a great deal of attention due to the fact that many times these cables are connected at lower le'els to the insulated wires coming from street lights. * fuse bo9 shall be fitted and ro erly maintained at these connections for the hase wire. There should be a hinged door, which shall be ,e t closed, and loc,ed from access to the ublic and shall be eriodically ins ected and maintained. It is referable that these ins ection bo9es are ro'ided at an inaccessible height.
(D!
The ole mounted 2istribution Transformers shall not be accessible to the ublic easily. 2anger boards shall be in'ariably ro'ided.
(,! Suitable 2anger boards and anticlimbing de'ices should be ro'ided on the oles at locations 'ulnerable for human a roach such as school remises, mar,et laces etc. (l! The ma9imum s an across or along any street shall not e9ceed :0 meters. (m! The entire edestal mounted e8ui ment such as 2istribution
Transformers, Switchgear, 2istribution bo9es etc., installed in streets and accessible to the ublic should be rotected by loc,ing the doors andAor ro'iding suitable fence where'er ossible. 2anger boards shall be rominently dis layed on the fence and e8ui ment. (n! Periodical maintenance shall be carried out on ole mounted
2istribution Transformers, "ircuit Brea,ers, 11 +< and (T 2istribution (ines, Ser'ice "onnections and ro er records shall be maintained as re8uired in H2istribution System "onstruction, 7 eration, and Gaintenance StandardH. (o! S ecial care should be ta,en to maintain the oil filled e8ui ment ro erly. 7il lea,age, if any, should be attended to immediately. 2ry
312
wood or grass or any other inflammable material should not be resent in the 'icinity. ( ! >irst aid ,its shall be a'ailable at e'ery manned sub.station or switching station. &esuscitation charts shall be rominently dis layed. *ll the ersonnel wor,ing in 2istribution System shall be trained for the same. (8! The 2istribution 3 &etail Su cutouts of a ro'ided. (r! Before ser'icing any electrical installation, either additional or new, the same shall be tested by the (icensee. * record of these test results shall be maintained. (s! The 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee shall ta,e necessary ste s to fuses shall be ly (icensee shall ro'ide sealable
ro riate rating at the consumer@s terminals. $o cutouts or ro'ided for the neutral. 7nly lin,ed switch shall be
educate the ublic and the consumers regarding the safety recautions to be ta,en by them to re'ent shoc, ha?ards and conse8uent danger to them from electricity by issue of am hlets, e9hibiting slides and sign boards at im ortant laces, and through media. 38- A5t!o(s "; Co(s< #r The consumers also should ta,e the following recautions and coo erate with the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee. The consumers shall ta,e the ro riate ca acity at their following measures in their installations in 'iew of their own safety. (a! Pro'ide Earth (ea,age "ircuit Brea,ers of a installations. (b! The load side grounding shall be ro'ided and maintained as er IS
5065 . "ode of Practice for Earthing.
313
(c! Buildings shall not be constructed under E%T (ines. In case the buildings are to be constructed near (T or %T (ines, with bare wires, the following minimum clearances shall be maintained. Particulars >or (T (ines >or 11 +< (Gtr! (ines (Gtr! a! Ginimum height of any conductor of an o'erhead line :.= ;.1 across any street b! Ginimum height of any conductor of an o'erhead line :.: :.= along any street c! Ginimum height of any conductor (bare! of an 6.; 6.; o'erhead line erected elsewhere d! Ginimum height of any conductor (insulated! of an 6.0 6.0 o'erhead line erected elsewhere e! Ginimum clearance of an o'erhead conductor from 5.:().:!C 6.:(5.-!C buildings: (<ertical! (<ertical! 1.=(1.)!C 1.=(1.)!C (%ori?ontal! (%ori?ontal! (d! "ontinuous P<" insulated earth wire of si?e not less than 5A)0 co er wire, shall be run through out the wiring system and connected to the earth terminals of three in lugs. Two in Soc,ets and ins should ne'er be used. This earth wire shall in turn be connected to the load. side grounding electrode. The grounding electrode shall referably be ro'ided in a lace where earth is moist. *lternati'ely, the earth electrode shall be watered at least once a wee,. The earth electrode should not be enclosed in concrete. (e! The consumers should not meddle with the 2istribution 3 &etail Su (icensee@s e8ui ment such as #7S, >uses etc. (f! Plants which can grow u as trees should not be lanted below the ower lines. Trimming of branches of trees in the ro9imity of ower lines should not be carried out in the absence of the (icensee@s re resentati'e. ly
Th# 5l#ara(5#s !()!5at#) !( th# IE R<l#s ha7# "##( !(5r#as#) to ha7# "#tt#r sa@#t; ar*!( !( 7!#: o@ th# lar*# (< "#r o@ a55!)#(ts tak!(* ?la5#8 I( 5as# th#s# 5l#ara(5#s 5a((ot "# a!(ta!(#), Ar!#l B<(5h#) Ca"l#s shall "# <s#) P Th# @!*<r#s !( "ra5k#ts ar# as ?#r IE R<l#s
314
(g! In case ower su
ly is to be e9tended tem orarily, the connections
shall be made ro erly by a 8ualified wireman and E("Bs should be ro'ided for e9tended circuits. (h! Eires, fi9tures and other e8ui ment shall be of good 8uality with BIS certification mar,. (i! The consumers shall ta,e ade8uate recautions for the safe custody of the 2istribution 3 &etail Su ly (icensee@s e8ui ment in his remises and should not meddle with them. (D! The wiring diagram and s ecifications for internal wiring of the multi. storied buildings shall be got a before e9ecuting the wor,. (,! The consumer should obser'e safe ractices and 2os and 2onBts as er the enclosed list. The list is indicati'e and is only intended as guidance. ro'ed by the Electrical Ins ectorate
315
.8-
ANNE=E 1.1 >7((7E T%E S*>ETS P&7"E2U&E *$2 *<7I2 E(E"T&I"*( *""I2E$TS
1 ) 5 6 :
27BS *lways use ISI mar,ed and a ro'ed 8uality of wiresA cables. Use &ubber glo'es when wor,ing on Electrical e8ui ment. Use &ubber mats while wor,ing on electrical a liances Use insulated cutting liers while handling electric wires 3 e8ui ments. "o'er bare ortion of Electrical connection with insulated ta e. #et the wiring done through a #o't (icenced Electrical "ontractor. Insist on roduction of the licence from the contractor #et an electrical installation effecti'ely earthed by good earthing. >re8uently water the electrode to maintain the soil resisti'ity. Ensure se arate earth electrode for the installation and the meter. Periodically chec, the earth lead for its earth continuity. *lways ensure that the lug soc,et is not within reach of the children. "lean the contact surface of the lug and soc,et of the electric heater X &e lace the soc,et e'ery )A5 years. *lways ensure that the matching lug and soc,et is used to a'oid loose contact and conse8uent heating and melting. Use 5 only in lug 3 soc,et. 5rd oint shall be earthed. &e ort slanting oles, inade8uate ground clearance to ES"7G &e ort the lea,age of current in the installation to the concerned ES"7G office.
27$BTS 2o not touch a sna
ed electric wire
2o not tie animals to electric oles 2o not use #I wire tied to a ole for drying clothes 2o not o'er load the system by additional or unauthori?ed load X Use an a ro riate G"B to limit the load. 2o not use unearthed water heaters, geysers, electric iron. . Use 5 in lug and soc,et for the abo'e e8ui ments. 2o not energi?e the fence. - It attracts 'iolation of Section 5/ of the Indian Electricity *ct If necessary use authori?ed fencing energi?er. 2o not climb electricity oles or transmission towers. 2o not use ). in lug and soc,et. 2o not use o en wiresADointed wires for the a liances. 2o not use bro,en switchesAsoc,etsA lugs. 2o not e9tend loose wiringAo en Dunction ointsA lug oints. 2o not combine the neutral and leads. *lways ha'e a se arate neutral wire and body earth. 2o not use o en heating coil for water. wiring from body earth and distinct heating the
= / 10 11 1) 15
16 1: 1 ;
2o not o erate the electric e8ui mentA switches with wet hands. 2o not bring the water i es and electric conduits in the ro9imity of each other. 2o not draw the wiresAcables for the full cross section of the conduits. X *lways limit the concentration to :0O of the 316
1 1 = 1 / ) 0 ) 1 ) ) ) 5 ) 6 ) :
Install an E("BA&""B to a'oid fatal shoc, *lways ro'ide graded fuse *lways call electrician to re air and chec,ing &e ort the accident to Police, Electrical Ins ector. . . . . . ES"7G,
conduits. 2o not lay the underground cables and garden lighting cablesAgate lights o enly. *lways lay them in %ume i es and clearly demar, the cable route. 2o not allow layman to handle the electric system and a liances. 2o not build houseAe9tension of house underneath the o'erhead lineA ro9imity of the line. 2o not grow trees underneath the o'erhead lines. 2o not ha'e balconiesAwindows o ening towards the o en lines. 2o not touch a erson with bare hands who is in contact with the electric su ly. 2o not carry long and metallic i e underneath the o'erhead lines. 2o not try to cut treeAbranches near the o'erhead lines without informing +PT"(. 2o not o'er load a lug.
317

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Final Grid Code

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KARNATAKA ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION

GRID CODE, DISTRIBUTION CODE,

STANDARDS FOR TRANSMISSION SYSTEM AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

KARNATAKA ELECTRICITY REGULATORY COMMISSION

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

Planning and co.ordination for the State Power #rid with.

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

i. ii. iii. i'. '. 'i. c. d.

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

ublic and wor,ing

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

ro'isions of the rele'ant

reasonable coo eration and assistance as the Transmission (icensee

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

Blac, "a ability

#o'ernment under section )-* of the Electricity &egulatory

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

Utility ("TU! "E&" "onnected Planning 2ata "onnection

"onnection "onditions "onnection Point "onsumer "ontingency &eser'e

"ustomer 2emand "ontrol 2emand 2emand "ontrol

ly of electricity to a "ustomer or a manner agreed for

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

(icensees 2rawal Earthing

Earthing 2e'ice Emergency Instruction

Interru tion Time >re8uency #enerating "om any

the circuit brea,er.

The number of alternating current cycles

(e9 ressed in %ert?! at which the system is o erating.

#enerating Plant #enerating Unit

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

Producer Power #eneration e9cluding "entral #enerating Stations

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

ro'ed by the Bureau

Intertri * aratus Intertri ing

+P"( +PT"( +PT"( Site

(oad (oad >actor

The *cti'e, &eacti'e or *

arent Power as the conte9t

(oaded (ocal Instructions

lying electrical ower to the System.

o eration, maintenance and testing of the

rocedures, both for the

7ut Synchronism 7utage

Part (oad Partial Shutdown

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

Pea, Period Person P#"I( Planned 7utage

The schemes and a

aratus for detecting abnormal

oint when wor, (including - 21

lying electrical ower to the *u9iliaries of

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

"onsumers. ISu lierH means any

erson who holds a licence under

"ontrol and 2ata which

ro'ide information to enable im lementation of

Synchronous "om ensation Synchronous S eed System

CODES & STANDARDS: KERC

The cti'e, &eacti'e or

(S PP(I"B(E T7 T%E&G( P7EE& ST*TI7$S! !78 >ara #t#rs o@ Go7#r(or

(e! (ightning rresters F8 R#la;!( a() #t#r!(*/