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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001663.htm
Adrenocortical carcinoma
Adrenocortical carcinoma is a cancer of the adrenal glands.
Causes
Adrenocortical carcinoma is most common in children younger than 5 and adults in their 30s and 40s. Adrenocortical carcinoma may be linked to a cancer syndrome that is passed down through families (inherited). Both men and women can develop this tumor. Adrenocortical carcinoma can produce the hormones cortisol, aldosterone, estrogen, or testosterone, as well as other hormones. In women the tumor often releases these hormones, which can lead to male characteristics. The cause is unknown. About 2 people per million develop this type of tumor.
Symptoms
Symptoms that suggest increased cortisol or other adrenal gland hormone production: Fatty, rounded hump high on the back just below the neck (buffalo hump) Flushed rounded face with pudgy cheeks (moon face) Obesity Stunted growth in height (short stature) Virilization - the appearance of male characteristics, including increased body hair (especially on the face), pubic hair, acne, deepening of voice, and enlarged clitoris (girls) Symptoms that suggest increased aldosterone production are the same as symptoms of low potassium and include: Muscle cramps Weakness
Treatment
Primary treatment is surgery to remove the tumor. Adrenocortical carcinoma may not improve with chemotherapy.
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http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001663.htm
Medications may be given to reduce production of cortisol, which causes many of the symptoms.
Outlook (Prognosis)
The outcome depends on how early the diagnosis is made and whether the tumor has spread (metastasized). Tumors that have spread usually lead to death within 1 to 3 years.
Possible Complications
The tumor can spread to the liver, bone, lung, or other areas.
Alternative Names
Tumor - adrenal
References
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Neuroendocrine tumors. 2012. Version 1.2012. Nieman LK. Adrenal cortex. In Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 234.
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