CHEMISTRY

(SALT ANALYSIS)

BY : NAGENDRA SINGH
(B.Tech IT. BHU)

COACHING
1.

Mob: 993595733

Two solid laboratory reagents A and B give the following reactions : Co!"o#$% A : (i) On strongly heating it gives two oxides of s l!h r (ii) On adding a" eo s #aO$ sol tion to its a" eo s sol tion a dirty green !reci!itate is obtained% which starts t rning brown on ex!os re to air. Co!"o#$% B : (iii) &t i'!arts green colo r to the fla'e (iv) &ts sol tion does not give a !reci!itate on !assing $() (v) *hen it is heated with solid - (,r(O + and concentrated $ ()O . % a red gas is evolved. The gas when !assed in an a" eo s sol tion of #aO$% t rns it yellow. &Roo'(ee )993*

(.

A light green crystalline co'!o nd res!onds to the following test : (i) &ts a" eo s sol tion gives a brown !reci!itate or colo ration with al/aline -($g&. sol tion. (ii) &ts a" eo s sol tion gives a bl e colo r with - 12e(,# ) 0 sol tion. (iii) &ts sol tion in hydrochloric acid gives a white !reci!itate with Ba,l ( sol tion. &dentify the ions !resent and s ggest the for' la of the co'!o nd. &I.I.T. )99+* An a" eo s sol tion of gas (3) shows the following reactions : (i) &t t rns red lit' s bl e (ii) *hen added in excess to a co!!er s l!hate sol tion% a dee! bl e colo r is obtained. (iii) On addition of 2e,l1 sol tion% a brown !reci!itate% sol ble in dil te $#O1 is obtained. &dentify (3) and give e" ations for the reactions at ste! (ii) and (iii). &Roo'(ee )99)* A certain co'!o nd (3) is sed in laboratory for analysis% its a" eo s sol tion gives the following reactions : (i) On adding co!!er s l!hate% a brown !reci!itate is obtained which t rns white on addition of excess of #a ()(O1 sol tion.
(ii) On addition of Ag4 ion sol tion a yellow c rdy !reci!itate is obtained which is insol ble in a''oni ' hydroxide. &dentify (3) and give e" ations for the reactions at ste! (i) and (ii). &Roo'(ee )99)*

1.

..

5.

A co'!o nd on heating with an excess of ca stic soda sol tion liberates a gas (B) which gives white f 'es on ex!os re of $,l. $eating it contin ed to ex!el the gas co'!letely. The res ltant al/aline sol tion again liberates the sa'e gas (B) when heated with 6inc !owder. $owever the co'!o nd (A)% when heated alone does not give nitrogen. &dentify (A) and (B). An one or two of the following : ,a,O1 % Ba,l ( % Ag#O1 % #a ()O . % 7n)O . and #aO$. The 'ixt re is co'!letely sol ble in water and the sol tion gives !in/ colo r with !henol!hthalein. *hen dil te hydrochloric acid is grad ally added to above sol tion% a !reci!itate is for'ed which dissolves with f rther addition of the acid. *hat is8are !resent in the solid9 :ive e" ations to ex!lain the a!!earance of the !reci!itate and its dissol tion. The gas liberated on heating a 'ixt re of two salts with #aO$% gives a reddish brown !reci!itate with an al/aline sol tion of - ( $g& . . The a" eo s sol tion of 'ixt re on treat'ent with Ba,l ( gives a white !reci!itate which is s!aringly sol ble in conc. $,l. On heating the 'ixt re with - (,r(O + and conc. $()O.% red va!!o rs (A) are !rod ced. The a" eo s sol tion of 'ixt re gives a dee! bl e coloration (B) with !otassi ' ferricyanide. &dentify the radicals in given 'ixt re and write the balanced e" ation for for'ation of (A) and (B). &I.I.T. )99)* n/nown solid 'ixt re contains

0.

+.

;.

A colo rless solid (A) liberates a brown gas (B) on acidification% a colo rless al/aline gas (,) on treat'ent with #aO$% and a colo rless<reactive gas (=) on heating. &f heating of the solid contin ed% it co'!letely disa!!ears. &dentify (A) to (=). An a" eo s sol tion of gas (3) give the following reactions : (i) &t decolo ri6es an acidified - (,r(O + sol tion. (ii) On boiling it with $(O(% cooling it and then adding an a" eo s sol tion of Ba,l( a !reci!itate insol ble in dil. $,l is obtained. (iii) On !assing $() in the sol tion% a white t rbidity is obtained. &dentify (3) and give e" ations for the reaction at ste!s (i)% (ii) and (iii). &Roo'(ee )99,*
A blac/ colo red co'!o nd (A) on reaction with dil. $ ()O. gives a gas (B) which on !assing in a sol tion of an acid (,) gives a white t rbidity (=). :as (B) when !assed in acidified sol tion of (@) gives a !reci!itate (2) sol ble in dil te $#O1. After boiling this sol tion when excess of #$.O$ is added% a bl e colo red co'!o nd (:) is for'ed. To this sol tion on addition of acetic acid and a" eo s !otassi ' ferrocyanide a chocolate colo red !reci!itate ($) is obtained. On addition of an a" eo s sol tion of Ba,l ( to an a" eo s sol tion of (@)% a white !reci!itate insol ble in $#O1 is obtained. &dentify (A) to ($). &Roo'(ee )9-7*

>.

1?.

11.

:ive the co'!lete balanced e" ation for the following : (i) Aerc ro s nitrate reacts with excess -& sol tion. (ii) )odi ' chro'ite sol tion reacts with $(O( in !resence of #aO$. (iii) #ic/el s l!hate reacts with di'ethyl glyoxi'e reagent in a''onical sol tion.

&M.L.N.R )997*

1(.

(i) The yellow colo red !reci!itate of co'!o nd (A) is for'ed on !assing $() thro gh a ne tral sol tion of salt (B). (ii) (A) is sol ble in hot dil te $#O1 b t insol ble in yellow a''oni ' s l!hide. (iii) The sol tion of (B) on treat'ent with s'all " antity of #$1 gives white !reci!itate which beco'es sol ble in excess of it for'ing a co'!o nd (,) (iv) The sol tion of (B) gives white !reci!itate with s'all concentration of -,# which beco'es sol ble in excess of this reagent for'ing a co'!o nd (=). (v) The sol tion of (=) on treat'ent with $() gives (A). (vi) The sol tion of (B) in dil. $,l on treat'ent with a sol tion of Ba,l ( gives white !reci!itate of co'!o nd (@) which is insol ble in conc. $#O1. &dentify (A) to (@) and give che'ical e" ation for the reactions at ste!s (i) to (iii) to (vi) &Roo'(ee )99-* (i) An a" eo s sol tion of a co'!o nd (A) is acidic towards lit' s and (A) is s bli'ed at abo t 1???,. (ii) (A) on treat'ent with an excess of #$.),# gives a red colo red co'!o nd (B) and on treat'ent with a sol tion of - . C2e(,# ) 0 B gives a bl e colo red co'!o nd (,).
(iii) (A) on heating with excess of - ( ,r( O + in !resence of concentrated $()O. evolves dee! red va!o rs of (=).

11.

(iv) On !assing the va!o rs of (=) into a sol tion of #aO$ and then adding the sol tion of acetic acid and lead acetate% a yellow !reci!itate of co'!o nd (@) is obtained. &dentify (A) to (@) and give che'ical e" ations for the reactions at ste!s (ii) to (iv). &Roo'(ee )99-* 1.. (i) a !owdered s bstance (A) on treat'ent with f sion 'ixt re gives a green colo red co'!o nd (B).
(ii) The sol tion of (B) in boiling water on acidification with dil te $ ()O. gives a !in/ colo red co'!o nd (,). (iii) The a" eo s sol tion of (A) on treat'ent with excess of #aO$ and bro'ine water gives a co'!o nd (=).

(iv) A sol tion of (=) in conc. $#O1 on treat'ent with lead !eroxide at boiling te'!erat re !rod ced a co'!o nd (@) which was of the sa'e colo r as that of (,). (v) A sol tion of (A) in dil te $,l ort treat'ent with a sol tion of bari ' chloride gave a white !reci!itate of co'!o nd (2) which was insol ble in conc. $#O1 and conc. $,l. &Roo'(ee +,,)* 15. A white s bstance (A) reacts with dil te $ ()O. to !rod ce a colo rless gas (B) and a colo rless sol tion (,). The reaction between (B) and acidified - (,r(O + sol tion !rod ces a green sol tion and a slightly colo red !reci!itate (=). The s bstance (=) b rns in air to !rod ce a gas (@) which reacts with (B) to yield (=) and a colo rless li" id. Anhydro s co!!er s l!hate is t rned bl e on addition of this colo rless li" id. Addition of a" eo s #$1 or #aO$ to (,) !rod ces first a !reci!itate% which dissolves in the excess of res!ective reagent to !rod ce a clear sol tion in each case. &dentify (A)% (B)% (,)% (=) and (@) write the e" ations of the reactions involved. &I.I.T. +,,)* *hen a crystalline co'!o nd 3 is heated A is evolved. On !assing A into ca stic soda% an yellow colo red sol tion of B is obtained. #e rtrali6ing the sol tion acetate% an yellow !reci!itate of , is obtained. *hen 3 is heated with #aO$% a colo rless gas is evolved and on !assing this gas into - ($g&.

10.

sol tion% a reddish brown !reci!itate = is for'ed. &dentify A% B% ,% = and 3. *rite the e" ation of reactions involved. &I.I.T. +,,+*