Energy For Muscle Contraction (pgs 195-196; figure 6.

10)
Muscles first use _________ _________ for energy
Only 4-6 seconds of ATP is stored in muscles
Body must utilize other pathways to produce ATP
______________________ _________________________
_____________________ _____________________(CP) a high energy molecule found in
_______________ ____________
ATP is depleted leaving ________
ADP and _______ interact
CP transfers a phosphate to ADP to regenerate _________
CP only last 20 seconds
What are some exercises in which we use creatine phosphate(CP) energy

Draw the process of Direct Phosphorylation using Fig 6.10

Anaerobic Glycolysis
Breakdown of glycogen to glucose without the use of _______________
Glucose is broken down to ___________ __________ to produce ATP
Pyruvic Acid is then converted to ________ __________
Not efficient but is fast
Need large amounts of glucose
____________ ____________ produces muscle fatigue
What are some exercises in which we use energy produced form Anaerobic glycolysis
Draw the process of Anaerobic Glycolysis using Fig 6.10

__________________ ________________________

Aerobic Respiration occurs in the ____________________ with the use of oxygen

________________ is broken down to carbon dioxide and water; releasing energy
Provides the most ATP but is a slow reaction and requires continuous oxygen
95% of ATP energy comes from Aerobic Respiration during _____________ and light to moderate
exercise
Draw the process of Aerobic Respiration using Fig 6.10

Types of Muscle Contractions (pg 197)

____________________ ____________________ same tone
_____________________ slide past each other during other contractions
Causing the muscle to __________________
Examples of isotonic contractions

____________________ __________________ same measurement

Myofilaments are tightening causing muscle ____________ to increase
Muscles are unable to shorten
Examples of isometric contractions

Types of Body Movements (pg 198-202; Fig. 6.13)

Muscle is attached to bone or other connective tissue structures at at least 2 points
Origin:____________________________________________________
Insertion:__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
______________
Most common types of body movements:

 Flexion:_________________________________________________________
______
________________________________________________________________
________
Examples:
Using Fig. 6.13 Draw what will help you remember flexion

Extension:______________________________________________________
_______
________________________________________________________________
_______
Examples:
Using Fig. 6.13 Draw what will help you remember extension:

Rotation:________________________________________________________
_____
________________________________________________________________
_______
Examples:
Using Fig. 6.13 Draw what will help you remember rotation:

 Abduction:______________________________________________________
_______
________________________________________________________________
________
Examples:
Using Fig. 6.13 Draw what will help you remember abduction
Adduction:______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
______________
Mrs. Schroeder and Ms. Lizarribar tip: ADDuction-adding, bringing to the body
Examples:
Using Fig. 6.13 Draw what will help you remember Adduction

Circumduction:___________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_____________
Examples:
Using Fig. 6.13 Draw what will help you remember circumduction

 Special Body Movements: Movements that dont fit into typical body movements and only occur
at a few joints
Dorsiflexion:_____________________________________________________
______
Plantar
Flexion:_________________________________________________________
Dorsiflexion of the foot equals Plantar Flexion of the wrist
Plantar Flexion of the foot equals Dorsiflexion of the wrist
Using Fig. 6.13 Draw what will help you remember Dorsiflexion and Plantar Flexion

Inversion:_______________________________________________________
_______
Eversion:_______________________________________________________
_______
Supination:______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_____________
Turning backwards
Pronation:_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____________
Turning forward
Opposition:______________________________________________________
______
Example:

Types of Muscles (pg 202)

Prime
mover:____________________________________________________________
__

______________________________________________________________________
__
Antagonist:_________________________________________________________
_______
Synergist:__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_______________
Fixator:____________________________________________________________
_______

Naming Muscles (pg 202-204)

Muscles are named on several criteria that focuses on a particular structural or functional
characteristic:
List every criteria for naming a muscle and an example of each
_______________________________________________________________
_______
Example:___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______
Example:___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______
Example:___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______
Example:___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______
Example:___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______
Example:___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______

 Example:___________________________________________________________

Go on Edmodo/Synergy and look at the posted muscle list-There is a possibility of

these muscles being on the exam!
Microscopic Anatomy of Muscle (pg 185, 187-189, Fig 6.3)
Three types of connective tissue wrapping of a skeletal muscle; Use the book to look
up the 3 types of wrapping and write a brief definition/description
1)____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
________
2)____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
________
3)____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
________
________________________________ : specialized plasma membrane of the muscle
___________________ of the muscle cells are located underneath the sarcolemma
Myofibrils; complex organelles which fill most of the cytoplasm
Myofibrils are aligned to give distinct bands:
___________________ band
Contains a dark midline interruption: _______________
___________________ band
Contains a light central ares:___________________
The H-Zone contains the _______________________ at the center; which holds
together thick filaments
Draw a myofibril make sure you include I band, A band, Z disk, H zone, M line

 Within the myofibril you find the______________________________ which are the contractile units
of the muscle.
Sarcomeres extend from ____________________ to _____________________
Sarcomere is composed of 2 types of threadlike proteins;_________________________
_____________________________ also called myosin filaments
Composed of the protein ____________________
Contain ________________ enzymes
Split_____________ for muscle contraction
Extend the entire length of the dark ___________________
Myosin filaments have ____________________________ which link the thick and thin
filaments during _______________________________
Thin Filaments also called ____________________________
Composed of the ____________________ protein called __________________
Anchored to _______________________
I band contains only thin filaments
During contraction _________________________and _____________________ overlap
At rest there is a ______________________ which lacks _____________________
Draw a Sarcomere make sure to include; thick and thin filaments, Z disk, and M line
(Fig 6.3)

______________________________________ specialized smooth ER that surrounds each myofibril

Stores and releases ____________________ when muscle stimulated to
___________________