Effectiveness of Lathe Machine and a Metal Cutter

Chester R. Herrera 2ME1

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Machines are tools that uses energy to achieve a particular goal. It maybe simple, containing only one tool, or complex, which involves two or more machines, sometimes with metals and gears. These things help in making our work easier and more productive. Nowadays, especially since we are living in this so called technologic age, one cannot live without the use of these particular machines. Complex machines in particular are mostly needed in industries where there is production and manufacturing of certain products and or services. It aids in speeding up the process of a certain task, minimi!ing the use of human labor. Machineries are also a way of a cost effective measure since it lessens errors produced. "ifferent types of machines are designed for specific #obs. Through this study, we will be able to learn two types of machines used for cutting metals, namely the latch machine and the metal cutter. This study aims to identify the similarities and differences of these two, and what is more effective in cutting metals.

OBJECTIVES $To define what machines, its types and why they are used% $To determine the importance of metals and why and how they are used% $To know what is a lathe machine and a metal cutter% $To familiari!e with the similarities and difference of the machines% $To be able to identify what are the pros and cons of the machines% $To find out which is more effective in cutting metals%

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE & machine is a tool that consists of one or more parts, and uses energy to achieve a particular goal. Machines are usually powered by mechanical, chemical, thermal, or electrical means, and are fre'uently motori!ed. There are different types of machines used today. (ome of this are simple machines )wheelbarrow, lever, pulley, etc.*, mechanical components )roller chains, springs, etc.*, heat pumps, linkages, and turbines.+ Machines employ power to achieve desired forces and movement. & machine has a power source and actuators that generate forces and movement, and a system of mechanisms that shape the actuator input to achieve a specific application of output forces and movement. Modern machines often include computers and sensors that monitor performance and plan movement, and are called mechanical systems. & machine consists of an actuator input, a system of mechanisms that generate the output forces and movement, and an interface to the user. ,lectric motors, hydraulic and pneumatic actuators provide the input forces and movement. This input is shaped by mechanisms consisting of gears and gear trains, belt and chain drives, cam and follower mechanisms, and linkages as well as friction devices such as brakes and clutches. (tructural components consist of the frame, fasteners, bearings, springs, lubricants and seals, as well as a variety of speciali!ed machine elements such as splines, pins and keys. The user interface ranges from switches and buttons to programmable logic controllers and includes the covers that provide texture, color and styling.Machines use energy to multiply a force, change the direction of a force, transform or transfer energy, or multiply speed. . Metals account for about two thirds of all the elements and about -/0 of the mass of the planet. Metals have useful properties including strength, ductility, high melting points, thermal and electrical conductivity, and toughness. Common examples of these are iron steel which are used for critical applications% aluminums used for their flexibility% titanium used for higher temperatures, and copper for applications that need high electrical and thermal conductivity. / & lathe is a machine tool which rotates the workpiece on its axis to perform various operations such as cutting, sanding, knurling, drilling, or deformation, facing, turning, with tools that are applied to the workpiece to create an ob#ect which has symmetry about an axis of rotation.1athes are used in woodturning, metalworking, metal spinning, Thermal spraying parts reclamation, and glass$working. 1athes can be used to shape pottery, the best$known design being the potter2s wheel. Most suitably e'uipped metalworking lathes can also be used to produce most solids of revolution, plane surfaces and screw threads or helices. 3rnamental lathes can produce three$dimensional solids of incredible complexity. The material can be held in place by either one or two centers, at least one of which can be moved hori!ontally to accommodate varying material lengths.
+ . / Machine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, http4 en.wikipedia.org wiki Machine )5ebruary, -6+.* Machine (mechanical) Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, http4 en.wikipedia.org wiki Machine70-8mechanical0-9, ):anuary, -6+.* :essica ;ebber, <ses of Machines, http4 #essicawebber.hubpages.com hub <ses$of$Machines, )&pril,-669* N"T =esource Center, Metals, http4 www.ndt$ ed.org ,ducation=esources CommunityCollege Materials Introduction metals.htm

3ther work$holding methods include clamping the work about the axis of rotation using a chuck or collet, or to a faceplate, using clamps or dogs.> & metal cutter is a tool used to create a workpiece that cuts chips and remove metal from a workpiece. This maybe used to chip producing processes most commonly known as machining% burn, a set of processes wherein the metal is cut by oxidi!ing a kerf to separate pieces of metal% miscellaneous specialty process, not falling easily into either of the above categories. ?

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Lathe Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, http4 en.wikipedia.org wiki 1athe, )5ebruary, -6+.* Metalworking Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, http4 en.wikipedia.org wiki Metalworking

:essica ;ebber, http4 #essicawebber.hubpages.com hub <ses$of$Machines http4 en.wikipedia.org wiki Machine70-8mechanical0-9 http4 en.wikipedia.org wiki Machine The Nondestructive Testing =esource Center, http4 www.ndt$ed.org ,ducation=esources CommunityCollege Materials Introduction metals.htm