A Project Report On STUDENT PORTAL@CCET Submitted to CHHATTISGARH SWAMI VIVEKANANDA TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY In partial fulfillment for the award

of degree

Of
Bachelor of Engineering In COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING By NIKITA MITRA PREETI GUPTA PRIYANKA.J.NAIR RIJO THOMAS

Computer Science and Engineering Christian College of Engineering and Technology Kailash Nagar, Bhilai
SESSION: 2009-2013

DECLARATION

We the undersigned solemnly declare that the report of the project work entitled STUDENT PORTAL@CCET is based on our own work carried out during the course of our study under the supervision of Mr. Pramod S Nair

We assert that the statements made and conclusions drawn are an outcome of the project work. We further declare that to the best of our knowledge and belief that the report does not contain any part of any work which has been submitted for the award of any other degree in this University.

________________________ Nikita Mitra 3112209046 AF8156

________________________ Preeti Gupta 3112209047 AF8158

________________________

________________________

Priyanka.J.Nair 3112209048 AF8160

Rijo Thomas 3112209052 AF8172

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the report of the project submitted is an outcome of the project work entitled STUDENT PORTAL@CCET carried out by:- NIKITA MITRA, Roll

No.3112209046 & Enrollment No.AF8156, PREETI GUPTA, Roll No.3112209047 & Enrollment No: AF8158, PRIYANKA.J. NAIR, Roll No.3112209048 & Enrollment No. AF8160 and RIJO THOMAS, Roll No.3112209052 & Enrollment No.AF8172 carried out under my guidance and supervision for the award of Degree in Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science and Engineering of Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai (C.G), India.

To the best of my knowledge the report Embodies the work of the candidate him/herself, Has duly been completed, Fulfills the requirements of the ordinance relating to the BE degree of the University and Is up to the desired standard for the purpose of which is submitted.

Mr.Pramod S Nair H.O.D Computer Science and Engineering C.C.E.T., Kailash Nagar, Bhilai (C.G.)

The project work as mentioned above is hereby being recommended and forwarded for examination and evaluation

(Signature of Head of Department with seal)

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CERTIFICATE BY THE EXAMINERS

This is to certify that the project work entitled STUDENT PORTAL@CCET submitted by:

NIKITA MITRA PREETI GUPTA PRIYANKA.J.NAIR RIJO THOMAS

Roll No: 3112209046 Roll No: 3112209047 Roll No: 3112209048 Roll No: 3112209052

Enrollment No: AF8156 Enrollment No: AF8158 Enrollment No: AF8160 Enrollment No: AF8172

has been examined by the undersigned as a part of the examination for the award of Bachelor of Engineering degree in Computer Science and Engineering of Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai.

________________ Internal Examiner DATE:

________________ External Examiner DATE:

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all we would like to thank God Almighty for the blessings he showered upon us during the completion of this project work.

We would like to extend our gratitude towards our parents for the support guidance they always delivered to us and Dr. M. Venu Gopala Rao, Director CCET, Bhilai, for inspiring us in the path of completion of our project work.

We express our sincere thanks to our project guide Mr. Pramod S Nair, HOD Computer Science Department, CCET, Bhilai, for his valuable suggestions and supervisory support that helped us to complete our project.

Last but not the least; we would like to thank all the well wishers for the support extended towards us in the completion of our project work.

________________ NIKITA MITRA

_______________ PREETI GUPTA

________________ PRIYANKA.J.NAIR

_______________ RIJO THOMAS

Christian College of Engineering and Technology Kailash Nagar, Bhilai (C.G.)

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ABSTRACT

STUDENT PORTAL@CCET is a PHP based application dedicated for the task to make an attractive and dynamic portal for our college. Compared to the existing site some more new features are being added into it.

Our site STUDENT PORTAL@CCET would provide the management, H.O.Ds, teachers and students of our college with many features like the user details, notes related to various subjects, test series etc.

Upload and Download facilities are also being provided for the users. Students and teacher can also apply for the test series being facilitated here.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 About the project 1.2 Project Objective 1.3 Features of the portal 1.4 functioning of the project 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 PHP scripting language 2.2 MySQL 3. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION 3.1 Existing system 3.2 Problem Analysis 3.3 Purpose of project 3.4 Advantages of project 3.5 Disadvantages of project 4. METHODOLOGY 4.1 Requirement analysis 4.2 Model used 4.3 Data flow diagram 5. RESULT AND DISCUSSION 5.1 Snapshots of the project 5.2 Structure of the database table 6. CONCLUSION AND SCOPE FOR FURTHER PROJECT 6.1 Conclusion 6.2 Scope for further project 7. REFERENCE 44 44 45 TITLE PAGE NO. 1 2 2 3 3 4 5-12 13-20 21 22 22 22 23 23 24 25 26-28 29-34 35 36-38 39-42 43

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LIST OF FIGURES

S.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Chapter 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5

Figure Number 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6

Figure Name Evolutionary prototype model Level 0 DFD Level 1 DFD Level 1.1 DFD Level 1.2 DFD Level 1.3 DFD User select and login window Admin dashboard window HOD information window Student information window Faculty information window Notes upload

Page no. 27 30 31 32 33 34 36 36 37 37 38 38

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LIST OF TABLES

S.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Chapter 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

Table number 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11

Table Name admin table structure faculty table structure student table structure notes table structure hod table structure faculty_id table structure feedback table structure mst question table structure mst subject table structure mst test table structure mst useranswer table structure

Page no. 39 39 39 40 40 41 41 41 41 42 42

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET

2013

CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION

MAJOR PROJECT

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET

2013

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 About the Project:-

The student portal provide you to find important helps like notes for the required subjects, latest news updates related to campus drives and the branch together with a great facility of testing yourself with the test series module which provide online test facility for your campus tests, aptitude tests, competitive tests and your curriculum tests in the form of multiple choice question. Our main aim with this portal is to make it easy for the students to find the notes they want and for fast and advanced communication. You can use the portal by signing up with it and becoming the member of it.

1.2 Project Objective:-

This project comprehends the following objectives: To provide appropriate notes to the students for their respective subjects.

To explore the technical skills of the students by attending online tests.

1.2.1 Organization of report:

Our project is basically a portal. This portal allows user such as the head of the department (H.O.D), professors and assistant professors to upload notes and references of their respective subjects such that if the student misses their classes for some reasons, they can get those notes by signing into the portal. This will help students to have study materials which will help them in future examinations.

Each and every head of the department (H.O.D), professors, assistant professors and students need to get registered in our portal by inputting their details in the portal with their username and password. Once you got registered you can directly access the site.

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2013

All the H.O.Ds and the faculties can also upload tests questions for online test. These online test questions related to aptitude, campus, competitive, curriculum which will help students to get prepared for campus selection as well as for competitive exams like gate etc.

1.3 Features of the Portal:

Provides a separate dash board for all the users with specified facilities for each. It provides the facility of uploading and downloading of the notes form the site. Helps the admin to keep a track on the activities of the portal. Online test facility for Teachers and the students.

1.4 Functioning of the Project: Enter into the portals home page. Login with your USER-ID and PASSWORD or else register if new to the portal. User will be taken to their respective dash board. Teaching staff (including H.O.D.) can upload and download the notes for their respective subjects by clicking on the upload and download buttons. Admin will approve the appropriate notes and after that they will be available for downloading. Students can download the approved notes through the download option available on their dash board. Students will enter in to the test series by clicking on the Online test icon. User will logout after the logout button is clicked.

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COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGG DEPT

STUDENT PORTAL@CCET

2013

CHAPTER-2 LITERATURE REVIEW

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET 2. LITERATURE REVIEW

2013

2.1 PHP Scripting Language

PHP is an open source server-side scripting language designed for Web development to produce dynamic Web pages. It is one of the first developed server-side scripting languages to be embedded into an HTML source document rather than calling an external file to process data. The code is interpreted by a Web server with a PHP processor module which generates the resulting Web page. It also has evolved to include a command-line interface capability and can be used in standalone graphical applications. PHP can be deployed on most Web servers and also as a standalone shell on almost every operating system and platform, free of charge. By now PHP is installed on more than 20 million Web sites and 1 million Web servers. Notable software that uses PHP includes Drupal, Joomla, MediaWiki, and WordPress.

PHP is a server-side scripting language designed for web development but also used as a general-purpose programming language. PHP is now installed on more than 20 million websites and 1 million web servers. Originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995, the reference implementation of PHP is now produced by The PHP Group. While PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page, it is now said to stand for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor, a recursive acronym.

PHP code is interpreted by a web server with a PHP processor module which generates the resulting web page: PHP commands can be embedded directly into an HTML source document rather than calling an external file to process data. It has also evolved to include a command-line interface capability and can be used in standalone graphical applications.

PHP is free software released under the PHP License, which is incompatible with the GNU General Public License (GPL) due to restrictions on the usage of the term PHP. PHP can be

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2013

deployed on most web servers and also as a standalone shell on almost every operating system and platform, free of charge.

2.1.1 Security

About 30% of all vulnerabilities listed on the National Vulnerability Database are linked to PHP. These vulnerabilities are caused mostly by not following best practice programming rules: technical security flaws of the language itself or of its core libraries are not frequent (23 in 2008, about 1% of the total). Recognizing that programmers make mistakes, some languages include taint checking to automatically detect the lack of input validation which induces many issues. Such a feature is being developed for PHP, but its inclusion in a release has been rejected several times in the past.

There are advanced protection patches such as Suhosin and Hardening-Patch, especially designed for web hosting environments. PHPIDS adds security to any PHP application to defend against intrusions. PHPIDS detects attacks based on cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection, header injection, directory traversal, remote file execution, remote file inclusion, and denial-of-service (DoS).

2.1.2 Syntax

The PHP interpreter only executes PHP code within its delimiters. Anything outside its delimiters is not processed by PHP . The most common delimiters are <?php to open and ?> to close PHP sections. <script language="php"> and </script> delimiters are also available, as are the shortened forms <? or <?= (which is used to echo back a string or variable) and ?> as well as ASP-style short forms <% or <%= and %>. While short delimiters are used, they make script files less portable as support for them can be disabled in the PHP configuration, and so they are

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discouraged. The purpose of all these delimiters is to separate PHP code from non-PHP code, including HTML.

The first form of delimiters, <?php and ?>, in XHTML and other XML documents, creates correctly formed XML 'processing instructions'. This means that the resulting mixture of PHP code and other markup in the server-side file is itself well-formed XML.

Variables are prefixed with a dollar symbol, and a type does not need to be specified in advance. Unlike function and class names, variable names are case sensitive. Both double-quoted ("") and here doc strings provide the ability to interpolate a variable's value into the string. PHP treats newlines as whitespace in the manner of a free-form language (except when inside string quotes), and statements are terminated by a semicolon. PHP has three types of comment syntax: /* */ marks block and inline comments; // as well as # are used for one-line comments. The echo statement is one of several facilities PHP provides to output text, e.g., to a web browser.

In terms of keywords and language syntax, PHP is similar to most high level languages that follow the C style syntax. if conditions, for and while loops, and function returns are similar in syntax to languages such as C, C++, C#, Java and Perl.

2.1.2.1 Data types:

PHP stores whole numbers in a platform-dependent range, either a 64-bit or 32bit signed integer equivalent to the C-language long type. Unsigned integers are converted to signed values in certain situations; this behavior is different from other programming languages. Integer variables can be assigned using decimal (positive and negative), octal, and hexadecimal notations. Floating point numbers are also stored in a platform-specific range. They can be specified using floating point notation, or two forms of scientific notation. PHP has

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2013

a native Boolean type that is similar to the native Boolean types in Java and C++. Using the Boolean type conversion rules, non-zero values are interpreted as true and zero as false, as in Perl and C++. The null data type represents a variable that has no value. The only value in the null data type is NULL. Variables of the "resource" type represent references to resources from external sources. These are typically created by functions from a particular extension, and can only be processed by functions from the same extension; examples include file, image, and database resources. Arrays can contain elements of any type that PHP can handle, including resources, objects, and even other arrays. Order is preserved in lists of values and in hashes with both keys and values, and the two can be intermingled. PHP also supports strings, which can be used with single quotes, double quotes, nowdoc or heredoc syntax.

The Standard PHP Library (SPL) attempts to solve standard problems and implements efficient data access interfaces and classes.

2.1.2.2 Functions:

PHP has hundreds of base functions and thousands more via extensions. These functions are well documented on the PHP site; however, the built-in library has a wide variety of naming conventions and inconsistencies. PHP currently has no functions for thread programming, although it does support multi process programming on POSIX systems. Additional functions can be defined by a developer.

In PHP 5.2 and earlier, functions are not first-class functions and can only be referenced by their name, directly or dynamically by a variable containing the name of the function. User-defined functions can be created at any time without being prototyped. Functions can be defined inside code blocks, permitting a run-time decision as to whether or not a function should be defined. Function calls must use parentheses, with the exception of zero argument

class constructor functions called with the PHP new operator, where parentheses are optional. PHP supports quasi-anonymous functions through the create_function() function, although they

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET

2013

are not true anonymous functions because anonymous functions are nameless, but functions can only be referenced by name, or indirectly through a variable $function_name();, in PHP. PHP gained support for closures in PHP 5.3.

2.1.2.3 Objects:

Basic object-oriented programming functionality was added in PHP 3 and improved in PHP 4. Object handling was completely rewritten for PHP 5, expanding the feature set and enhancing performance. In previous versions of PHP, objects were handled like value types. The drawback of this method was that the whole object was copied when a variable was assigned or passed as a parameter to a method. In the new approach, objects are referenced by handle, and not by value. PHP 5 introduced private and protected member variables and methods, along with abstract, final classes, abstract methods, and final methods. It also introduced a standard way of declaring constructors and destructors, similar to that of other object-oriented languages such as C++, and a standard exception handling model. Furthermore, PHP 5 added interfaces and allowed for multiple interfaces to be implemented. There are special interfaces that allow objects to interact with the runtime system. Objects implementing Array Access can be used with array syntax and objects implementing Iterator or Iterator Aggregate can be used with therefore, ach language construct. There is no virtual table feature in the engine, so static variables are bound with a name instead of a reference at compile time.

If the developer creates a copy of an object using the reserved word clone, the Zend engine will check if a __clone() method has been defined or not. If not, it will call a default __clone()which will copy the object's properties. If a __clone() method is defined, then it will be responsible for setting the necessary properties in the created object. For convenience, the engine will supply a function that imports the properties of the source object, so that the programmer can start with a by-value replica of the source object and only override properties that need to be changed.

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COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGG DEPT

STUDENT PORTAL@CCET 2.1.3 Implementation

2013

The PHP language was originally implemented as an interpreter, and this is still the most popular implementation. Several compilers have been developed which decouple the PHP language from the interpreter. Advantages of compilation include better execution speed, static analysis, and improved interoperability with code written in other languages. PHP compilers of note include Phalanger, which compiles PHP into Common Intermediate Language (CIL) byte code, and Hip Hop, developed at Facebook and now available as open source, which transforms the PHP Script into C++, then compiles it, reducing server load up to 50% .

PHP source code is compiled on-the-fly to an internal format that can be executed by the PHP engine. In order to speed up execution time and not have to compile the PHP source code every time the web page is accessed , PHP scripts can also be deployed in executable format using a PHP compiler.

Code optimizers aim to enhance the performance of the compiled code by reducing its size , merging redundant instructions and making other changes that can reduce the execution time. With PHP, there are often opportunities for code optimization. An example of a code optimizer is the eAccelerator PHP extension.

Another approach for reducing compilation overhead for PHP servers is using an opcode cache. Opcode caches work by caching the compiled form of a PHP script (opcodes) in shared memory to avoid the overhead of parsing and compiling the code every time the script runs. An opcode cache, APC, is planned to be built into an upcoming release of PHP. Opcode caching and code optimization can be combined for best efficiency, as the modifications do not depend on each other (they happen in distinct stages of the compilation).

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET 2.1.4 What is a PHP File?

2013

PHP files can contain text, HTML, JavaScript code, and PHP code PHP code are executed on the server, and the result is returned to the browser as plain HTML

PHP files have a default file extension of ".php"

2.1.5 What can PHP do?

PHP can generate dynamic page content PHP can create, open, read, write, and close files on the server PHP can collect form data PHP can send and receive cookies PHP can add, delete, modify data in your database PHP can restrict users to access some pages on your website PHP can encrypt data

With PHP you are not limited to output HTML. You can output images, PDF files, and even Flash movies. You can also output any text, such as XHTML and XML.

2.1.6 Use

PHP is a general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited to server-side web development where PHP generally runs on a web server. Any PHP code in a requested file is executed by the PHP runtime, usually to create dynamic web page content or dynamic images used on websites or elsewhere. It can also be used for command-line scripting and client-

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2013

side graphical user interface (GUI) applications. PHP can be deployed on most web servers, many operating systems and platforms, and can be used with many relational database management systems (RDBMS). Most web hosting providers support PHP for use by their clients. It is available free of charge, and the PHP Group provides the complete source code for users to build, customize and extend for their own use.

PHP acts primarily as a filter, taking input from a file or stream containing text and/or PHP instructions and outputting another stream of data; most commonly the output will be HTML. Since PHP 4, the PHP parser compiles input to produce bytecode for processing by the Zend Engine, giving improved performance over its interpreter predecessor.

Originally designed to create dynamic web pages, PHP now focuses mainly on server-side scripting, and it is similar to other server-side scripting languages that provide dynamic content from a web server to a client, such as Microsoft's ASP.NET, Sun Microsystems' JavaServer Pages, and mod_perl. PHP has also attracted the development of many software frameworks that provide building blocks and a design structure to promote rapid application development (RAD). Some of these include CakePHP, Symfony, CodeIgniter, Yii Framework, and Zend Framework, offering features similar to other web application frameworks.

The LAMP architecture has become popular in the web industry as a way of deploying web applications. PHP is commonly used as the in this bundle alongside Linux, Apache and MySQL, although the P may also refer to Python, Perl, or some mix of the three. Similar packages are also available for Windows and OS X, then called WAMP and MAMP, with the first letter standing for the respective operating system. Although both PHP and Apache are provided as part of the Mac OS X base install, users of these packages seek a simpler installation mechanism that can be more easily kept up to date.

As of April 2007, over 20 million Internet domains had web services hosted on servers with PHP installed and mod_php was recorded as the most popular Apache HTTP Server module. PHP is

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COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGG DEPT

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used as the server-side programming language on 75% of all websites whose server-side programming language is known, and PHP is the most-used open source software within enterprises.web content management systems written in PHP include MediaWiki, Joomla, eZ Publish, SilverStripe, of Facebook, and Digg. WordPress, Drupal , Moodle, the user-facing portion

2.2 MySQL

MySQL is the world's most popular open source database software, with over 100 million copies of its software downloaded or distributed throughout it's history. With its superior speed, reliability, and ease of use, MySQL has become the preferred choice for Web, Web 2.0, SaaS, ISV, Telecom companies and forward-thinking corporate IT Managers because it eliminates the major problems associated with downtime, maintenance and administration for modern, online applications.

Many of the world's largest and fastest-growing organizations use MySQL to save time and money powering their high-volume Web sites, critical business systems, and packaged software including industry leaders such as Yahoo!, Alcatel-Lucent, Google, Nokia, YouTube, Wikipedia, and Booking.com.

The flagship MySQL offering is MySQL Enterprise, a comprehensive set of production-tested software, proactive monitoring tools, and premium support services available in an affordable annual subscription.

MySQL is a key part of LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP / Perl / Python), the fast-growing open source enterprise software stack. More and more companies are using LAMP as an alternative to expensive proprietary software stacks because of its lower cost and freedom from platform lock-in.
MAJOR PROJECT 13 COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGG DEPT

STUDENT PORTAL@CCET

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MySQL was originally founded and developed in Sweden by two Swedes and a Finn: David Axmark, Allan Larsson and Michael "Monty" Widenius, who had worked together since the 1980's.

2.2.1 What is MySQL?

MySQL, the most popular Open Source SQL database management system, is developed, distributed, and supported by Oracle Corporation. The MySQL Web site (http://www.mysql.com/) provides the latest information about MySQL software.

MySQL is a database management system.

A database is a structured collection of data. It may be anything from a simple shopping list to a picture gallery or the vast amounts of information in a corporate network. To add, access, and process data stored in a computer database, you need a database management system such as MySQL Server. Since computers are very good at handling large amounts of data, database management systems play a central role in computing, as standalone utilities, or as parts of other applications.

MySQL databases are relational.

A relational database stores data in separate tables rather than putting all the data in one big storeroom. The database structures are organized into physical files optimized for speed. The logical model, with objects such as databases, tables, views, rows, and columns, offers a flexible programming environment. You set up rules governing the relationships between different data fields, such as one-to-one, one-to-many, unique, required or optional, and pointers between different tables. The database enforces these rules, so that with a

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COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGG DEPT

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well-designed database, your application never sees inconsistent, duplicate, orphan, out-ofdate, or missing data. The SQL part of MySQL stands for Structured Query Language. SQL is the most common standardized language used to access databases. Depending on your programming environment, you might enter SQL directly (for example, to generate reports), embed SQL statements into code written in another language, or use a language-specific API that hides the SQL syntax.

SQL is defined by the ANSI/ISO SQL Standard. The SQL standard has been evolving since 1986 and several versions exist. In this manual, SQL-92 refers to the standard released in 1992, SQL:1999 refers to the standard released in 1999, and SQL:2003 refers to the current version of the standard. We use the phrase the SQL standard to mean the current version of the SQL Standard at any time.

The MySQL Database Server is very fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use.

If that is what you are looking for, you should give it a try. MySQL Server can run comfortably on a desktop or laptop, alongside your other applications, web servers, and so on, requiring little or no attention. If you dedicate an entire machine to MySQL, you can adjust the settings to take advantage of all the memory, CPU power, and I/O capacity available. MySQL can also scale up to clusters of machines, networked together.

You can find a performance comparison of MySQL Server with other database managers on our benchmark page. See Section 7.1.3, The MySQL Benchmark Suite.

MySQL Server was originally developed to handle large databases much faster than existing solutions and has been successfully used in highly demanding production environments for several years. Although under constant development, MySQL Server today offers a rich and

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useful set of functions. Its connectivity, speed, and security make MySQL Server highly suited for accessing databases on the Internet.

MySQL Server works in client/server or embedded systems.

The MySQL Database Software is a client/server system that consists of a multi-threaded SQL server that supports different backends, several different client programs and libraries, administrative tools, and a wide range of application programming interfaces (APIs). We also provide MySQL Server as an embedded multi-threaded library that you can link into your application to get a smaller, faster, easier-to-manage standalone product .

A large amount of contributed MySQL software is available.

MySQL Server has a practical set of features developed in close cooperation with our users. It is very likely that your favorite application or language supports the MySQL Database Server.

The official way to pronounce MySQL is My Ess Que Ell (not my sequel), but we do not mind if you pronounce it as my sequel or in some other localized way.

2.2.2 Interface

MySQL is a relational database management system (RDBMS), and ships with no GUI tools to administer MySQL databases or manage data contained within the databases. Users may use the included command line tools, or use MySQL "front-ends", desktop software and web applications that create and manage MySQL databases, build database structures, back up data, inspect status, and work with data records. The official set of MySQL front-end tools, MySQL Workbench is actively developed by Oracle, and is freely available for use.

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COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGG DEPT

STUDENT PORTAL@CCET

2013

2.2.2.1 Graphical

The official MySQL Workbench is a free integrated environment developed by MySQL AB, that enables users to graphically administer MySQL databases and visually design database structures. MySQL Workbench replaces the previous package of software, MySQL GUI Tools. Similar to other third-party packages, but still considered the authoritative MySQL front end, MySQL Workbench lets users manage database design & modeling, SQL development (replacing MySQL Query Browser) and Database administration (replacing MySQL Administrator).

MySQL Workbench is available in two editions, the regular free and open source Community Edition which may be downloaded from the MySQL website, and the proprietary Standard Edition which extends and improves the feature set of the Community Edition.

Third-party proprietary and free graphical administration applications (or "front ends") are available that integrate with MySQL and enable users to work with database structure and data visually. Some well-known front ends, in alphabetical order, are: Adminer a free MySQL front end written in one PHP script, capable of managing multiple databases, with many CSS skins available. DaDaBIK a customizable CRUD front-end to MySQL. Written in PHP. Commercial. DBEdit a free front end for MySQL and other databases. dbForge GUI Tools a set of tools for database management that includes separate applications for schema comparison and synchronization, data comparison and synchronization, and building queries. HeidiSQL a full featured free front end that runs on Windows, and can connect to local or remote MySQL servers to manage databases, tables, column structure, and individual data records. Also supports specialized GUI features for date/time fields and enumerated multiple-value fields.
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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET

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Libre Office Base Libre Office Base allows the creation and management of databases, preparation of forms and reports that provide end users easy access to data. Like Microsoft Access, it can be used as a front-end for various database systems, including Access databases (JET), ODBC data sources, and MySQL or PostgreSQL. Navicat a series of proprietary graphical database management applications, developed for Windows, Macintosh and Linux. OpenOffice.org OpenOffice.org Base can manage MySQL databases if the entire suite is installed. Free and open-source. phpMyAdmin a free Web-based front end widely installed by web hosts, since it is developed in PHP and is included in the LAMP

stack, MAMP, XAMPP and WAMP software bundle installers. SQLBuddy - a free Web-based front end, developed in PHP. Sequel Pro - a free, open-source front end for Mac OS X. SQLYog - a free community-developed UI for MySQL. Toad for MySQL a free development and administration front end for MySQL from Quest Software

Other available proprietary MySQL front ends include dbForge Studio for MySQL, DB Studio, Epictetus, Microsoft Access, Oracle SQL Developer, Schema Bank, SQLPro SQL Client, Toad Data Modeler.

2.2.2.2 Command line

MySQL ships with many command line tools, from which the main interface is 'mysql' client. Third-parties have also developed tools to manage, optimize, monitor and backup a MySQL server, some listed below. All these tools work on *NIX type operating systems, and some of them also on Windows.

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Maatkit - a cross-platform toolkit for MySQL, PostgreSQL and Memcached, developed in Perl. Maatkit can be used to prove replication is working correctly, fix corrupted data, automate repetitive tasks, and speed up servers. Maatkit is included with several GNU/Linux distributions such as CentOS and Debian and packages are available for Fedora and Ubuntu as well. As of late 2011, Maatkit is no longer developed, but Percona has continued development under the Percona Toolkit brand. XtraBackup - Open Source MySQL hot backup software. Some notable features include hot, non-locking backups for InnoDB storage, incremental backups, streaming, parallelcompressed backups, throttling based on the number of IO operations per second, etc. MySQL::Replication - a replacement for MySQL's built-in replication, developed in Perl. MySQL::Replication can be used to create a peer-to-peer, multi-master MySQL replication network.

2.2.2.3 Programming

MySQL works on many different system platforms, including AIX, BSDi, FreeBSD, HPUX, eComStation, i5/OS, IRIX, Linux, Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, NetBSD, Novell

NetWare, OpenBSD,OpenSolaris, OS/2 Warp, QNX, Solaris, Symbian, SunOS, SCO OpenServer, SCO UnixWare, Sanos and Tru64. A port of MySQL to OpenVMS also exists. MySQL is written in C and C++. Its SQL parser is written in yacc, and a home-brewed lexical analyzer. Many programming languages with language-specific APIs include libraries for

accessing MySQL databases. These include MySQL Connector/Net for integration with Microsoft's Visual Studio (languages such as C# and VB are most commonly used) and the JDBC driver for Java. In addition, an ODBC interface called MyODBC allows additional programming languages that support the ODBC interface to communicate with a MySQL database, such as ASP orColdFusion. The HTSQL - URL-based query method also ships with a MySQL adapter, allowing direct interaction between a MySQL database and any web client via structured URLs.

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET 2.2.3 Features of MySQL:

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Relational Database System. Client/Server Architecture. SQL compatibility. SubSELECTs. Stored procedures. Triggers. Platform independence

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CHAPTER-3 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET 3. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

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3.1 Existing System

The site provides information about the college like: History of the college College campus Faculty information Hostle facilities Staff information Contacts of the college Branch informations

3.2 Problem Analysis

In our project we analyses the problem as follows: Sometimes due to some reasons students have to take leaves from the college and thereby missing their important lectures and the notes delivered. Problems are faced when any important notices and news has to be urgently brought into knowledge of students and teachers Its difficult for the administrative authority to have a feedback and response from the STAFF and the STUDENTS in the college hours.

3.3 Purpose of the Project The main goal of this portal is the notes and other study materials provided by the faculties of the college that will help the students in a greater extent Students have the facility of online exams for testing their skills.

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET 3.4 Advantage of the Project :

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The website provides a brief about the college and college history. The website can be viewed at leisure from anywhere where there is the availability of internet. The website can be viewed 24 X 7. The attractive and user friendly interface will attract the users to join it and use its attractive features. The faculties and the H.O.D.s have the facility to upload the notes and other study materials. Videos of important classes can also be uploaded or downloaded from the site. The site will help the students to have study materials for their reference. The users have the facility of online test of different type and categories.

3.5 Disadvantages of the Project: The features provided can only be viewed by the college members only. Students can become lenient for their classes. Interaction with Professors is limited.

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CHAPTER-4 METHODOLOGY

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET 4. METHODOLOGY

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4.1 Requirement Analysis

4.1.1 Hardware Requirements-

Personal Computer Memory Hard Disk Processor Disk Space Keyboard Mouse Monitor Printer
4.1.2 Software Requirements-

: : : : : : : : :

PC/XT/AT 128 MB RAM or higher 5 GB Pentium III or above 80 GB or higher Standard 101 keys PC Mouse SVGA Monitor or VGA 80 or 132 Column DMP

Operating system Front end Back end Editor

: : : :

WINDOWS XP and above. PHP 5. MySQL . Adobe Dreamweaver.

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4.2 Model Used (Evolutionary Prototyping Model)

It refers to the activity of creating prototypes of software applications, for example, incomplete versions of the software program being developed. It is an activity that can occur in software development. It used to visualize some component of the software to limit the gap of misunderstanding the customer requirements by the development team. This also will reduce the iterations may occur in waterfall approach and hard to be implemented due to inflexibility of the waterfall approach. So, when the final prototype is developed, the requirement is considered to be frozen. It has some types, such as: Throwaway prototyping: Prototypes that are eventually discarded rather than becoming a part of the finally delivered software

Evolutionary prototyping: prototypes that evolve into the final system through iterative incorporation of user feedback.

Incremental prototyping: The final product is built as separate prototypes. At the end the separate prototypes are merged in an overall design.

Extreme prototyping: used at web applications mainly. Basically, it breaks down web development into three phases, each one based on the preceding one. The first phase is a static prototype that consists mainly of HTML pages. In the second phase, the screens are programmed and fully functional using a simulated services layer. In the third phase the services are implemented.

The idea behind this is that an initial prototype is presented to the user. They provide feedback and suggestions for improvements.

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These are actioned by the developer who then presents a more refined prototype. The user once more provides feedback. The process is repeated.

So at each stage the prototype 'evolves' towards the final system.

Fig: 4.1: Evolutionary Prototyping Model

4.2.1 Features: Developers build a prototype during the requirements phase. Prototype is evaluated by end users. Users give corrective feedback. Developers further refine the prototype. When the user is satisfied, the prototype code is brought up to the standards needed for a final product.

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET 4.2.2 Steps: A preliminary project plan is developed. A partial high-level paper model is created. The model is source for a partial requirements specification. A prototype is built with basic and critical attributes. The designer builds the database user interface algorithmic functions

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The designer demonstrates the prototype; the user evaluates for problems and suggests improve. This loop continues until the user is satisfied.

4.2.3 Advantage: Customers can see the system requirements as they are being gathered. Developers learn from customers. A more accurate end product. Unexpected requirements accommodated. Steady, visible signs of progress produced. Interaction with the prototype stimulates awareness of additional needed functionality.

4.2.4 Disadvantage: Tendency to abandon structured program development for code-and-fix development. Bad reputation for quick-and-dirty methods. Overall maintainability may be overlooked. The customer may want the prototype delivered.

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET Process may continue forever (scope creep)

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4.3 Data Flow Diagram:

4.3.1 Notations:

Data-Flows show the movement of data in a specific direction from the source to the destination. It represents a packet of data.

Processes show the operations performed on the data, which transform it from input to output.

Sources and Destinations of data are the external sources and destinations of data, which may be people, programs, organizations or other entities interacting with the system, but are outside its boundary.

Data Stores are places where data are stored such as files and tables.

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Context Level Dfd:

Level 0:

Fig.:4.2 level 0 data flow diagram.

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET Level 1:

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Fig.:4.3 level 1 data flow diagram.

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Level 1.1:

Fig.:4.4 level 1.1 data flow diagram.

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Level 1.2:

Fig.:4.5 level 1.2 data flow diagram.

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET Level 1.3:

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Fig.:4.6 level 1.3 data flow diagram.

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CHAPTER-5 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

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5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

5.1 Snapshots of the Project:

Fig: 5.1 User select & login Window

Fig:5.2 Admins Dashboard Window

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Fig:5.3 HOD information Window

Fig: 5.4 Student Information Windows

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Fig:5.5 Faculty Information

Fig: 5.6 Notes uploaded

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET 5.2 Structure of the Database Table:-

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The tables shown below are the ones used in the database of the project. There are a total of 11 tables used in this project.

Table 5.1: admin table structure Field no 1 2 Field name username password Type varchar varchar Size 10 10 Constraint Not null Not null

Table 5.2: faculty table structure Field no 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Field name name last name username password reentered-passdword department faculty-id contact no. email-id address Type varchar varchar varchar varchar varchar varchar varchar decimal varchar varchar Size 10 10 20 15 15 12 20 10,0 20 100 Constraint Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null

Table 5.3: student table structure Field no 1 2 3 4 Field name name last name username password Type varchar varchar varchar varchar Size 15 10 20 20 Constraint Not null Not null Not null Not null

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 re-entered password roll_number email_id contact no. branch semester address varchar decimal varchar decimal Varchar Varchar varchar 20 10,0 25 10,0 5 10 30 Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null

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Table 5.4: notes table structure Field no 1 2 3 4 5 Field name Bname Sem Fname note_id flag Type varchar varchar varchar int int Size 10 10 30 11 1 Constraint Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null

Table 5.5: hod table structure Field no 1 2 3 4 Field name department username password name Type varchar Varchar Varchar varchar Size 15 20 20 25 Constraint Not null Not null Not null Not null

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET Table 5.6: faculty_id table structure Field no 1 2 Field name s_no. faculty_id Type int varchar Size 2 10 Constraint Not null Not null

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Table 5.7: feedback table structure Field no 1 2 Field name fdb s_no. Type varchar int Size 50 2 Constraint Not null Not null

Table 5.8: mst question table structure Field no 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Field name ques_id test_id ques_desc ans1 ans2 ans3 ans4 true_ans Flag Type int int varchar varchar varchar varchar varchar int int Size 3 3 150 75 75 75 75 1 1 Constraint Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null Not null

Table 5.9: mst subject table structure Field no 1 2 Field name sub_id sub_name Type int varchar Size 5 25 Constraint Not null Not null

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET Table 5.10: mst test table structure Field no 1 2 3 4 Field name test_id sub_id test_name total_que Type int int varchar varchar Size 5 5 30 15 Constraint Not null Not null Not null Not null

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Table 5.11: mst useranswer table structure Field no 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Field name sess_id test_id ques_desc ans1 ans2 ans3 ans4 true_ans your_ans Type varchar int varchar varchar varchar varchar varchar int int Size 80 11 200 50 50 50 50 11 11 Constraint -

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CHAPTER-6 CONCLUSION AND SCOPE OF FURTHER WORK

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET 6. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE OF WORK

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6.1 Conclusion

This project is successful in developing the software based on an existing system and we learned how to create our dash boards using PHP and how can it improvise new methods to make it more convenient for the user to handle the activities to be performed on the site. The Student Portal provides a number of features that can be useful for both the students as well as the faculties.

This project provides the teaching staff with the facility of uploading notes and other study materials and the students those who are registered can download the notes which are approved by the admin, which will help the students in a greater extent. The key feature of the project is the online test facility. The user can test their ability by timely appearing for the test which consists of different categories of questions.

6.2 Scope of Further Work:

We have tried to achieve our project goals but there are some enhancements too. They are: We would like to add a new module for notifications which will help our college students to get a notification message regarding the assignments given in the class, campus drives and any other events through email or message on their mobile phones such that even if they dont have an internet connection or they are not available to open the site, they can see the news feeds and be informed about what is going on in the college. Secondly we would like to add the flash news and the events corner which displays the latest developments, announcements and events associated with the college.

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STUDENT PORTAL@CCET REFERENCES

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Intrusion Detection with SNORT: Advanced IDS Techniques Using SNORT, Apache, MySQL, PHP, and ACID Rafeeq Ur Rehman

http://www.informit.com/onlinebooks PHP 5 Power Programming Lynda.com.PHP.With.MySQL.Essential.Training W3 SCHOOLS

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