Y

Z
X

(1)



V

y (1) (2) (left & right)
n
z
x

(X,Y,Z)



How to compute
( )
CS
p
e V n dA

| |
+
|
\ .
}}
------ (A)
cos V n v n u =
at plane (1): ( ) cos 1 1
x
V n V V u = = ------- (B)




n
V





At plane (2), ( ) cos 1 1
x
V n v V u = = ------- (C)





V

N
(2)






Y
Z
X


Y
Z
X
2
2
:
2
V
:
2
:
V
mean kinectic energy
e gy U gy potential energy
U energy

= + +

internal
------ (D)
Applying (A),(B),(C),(D) at planes (1) and (2), one obtains:
z y
p
U gy V
p
U gy V
x x x x x
A A
(
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ + +
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ + +
A +

2
V
2
V
2 2




(4)

y A ( bottom & top)

(3) z A
x A

(X,Y,Z)

Similarly, applying (A), (B),(C) & (D) at planes (3) and (4), one obtains:
2 2
V V
2 2
y y y y y
p p
V gy U V gy U x z

+A
(
| | | |
+ + + + + + A A
(
| |
( \ . \ .








y (5) (6) (front & back)

z
x

(X,Y,Z)


Applying (A), (B),(C) & (D) at planes (5) and (6), one obtains:
2 2
V V
2 2
z z z z z
p p
V gy U V gy U x y

+A
(
| | | |
+ + + + + + A A
(
| |
( \ . \ .




Dt
DT
C T k
v
q
= u + + V V
-

where
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
c
c
c
c
= V
z
T
y
T
x
T
T , , , ------gradient of a scalar is vector
| |
, ,
, ,
T T T
k T k k k
x y z
T T T
k T k k k
x y z
| | c c c
V =
|
c c c
\ .
( | | c c c
V V = V
( |
c c c
\ .


|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
c
c
c
c
= V
z y x
, ,
? = V A where A= (a
1,
a
2,
a
3
)
=
z
a
y
a
x
a
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
3 2 1
------ divergence of a vector is scalar


vector scalar
gradient
divergence
V
V
*

| | ) ( ) ( ) (
z
T
k
z y
T
k
y x
T
k
x
T k
c
c
c
c
+
c
c
c
c
+
c
c
c
c
= V V


:
Dt
DT
Substantial derivative
z
T
u
y
T
u
x
T
u
t
T
z y x
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
+
c
c
=

This term vanishes if there is no convective flow contribution

-
q : Heat generation per unit volume unit time
: dissipation function

(
(

|
.
|

\
|
c
c
+
c
c
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
+
c
c
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
+
c
c
+
(
(

|
.
|

\
|
c
c
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
+ |
.
|

\
|
c
c
=
2
2 2
2
2
2
2
z
V
x
V
y
V
z
V
x
V
y
V

z
V
y
V
x
V

x z z
y y
x z
y
x