Modern Chess Openings by Reuben FinePREFACE TO THE SIXTH EDITION In the Sixth Edition of this book there is a notable change, which we are sure that all our supporters will appreciate. While we were considering the advisability of bringing it out in the current year we were approached by Mr. Reuben Fine with a suggestion that he should under- take the task of revision; and we gladly agreed. Reuben Fine needs no introduction to those who are interested in the game of chess. His past achievements had already made him famous; and he added another glorious chapter to the story of his career, just as he had finished his work for us, by tieing for the first place in the great “AV.R.0." Tournament towards the end of 1938. Naturally we gave our reviser a free hand in dealing with his task, merely reserving to ourselves the editorial right of making such slight changes in his text as might seem to us necessary. Mr. Fine, however, scrupulously adhered to the traditions of Modern Chess Openings, while availing himself fully of the privilege which must be con~ ceded to a master of his rank of expressing his personal opinions on the lines of play which are illustrated in the book, and altering as he thought fit the introductions to the various openings. In comparing this new edition with its predecessor we may note that it contains 332 pages and 1,215 columns, as against 300 pages and 1,060 columns of seven years ago. We have glally got rid of the cumbrous device of Addendo, which was forced upon us by circumstances of production in 1932. We have also, in deference to Mr. Fine’s wishes, abandoned the use of “starred” columns to indicate what appears to be the best line of play for both sides. In his preface the reviser explains the system adopted by him in appraising lines of play, so no comment on it is needed from us.PREFACE TO THE SIXTH EDITION ‘The only difficulty which arose in the completion of this edition was caused by our desire to introduce new variations from the “A.V.R.O.” Tournament after the manuscript had been sent to the printers and was in process of being set up. The printer's work was held back sufficiently to permit the mention of the most important of these; and it so happened that this delay made it possible to put in some of the novelties from the Hastings Tourna- ment of 1938-39 and a few from the Leningrad-Moscow Tournament this year. In conclusion we should like to convey our personal thanks to Mr. Fine for the admirable way in which he has carried out his revision (on which point we think our readers will agree), and to acknowledge how little he left us to do. The manuscript was typed by his wife, and the printers had no difficulty on the score of illegibility. We desire also to express our gratitude to all who have helped us in the preparation of this new edition, and especially to our assistants in the exacting work of reading the proofs, with particular mention of Messrs. F. J. Camm and R, Hutter, and Sir Gilbert Jackson. ‘Tae Eprrors. London, Januarv, 1930.PREFACE Tu task of revising Modern Chess Openings has been both arduous and pleasant; arduous because of the almost endless ramifications of modern opening theory, which necessitated the examination of the openings of thousands of games; pleasant because the result is a solution, albeit an incomplete one, to the complicated labyrinth. I have been guided by the principle of the earlier editions, that this work is intended to be both modern and practical. For that reason I have enlarged the sections on the Queen’s side openings and the Ruy Lopez, as these are the sine qua non of contemporary tournaments, although I have refrained from paying too much attention to any particular variation in these openings, since the practical player must be acquainted with a great number of different lines. I wish to express my grateful thanks to various friends who have helped me; particularly to Mr. Fred Reinfeld for his countless invaluable suggestions, and to Mr. Sidney Bernstein for reading the manuscript. Revpen Fine. New York, December 20th, 1938.PREFATORY NOTES ‘Tue arrangement of openings in alphabetical order seems to us most suitable for a book on Chess Openings. At the same time there is the difficulty of finding irregular openings or those infrequently played. For such the student must refer to the general index, which has been considerably altered for this new edition, ‘We have evaluated the variations by means of a number of symbols which are extensively used in all chess publica- tions, For those who are unfamiliar with their exact meaning we append a short glossary. ++ (after White move) White has a winning advantage. +++ (after Black move) Black has a winning advantage. + (after White move) White has a distinct superiority, but there is no question of a forced win. + (after Black move) Black has a distinct ‘but there is no question of a White stands slightly better. ¥F Black stands slightly better. = The position is even, ‘Where a variation is given without any evaluating symbol or comment, it can be assumed that the position reached is one where both sides have good chances, and that considerable analysis is required to come to a definite conclusion. In doubtful cases we would not recommendPREFATORY NOTES our readers to forego their own judgment; for an attacking player with a Pawn to the bad might consider his position to be an adequate return, whereas a more cautious player might come to the opposite conclusion. For the benefit of the student unfamiliar with a particular opening, who wishes to acquaint himself with the leading variations, we would recommend in the first place a careful study of the introductory remarks. To obtain a preliminary view of the opening, the variations given in the footnotes may frequently be neglected for the time being. It is particularly advisable that a player should endeavour to ascertain for himself the why and wherefore of certain moves, the habit of playing a series of book- moves by heart leading to disaster when the opponent deviates from the book. We have endeavoured to arrange the columns in the simplest possible form for reference, and this has rendered necessary a considerable amount of transposition of the opening moves, mainly in the sections dealing with the Queen’s side openings and the Ruy Lopez. It is necessary to state this in order to avoid being charged with erroneous records of actual games. We have drawn attention, as far as possible, to the cases where one opening transposes into another.NOTATION For the benefit of such of our readers as are not familiar with the English notation of the chessboard and the names of the pieces, we give a diagram of the board showing the (English) descriptive and the algebraic names of the squares and a table of equivalents in various foreign languages for the symbols of the English chess pieces. The Board: (race) . 8 7 7 fa ‘ + s ‘ ‘ 3 3 ‘ 1 A BC DE F G #H (oentre) The Symbols Bag Go. Fe Tk Spem Dut. Flom Ham Coch Pol. Rass K K R RR K K K K K Kp Q@DDODDODODvYOD Ee RT TTTT?TTBVY Wa BL FA AL LF $ 6 ¢ Kes ¢ C C P P HJ S§ Kk ®) P P P @) @®) G P) ® (~ALEKHINE’S DEFENCE Tuts defence to 1 P—K 4, which in our 1925 edition was characterized as “bizarre,” has met with the fate which often awaits openings that at first seem bizarre, and has now come to be regarded as normal. 1.4, KtKB3, although known as a playable move long before the present Champion's days, was introduced as a tournament weapon by Alekhine at Budapest in 1921, and quickly grew in favour. In this decade the defence hhas lost much of its erstwhile popularity, but it is still often adopted by Euwe, Flohr, Reshevsky, and Fine. ‘The distinguishing feature of the defence is that, con- trary to all the tenets of the classical school, Black allows his King’s Knight to be driven about the board in the early stages of the game, in the expectation of provoking a weak- ness in White's centre Pawns. Tartakover aptly remarks that White has his initiative to defend: but if he is successful Black’s position remains fearfully cramped. ‘The variations which were the earliest to assume a certain appearance of regularity are represented in cols. 1 to 3. They give rise to extremely difficult positions in which White's centre proves difficult to maintain. Black’s development, apart from the Knight temporarily misplaced on QKt3, leaves little to be desired. ‘The simplifying variation in cols. 4 and 5 is easier for White to play, but yields him no advantage whatsoever. The line in col. 6, played by Alekhine in the highly important 29th match game against Euwe in 1935, has since been exhaustively analysed and need not be feared by Black, The simple continuation in col. 7 is one of the few lines where prevail- ing theory prefers White. Dr. Lasker’s move 4P—B 5 is shown in cols. 8 to 10. If White wishes to avoid equality, he can adopt the com- plicated attacking variation in col. 10. Lajos Steiner's2 ALEKHINE’S DEFENCE, move 4P—QKt3 (col. 11) is also worthy of attention. Black does best to adopt the simplifying line in note (6). In cols. 12 to 17 White omits for the time being a second driving move against Black's Knight by P—QB 4. Botvinnik scored a memorable success against Flohr with this line at Moscow, 1936, but in a later game Flohr improved upon his earlier play. Bédk’s move (col. 12, note (4)) is a recent attempt to avoid Flohr's equalising line. In cols. 18 to 20 White does not even make the first drive by P—K 5, substituting quiet development. Thereby he avoids the weakness attendant on the advance of his Pawn, without, however, placing such difficulties in Black's way as in the earlier columns. Notes for eal x t0.5 (p-3) etd. 8 RXKS RPXBy 16 PRP, BXP; 17 QxQeh BHO: 18 RAP, op -ifls'E. Mileta Sie, boreeposaeace,1621,'7 "Oe Bx OE 3 Spe SQ Oa MEE gS sae PO pone grace ac Tb other ves ba mee SRD Magee ge ets 8 Sten RAS EG LRS, Kikp B08; 17 KHIO |g. vs SURO: Bade Tadat ton ae ene? Ree ERR KE IG ee ta eh cr pla! DERE Spek nese qkeve 2; Pa Kes, Kia; 11 B62 wens: SM REGS BRE, BE BS Stile PesALEKHINE'S DEFENCE 3 (PAK 4, KK B3; 2PLKs, KtQ4: 3 PQB4, KtKt33 Ege 1 2 8 : : orbs scBxP Be Rew) 6 BPxP Kt—-OB3) RS, EBB 7 B~K3(@) BAK; a} Bae so, BQ3 poy o-8 9 Keb kkk EB m.o0 Bias RB! BKs BRS 6-0 EB, S20 67 CR. MBCKS@ 0-0 9-9 PORRs..R-Q RS Bape? $8, $08, Boke ERE koe Pee” KER g-Q2 QBS BAR, Bxp Bap ORR, Soke, BECQR) POs) KB BRB! ROK: See? RSP Roxen BOBS? wit Bx’ Popes gra: SZ REtitten Ee, BOBS? RAGA 15 QxQch=(e) ® BxKt POs Bop aa PxB() Kt -Ki= (m) BxB= (n) se BERR HERS RR ANE REE EO Ea Re ee BREUSS 04 he Sas Shon SEN Re PBST) Gd, RD eae! fy ey -Lbveaicbe Leningrad, 1098: PAB (lL Ba, KixBP; 2 Beh erp aE REE 1, ee wat ie bea OEE, BEES Be 9a! aes AG ShRmO RA, Peg 12 BRS I7 2 Bee and 12 Keer ae oie ig Rha Bets Re ester ts e Sy — aS. RQ bag benny of 18, BX Ke, PB 7 BBS ig BESTE BAS. PMR ble EARS, RET vent, Venn, O88. ‘A ood alternative. 12 PB 6 (out sob 19 KK KE 87, nA 5 Res Bt, fom ee pie feet aeearite se ed chat Bege Sa Ere CRE AEE ata SOS ieiggtmeat bets AAS kata lad Signs Akt: MxRAO:, Omar HO-ws Kee Need hoe Boas, Note eon 8.24 ALEKHINE’S DEFENCE 1 PKs, KKB 3; 2 PKs, KO 4:3 PBs, Ktokts. 6 1 8 ° 10 ABD re 93) Kes 5 KtKB3 Kt—9 Bs. BOKts Rbokt 6 BK:. QPxKE(e) Px P93 0) K TP-Bs() BOK2() BPxP() BOK3 — QPxKE poKs” Bok2 Kpxp” Pooks BxP BPxKt «Kt; Kt By PxP PxkE © 0-0 KtB 34) RPxP 9 BxP PQKts BQBs Reps BOB (9 Bebo -ROKy BORa* KiB} PoOS 10 QxB_ OO BBs, B93 0-0-0 RPXP@ BOB; 0-0 BOR3 Ke-Q2 nQxP BK; O09 o9 BO3 Keg: KtB3 0 PxP BoKe BORD BB, RB: KtxPa() R-Kr= PKR, PKG! PoQ4 PoQBe 13 BxP() PBs RR Kxs) eB: P. my PxKt | PHKR3 Bktscb— ‘£0 @ (ol The sete variation 7 exe?) BBS & alGH ORR Setated bya go Kelana ft Sao 12 Boas Geka is GRAS ERS fe, QAO RE: Ie B04, a= aaa i}, Memory by; it KS PE is Gekes, OW0| IPG RLS PB Ae apaideicr at afer BB) Eis Se Be'p by ae Gh drawing hanows, but afte 19... g Kedy 1 Guieas we OCR MATRA Ra Meh Rcd Rag ® salt “Huwe, 29th mateh game, 1938. Black drew fairly easily, despite the GO TPCERA Moke ames oat, o ha baky Worm ech TREE CNG MAE Mio Trae Bay ee Ke Sasso tek pier aye Ps KP ORS; vo RRO RO IEE See gol MEUM EOH BPA KENBES UCOR I O92 Ta EEE feailee cee tres, F W590 Reb ss TD PKP,BxP; 12 P94, BkALEKHINE’S DEFENCE 5 Tie Reka SN RD 2 ARS Tes ay EBB ty BEDE Rew EE shar beg rea Ke-B3 PLOBSI()..Kt-QB3 BoKts > Ke-b3 6KtKB3 O04) oo BOK? KtKB3 PHQ4” BxKt) PoK3 BK? PO4 PRP op. BRB PQBy 0-0 PxP op TORR? BR RRS ReSens BARS P04 PRP OPAP | ReKY UBS EM, @ Bk, FEB S'S sP-Qs” OKs E-QKts QKt-p2 Keke o-82o EF BORE? QB? BS B-Ka PBs BOK} Keep! Pugs bh RR, CS BY RMse HQKiQ2 BK, Kis BLK Kts Sce®? EGS Be ES WBxXB -PBy PBs PER Row, Pokk, Kegs Bxxe 15 BK 4+) BR3=0) PRtgt () BeBe () Or tg PWR KES) § BoH2 (5 Poms, Hin g4s 8 BoB, PKS Pea eR SY, SORE EBS RAGS PPS EOE SY SPL r LPL sae een aa ay Re Syoereeys tte Gatton, Zppat 188s" “EER ff) BosPoiea: MP=KE G09; 1SQ—B2. 1 SulnePe, utapny i igs BRP, § ROAD, PHS @. 8-08, Q-Q2; 7 09, Kexkt, SERS EE GARNISH io PAB UEC RE REY Thigering,gBcBdsbeye ol 8-03, 0-92.6,,, Boxes), «73.4 Rae wae Pte LGR OR OR RCE SATB SEee Hipteita ia Sah kai dem ky G=0; WPI RSL,) Becker—Crindale, Vience, fee ‘ * DSL EPGERD Brkt, @ OD, Pus 7 PrP, Po, 9 Pace ec FREAD ESS OPGPRG LEN WR BEERS Baxg.R—n as SPR aoe oo) ren fetes SUK SS RB EER ERP RE Hes ae Es LOE ES ORE RE Reet eee a Bice Brekidt aS HERE ASCE noses Tea Tee ee imatinn6 ALEKHINE’S DEFENCE 1 PK 4, KK B3. 8 8 2 Ks). Kio 8 (K-94) PO (a) Keg3 Px? 3 ERIS EA GREPKKE.QPxKE B-By REP) PXP P—Q3 3 (ce) Kt—Kt3 (e) KtxP OKtxP SEKBs KisBy) BoKty Keaks Ke-KBs ECRRY, Bia’? OW, Eb Rikeed CREB; QxQch PLOI() POKR4W) QxKE BHKt2- KxQ P—K3(g) KKt-B3 P—Q4 P Kor, PoKS THORS, BEE: ook 8 B-O3 B-QB4 PQs 88? ERS eats 90-0 BBs Ba3 es. 234 Ra Ky BOKKty BK; PBs PKs PxP -Kt-Qa Kt-Q2(s) Kt-By(@ Q—Kts HEPA? eB; POy Qui E02 Rev, KER, FStes EBSim Oko ta PB3=@) BK2= PAPE KERISH() KixO= @ aC oP CRA PNY, P98 BORE! SRD BEBE! Jadbsct “alti, Budapest, 10th. nena O) ge KIERS; 1S KEKES, PORRS; M4 KLK A, Grob—Grtnels eet Bist ofS aE BSAE ERE EGBA: ¢ RDA MODS: 708 yagi Wien PADS; 14 Mak Mie Tnm—Rah alla hehe gales oly samp X29, tee Tw vile is Rar By ea gee putea teak Bitiad Pbk oO) LOG Py MRL Gare pores tie anna : Eee eeee izgrd Pha; te veal Essa B24? QaP% OD 8O-KI2e CEmath Tne () pin ons 8 1 Seca a ape SPR EMER RS SE EE a eeptee mcene ‘ich debathawt beet sir, ox-au mmees, Woe om 2ALEKHINE’S DEFENCE 7 Notes for cols. 6 to 10 ext. () 0 Rtas 1K Ba POR Kia, 8 Boge Bote: 9 (Woe RSLS Sey, Bxb st Oob as (9.957 BO D489 eCSperh 7. (Kiem a andl KBD PARE, roe dihscbay ie Saas, 9° SREEENG eS RUS BR ARES Regt ib RSG da kta Pack EIR, SSUrE beh Pde ACO ag, BS OM Oh apeiaets B-ER: AbaR MG hat te (Tartakover). a (9 Gstaad, 08 1) ses met ghd EEA SNARE WE RPE cE TSA ee PLE IPSS sas egite gues ae Weenink—1 ed Ladi 1994. eaemael PAIS DPEMBGMELInaNB Binge dep toga: pen Fishdslaes ase fe Sees 8 OOK: (f) Waite bas « stong attack, Schware—Hertog, corseependence, 1926-28. 18 Ach, SRS RES Naw oro rss neg RS MSE Besta pan SPAR RGSL! BRACE ME BPR Saag G19.) POORS; 14 RKC. Tavtahover—Takacs, Budapest, 1028, 2 Re SSMS RETA ENE ORS ES Bie tides, @oitsahs UM Gu Qua Par fivmAlotrgy <1, Nece, Bish deel Wika aves ko gugaeel 18 KU“KS (YateSaceonl, Marae, wong b-997 0-08 uD pCR GRISEA AY BPR RE Teint Dresden, as nag ere sng Bee 8 KCK SL, BOB AG 7 Boos mem, 1 CR ERS MSTRER BSL RS GES, eesti eee RS) Gres BULL Resvalyy emer dr Nous for colt. x6 t 20 ct. Eisfieue un 9934 gk See seen RAR NRCG Ress Spagna tSnehe, Sed match eine, 188° Oi) @ Kio, Key Kteh, 7 Ov Kt, Kt, § KIS, B_O2, Vou raft nat Berns ok, °6 BEES Betas iatovSion” (1) Bete Kee Kee (Breslemane. (os) Beiter ie 11,4, PRP] IEKUKHY, BXKES 19 KEXP, D—O2. 18000; oA, Bina Ten, ope Stn 18 oo hhlel TESA Sta? PRS tte! ERE Nala! Bai Ba (9) 08.4, POA} 4 BPXP, Keokt6 (Alekhine) (@) Ninaovted—Alestine, New Yerk, 1077.BIRD’S OPENING ‘Tue opening which begins with P—K B 4, known in Holland and Germany as the Dutch Attack, is, in spite of White's move in hand, subject to the objection that Black ex- periences no difficulties in development; and it is for that reason rarely tried by modern masters. Schlechter’s variation (cols. 1 and 2) and the Tine in col. 3, played by Dr. Lasker recently in an important game, may be recommended as a simple method of defence for the second player. The King’s fianchetto development for Black is another excellent line. Here Black not only avoids the dangers which an early development of his Queen's Knight involves, but also nullifies the effect of the White Queen's Bishop on the long diagonal. With Bird’s favourite Queen's fianchetto for White in this opening should be compared the manceuvre in Nimzo- vitch’s Attack. See page 110, where the similarity of the plans of campaign is noted. The old English master had conceived the general idea of the attack long before the great modern exponent of enterprise in the chess openings. In the From Gambit Black sacrifices a Pawn for a counter-attack. In the light of recent games and analvs (notably by Tartakover) the main variation beginning wi P—KKt4 is insufficient against best play, and the gambit must consequently be considered unsound. Col. 10 is a recent example of an unusual gambit Tine. Notes for colt. 1 t0 5 (p.9) etd. sg ARR TATE THLE, EE NEE gees SORTER, ath TAME ahs ROR ESE PERM “Paty adhd SB Soha ToOLG eps; N10 ke BS Ke KS Roce bar ie ees Rack 1.5. Babee Rew Varks tant 8 PSP™ duisgark Pont: T4KDeB P,PRS, Cipatlance—BIRD'S OPENING 9 TPR Bs 1 2 8 + 5 1 P04 2POK) Reus. 2 “PLR Kt 3 KKB PB gi KKB Boxtsd) op, ROSS EGS Iy PLKR3( P_QKi3@) KioB3 Bese Bake Bene 9 poRIS@ Bgps Boke SBxB OMB BOK: Ku-B3Bxnich OkoaaSkeo2 BOsm So? EARS POs B03 Kia KtoB3 fs FoGks Bury Boxy GO BxP BK 4? KoB; Koz; Food eB. KK s Keke Pxpi PLS RRB, PB4 | BXBP | OKtxKt | Kt—Kt3 pos} ono Bye BRS BQ? Kt Ks PQ, Po; BQ; KK O78} BOR} PBs Keon; B-Q2 0 8 Re rae ERs ae ts eae 19g) EE EU PRES aaa eae 0) Senay Yuin tnaeie BE noma eaten Se Ate SrO Ne ges 2 hogs Koka pags anny EMG PERT AEGS i BAB Bo igiapen eats tnt ‘ ; leieentee $y SPY Baa Seay se ee ee, in ef ESE ition bas Pacore Stonewall Defence inthe Quetas Paws Gam. he cov Biden’ Roe Sisal Deere Qu 1H05 BGRSE Sh BD cain pont et ack bat 4 Bina; gypviktch Pewee Pee ous Be ine Pavoni Hostage Sess} tects White’ et posites hie Gente 1 ftgB9;, @BOKIS, O-Ktg? 7 GK, B02: § BxKt, BB; onthe BORE) id eGR BAAR ER RARE! ABA RED ) Seowsd 12 F-O4, Peps. 13 Pep PogKta, te Begs, DoKt2; ws ORE RR Rede EER ER OR Gt ad ebranesh of davis Tartakove-aner! Saige Wag Bo Soe PHS UHR) en 6, PBS (Tartaboe) are ood en ots 9.810 BIRD'S OPENING 1 PKB, 6 7 8 9 10 1 KLK B3..PHK4() 2P-K3 PxP PK 4 POKKt3 P93 PxP 3P-QKty PxP P-93 (A) BoKea? BxP PRS 4BUKte Kt BxP PQs POR KtGt BURBS SEUKB3 PO... we PLRKts P04 oto? PCRS Ponta PRS OBR: KKs...Ktokts PQs BHO} Oke Bae "GRah) POR, Rea, OO” PKB 9-03) KiER4 PLOR. 728, Shon ERE, SOG TRA SPB, KxQ PKR; KiKta Ker BoOkes Ke QB; Ke-GB3—) PRs Pooits oQ-B: B-Ktsi PxP_ B-By 0-0 Sete ker’? Res BoRby BOR woR Oy, KBs Q-OKty KeBs Kgs Sie, BRS BES? pe? Paes wHeB;) PK) Rx?) BMP BOBS Pogks; PRB; RXR KOKBs BoKta 2 PKs HO OxKtEA) KeBet EE © QxKt+o +0) £0 goer ae TE een RS ANKE aa KES. Han ent Bite g eee Eira iii te uN Ranger ia Pom cee Ruta EEE Pee WBOKE sokS8. “Seamer match 182 manere ee Done mtn fen SepeOo ton she ghR2: LE Be 2 Ro PA EMR Nar Lee Pe ee Eee eee Hegre Sig FolsGagy, tm); U2 QP RA) sod wale as bong at SEM Aeon en pamge; weer gters meas afd GRE EASE BRAN 28 BPE, tt sels peaeelioees op WBE DEMO RARE OF MAO KR, ISRO PHP ae om 8.1. KOCK, PX; 1SKEQ5, BOOB 1, BitarBIRD'S OPENING u Notes for cols. 6 to roctd. PRBS, RCP Ric, be Bb saay Wak, Beaks Geb ond: AG RU cK R I; IS" x'a, toes “Chentoverb" Rabmmawten tee, O°” 12.,, LOK; 19 KOK, BxKt; 14 Bikey. Hellnag~Steantmas sree Sas BST p_BRPA TRUSSES ESO BERTH: 4A REA oe Sre Gamti, 33 niseg woth s Seni keseas ESSE JESRE MC RIa Seen yb Uougeh ng! Ke Sat eS Kirga! a Kekba Bde Woes Rg bee BOER Meo TAS, ‘he pouion abort eve i) Camined. 12 PB, O=0 eae eae Ra Pook: 4 PAQR4? k Bibel 03eeBISHOP’S OPENING ‘Tus method of development is, in its distinctive variations a branch of the open game, leading to attractive combina. tion-play without emphasizing the advantage of the move. Black having at his disposal a choice of three good replies in 2..., Kt-K B 3, 2..., B—B 4, and 2..., P—QB3, Black should be on his guard against attempts to transpose into prepared variations of other débuts, this being one of the chief characteristics of the Bishop's Opening. ‘The Berlin Defence, 2... Kt-K B3 (cols. x to 6), is the one approved by the majority of present-day players, and the most analysed, It gives Black good prospects, should he successfully ward off the various sacrificial attacks White can inaugurate at the cost of a Pawn, The enduring and somewhat cramping attack in col. r is adequate com- pensation for the material given up. The Boden-Kieseritzky Gambit (col, 6) is unsound, White being confronted with an unbreakable barrier of Black Pawns. ‘The Classical Defence, 2..., B—B4 (cols. 7 and 8), limits White's opportunity for speculative attack, and yields ‘equality of chances. Black may obtain a safe game without any risks, by the adoption of the defence based on 2..., P—QB3 (cols. 9 and 10), a move which forestalls White's intention of building up a Pawn-centre. tes for eas £05 (p29) 1 aiiplenirnretee Qtech: SPKIS, AUR: (KK TAR ARGE SIS Re anda 0) POET OED ORRRSS yarn cna ea PeE! Orem MOK: CEG ARES Se ae KES; TR—K 1+ (sen Two Knights’ Defence). a (ms pPoQey SK PRE (© BPXP. KUGPH, KPxP; 7 Bx , wee bree SERIE BGR UT fhasiian.” RPAPE 7 BxPr O70: wee USE IESE PaPE 1 BaP (Q KP i wore, ) 19g PoK KES: 14 BRI, Ket soiled eRe, Siva ae ® JnKeSt; 2 B-O BA, 183-92, PQS: 16 KIRABISHOP'S OPENING 3 2 KK B3(@) 3 BQe PB PoB30 KKB3 p {REPS BoBy. Keo93 ( SCR QxP@ PK PRES, Poot 6 BOKKts(9 Pat Bok? BOKts; POBy KB} PO} (my KB3 KtKB3 PxP QR? 1B Ques BxP -Kt-B3 KB} BOS Bik. Q°Ba 8Q-Ry Px o-0 = POR, F593 Roker os 68 90-00 Bk; Pop; KeBs PBs! ey) Ry Be est Fa 10 B03) BxB — QKtxP BAR2 i») o-b2" Rxbr BAR? EBS ECgRY HBAS KER 4! PORRy PQs FOR KEyt oo * a4" O92 ey BoRes * wig, PB, ROKe BURY Poke: Pogk’s ke-B31i@) 00-0 BOSE KRY 13 B=Q3= (0 0-049) (a) he Basin Detece. 625 On, BRS 6 Rok Page () Oc Hag Kin 9; 7.QTRa DUKE: 8 0-0, Bu kes © Px orS he Saag RRR is AA ERS GTR ALTER Bong Pope tet t RAakD Rage, acne pd Si Taha Pat deat He " Phe eer WweR kt kl THEE bP Beate iE AARNE Oak Bag ala sal aie US EET SA tala, mat in Whe O-94; oki-Bah Petts 118-9, PxPs 12 Oo4. PO FORS, PG) 4 GHD, Meas, 16 OW0t gad Keng BP. ro gas fenigtie 5. Monson! Cpe Bis bates po BS. Up fos SACHS np To oan pe i, WPCA, P94 ESSERE IIe BN Pah Basa {o's torre—Bigtiow, New Vor Bas: = (Meta Seita, ew Vor, ia vrgbeOts g REAP DPEE, Keer SERBS GIs Boao BTS SEB Roe oes, ANS S Mieerath RO a SRB tah # BA BP eg as Bese oo y TES Rie P ied Rib dcen aaa Bp aore.Onor ab, ig keg ea, 0; io wLRS, Boks sae14 BISHOP'S OPENING 1 PHK4, P-K4; 2 BB4. 6 7 8 ° ‘0 2 RKB 3. .BOB4 oven O33 3 Kt_KB3 P—OQB3(s) P-O4. ROBB? ERP AC xe aces POSt 4HOBS0) BxPL PQy KEXP BaP) EGR” Roca, Pet BRE RIS SQPxKt Q-B3 PKs B-Ktsch Q-Bych BOKB3I¢) 0-0 pgp Boge Ploy 6Kt-R4i) P-Q4@) PxKt BxBch QxB POR KS) PxP PxB KXxB | PxP 7P-KB4 BUKts PxP, QxKP PBs) PxP Kip RBS SP-Bs BxKt P94 POB7 9 PxP KtOB3 KtoKa PXB Qxge > Pgs roO-Rs x BK3 92 Bx PxKe rr PxP KiB; Kt-Q2 kr PBs) KER 12 Kt-Kt6 BUKt3 xP (B4) KoBat@ PoBye | QxP= (0) ox 8, IB Tape Dl ) ares, « BQ, wit apppnonte ony, Te ili the Dadene wie GF Stes, fomtetacsSrieg Som the Venad Game ot Futons Belence a2 aRigOrkt(0-,Puktt; 18x bebe s): 7BxPS Soo ST RE apie (,80-0,0-K 21,7 R-KL P93; SKtR4. BK 3: oB-95,Q-B2; 10 Re WEE ECG RG, BSb ETE hee RB EE OP (W) 19 PK Kes, BxP,_Anaiyna by 8, Wotkowsk » PoKB4 (tue Calsrese CousterCambat) & refuted by 9 P93, frees Sue SBS Pas Gree BRE F Bee Hae) Sikes, pers 8 gues gen! o's Kee Qizsid elias! ease nee et es Lt vb ra ta ha R ae (3 toe Beans Gare), BO Bs teaas Risen EN oN areas Pea QxPab; SRAQI+); 4g~ Kes, Rim BS; Hed (9 ae Lom cena 4 Pa, BaP at OGRE & SVE—KB 3 Is ales for Woe, lading to equality. The clus Thaee” Head sey. The akCARO-KANN DEFENCE Tus reply to 1 P—K4 has had numerous fluctuations in favour with the masters. We wrote in 1925 that, after being held for a considerable time the best of the irregular replies, it had fallen into desuetude again, while in 1932 we wrote that it had once more taken its place as a fairly frequent resource for Black in master-play. With the introduction of the Panoff-Botvinnik Attack at the end of 1933 the defence again passed through a critical period. However, at the end of the following year it returned to the tournament arena, and there are now many who con- sider it the best of the irregular defences to x P—K 4. The Caro-Kann has the superiority over the other defences that the development of Black's Queen's Bishop is not obstructed (as in the French Defence), that there are few main variations, and that it is almost impossible for White to build up a strong attack. On the other hand, P—QB3 does not attack an important centre point (as does the Sicilian, P—QB 4), nor does it facilitate the development of an important piece (as does the French, P—K3). Consequently, if White develops naturally, Black is often burdened with a lifeless position, Normally the game opens 1P—K 4, P—QB3; 2P— Q4, P—Q4, when White has four continuations :— () 3Kt-QB3 (cols. x to 10), Black has the choice for his 4th move of Kt—B 3 or B—B 4; Kt—Q2 (col. 10) being practically a sub-variation of Kt—B 3. 4..., Kt—B3 (the older Hine) is now rarely seen. After 5 KtxKt ch Black remains with a theoretical disadvantage, although White's superiority is seldom of great weight in practice. 4.--, BOB 4 (cols. 6 to 9) has had the support of Flohr for many years. In the best variation (cols. 6 and 7) White retains the initiative throughout the whole game. The attack in col. 9 is based on Russian analysis. Tt can lead to a wild game, and may be recommended for those who are fond of enterprising chess.10 CARO-KANN DEFENCE (i) 3 P x P(the Exchange Variation) now has 12 columns, devoted to it instead of the three in our last edition. This, is due to the Panoff-Botvinnik attack (cols. 11 to 19), where it is by no means easy for Black to maintain equality, It is advisable for the second player, as in col. 18, to give up the centre at an early stage and maintain control of his Q4: this manceuvre takes most of the sting out of White's attack. Against the older continuation in the Exchange Variation, where White omits the attack on Black’s centre by PQB4 (cols. 20 and 22), Black has no difficulty in equalising. (ii) 3P—K 5 (cols. 23 and 24) is weak for the first player, who is often hard pressed to maintain equality. (iv) 3P—KB 3 (cols. 25 and 26), advocated by Tarta- over, involves some very tricky play. The second player must not accept the Pawn-sacrifice (col. 25), but should develop quietly, as in col. 26. This leads toa kind of French Defence, where Black's position is satisfactory. 2P—QB4 (cols. 27 and 28) has been successfully played in recent tournaments. Against this move it is not easy for Black to develop harmoniously, and the variation will doubtless receive a good deal of attention in the next few years. 2Kt—Q B 3 (cols. 29 and 30) avoids the more regular lines, but leads to no advantage for White. [Notes for col x t0 5 (p27) etd. a 21,9 Ox Oeh BO! 10 K Kt would leave White ith the ae coe Ero laps: he eisai Aang” “rates Stacie Biss oly god line 8,1, OO; 1000-0, Q—R4; 11 KK, ae PEERS Seg GRR Ri See bales ot eeeece tg Seep eee fai kare §. ei, STE ‘Td P—QB3, QxBeb; 11 PxQ, PxR++. A game (8 spnitans—enoger, Vis Qi oof PES 1929, 12,5 BED ealies,CARO-KANN DEFENCE y 1 PKs POBS: 2 PoO4 POs: 3 KtOB3, PAP: 4 exe), ROB 1 2 3 ‘ 5 5 KiXKEen() er KtKt3 Rae BKK PG. pas 6 B-QB,...P-OBS 33 KBs Kes BOQPe Boge? ECBO Res BP BQ; Keke KexP@ B93 SoRaw Ba? EMG kee, Q-Ks | KtKts | Q-K2ch xP Boks Boks (8) BxP Kt-B3 PLKRy BLK; PHOR3 Bq? PORK} FBy@ 0-0 Q-0 = BBQs KKEBs 0-9 828 BxB? OO? PQ Kta Rokr xB PoOKts ERK: fQe Bok? Q-Ks By BQ; BKts) Robt Ry Ppkts co BOKBy Keck, 0-0-0 Kokts G94" BoRS BxB | BUB4, Kt-R6ch+ QeB 0-040 Ktor4 — Kt6ch Bogs! Bani coprmecirete ats me merits CEE Ga oo. ea) pagh BSE 16 9-93, B-Kt2; 17 POS, K RBI; 19793, ERIE RBG Tea Minott Ret Benin 020} 8.Q-BY PK Kt: 9 KEK O08 2; 10 PoKR SE WT SOE, Raab cowal hPa ta, el a.) 1 PORES (8 16 UBS, Q—BI. Mattioe—Sterk, Par, 1924 Sr RoR Reg, B42 Kea Pon 8 Bk Se SR =o eR oe abe Ere (O16 Oxo, KPxQm. Lventach—Zabere, Moro, 1025 Meer ee age tanh Best AER ESPs se SEALER LS gee ot EESx8 CARO-KANN DEFENCE oO eee PKs, PQB3; 2 P—Q4, P—Q4i 3 KE-QBs, PXP; 4 KEXP. oe 6 1 8 ° 10 +BBs oe -KtQ2 3 KtoKts KteKB3 BOKt3 RBS 6P-KRy. Kt-B3@.KtGR3 KtoKt3 poRRS Reo2 PoK3@ POKS 7KRBs 3 KEBs -BHQS KrQ2 POR3 Q-Rs) PB, 85-9300) 0-0 -KtxBiN PBS 0) B® KKt-B3 RPxKE BOK? 9 QxB RKr 9-93 0-0 Boks QB: Reg: 0-0 10 Bo2 BB, KiKy BtKs KKEB3 ~ Bowls Qegit PxP 31 0-0-0) ROKs BOK2 0 PxP OB: BxB | QRe-B3 KtoKts KOK KR-K: QxB KixKtch(s) BOK Kts Sosy Bas BSS Bek OxeOF KK, Kt-Ks PBs B-Q2 ROBY Sue Kock’ «BORA | Q—B2 a uy Qxkt QxKt «= R-Ktr. PUK Kts, RBs ROB; Q-Qr 0-0-0 35 Q-K220 9K O= =) (a) 7KURS,thetening 6 KIB 4, lo ete by 7.., PK 4 (Cabins) {Anas orete aes pick reverting guaiong WAP RS. BWR 3 Si Bae SHuibee, O02 1s RCA s Chales—Ret, Carn, 1928, CEE E a R CLEA SS EE Wy lobe iby, G09 18 PBA. Pobl; Mf S-89 Kets a PSP PE s SP lad PRS BeBe Chad: iearcnbennseicut-Cpli ter Yt. 2G Be gh ha EEAAab Sicha endea, tobe ane tekgl Geert ee RB Ee Bice Boe Tae Gees Wt AIAN SOP, BEN APA RIE ERE, Wis MECSM Saati MT ATR EE Ds ME Sek eee ase oot ORS Th sna be col Sar 7 se oats F SRG Rak eis Sante is 7 RRB TEAS Ora? comet oar eee er ava cers ane sieCARO-KANN DEFENCE 9 1 PoKs, PQBy; 2 FQ Pg; 3 PHP PPI a bois Ke_EBG Ys eG 3 ta. Pn 2 18 1% 6 Boxts. Pereeees PRP. ctovesesorveneess BoE 3 KtB3 i)..P_Bs HKLQR4 PXP BOK? 80-04 KtB3I() BxP. BUKts Kegon Poxy Bik. 0-0 OBxKt © KtKs! 0-0 Kt-B3 (kt) P—KR3 PRB PXP O08 KEK) BxKt x0 Kt-B3 (a) Q-Rgch R-Br BxB BB POKKS@) MOB) POR; KexB KtxKt 1 BxKt = 0-0-0 B-Q3) - R-QBr PxKt PxB BOK: PORR3 POKr3! BoK2 32 0-0 Ktxkt B-R4(j) P-QKty 0-0 BoK2@ Pxxt ROK POR, 0-0 R-Qr BxKt P-QR3 POR; RUKr Bx ketgy? PxRep Blokes WERE, | QxPh BGs RPxP PxP * 4 BOS knee RP BSB Bk KOPN RK? QPXP — BKa 7 a: OxOP HO BA REAR 58 16 PLE KE 4! BOK 514 RxKe +@ RAKer + 8s ® (eB Petes 48 ot ean he was ae sgh ttt Soapaeet te PH EER PO (Hote sot ae Mig comslatory og. 18 5 PEER 11 By Pelt ce ta hd Soe ce can] évantage In developmeat fr Whites J le) Bases o refutes 12. Q-KISs IS KR—K1Gh, KQ1; QE AL Bottini cb Bi ea 0. ane ovlfifes PBI (7 KIMI wit an overiening psn, Azas by (a, Wate ut, condane ae 1,8,Px?, Read BORE cade, Liebe i) amid oy Yer (og Sekt gemerhy Px Poandy. QREEP 2 ORB IL Keng kts giP.ta Sant hee RAST well (RZD Reet ta Selanne, 150 Howe 7 Se PO SBP gong ase ae the ct at'a Pera Bes ot ate 98 Guten Kittay ieee & bauer deveaped ULPHP. Ey Bs SBAKE QuB; 9 REP. G01; 10005, OXF a Rg RES EBLEES BRE ene te eon 9.23.20 CARO-KANN DEFENCE 1 PK 4, PQB3; 2 P-Q4, P—O4i 3 PXP, PXPL ‘6 7 8 7” 20 P= OB4) perneeee ceveeeeseeese BOQ) * RES ORe85 5 (Ke—QB3) P-OB3 eee uPxP. PR Kts KEEBS ok B3 BxP Q—Ke3! BUKBS BoKe3 (a) Pik; S7at2) Boxes 7 PxP KiB; PxP QU Ktg Riixr Boge, 62> Bok, BBOKts...Q—Kts POR4(f) BoOB4 ih) Q-Ra ch Robi Bxke) keB3) QKE-G? Bo92 oPLEES BxR Ono cone Bk’? PSRs S28. oR, Bo ORR. BS essa) Ry Re BS Boy O00) Bekiseh Roby 0-9 Buy BME? Feeley Rey BOM gpse Kok gto: Sak SAS Beky, 2 13 OKO Ke (Kt 5) Q—B QxBm Bk3 0 REG BKB ° WERE PRK. Kegy, RReKs Bite 6.0 Bah. BCS: Ra =o wll Se ee eee crue gee acnp—ates Bet goo SLE ee ARE" PPE SRY 8S Oct 18 BRS BOs 18 BES KEKE Kine Nimso eg raat, (OQRPH Ro«QP) M Pate (ana 19 Rea; TALIS, vO2Qar M4 tx Keeh P kts Q=K2R, 0-H 9 10 BI, AGEs SW whe Eats aise Bata Sethi love ha to, xa Px: 8 aevlbate “HULL Anais Up dovhot.” Whi nas 4 anal Le ee vs omsn cnn mont i re cere i Sr na aoe eeies sce ss ys gt eae teeae stay BRETT Ss SERS Ts Soletah“Dsovichy Calta: 1oah iy Or 10 He0% B—Kes; 1) KKCBS, BxB; 12 Qx, PK Gn, wardelpPntseavicy Bled, 10. a Tu) Mardy —capablanes, Lake Hopatcong, 1928.CARO-KANN DEFENCE ar 1 PHK 4 PORS: 2 P04, P04. a 2 3 (xP) (xP) 4 B-93) Oc) 5 P—OBs) KeB3. HK?) Ques 7 EBs 0) KiBs o0 BGR? Boa: S85, 8 Kt3(@ P—KR3() PxP P—OB Ss2@ ESN ORe; oQRe-g2 0-0 Kegs Se Soe Raho 100-0 xB Kee 8 BB Bere HPOKRs Rtg? ExtxP ERD g8a% BS Rok: QR-Kt: Keone eS Reds 15 BAB Kexe Rize See 4 KEG) KOK Enews ESS EES _ =~ i. GME Bowes: 70 sails! PS Pious Ulpet ope. anc ud PB RS, SEskieey Boo, 10 Boks no Gara Hoe tap el 2, Scig aia eta gta Peg DE a LE eth oe Ki is SPER GABE, BECERG BERS: EERE PS oS a RARE BR, Tet Reg Ts! (0 PS. MineebarytsoBeohy, Teby, 128, epGe BASEL FERAL RBC? ie I PRESB NER ets eet Sensi 7 ze aad Wy, Begutychak-—Tarakove, Nosow, 1925. The order ef moves at teen changed tev ose ctd om 928.22 CARO-KANN DEFENCE, 1 PK 4, POB3. 26 28 29 20 2 P94 see KOB3 33 Boag ES, 3 @OKBs) KPXP KeoKB3) KLBy EGP) BP Beg BS, 4B-K3 PxP | PQy | _KIXP Rebs RKB3@) BOR’s Bees ()..Kews SKtB3 BoKtsch KBs Ke-Kty Kt_Kt3@) Boxt3@) Qed: Oked2 Kops PoBy 6EKs QRCB: BK: BK: PQs Keep: BSrxe} Kops; PORK} Px 7P-Be KBs Q-0 | KtKs xP Pooh, BoKts BOK2 Exp 8x0 eKeBs PQ6i BK; QxB Ktxg Robs Pee’ 676 4 POOR: PQR3 0-0 KeQ2 KeB3; BKa eExB*? S$ Bae? Biey? BOK, woKXP PO, QxB PQs BOs BoB, bok: O'R, kB) PORE 9-02 BKB, POKKty 0-0 Russ R3 KeweS Pa’ Sok. Bp oReS 2Q-B2 O02 KEKta(JB-Q2 Kt oR an aeael 2 APRA POD A: @ Kibo, 28 PRA ae tbe. Tome 13 KeKts, BB; 1M QXB, Q—-KtS; 15 QAO, KexQ; 16 0-0-0. ooh Soke Best BAD! Mt OME aoe BL SRE 3 ey fe [etSaloet Faker Baton, 13 DEST Peru RAE Bea oS BEE sbi pas Rel, See PePok lS Chi aienencer_riehr Haste, sie, O04, Remke ae ee ee ee gee ere afar pogikts MEI ot Geto TER & ecmatn SBP kc et Sh SBE REE RR RI sek abated tty SGNA eS LESTE han Letty 184. And sow 10 BB, PMS) it PQ ls everwbeimiggs (9 LaterTioe, Pasih, 196 PES ESSE LTTE SEER BOD aa (i) Kini B—Kt Sch; MPD S,BOK?. SiG, A. Thomar—Nspute, olde fi Bh Mbt pe wh sell wee 8 adCARO-KANN DEFENCE 23 Wat foret x tag ct aR PRPR TBs BEER AT eS Ried Sa yt aD oem fe hmn ao4 To ES BS sales Fares bee okt Beeronkty PLES aed toy Ee 28 ini gop bgt ftnh Guns io Rav G AS tM er BGRE GR ARE Dw ROOK Pass Bei ae oor Ea ses alkane 58, Jo Wester 90-0,0-9; BOKS, KtoKS: 1 Q—Ktay, Ee gine Oe kas Rakes Shot? an Wines Wabi, Hk hs Stans | Nsomicin Spat Sls, tee Bee lt noo, Notes for ct, 251025 puiecegeegnie ni apy tes eog? ert yo Bi Path Sut mee bt Pos tet aT sere ANS, Slt eet rE Eee Sire etigathdenels Wanchai psiisgutin accuses Fat (G) Nimsovites—Capabianca, New York, 1927 i) O08 Ki—K 9 Black held prove sp the tat, Pecks’, BB: Gr bis, Gera: ve Guest” Sha Sooea, 3812 we Aye ES ecg REP il OP ERA WRK DS, Pie, nich cares, Pam Hn alt BAM PRES OO, BORE: 9 KexP, go 10 GU SiG Be Tecttkoveso beeps, Busses (e) Tecbnasn Mins, math gums, Ben, 1013.“4 CENTRE GAME ‘Turs opening presents great difficulties for match-play ‘The early manceuvres of White’s Queen, though embarrass- ing to an opponent not familiar with the defence, when correctly met often result in a congestion of forces unfavour- able to White. ‘The general object of the exchange of Pawns on the second move is to clear the way for an advance of the King’s and King’s Bishop’s Pawns and, after Castling on the ‘Queen's side, to use the Rook on the open file, The “Centre Game” covers both the variations where ‘White on his 3rd move immediately recaptures the Pawn and those in which he defers or renounces recapture. The former variations constitute the Centre Game proper (cols. 1 to 8 below); the latter Centre Gambits (cols. 9 and 10), and the Danish Gambit, which is an offshoot of the Centre Game, Very recent examples of the Centre Game in master- play are few. Col. 4 with note (k) presents two, arising from the line 5..., B-Kt§ for Black, which aims at a counter-attack on the Queen's side. In the more frequently seen line, beginning with 5..., BUKts, there are three replies to 7..., R—K1, given in cols. 2 to §:— (® 8Q—Ktg, defeated by the line adopted by Capa- blanca in col. 2, (i) 8 B—B 4, met by the variation given in col. 4, but relatively best. (iil) 8 PB 3, inferior, as in col. 5. ‘The early advance of P—K 5 for White has been proved premature (col. 6). In col. 7, the move 4..., P—KKt3, in spite of its adoption in important games, is nevertheless inferior. The Tine given in col. 8 appears good for Black, but has fallen into disuse. The sacrifice of a Pawn in cols. 9 and ro gives White attacking chances, but Black’s defence should be sufficient to turn the gain in material to account.CENTRE GAME 25 2 PKs, PK 4; 2 PO4, PxP; QxP (0), KQB3i 4 Q-K3 0), KBs. 2 3 4 5 BHKts s8h 9-0-0 ROK: BKexKt Q—Kts. OxKe —-RexP i) So KtKa() Ktxke OB Kts | RXKE ro KtBy = BKB, KtxP Qe: G83! BxBa uP-KB3 KtR3 KtB3 KKt-Kts RxB 0-0-6 Pog3’ Pgs RKr ” Q°K2 12 0-0-0( B-Q3() KtcKts PBy = KtxKteh BOKBy@) R-Ki+ BoK3° PRR; QxKt PBs BOs QBs PxP 13 Be PKR, BB BBE Fotks = SoBe ees = (0138 8 BECK, Bark cap tyneose by KOK BS inte Parte Dlece aba earegee paw nner ey KiB, Rue ihe agua Yok" “Hor 8 B Sovisatsie PsOebs RBS £999, P94 § Kix? Keates 7Baky seer ott Hat ws Ba uv ee ee ey ue sehes STERPGTS? Praakl ian, Sn “ef HIEPAR? ROK 1; 180-08, 0x7; MBE BORE; K-01, wlegtagR RGR 1 18 Pam, BORIS; 1 Q—Bzi4 +, Sats Hm svardal Ege, 186 Ore, PoO%; DEOB4 BOBe: 8 OOKA KICKERS: 9-83, wir SBITR BLE IES £7“ eeitna herent, 115.9 (Sa ER MEN ee tetoht RAR CaS was baa; RAT Me * hed fear ng eae REE ees NR og ae Seema OTN Ey EOE Gh, Se (Ort? BKK 4 JOBE BOY, NPP APOE GSE Siseaa bidlata, at uc gan, 100 Gy goctort Me GaBS, KCBIy IS REQS, KIXKE Tartabowe— eaten, Stockbolan, 157. Ty MBs, PQ RA. Meine Dr, Ee. Laker 12026 CENTRE GAME TPOK4, PoK 4: 2 PO4, PxP. 3 7 8 ° 10 3 (xP)... PKB ebay Boyt. BoKtsch 4 (Q-K9) Ke-KBs Bg2 ih) (RAS} 9. PuKts..Beesch KEOBS BxBa SPK30) K-93; PB3@) B03 QxB Kis Boxtz? BOK() KeoS) Regs 6Q-K2@ BQ: Kuby QKLQ2 KtUKB3 3° ReBs@mes; BGs ty kee; 7TPOKR3 0-0-0 B-Kes POR; B-Q3 Keke 0-0 0-0) BOOR} POOF RKB, BBy G0 OKs BOKS KOs) PQ} POs Rts oQKs PB} PxP 00 Q-Ks Bogs, Ke, Kime Bag Boy 1oPxKt BK; Ka QKto2 PiQy BK3~ BQ Sexe 11 Q-O3 R-Qr QxKt BBY RORY Bk 12 Q-KKt3 QBs te) oo fepend Boxes a) 0-0 =m poRhe BERS PEERS RO B8 OF ROR, 7 cree vec te ee {Pomose: ‘4, Aaulyas by Br. Unidas, amin, Pista gE ABET Qaates #0, sSePaBlal ada 9 PERTTE. Ss SplSioase, bees, isi? CTO? ® PBS POs: (i aa-athaie th comma goromt e 6. BR tf nemo ego Pea, Rel IP 2g? mee ates ba inte, eevens, 7B ege 8oeeE Oi a th were rots Pa, apes. @ Sew fe bebe ne io sa a a8 anthiegeyi Deo: ieaes mecwrsr wares 81; OKO7 CENTRE COUNTER GAME Tars method of defence on the first move is not popular, and never has been popular, though advocated in the past by some masters, mostly from Northern Europe—whence its name on the Continent of Scandinavian Defence. The noted American analyst Fred Reinfeld has recently attempted to rehabilitate the opening, but he has not found any support among tournament players. ‘The Centre Counter has two main lines, according as after the moves 1P—K4, P—Q4; 2PxP, Black plays Boy QXP OF 20, Kt-K B 3. ‘The first line is open to the theoretical objections that the early development of the Queen is a violation of prin- ciple, that the centre is abandoned to White, and that, as in most of the irregular defences to rP—K4, there is no good square for Black's Queen’s Bishop. White’s 3 Kt— QBs is the simple and natural reply, and 3..., Q—-QR4 (cols. 1 to 5) the continuation generally held best for Black, White has then a choice of four variations, of which 4P—Q4 is the strongest. The second Tine, wherein the Pawn is not at once re- captured, was once thought analytically unsound, on account of 3B—Ktsch, apparently holding the Pawn. But, as seen in col. 10, Black can win the Pawn, with a slight shade of disadvantage in the position,28 CENTRE COUNTER GAME 1 POK4, PQ4: 2 PXP, QxP; 3 KBs, Q-OR4. 1 2 8 ‘ 5 + P04. Kt—B3.....P—OKty (0) KER BS PRY QBS oxke 5 KtB3 Kt—B3(f) B-QKts R-Ktr BOK B-QKts B-Q2 ” Q-Q3 P-KR31 B-Q2 0-0 —-Kt-By BOR,” BOR’s POR, RICK Ba PKKty BK: PQs P04 Boke! Pep BORE; POR) Keoks — KtxP ay Fay Se, RP AY PKR, QKtKtsIPXB BUK2 KeKstg QBxB PLQR3 PK Kes B02 QxB -BQBy tO: ERA® Biba aE. BSP EXE KB RKtr Q—Key Kirke Qgen Roger BOK, BxKt © -KxQ Kt-Kts| BLR3 RPxkt KOQRs ORB, OOK 9-02 KR-K: Q—Ks54(h) Q—Ke $23 eS sory 0-0-0 KtxPeh! Kt 3, op. KK: 0 15 QKt-Bsz R-Kr£ QKt—Boch! 0 +6) KEQ4= noi No tetera fh Berg Ra Mala Cote atiare, sadn RAP ions Buck the better of eo eSB PURE SEBS and TSE AAR Rie “ihe coun | PEE ‘eon Joo Ries sipis by be Liber iene U6 OBO MRIS We Gy MO, 2 Kory x Ke 1p eg BG ee Seok a NY, Ws Bx bkeae ie re RBS SS BECERRA WER Pa (9,0 80g Rin Rts I Bas O04, 12 EBS, or 10 Kem ght Ponte iS Kiiea, Picker B2g's, Pemea Pos Keg a! BS kigas ff $ PrP, BQ KIS; 6 RIBS, BKES; 7BOKY Ki-DBS; 80-0, "SAS st mt, Tech a Cte, tm soothes & Bip! © PGS ist ony essai, Back saving © SP BRAE RY Seas Sg oe Nee nie eS at, rape 108° (Jt ogend 889 B 4 Paes Boks, WRK PO Kees ay MBE E TD BSE Sa donee Rw. PSPS A Feta Eat onorags Wa tbe 18 ORE RD Th Dr. Setumer—se GA Thoma, Cy of London Caampcnhis, 192CENTRE COUNTER GAME 29 1 PK 4, PoQ4i 2 PXP. 6 7 3 8 10 2 QXP)-2----KtKB3 3 KEQBs) Poy. Oot” Ke Bie FBtana BSBA aC EE? ER SEBO Boe Boe ERR, EEN “mm, ESR: ESS Boe eek. rene ema aad top: Ook: Kee KEK: Boxes $8: Fh; Bau Sant eit. oKtKts KtKs xB Kt-Kts PLO3 Q-B2) QxQ” PxP KRt—Rt3 QKENP PKR} Pxo PxP. BK: BQ? KBxKE QKt-Q2 0-0 0-0 PoR3 HRPXB BQ} R-Qr_ 0-0 —B2 KexP | Ktxkt © BOBy= Q>B 0 kes 2 PxXB PxKe PLKR3 KKtKz QkPch KO) Bxke = 3 BBaLe@ BxB & Ait at RES SCEN RTE Aen Sait (AR egaly tap Bi, Paka: 8K 7ST Ee EASE MER “rue Pour, Monts Cu {8 Raitatoves oateh fee re th Tae Kiel Va nibh 8 G5 2 RQ MEGBO PG 4 Baa, eFoa Ks "Dy spllnana—Walter, Mabriec-Oxten, 1028 1825. Sree at ete ibid, RixPsizb—K 4 Dg Beh ube © Regs, Roxie RRL exes 70-99, pads PERG BARES Reh Ret Vides Budapest te, whe Sonprh bite hy KERR KIMI ay 8 BALD ERE Ey Be Sipibat WofoQRSLgPoutt Bones; 19 PB4 4, The caemn e30 DANISH GAMBIT In this interesting branch of the Centre Game, White offers his Queen's Bishop's and Queen's Knight's Pawns for the sake of rapid development, obtaining long diagonals for his Bishops and considerable control of the board. ‘What is considered by the majority of experts the best defence is based upon the capture of three Pawns, followed by the immediate counter-sacrifice of the Queen's Pawn (col. 1). This plan, preached and practised by Schlechter, and endorsed by Amos Burn, was adopted, with excellent results from Black's point of view, at the Baden Gambit Tournament of 1914 and refutes White's opening strategy, for the analysis has not yet been controverted. ‘The remain- ing forms of the Gambit Accepted (cols. 3 to 4) yield White an attack sufficiently compensating him for his two Pawns. In the variations where Black captures two Pawns, retaining one—a plan which has its supporters—the develop- ment with K Kt—K 2 is inferior (col. 5), but the alternative lines, where White posts his pieces normally (cols. 6 to 8), are quite satisfactory for the first player. In cols. 9 and 10 White does not sacrifice a second Pawn (a variation recommended by Alekhine) ; by transposing into col. 6 Black can obtain at least equality. ‘The forms of the opening in which Black contents himself with equality of development rather than superior- ity in material (belonging to the Centre Game rather than to the Danish) are illustrated in cols. 11 to 15. Col. 11 is ‘a simple equalising line for the second player, but col. 12 frequently results in positional advantage for him. Col. 13 is one of the very rare examples of a Danish in tournament- play after the War. ‘Mieses has recommended col. 15 as the best way of declining the Gambit, an opinion in which the Lérobok concurs; nevertheless, White's attack is not easily frustrated in over-the-board play,DANISH GAMBIT 3t 1 PHK4, PK4; 2 P-Q4, PX: 3 PLQB3. 3 PXP: 4 B-QB4. 1 2 3 4 5 4 PXP. setieteseeesee EK 3H) 5BxP Kexe PHQ 410). eseeeesee Q—K 2.1 KE-KB3(A) Kt—B 3 6 KBXP.....PxP. KtOB3 Kt-9p3() KKt_Ke KE-KB3 “KKB; PO; KtB3°) B-By@) 7 BxPch(}) KtKB3() Q-B2() Kt-Bz 0-0 KXB B-Q3. POQ3” -BoKt3 | P35 8x0 0-0 0-0-0 QB: BKKts B Resa 83 SRS BT ECE oQ-02 KB, Kegs! O00 BR $58 Suk, Bat’! Bao ROM, KB. O04.) PxP QxB. BLOKE B'Sise Seto: Pky BR, RES a RQ: KR-K: BUKt a on0* BxB : fh: 8B ER. 3 KeB3 PKs QR Keir 4 ROK; QxPi) | R-K3 OE bit SSio (g) Introduced by Seblechir eghgiicgeh MESS SNucoa Bueroasegiea Beate Hak! aoe pe be re PMA! cae Hit. Wii, ReRt) 1 BS MBS, eR! & Ba GR. Ngee Ria, eG b sabe kent ‘wes even Stage set Nybol=Tartakovey Baden, 101% On 7 REGRS QKO2 Gr 71 B-O9; § G—B2, OK ach: 9x Bk d MOP BS BAF B20 ef: "ratakawin 'e Rees, SIE REET 5 06, 0-0. Siyhotespinlnuna, Bates, 1 (a) Oporety Rat, Baden, PRE Bs A a nam PO LAL Bo rE ES PRG eae th enki iGo) is 8 Whe wo gat Oh eo meaeeach ation Gea Ron Recta’ Foe Pages Soy assy Sean rear setae re eg ees as Tob -Seed, Bir Hi R—Kt iwhaporttalsttn IT Bk RES 1ARY—S5e)° auf! SORES ERE Pigg Fate eee a Sexes (4) White's excellent development is suficient compensation for the two Pawas Bhat bcfity PED Gap WEEE Ro eet ob P RIVE OT SETS Re gies tere BERS ae Ey APERAPL, Liekereemier Ste oe BE oe aE RR Oe AK KES, RAK;32 DANISH GAMBIT 1 PK 4, PK 4s 2 PHQ4, PXP; 3 P-QBS, PXP. 6 1 8 ® 0 BoB . Kee @ +R Re aay Be y.meoBs SKixP KtB3 KexP By B-QBs HD, Bay? 28, Egs* Poe; CRBs) REPO KeBa() KBs KE-Bs BPA BRC SHE Sash ERS wy 7B Key PRs) PxB | Q-KtO) Bx S66" BOOS Ge: KOO B3 8 PxB KtO5 PxKt © 0-0 KtKKts KK, KKK. PXB KBs KteKy i} 90-Ol Q-B3 QxQch BUR () BUKts Kt-KB3 0-0 Rixg Ooi) Pops 10 Q-K2 0-0 PxXP | PKs) PUB4! Ke Kt-Kt3 ROKKtr Kt-KKts PxB a KtxKt PLQKty 0-0 PxP PxKt PxKt © BOKe3) BxKt = PxP xP, 12 QxP PQR4(d) PxB BxP BAK 3+ QRe—Ke! KEK 3! ROK: 3 BKts KéxB | ROK 1 ROK sit (m) POKR3 RPXKt BOQ2=() uBR, | BHKiat(e) 02-0) oy Bs pe gee pnp, Sere BO 8 shes theme ora remiss. ore egy Me 80-8 Wy pea niente ie enlldl BUS RB 1S RSME Bates ee has * ano we terpestr Pa acHPediadt © EEN Red, RPHRE (6) Seclecher—Hiromadia, Baden, 1014, PGE ER Baths 7 BASEN PES FBS OPS pel GR Oo MCRD 9 BeBe ap TO Eel MEAS REESE Oats by. Loe ou Qe ea arta aa Me ht eo Bete a Pgs mong to 8 ~ {8 Morin bectony wh the opening eB PKS, PP; 10 Q—KES, wits cool oes ata "> Oe vie 80 FES Buill:Sis'Prebs Kn bs 12 gx KE Roa, mia a eataactcy game CADE) (ol Aline tio, ons, (01- ee ro wel MOGVE, “Saas! terd, Now Your in’ ° PORS HEAT (9) Batter Ke 1 (Alene) The clase AledBineVerianhy, Odessa, 1¥16DANISH GAMBIT 33 1 PAK 4, PK 4s2 PQ4, PXP; 3 POB3. rm 2 8 8 SPQ4Dersessssseesessesrs “QE 4 PxP BxP PxP@) KCKB3t..9xP BB, ged SPxPQ) PxP KKB3 B-Kal Buk scn KeOBS(@ Fog3)° QxxtP 6BQ2 KeKB; QB: BB Bxba | Boxe! Rogps Qoxts 7QxB BK2..KEBs QKI-Q2 KtuB3 685 ReoBS BOS ORs BoKtS SELKB3 KLUB; BK: KtcKty Kix? ROKs’ OQR,@Bxke BOR?’ Keoks Be 0-0 BKB QKt-Q4 KB. xP‘ 68-0 BXORy Rees’ GOB," wE-Q3 BK; BK; BKKts BK Ria BoQk, Breen POR; > Pog? QKtQ2 Q-Kty PxB BR4 RK Ktr Kexxe? Bxp? QkPcn Bons O50 2 QxKt | KtxB | KBr KixKt © BUKt4 (A) Rite Kode Goes BY’ GOES Ets xB KOK 0-0-0 BBS Gxod- RAB" Rak. Som? SB} 4 xP RB OR ytth) BKtye eee QxRP() eee * 5 (a) Tha Daath Decne” So mroh Be EES Range ab geet eb Spikg eee ei Beer SRS mie 5 Nplaet—Breyar Buda 101. ‘areal resimtbeate § HK Fc, (@) RetSchiecte, Baden, 1914 (2) Sng P—QB4; Gt BS,QxQP; TB-KISERL.KE-B9; 8O-K2C%, pha MSY Siteat 28"? HBS: BOK (o), Tai a Detter aguare forthe Queen than KR (leet. If 8. BEE 0 ek Ted SRE AE Ses RE ones “ (f SentecnerOpoensi, Bade 194 OSES SSRs RCE & oH. “pte ‘seal dpabians’ Ba (Q) Nyboin—Sohechie, Baden, 194, it. BQ 2 was beter, gh SvgSck? (RBS PaaS on7, Omm93; 6 Bons irre eee ein gn am, PEE: 6 Bes Tit ZBDRYgO-B Ss 18 R81, athe ae ela pete ae Rae ‘ LOZRG, 4 Bat, Pa33; meen FS Re he caceae34 ENGLISH OPENING ‘Tue popularity of the English Opening has steadily been increasing in the last few years and is due largely to a desire for variety in the openings. The début derives its name from its vogue at the time of the London Tournament of 1851 and its association with Howard Staunton. The best reply for Black to r PQ B4 is 1..., PK 4, which leads to a Sicilian Defence with a move in hand. In the Four Knights’ Variation (cols. 1 to 7) White has four possible lines on his 4th move :— @ _4P—Q4 (cols. x to 3) is the most important. White generally obtains the two Bishops, but must submit to a serious weakening of his Pawn position. Gi) 4P—K4 was championed by Nimzovitch, but has rarely been seen since his death. It leads to unusual positions, where the player with more imagination is at home. (iil) 4P—Q3 leads after P—Q.4 into the well-known “Dragon” Variation of the Sicilian with colours reversed. The tempo gives White a strong initiative and, 2!though Black’s disadvantage is not serious, it can prove very annoying. (iv) 4P—K3 (col. 7). Here White omits or postpones the central advance P—Q 4; Black can equalise easily. It was formerly thought that the order in which White develops his Knights is of no consequence. Alekhine and others have shown that this opinion is faulty, for after 2Kt—KB3, PHK 5 is a strong reply (cols. 9 and 10).ENGLISH OPENING 35 ‘The King's fianchetto development in cols. 13 to 15 has had the support of Capablanca and Flohr. An early advance on the King’s Bishop's file (col. 13) makes it difficult for Black to equalise, while an early advance of White’s Queen's Pawn (col. 15) is the invitation to an early draw. Other first moves for Black are shown in cols, 16 to 25, The symmetrical defence with P—Q B 4" (cols, 16 to 18) is definitely unfavourable for Black. The line where Black prefers a quiet development of his pieces (cols, 19 to 2t) leads to equality. In the lines in cols. 22 to 24 (sometimes called Flohr’s Attack) White attempts to profit from the absence of a Pawn on Black's centre squares. If Black has played P—K3 the advance of White's King’s Pawn leads to a position'where White's Pawns are weak, but Black’s King is insecure. In the best line (col. 23) the chances are even. Against P—B 3 (col. 24) the attack with the King’s Pawn is inferior. It should be noted that by playing P—Q 4 at an early stage in cols. 19 to 25 White can transpose into Queen's Pawn Game, or into the Queen's Gambit. ie aay ir eee 0 Eooe 4, P—QOB4 Havenat Pe espe a separate column becuse they tranipose tot ORES: 2Kt-KB3, P—B4. ” Pes “ 536 ENGLISH OPENING TEAQB4, PK 4; 2KUOK Bs KO Bg; 3 KtBs, KBs 1 2 a ‘ 5 Bp Eeg eens ene EEG PxP ts Bots... BoB, 5 Kexe PQs Kixp Bots, BB, PG} Keke 6 BHKts (a) KtxKt © PLER3() P04 ono pers Rebuke PORR} BOREs TERI Bony, BORG BOs) peke ROK1 — Byxten(g Bug?) Rue SPK3 | PXB PQs Kt 4) oB-K2 PKs KicKy = PoQ3 PRs, 9-04 Benth PORS, PxB_ PP ep. Kok: Kixe'By 10 0-0 BK R-OKtr PoBs BxKt Keke POQKts Q-K2ch 1 RXB Boke PKts BOK RIK @) KEK S oo? BxKeen i KeKist Q-B2 KRQra(@)B-Kte | PxB Gos o-Br o-0 =0 “0 8 PB is BUR a? otk! (yy Pek RG: BBR 4 , Jobat, Gal 1 tenapeey nto Pte EEG ete GNM abbe bai bot gahtoncnal on grag Ries, eee AE PAS RRS AESRE BESTE? Pea ees Re ke KOKA: J & 2, BOCK, igh Re GRMN ee e2! Brahh, Bx kth 10, oii Stas Gk es.” i 2 eee | PB. : heed Beer okie ROBE Rscll tak it) NinsoitehNaeu, xsrion ge, Bere, ee SE ig Bac er i re R cn eo eRe aS HB Srabsid we Yee TSENGLISH OPENING 37 1P-QB4, Po 4; 2 KKB 6 10 2 (Kt-Q B3). BKB a)rrsceeeepy Oe (Kt_B 3) a8} ( Kt-OB3 KiB) KepaG “eh BORE Reop3” PxP, Kes oe 6S Roe, BSS 6 PK Rts PORK) PLO BSB Kink; 6-3"? Boks BOK? Boke 7 BOK? Box: BGR! Rokr 80-0 o-9 PP Boxes s8 8-8 Bie wes Boos oP =) Rexge 0-0 By 858, 10 BO: KBoKt: Keio bra: Roe? EO} tr PoQKty oo. Pe Reet Ske, Be 2 BXKE BoKis| xP & (m) BSS Roe 3 OBO Q-BIM) Rex keep eaten Pa eaat hd Matt koopa: (0 18. sot intl Ba se Rr a Lear cethte Peace RS noftitd ERATE REND SRE ETP GE AER island. "Sains, Baspesty 1858. part Me, yb Siehehye ttcannena copa oncas ‘ TESS Pte eA? Band 5 aaa cet38 ENGLISH OPENING 1 P-QB4, PK 4; 2 Kt B3. vieticas aon, geo BORED pone gre Ry a, “Rf ER, SEE SEs RR She gacuse Et EM, BOBS sineticies BOSS 6KeB, PKs EPs, Rtgs KEI-Ks BoB} ER, mete, Gs EE: 0-00) Q-Kts KiuBy ROKR, 0-0 7E-R0 Boots SHES RYEY 38? 8P-93 PQs 0-0 BKts PO4in) 6 Bxke 0-0 PLKB3 Px? oB-K: 0xB -PLKR3 KtxP BoKKts@ Kew: Bxkt KtxKe ro KtQR4 P-OKts BxB Pxkt og: pos > Kis KEBy uRBr BAKts KOR? PQs BoB; | Keke) PxP Rok BBs 0-0-0 BxP Red: $ok2° Bs BBXB | BK24() 0-022) Reb a KtK4 PKR RoKtr y Ker ) SRQa SRE Ook. 5 See He Ears Jae Tari, Rvs 1 PSeiicg Ras agm oped sPoga eo: gees BRD u ae PES GE Sieci —ae,Poelndy, ie, ase R28 BABS Pee eae _ RIED eRe ve; paren nay ape EES) EMER 383 EES) ABER: ISSN BORG) 6 KeaOst, Bxkteas 7 QxBs- Poileed—Norton, ee oe eee a} BOR 2. Tirtaton crane, PLEpes fat, $03 a AG Rae, ae ee PIERS Se a ea ae 1G) Flotc—uwe, ard manic game 1992. " 9) a ee oy alr eds om 9.1ENGLISH OPENING 39 1 P-QBs, Kt-KB3; 2 Kt-KB3. ————— ELE 16 a 8 19 20 2 PBa.n. ; PAK 3 POK Kts, PQ4 KBs PoORtS PxP) BOQy 4 KBs KixP Pk 3 RE} P24) PoOBs....KtKs sB-Kta P-Ky 9 pxP PxP. QBs BoKt2 Ktckis@) KxP = Ktxp() BOR By 600 BBy PKs BK: PO POK3 — KeQoch) Ki-kts BoKa = kori 7PLQKts K-K2 Q—Rgch 0-0 —PxKt poke) Kexba ORe‘53 PAB3 o8 sBoKts Ret Kexxe 2 Boo? BSkaw@ nat EOBR, BOBS oP-O¢ P04 KtB3; BQ2 PxP KixP Px BQ? Kt-QB; KPxP to KexKt xP BK; RB: B93 BXB QxQ PK} BoKe: 0-8 1 KxB KtxQ « RXBr PQR3 0-0 PxKt = Pos BQ3.) txt Boks 12 QxP BUK2 BxKt = P_By "32 BKy BB; Kegs 13 PAK g(a) KR-Qil£(¢) 0-0 4 (g) Q—B2=() RKtr=() ean oe RES a AE ga RE ag eee a BEE SEARED Taka 98 nell Se BoA RI RUBE RSD ak ken nl ERAS 1 BK BBs xs Ke-Q 9, PK Keo; 6 PK 4 tanepnes toa varlation oe Seiten 6s ate White avo isn K 625, 6, BEES | RIK S Bg, Bo ax! Te Eas RES ‘An coussal alternative a 4.5 PACA? cst PORE BT a ot fon BO Bk SSS OSs Tkitasy gb Bard ror trots Hider ake Be Boks Rew th, $558 () Deke—B. Mate, Foestone, 158, PHP; 6 P04, BS; 7 BOKGS, PORI: 8 BxKteh, PRB; PATS, We POE AE, “Opberaty cuhine Botictdy sk? (@ Flte—Thomas, Notiogkam, 198, ) Wate ba no appreciable advasage, lokr—Tartakover, Nottingham, 10840. ENGLISH OPENING 1P-OBy. 4 2 28 2 25 1 (Kt—K B3) (4) 2 (KK By) .KLOB foxy?) Bae P3 3 (Ke) BOK, PKKts Seae} PQ} Botta sg-Be PKs Bokts 8535 Pog} POS 5 P_QR3(@) PxKt PxKe PQs BORG PARt PkKt BOB} 6 PKs KEXP PxkeP (A) BOs ‘Kt-B3 QxP i PxPch QkKeRQ2 7E-O4 Poe Bx OBE P83 Phew Bxp BLK Rs 8 BK: Bz ROKtr o-5 Bl RK 90-0 PB, Pkt, ook ur; kei’ Keer’ wo P-QKt3 0-0 Kt—Ks!() KtB3 Kt_B3 BxKt ” BQ; B-Q3)) BOKt3S | Kt—K3 xB BUKts Q-Rych BK2 0-0 “QKts QoS, KOK%) 0-0-0 PK Kty eB: ORY BB; 0-0-0 | Ke-iky Kiks= Pogb; BxB PoK3IF () 0-0 (n) 3 O PABsl+(@) KexB=() cans gBTB RE AECE 4 P 4 a Botnet; Leslee, 1984 eG Bos ti hie Beate a BOOP RES SegoioneAvoe, Seria, 1827 al SaBZP-Ray MRO, Kiba; 15 BK BS, epfhcfTAtritre etaO th F Rete attr Ree, javier Gene Bo Bebiss oes a aH Wty RICK SES Rig ke Beats @ 9-H paki Bok Rea ie BBS Tk eh Kt2, Kimoch— FORE, 7 Pep og, a a bP Ki was needy); 19 BREST. Pobre” Ba GA ites ining i801" eee (ie Pui? PxPch, 7 xP, BRP; 8Q—B2, KinB3m (Kenda). Js PrBAr QK~BS,PKRG: 9B-K2 Px; 10 PuP, BoKUS eb: Oda aisel pire, OTS baetaee “ktnons, Views aoa (@) Flotr—Kashda, Folartone. (),0F 10.0-0,8-08: 11 O-Réch,B-B3; 120-8, 0-0; 18 BK 1 eat eT GRANT RTE Bic eB oa BOTENGLISH OPENING a [Notes for eos. 6 t0 10 ctd. OO 4 BERRY OPEKY § FOOLS AIRY ROBE, 6LORKE adh Stee RNG of BOOS ART oNogt Eat crom: Strat, oa RS PERE VEG 4 ON nae isan? tase i B7BOREI eh 7.~/ RET 8P—QUPRPERS OXF, ALKA; wag eee ‘ht 0c KKLOKES! with a tong attic, wpe enOR 6 Gree ber yao Sle SOR AOR: BOE eng aan Specks HA Kae Ray tabs Ses, Hes ge ats ia sree ise—ea gx cca Bt Wena Bh Thess Bes, OS ELE RO Pontes OGRA Centiooed 18.2, OR RE: MM P03, drat eis OR ae ate! BSS (om) Roblesteo—Sinisch, Breslau, 1025. ts fr ot 5 to 5 peer ee erertre ty gedehee A NE ge Sa a EE ta HESIGERS SEALY SEES SPS pat Spas Megan 1g Boks POR BA; Id Pee BaP; 6 QoKES: Pats: 16 QR-B i, 2; 17 PBS, PK'R4F. “Kiectetarobemky, Gouna ares, 67 Notes for co's. 21 t0 25 etd. (0 8M RB Hs EBB, BoB an Bak a ae to as fae I oyRaG 14 M00, KB, ROK 1 H92 " oe sed alba Ais Wotapas, HEE Bd aoe a ee Siege s 8 KLPAP, RLPAP: 7B Ob POS (ater 7 Bog: ape Sees) og ee a PLES WREER SY if Seb oigeab etek SiH bibe, kendo Sones, ert New ors. (p), Flobe—Betotaer, Folkston, 198. White ao la PoKta? oo CR a aoe ‘wheliing attack (Kaban). oe Geant ser SPR tga Dopay 4 DAR Henn 2-H eet ext Pedi Ron ist TRESS Boma; 8 GR seh ibiaaes Racer, Lines ne it 388 ks wait MM QUKtS, PHRBA MarsoxyVates, Hastings,e EVANS GAMBIT Desrite a prodigious amount of analysis, this offshoot of the Giuoco Piano still remains a problem child among the openings. About ten years ago Tartakover's investigations appeared to establish the correctness of the brilliant Pawn- sacrifice introduced over a century ago by Captain W. D. Evans ; his conclusions have, however, since been questioned. In the accepted form of the Gambit, the “Normal Position” (cols, 1 to 3) yields White adequate positional advantage for his Pawn; the “Compromise Defence" (col. 4), though possibly sound analytically, gives Black too difficult! a game in actual play. In col. 5 White is able, though late, to Castle with advantage on the Queen's side; a rarity in this opening. ‘The variation in col.’ 6, based on Tartakover’s analysis, avoids Lasker's Defence (col. 8), in which Black obtains a favourable end-game or else remains a Pawn ahead; but White's attack is not powerful enough to compensate for the material sacrificed. The line in note (4) may open new vistas for the first player. In col. 9, arising from 5 BB 4, in place of B—R 4, White does best by transposing into the Normal Position. ‘Many masters recommend Black to decline the Gambit, contending that White's 4th move is then a needless weaken- ing of the Pawn-position in the Giuoco Piano variation arising therefrom. Nevertheless, Cordel’s line (col. 1) has been adopted in some modern tournament games with favourable results for the first player, on account of his control of the open Queen's Rook’s file. ‘The enterprising variation based on 5P—Kts and 6KtxP is not quite sound for White, Black obtaining the superior game by 6..., Kt-R 3 and 8..., PxKt (col. 3). Black may effectively avoid the dangerous attacks in the Evans Gambit and the Giuoco Piano by the adoption of the Two Knights’ Defence, in which it is difficult for White to retain the initiativeEVANS GAMBIT 4a PPR, PoKy; 2 KKBy Mt-OB3; 5 BBy BB4 aed kts 4) BXP; 5 PB3, BOR 4: 6 P04. a ‘ 1 2 5 6 PxP. -BoKt3 0) 70-0) PXP BUKt3. PAER3G) 8 PxP o-O5 P-Q3 (a) QR BOR} 9 Kt-B3.....BoKta.... PQs QoS Ktrg “KKtoK2 Keony 1 BRKs() Reacts (9 BES $33 BORBS PH Keka! etx) Rox a BOK3!@) Px BQ; BUR3 Ktxke Kek2° ier, 0-8? BEE) Oxke wP-KR3 P96 Kt-B3 QxB PB BQ: kes Keke; 626 fe BOR; PxKt «© KEKs © OR-gr Regs Shoe? BSS, oS REPT BER 4 OxKt = K-98 2° KROK:1 BoKtsch Oxe Gee? $830 RRs’ BOOY 15 BOQR4 Rych KORr BQ; BxBch BOR3 BoB}. BB. PBy KxB R3 QxKt © QR_Br PXPep. PKs OR, B-R6t ROKtr QxP ROKI 17 KR-BI+ (9 Keckts Q—Ktych+ KtB 3+ PoKty = TORSET Rese igri fey PAB ay wget Rk Si Oba gs, PB 3/15 PePes, KoRT (P-Jobtee—Splelmana, Ba te Tooo4 oka EI, PBs; 139-94. BB 2: MP OR, Hog ty Edi doko anal oar 0 PPE eek e TE er etna PUNE bear been BERT SAN Bat Stoo BORN ied er ee eR eee SE OR EL RTE RPS Ree ae ra 1 Sa Be pep tas Beni kt baby tees Pak? ace 2 Ob Bo nits. Pi (Pitas een Kin, RRS) 8 Rew BE, ODS} re ted Nana ae payable (Tartiove). Tae cseas Tees, Canis, ass4 EVANS GAMBIT 1 POK,, PoK4; 2 Kt-KB3, Kt-QB3; 3 B-B4, BBY 4 PHOKty. 6 7 8 ° 10 4 BXP (a) 5 P-B3®) BORE seere BaBge rea PoO4 P9310) PXP Rane0-0 OnOih BHO 3 Tee yig Peet Boks Sesh POR” SELQRsg BAKKts BORSt)” Kekes QPKb RONG Hates BO? Rey 88 oG-g” Kexp BRE RUB? "Ryan SS 6 Bes ERE SBY wo PHP, Bots BLQits Bxktcn QxP Riixp Pook; Bake? Ris Es BORG KDxKE Byatch 5 Boe, Ree xe Qi) Kes PxB ma) EG Rees 3 Regt Kors ER Rakim Ee 4 bxe Bie 94 seeing Se aS gs oH 12 Gok sang goa yo Benes. ee eg! BEE Ktekt Paik; 10000. Pay BSE 1 Se ai, Taratover' sous 33 SESE UCIT es, o-o2; i axky axe; 19 B08, PLESSIS PA, tee se. BoO 8: 1m oeveene Bhai Pion mnorms, Pe Siee borin meh adit Gist ROE ay Rob Were tata BB ‘ eter ees teres se mem, ofan me eee "GL5, PEGS sposay ato 'tbe Noval Postion, aie, apart ae RODE LGU T pa. De. Dobra — t-B4; 70-0, 0-0},8 0 ‘Geseg ROBE eae TERE SOAREVANS GAMBIT DECLINED 45 1 Po 4 PO Rts, BORE () 4 PKs; 2 KK Bs, Kt QB3;5 BB, BOBy: 1 5 BLKt2()..P-OR PQs POOR 6 POR, @ POR} 7 PLKts PxP 8 BXP RXR 9 BxR RRQ 5 (2) ro Bxit) P—O4 QB 3 im) BXB Px BxP 11 0-0, KexP KeB3 Kis; B-Q2 0 BoKt 5) PoBs Pigs KixKr Q-Q3 EXP BxPeh (nm) KK? RE CB} Bxkea QO: Brkt KBs xB SOKO? Bee Bae? Bee uPKbip Bokte Kegs RABY BE et em Sete 1s Gok: Rt 50h) BRS SERe SCHL RSS EES we Rowe Quek ORs B-R4 K-K3!+() ae s fy Rone 3e BoBstn fas hae, rember. 1836 OORT, Kor exile? it BOREL. ® Perotes Fant aden, ate ee KORA) WES ret We Beh Dems 12 0¢m, KeokDs Sheth 2d; WO Ux Ba seed RoRT: Ie Soe RS es Heo He ROR ETe “Hainer "Vues Cte td sobs nono, So, EGS ae i) io kee Rope REG I ‘rartllonsr” Rubel The fh seoeeg ye xen Popes seis 0 ob NS Bla ide Slew lg ie Bees Ba Pagar 7 aga, Px? SPRP,QeO cate faa ae Ree eB Gok 4b, ee Bees, Vienne, 913) 7 ST BA, (Bigien vs PBxB: 16 Erika deere pele: Pye aeoa res BR eb napdadict oes BOzKr3, 0-0; 7 PQ, P08; 8 BOK? KICK BS; 9 Kes, BAKES; 10 K-95, wit) APES atiaesie. pe. eentoo—J. SFOs PO; 8 BHR, Packt: QHKts (0) Bree ere Bxke Bx Bios PB} Bch a gare —Q1 Pat Rebar BoB? ROK3= 5 PAP, Kix?) 60-0 Ataitery meonmunde ¢ BRO), ERR GRPS $250 BeSST TEES FES 8 D-KRts, 940-83; das aahington cable mate, 199046 FOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME ‘Tar Four Knights’ is one of the soundest openings; indeed, its only weakness is that it is too sound. If he wish, the first player may draw against an opponent of equal strength more readily with this than with any other opening. But, on the other hand, the second player has various simplifying lines at his disposal, against which it is impossible for White to obtain an advantage. Black has a choice of two main systems of defence. In the first place he may elect to follow White's development for a while; the attack based on the pinning of Black's King’s Knight by B—K Kt, followed by the opening of the King’s Bishop's file, having been shorn of many of its terrors. ‘The variations in cols. 1 to 15, in which Black exchanges Bishop for Knight on his 6th move, have in modern times had more vogue than the corresponding lines of play (cols. 16 to 2x) in which such exchange is deferred or omitted altogether. 5 The key-move of the attack is BK Kt5 played on White's 8th move in cols. 1 to 12. Black has in reply a choice of -— @ &..., Kt-K2 (cols. 1 to §), for a long time a very popular defence, until it was found that White retained an advantage by 9 Kt—R 4, reserving the choice of capturing Black’s King’s Knight. i) 8..., B-Q 2 (col. 6 note ()), a move of which the inferiority is not easily demonstrable. 8.., Q-K2 (cols. 6 to 10), an old defence attributed to E. Delmar in Philadelphia in 1875, though commonly called after J. Metger. It was disregarded for 2 period, but was revived very successfuly by Rubinstein. Tt leads to difficult position-play, in which the stronger player has the better chances. The line in col. 10 is a recent variation from master-play, with good opportunities for Black.FOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME 7 (iv) 8..., PAE R 3 (cols. 11 to 12), retaining the option of releasing the pin by PK Kt4 at a suitable moment. The line in col. 11, re-introduced by Lasker in 1914, equal- ses for Black; that exemplified in col, x2 is much weaker. ‘The Svenonius Variation (cols. 14 and 15) is theoret- ically insufficient. Of the variations in which Black retains his King’s Bishop (cols. 16 to 2t), that in col. 18, recently revived by Dr. Lasker, appears satisfactorily to meet the embarrassing attack inaugurated by 8Kt—KR4. The possibility of a check at QB 4 in some variations is an argument in favour of the retention of Black’s King’s Bishop. ‘The symmetrical variations in col. 21 lead to extremely difficult play, in which the slightest error on Black's part is fatal. The alternative 7Kt—K2 (cols. 22 and 23) limits Black’s choice of replies, and in Maréczy’s hands has produced some brilliant wins for the first player. The purely symmetrical variation in col. 23, played by Dr. Euwe in an important game, is not quite adequate. ‘The Nimzovitch Variation (cols. 24 and 25) gives White a very solid position, with the possibility of building up a dangerous King-side attack. Black may, however, readily draw by the simplifying line in col, 25, note (m). In the old defence 4..., B—B 4 (cols. 31 to 35), Black appears to have no completely satisfactory reply after White's rejoinder 5O—O. Cols. 34 and 35 show alterna- tives for White. In the second place Black may elect to go in for an enterprising counter-attack with 4... Kt—Q 5 (the Rubin- stein Defence), a move which has been adopted by many of the strongest masters. Despite the fact that 4... Kt—Q 5 violates an important opening principle, there is no way ‘known in which the first player can obtain even a minimal superiority; on the contrary, he must always be careful notB FOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME to compromise his position. Most masters nowadays avoid the Four Knights’ Game solely because of the Rubinstein Defence. ‘The six usual replies at White's disposal are :— () 5KtxKt (cols. 36 to 38), leading to fully equalised positions and an early draw. (ii) 5 O—O (cols. 39 and 40), approved by Schlechter and analysed exhaustively by W. Henneberger. White is better developed, and fas the superior Pawn-position, but Black’s two Bishops are ample compensation for these slight weaknesses. (iil) sBAR 4 (cols. 4r and 42), yielding Black a very strong attack at the expense of two Pawns. (iv) 5 B—B4 (cols. 43 and 44). The line given in col. 44 shows promise for the first player, and Black would do best to adopt Schlechter’s suggestion in note (£). (¥) §B—Ke (col. 45), though favoured by Maréezy, should occasion Black no anxiety. (vi) 5 Ktx P (cols. 46 to 50), a popular line some years ago, For a time the defence §..., Q—K 2 fell into disrepute owing to the line of play based on 6P—B 4, devised by Bogoljuboff (col. 46, note (b)). But the sacrificial variation due to Teichmann’ has rehabilitated this defence, since Tartakover’s 12P—KR3 in note (d) has been refuted. The alternative defence 5..., B—B 4, advocated by Tarrasch, is hardly good enough against Schlechter’s suggestion in col. 49. ‘The reply 4..., P—QR3 (cols. 51 and 52), though sometimes made, is theoretically unsound, but White’s advantage in col. 51, where Black’s 13th move is an improve- ment due to Tarrasch, is inconsiderable. Cols. 53 to 55 illustrate other 4th moves for White than B—Kt5. At the end of note (i) is an -xample of an old move revived by Nimzovitch in the grea" Bled Tournament of T93r.FOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME 49 1 POK 4, PK 4; 2 KtK Bs, Kt-QB3; 3 Kt—B3, KtB3. + BOKts, BoKts: 5,070 0-0: $ P03, BXKt: 7 PAB, 2 BOK 2 3 ‘ 5 8 KteKs oO KR gle. Ktokty.... By ro Ktx Kt BOB, KtRy Kt-Ry BPxkt....RPXKt PoO4 P—B3" KtBy mBBych PKB, BKtz BBy BxQKt KRY BOB; * PxP PQ} PxB PB, BB, xP B-Kty KtoB3 PoKR3; QUKfsen QxQ Keke; BOKeS 13 BxP KOR1 © QRxQ KixKt © g-92 PRP Kickts Keck; RPXxKt 4 BOR4 PxP(s) KtxKt PKB, xB PlKKt, KEK PxKe © KPXP() KtoR4 15BUKKt3 BKty BxKt © RxP K-Rt Q-K2 > QBy PxB Kukta KOR? 16P—Q4t(o) PO4 = PKBgt+(Q-B3 0 RLK Kt Keri BK3 Q-Q2 ” QBs RKBI+() RoKty Keo QR-Kr 8 QUKt3 QR-KKt FORT @ PKB, = w (9 Jarndyce, Newey, 1. Qo (S iwoenee. be tment funuy Duct 1 OH Bestckty h Pebeigh ee Es ae a (2) Note by Yate, rapier ig pik BaP 2 BK, PBS (Talenmann Kes SO BSeN RRL Te sigs gen ig pe, ses Bi Pre Pat) at Robbe. Shh Bars j 28,0849, BxP: 7 RAP, BORG: “aR ce eGR RAG, AGE Baal {owed by PICK 6 win me won by Be Lasker (f) Maséeay—0. 5. Beas, Ostend, 1998 (a) Jenowaki—Laster, sate, 102 i) Brea more fora i 14 Q—B3, Kt—KO; 5 PBS, KExB (Kt Rs wo Seay PES ee = ‘50 FOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME 1PHK4, PK 4; 2 Kt-KB3, KtQB3; 3 KtB3, Kt_B3 4 BUKts, BUKts; 50-0,0-0; 6P-Q3, BxKt; 7 PxB, Po) 7 p 7 . ° 0 8 (B—Kt 5) QOK2 fa) oR: Bp cee esssseeesPOQR3 we B-oBs BOR... cs Roa, HECKER) “BeQpy Kg: BR EBPb pes: ES mEcky, Doxey popr Poke Bony ee 2) Keke BoBr Poke; Books P93 BOA? ER, ES RY. Bo a BogBelo RK, KOmy@) Kens Bane Bote? Ege S58, BEER, wsExB BRK: Eby Boos) BORes Bie GRMN Tmtly S32 RAS GEWED, Bogs Bx. BB: PoOa Bea $ RESP ReSé, PCRS, Bobs Qo), Keke Br erie SCR? R84 B® BORLA 1 REPXPY 0) o og SOE eee fs rat hg BEE ATE TE i Riot Row eel), Bek aR JBOWR PRR N0 BERG PRE HERES EBS s RP PEE RES AF ‘Thrash Ket Soeneattes, eae ae sed Bee AaB oes me Ne a4 Keam Paki; 168-8 Ach, MRD; OR-RG PKA F, eos pus Seema ae et at tele PES OUBiude, BERS OnBs 1 PO th ge Rig Rena soll pxgetreet Sea eS a9. tise, hha §RUx?. SpteenRefe, Vans 08 aad ERED re eS iat nan atmos St gPADPs 18 PUSH RIK; 17 Px? PORBA: 18 DAP 0 Gg Reh RAPS h Mae Balt Binh TOMB, ERD Dugeigas Woes meet Ore Peer eer POR Kt; 16 Po 84 ee} BOK RG. Spicicnana—Lomy, Vb ERROR DRAW EGER GUE ARS eels tay, pee RECESSES STR RE UPR aR a tag Ve ee BE a Raced RS OPTS OB rs Aoks Reb iig Dukes, BQ? lon Wy Pk «aot nt basic, 198. woxtx?,FOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME 3st 1P—K4, PK 4; 2KtKB3, Kt-QB3; 5 Kt-B3, Kt-B3. 4 BUKts, B-Kts; 5 0-0, 0-0; 6 PQs, BxKt, ra 2 8 1“ 6 7 (xB) P99) P24) 8 BKt 3)... BxKt.....-PXP(@) PORRS PxB QxP ° KixP KK B—By BOER Boks ().9-K2 keoor O93; gory ro PSKR3 Q-Q21@ P-Q¢ BBs R-Ktr Bree? Oz Ee; RRL ETS HQkB Pe BQ} QBS) ROK: BXkee eM, TCR BPM Res wEKty PxP | PKR; PxP | Quik: Kt-Q2!) PxP Kt-Ktr Rx Kt B—Kts BPQt KP Beles QRAQr() BKtS PoB3 0 (Kt-By «= Kt-K3 BUKts uQ-Kty Q-Bal PoKts -RxQU) fy eR REY Beg isPOER, BeP KOKts RxKt Ror BS Boo Bat PRP QePch PQs BAR Roe RRP Ee, Bx ry BBs DDG (O) KEnKEE() PB 7 eB = @ sae OF Kt re va Sulit: a HEANa'e BARA IEE OY WERE BBE ORR Ee ae tee sa amber, 100) Gs 1 pation star thai eto 12 nate, i) ,capabagcn asker, St Peterburg 1814" Taranth Raloaned eat White ste stn, fase by deftg as oping of be R Wale GE Pa) wat Ba'Gipee dear anita Rooks 92 8 pen PRET ALPS TARE PRY AOR by Bog 9B 8 Wate iM Sek, Hae et op Rede pbc dea ceetens Fareed Saha Ro ea ga SLIQA teoman, Wonton, 108 le Keane 1 PAKS, ROKEL; 9 OxB+ Og BRAS o Rig 2 ros ba bu at Vee en a Deke; aa iy ea, ota, 8 {RRQ TRG, Te QER RS (eg ail dawn, BR; 188 Go A a Pete Oi, HD BARE IS BAR, baby ofr, Sowa; inoc ne Br my tp oaks bat oP Bo PAY BOR G93: BGR WE SSR e tee Be (a) Tasker", Moasow, 1025. White's 13h move le sugestd by Keach.FOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME PoK 4; 2 KK B3, Kt_QB3: 3 KtB3, Kt_B3 4BOKt5,B-Kts; $0—0,0—0; 6P—Q3,P—3: 7BAKts 16 a 18 19 20 7 KtAk 2 (a) BKK Ry. cesses BKC PoB3 i) PxB 9 BOB KtcKR PQ... .KtKts().K-Rr POB3. OB Kty KtxKt PB, BB, KtxKe Qos Px PxP Kicks RPxEt nn P-KR3 (0) BxKt(s) Ktxxt PERS PRB Pxke 12 BK RxP PoBy xB Ke-Kkts KOKt2 13 QRS KixKteh Q—B3 P93 (9 RPxKt BoByen() 14 KK BOKts KOR: KOR? QR? = BOKS 15 PKB KtK2 BUKt B93 BOR; = RORT 16 PBs PB3_) Kt B02) Q-K= 0) SHE boat Ry ee CUVEE Bene Beano in BPA es peop ecte cenet ye eerie: KISKa; PXPS. ” ‘ aoa peels ae ie STs 84 ij 0 nano“ He, pnt, 8 Ginter secur hee aes, metas nares. th nica eb since Noo Ppa 94; fs Sobek toa Wine Bea a GER Ace eee aed aa PAZEDBSBND: WRPAD,POK KIA; 10K Sfalowedby REAR 50d (a) Ketger—Sheves, Hamburg 192%FOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME 53 PK 4: 2 KOK B3, Kt-QB3: 3 Kt-Bs, KBs, 4 BOKts, BOKt5; 5 0-0, 0-0. a 2 8 1 28 6 P—OR)eveoeeereernee -BXKe (8) 938) QPxBe (B—Kt s)...K 7s KeK2@ G2829. pees 8 KOs PBy Keka PKR; HO3 BOR; BoKts BOR) oP—B3Q) Keakes KecKt; Keke; BUKes(m) koe) KoRr? poey? Rg? 705! oKtxB - B-K3 B-Rg = P-KR3-BXKt PSs KekKts Ki-kts BOBT xB iKtBs BxB P-Q4 QK2 PkKty POKR3 RPxB ROKr() KR-Kr BOKtS 2 BRy 4 BOKts POR3 9 Kuta a8 POR, PXP BQ} QR: 3 BOKt3 POKR3 Px KteR4 K2 K-92 KER; BOK3; © KORY kt 4 ROKs BAKE | Kiokts Que Bs BxB BOR, = PXBE() BxB PoB4 1 KBs QxBEW) PoEKt, Kegs QBs) ee) ROLL ARIS ET ARS MR Tapa ean ey oY asaya: SE es Bet RO Ee ee: 18 Q—K2 £. “ mee pea cars ce teet e oatan Gorn giehsy SPoBa BoOD4: 8 Bs, BOK Reh Bee ee R PS ee Tar Bega Geeks Tea Gp Spier wan thy PQal a pmbidereGe DEW RS, PERG: 7 RRS Aeltietome, (a mu Yas Terns 7 ROT, OTH Ot RK, BPO Bas wo g5RR ee eae, se EE a UAE Ege Rd birt BSE EERE ER TELE MEET ENN 128 h'W.B- Cotta I, He Dib. Cy of Landon Che Chammoneip 1923. ond PRD? h CG? Cambans favours 8 PERS, BK RES; QBxK; 9 QxB, BKG; 10 PHB, KG? gives Black complete Mp PRGA, Ke KEP; 10-KOCPI, KE—BS; AL KUO 4 can be played54. KOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME 1 PK 4, PK 4; 2 Kt-K Bs, Kt_QB3; 3 KtB3, KBs. 28 a 2 2 30 + kes Goa} 51O—Ojrvene a BBcacgy EER eke95 Keost BoRy | PxKe Ruki BSC{! zon, 600t BERS 7PxKe B Pgs 0-0 PXKe BARS BOBRs PxB4 Pofes OBE SPRKe —BxKtch KWxQP Kimkt™ BUK2 Sis BYES OBR? OBA Bak oB-K: Kexktch QxB 0 KtUKa_ BxP Bar BE BB hw 2 KER + 0) Keeton Baa 4 35 OOP pee BEDS Boeke TERS PORRS PHQ4 B03) POKR3 PKB, 0-0 KeB3) POR Kt3 PKs POs BOKEs! Px PQs KtxP Keoks Beg? 2-03 KexKt Roce 9 Px kt KEPXxKt BOB, Bos () Q—Ka imp og nee eet koa i 7 fy nee Ser eeat B Sina Saag tact gnkesgte PERMIP Ace ore, (a) G. E. Wanwright—Yates, Malvers, 1921. . Pe ee eer ered ede Maa ip iateetsh, bRcRCe= Ga pricey « GPa eninee-be EA PPG aan, were ee eo oog: enaene 239,92 0-0, rf pega FBS MES E Rasta lk 00 (ty Fore... Kegs; 7 BB 4 we cake, Nesweibess, 1008 Gee Ses See eee oi Beene PEG BE “ SUE Roe, KOKFOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME 55 1PHK 4, PK 4; 2KtKB3, Kt-QB3; 3 Kt_B3, Kt_B3. RUBINSTEIN DEFENCE 4 BUKts, Keg 5, 36 37 39 0 0-09) KexBe. BORE S (8) KtOs KtxKt BUR4 Kixke = PB} 00. PxKt = KtB3KtxP. Q-Bs1 Pgs POs 0-0 Keg ws, Sk. GF Bla Sa? Q-K2ch(P-KB4 Ker () PKs goes ono Boa xp BOB, Q-B3 K-Rr KtxPt QxGen’ PBS POR, Keg Egits POR Pag; Bogs"? BORE? BK; Bx: Poy Bye? BBY Bt xB QR-OB1 uP Bes BPE BxB, 2xE PSB BORE sy 999 Hy, SUR RPAE PEs 2 29 Pets SOBRE UR caer eas Merete ee Ld (@) 9B—K2, BBA; 100-0, 0-0; 1 8-98, Pte, (6) Maréery—Kinec, Sen Reso, 130. @ 9 0-0, 0-0; 10 Q—R5, P95; 113-93, P-KRSe. (@) Kashdse—Aleing, Bid, 1051 () H.Wolt—Aieeban, Corba, 1935. {@) Good enough to equalse, but 20 more. H Recemiented yy Tarmich, HE 8.5 BRC; 9 BP, Betts 19 Ox. WSR Ray eg k—91, GABay td QBS (W. Hane, fo poKRI, B=; 19 BoK9 (C8. Howl, 0-0 D7, RaP2, OBO. Te ogg 4 Rene —Borlizegs 1h gat eg, PRT Mad ve Sa BERS GB PEF 0) Sy BoB Ss 7 PXP, B=K Kt; 8B—K212, The 6 cotta 8 aadiad 9) W? Haatebese36 FOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME PLK4; 2KtKB3, KtQB3; 3 KtBs, K RUBINSTEIN DEFENCE 6 a Binkken 6 xP) KixPiePDs BxKe ood SB BSS 7ROBI 2-03 KE-B3) KORG! BO RRS BE BER Od SKixKt BOKKts BRPQ Ktxke Bea’ BOB? BERR, Bu BRS e000) go: BOs Reka Boi (m fora FR BS Bes EG to Ktxkt. PB, BKty QxP_ PQs BY FR, Reibiy Se, ER, Eps Boy BK 0-9 PCOKts Px PR, Koda 008 | PxP 2QxP BLKR4 Pxkt Ki-Kt3@ BxP Bk, Roadbts oXB Rizo. 3 Or) © Bxe Bee BA-Kt3 ° ‘Kt—K 4 RPxB 4 BOK PE R3 POR st Benth ops § Kinks Boga; a Pa her: HOLGe Ph Bee biter Boia, sa garcgng-os] Koen Pens RES PE eed eas Al safeld, Innsbruck, 1 ya abo ak rte scold AGS Palate CRS Ia! HRs ieee en En he 1a PaPt tert by Bok cr sop eroan Beene tm. Rete ck apne IER PRR gO) RH. GRRO1! WACK RAR Bren Hal eTruehi, tn Sant, 1 afi? BeSh EBS: Aah dnd! Se Bana RAND ade all ASE SEP le SR ° oy ages Bere Rebar, Vann BIZ Tae rt of tecture ana Woy BORIS: § Monk, Keekhehy § uke 0 Bast, RP Kt ro pigns Spb. 'e Boek BEE, RSS lueater () Post—Flaterg, Manabeta, 1914 (mi KimR4, BeKtS=.. Mardery—Eowe, Londoa, 1993. (hr Alekhne-Van Ge Bose, Naubaln, 1996, 8 would nave bea plFOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME 37 (PAK 4, PK 4; 2 KtKB3, KtQB3: 3 KtB3, Kt-Bs. RUBINSTEIN DEFENCE 4 BoKts, Kgs, “6 ” 8 ° 50 5 KtxP OKs. Ktxe. 6 PBy..--Kt—B3(f) KtxKt axe KGB i) Rex TEtxKte « Kixkt | KtxBP! BABy Ki Pog) Oxbch GTR: FQ} tx 6 KK Bs KtxR - KEB3 Ktxkt Gera Seo Gta Bokkes Puke oK-B2 Kx KBr BAK2+() KtxB ° Reckt sch Ke RoQs okey toK-Kts) RK: P-O3 Keokts Qt) PoQs= O-By Oxe KER 4) PUK R4! RBr ORs PoORS KEBoch 12 KtxPea (8) BUKts Bxkt K-91 POR PXB 5 Kexr 9-9: Pe 8 pokey BoRices BORS 14 PXE ROKich O-95 OxP@ ROK) 88% pabdiahaPl SNSPR ET N29 tial, BOTA EY BRceS (teeta) 19 dab van fr Base = * Die aurea ete Bs 1 tos ater EQ Ry TAGES EG BOS BTS RE stoner hgh Rots EER Soran Ghat TMP Nah) BROKE ets iy it PACKS, Ki“ gy 18 Ken Ph 19 On. Kenedy 16 KBR Gi thyeeal Roh Eek Garman | soften ey SR USE SKE ep BoKs! RAR ack, BSR, Rew (o) 18 Kt—B3, Q—KtZ4 +. Teeboane’s anal PESTER BS 2g Rs Regten 8 RB Hees ROS SMS BB PiS eno TRE Sao ata ath aaa READ Oc Oye yA: COPHNG Rea ee a ga aia! ete Bi ald gage eer Se BE ae tag (a) 18 P_RSs, Bogsutot—Rudiaen, mate, 100, (0) Ore Kegs, BHKtS; 7 PHS, KexB; 8 KEK, R94; 90-0. Gh) Selecitere Varatin. seg) BASS eo ig 80-05 70-0, RHE AEBS, ih 18 BK xP: 16OHO=0, BRE 17 RED.58 FOUR KNIGHTS’ GAME TPHK4, PoK 4; 2 KtKB3, KtQB3; 3 KtB3, KBs, st @ Ps Ps 8 4K), BD ger coeseeneeeeen BOR RES) Fare BRS Poos 5 Bx) KuxP PxP, QPxB KKtxP., KtxP_ okie oka! 1 BoKte Kee Road! Saka Red 7 Reet QxP Pex | KPXKE 2-05 ROBr QxP 80-0 Pons BQ: Se8 xe Ba & 9 RK: Kexkt 9-0-0 Bag SHS SeRe we P0; sch BxB SRby. a QxkP Boks ch OK +) ERve x & 20-03. Kum B-pe Ro Re Be BER, BxKe Toke Fore BS 40-92) OxPa PxB RK ro Q2() BxP(g) (Bete BoQas #04 a te Lop Sticts' Doras? * PO 0) Por SBR bn Ray Laps col 1885. BaOa7;, 2 Pokey KES; 19 PKB rexth ater ere Wp lS oh, Sasi oly nadaas dita, a. RHC (Bacon aE GxOe, RaQr 16 RKO, ROI M7 ReKGE, tlowed by ered cSt B21 Sit BgQee waBe i ty Wade Se il ETN BRT Py, dele Fort. Px? an Sete Gane ale 7 ( K-Q2.4. Anya by Keane (0 SottinaSopsubeg, Socktniy, 118. out Sodase AbEORS Raced onan Sk Bb BEE ep Sehr tie Reker ot G50} 12! 05 ie Nensointch — Kashdaa, ja, 7 x Basritake () Neowoteh rin, Cae, 10 BAK2; 50-0, Pgs se Ray tote Bake be a39 FRENCH DEFENCE Or the close defences to 1 P—K 4, the French is one of the best at the disposal of the second player, and therefore in modern master-practice it is still employed in almost every important contest, and by the majority of the leading experts, Of a solid character, it possesses great resources against premature attacks, which are apt to recoil on the first player. The efforts of analysts to demonstrate its weaknesses have always been met, eventually, by counter- analysis; and to-day it stands as high as ever it did. At the same time it is no good defence for those anxious to wrest the initiative early in the game. ‘The play divides into four main branches after the usual moves 1P—K 4, P—K3; 2P—Q4, P—Q.4. White has now the choice for his 3rd move of (i) PxP, (ii) Kt— QB3, (iii) KtQ 2, or (iv) PKs. () 3PxP, known as the Exchange Variation (cols. to 5), frequently leads to an early draw after a dull game. The oldest and simplest line, it offers White little or no scope for combinative attack. Maréczy’s line against the most plausible attempt, in col. 4, still holds its ground; and the Exchange Variation is rarely adopted, except with a view to draw. (i) 3Kt-QB3, the normal or classical line, leads to an interesting struggle for the command of the centre. The simplifying defence by 3..., PxP (cols. 6 to 8) is of doubt- ful value, as White generally obtains a very strong attack. Bex B—Kt5 (cols. 9 to 18) for a long time held to be inferior, was revived mainly through the influence of Nimzovitch, and is now one of the most critical variations in the whole defence. Of the various possible replies,60 FRENCH DEFENCE Se 4PxP (col. 9) leads to an even position; 4B—Q2 (col 10) is very tricky; 4 P—K 5 (cols. 11 to 1), in conjunction with either 5 P—QR 3 (cals. 11 to 13), or 5 B—Q 2 (cols. 14 and 15) is by far the strongest—Lajos Steiner's line in col. 14 is particularly powerful; 4 Kt—K 2 (cols. 16 and 17) is verv solid, but leads to nothing against best play; 4P—QR3 (col. 18) is the most aggressive, but highly dangerous; 4 Q—Kt 4 and 4B—Q 5 (col, 18, note (f)) are weak. ‘The deferred acceptance of the KP (cols. 19 to 22) is excellent for the second player. Cols. 23 to 34 present the normal line for both sides. In Alekhine’s Attack (cols. 23 to 28) there have been some revolutionary changes since our last edition, It has been definitely shown that the only playable defence is 6..., P—KB3! (cols, 27 and 28), for the other defences lead to cramped positions where Black hhas inadequate counterplay. The defence with 6..., P— KB 3, revived by the Russians Yudovitch and Belavenetz, gives Black at least equality. In the form of the opening with exchange of Bishops on the 6th move both 7 P—B 4 (as in col. 31) and 7 Q—Q 2 (col. 32) are in White's favour, ‘The attack with 6 Bx Kt (col. 34) is not easy to meet. The McCutcheon Variation (cols. 35 to 38) has been rehabilitated and strengthened by the line in col. 37. This Tine was formerly thought to be the refutation of the McCutcheon, but after the improvement on Black's 13th move it is doubtful whether White can manage to draw. The advance of P—K 5 on the 4th move (cols. 39 and 40), whereby White seeks a direct attack on the Castled King, has been revived by Spielmann, who avoids Maréczy's analysis, given in note (#). At present White appears to be able to obtain an advantage with the line in col. 39, but it is quite possible that the pendulum will soon swing in the other direction.FRENCH DEFENCE a 3Kt-Qe (cols. 41 to 43), recommended by ‘Tarrasch, has often been seen since our last edition. In the most usual line, col. 4f, the second player submits to an isolated Queen’s Pawn, but finds sufficient compensation in the excellent placement of his minor pieces. (iv) 3 PHK 5 (cols. 44 to 46), favoured by Steinitz and later by Nimzoviteh, has been revived by Keres and adopted by Alekhine, but has still failed to win general approval. With the immediate counter-attack against White's centre (P—QB 4, and later P—K B 3) Black equalises the chances. The remaining columns, 47 to 50, exemplify less common and moves for White, all of which are kept alive by Tarta- kover’s enterprising spirit. White can lay no claim to a theoretical advantage, but confronts the second player with unusual and dificult problems.62 FRENCH DEFENCE EXCHANGE VARIATION 1 PK 4, PK3; 2 PQ4, PQ4 3 PXP, PXPL a on wine . ” + eRe Fe Bis i RRB Keka) BORK es (m) BOs) BOK2.-KtoB3 5B 8h 688" 3s Ege ER $3 mie, bbl 538°" 7B Fon, atay Bae Os SBOKKts RoKr BOR KES St 8625 Rete: = PORs tse 9 PER} KtKBr BxB KBxKE BRS ® POKES KixB PxB wrokky BOR, Boks 2 KecKt3 BoKts* Bowk, KKe-K2 B; PoR3 1 Kok Reps 0-0-0 Kes BACKS Soke Bape’ Bee ts a Bae?” pores * Kupi-kts By ORs Pep BxB 93 O93 kb, Bixp Oxb Ppt: SoBe w Qxkeb 60'S’ @ RRs za) KER a4 Reka) Ks sae, The pn onthe K Kt brome ena ex We eet Ot paren BxB; 13 0x8, QKIWQ2; 14 QR—K1 de ‘dapat agus, 10 eth pee See Sra ert ea reg EMPL Ear ise ERIS BABS, EPL Gi WaNine Soran, ase Roe rea eet fb bamareimaeet yh Ta es eat eet riers ah RS RSG EL oH Ge oe ee gl gs.n 99) oR ms Rs 9090.9 Keg; RR, & Tenet Bp ees eae ae El ee de PEI a erp. ona, execs, on: SeFRENCH DEFENCE 63 1 PK 4, PHK3; 2 PQ4, PO4; 3 Kt B3. 6 7 3 9 10 3 PXP.. 4 exe Bg: Kt-Qz.. -Kt-KB3 PxP Kt—K 2 (A) KKB Kexxtch BOs PxP 3 este Bake Ke“g'a3() PxP 6 Kexxeen Kt; KKt—K2 9-3? Etxxt BoQkts KKK: QKeBs 8-23 0) BuKtsch 0-0 B-QKE: 7 ER. py PB; BRB) OO Ka EXP BoQ3 BB KKIoKa * okt oBXP 2 KtxB |= BOKBy BUKKts 0-0 = BLK 0-0-0 oS 38 SP RP PR 0-0 BK Kts Q-K2 6 Keg: BY 83 EGR, BB HQR-Q1 Q-Ka R6 KK; QxB P2e8lo HE BBS Ee kus @ RROE: xB BMKE Eeay) 25?) 253, Bite 15 BKRSL() 9-0-0 Soke Tea a Ce ree ee ee MA DAGSNS., Sona on oe BN esa 5 ate ce areas omen ATE eR pgs: "SDs ayag 2 Say ea ued iad, ba EE, ey ete path Bes kay 1 es nt ea UPAR Ye pp Eca Sree Mite POE ee iG eMitol Stens ants teat bas L04e Roe ke k's 9, Kena: WW kena when Wee, Soon Aga aan bce bel oe fed We ese etn BARES Mon prbattad Corse Ss Cathy ohne Sea? e950, ad RAT PREG, POST Bees ORCOT EGG 2 useage Sn Sybvae—nitiae tani te64, FRENCH DEFENCE TEKe PKG: 2 FoQs, B94: 9 EDRs, BK: 2 ® % ro s Bdrsi oteegeee Boge (OSI E298 6 Papi Bey Eid) Ree Bene” Keak) Bxke? Byes” HOD 5 0)..Q-Ktg!( OnKealg) PXB 7S ORE rah Pa Bean 80-04 Kees Ktxkt Rete. Gey ERR, gay Be oB-Q3 BQ; Q-By P-KRy KiB; Kegs Keds PxP KeBy> ek 10-0 0-0 PXP Pokey KexP KiQB3 KKtKe Q-Rs! kKe~ka Ki-B3 QxBP R-Kr Kt-B3 PRs Ktxxe Kes BQ? Qx@° PRRs PxKe 12 PORES () PXP BxQ 9 BUK3 3 o-oo Ke"Bs; PBS QUKe; 3 BrKis BBs KER, QRowts KeOkt: B02 Begs 6 QoKt4 ) POR MPR EtaP BA a PD has” AS be Hin ene ie aan gts Be ol i etetiah 9 OR ae, OBS Lee, ce Didi soll PSUR a een OnKts/ RA Sie oe Pat Bae “2, jeaing, Kes, it SPS, ibe ng HENK2; 8 PKRA, Po Rta, pDokar MB—Aedc, BB PSB SE Jaber Loy egeRe, kr ab ke eben en a SORT! ee, 22, bie PrgEe 6 Pa Bs EA OaE Boas oUt Ea age eS: Dg TRIS PEE ene, opoy moe ew BRkiy We BoKeb Gomes OES. PUEBLA si Ginny ona eee vod je Bis es Pee abass Ranta " oy ees” RSS RED Be eet ioeFRENCH DEFENCE 65, 1 PAK 4, PHK3: 2 PQ4, PQ4: 3 KtQB3. Kee KexB KUEQB3!(@) Kt—OB3(d) 7B-K3® BoOKts Kes KEK? BKB; 0-0 ay 0-3 9 KeKts BxKt PoQKis KtxB wB-K2) PQs Boke. PxP 1 0-0 QxP Se: Res 2 & 2 BoKtS BQ: 9x9 Bk Koco Paro RRs 0 Mor acerng ae §g MOCKED EMBG, OHO) BRA, ‘2 “Kt—Q 4) tex Kt, Kt—B 3 Beat en Ri LSB Taka pls, Batre Pc nceitnsecaa « PoeaiePrag mage peas ebT by diy POR Bs to Sas AB Ss. Be PRB Wee Nise Weak ey oO KTS is td PhS ege Sag te eP! Hegavieac itera Tere ee Eee EEN SS ‘tay acento sting ans 4 9s sol Hie ental PAIR SPE psu un ot Boyes BER ee ge Ore pipe UEas Fe ae rit CAE ide pg Ea AE has oe as Nie PIGMESE bot pray alonkeo—bt it Paks Oka? y ‘ea a RA: otf “¢ 41 opxP, ctx P; 10 B—Kt ch, K—K2'; 11 Ox Ob, ped Dae RERRAL AT sgasetaa mk ges RES seh Pee LG PARSE A kei tae TE at ae66 FRENCH DEFENCE PAK 4, PAK3; 2 P04, 3 KtQBs, KtKB3: 3 Seek Fn @ 2 Pn 2 4@xP. pK: 5 (RexP) PKs eK R020 6 @xKy xB Pony tesKQCKB3 PRB BxB TER Ege oe | RXBO..Lo SKt-QB3 B-Ktsch KtR3 PBy it) Kt—xts PoQB;) PB; Q-Kz(g) Kt-JB3—) 0-0 90-0-0 B-By Kt-By PxP. KtLBy Keg: Bots P-ORS@) KtxBP KtxPG) ro P-KKts Q-K2 9 Q—Kty Q-Ktq! KtxR PoKi3°) Q-B2 PoKits Kopr PxP nB-Ktz 0-0-0 0-0-0 O-0-0 QxP BoKt2 Kt—-Q2(9 PQB, B-Q2 Okt; wKtR3 KR-Kr Q-Kts3 Ke-B3 Q-Q2 Q-B2 o-oo RK’; QE: PB Okt 13Q-K2 0 KKtr PxP RR} BUKa KeB3 KOKtr xP. PKR, BoKt2 KRKra(@) B-Kt3=()B-Q34() Q-Kts 4 (m) Ki esr Se PETE ME Reon me aR ACRES REE GE Bebe ue GR Sige ERNE SEI Teg (ein xe Bap: 7 Kuk, Qe Kt; 8 K-33, aa g PUB a, Page ings, Kea da), Ge Bi Pay Be Pek Porth bromisfoG2o ob oats! Neem RaPed a NBER! ‘Ae Ati nase ao eed Citar’ or Abia Chua's Atary gcc ace emits ad eta A Dat py ARs FRY Mee D ts expeesrgms ino. Lge Rate Nett Pts Abd fy Meh Uj) 17 Kits, PxP; 8 Kt—O bch, RB 7; O'BXBch OxB: 10 KexB, oe TERRE eek Raha Te Were REE, babi Ree? 0 Onktseb, Ko81; 10 Ge des, Reed’ Serio E AES Ted ee er SS eT (7 8a Pee ep ken O Bay 90 O"G2 O™R4 (0 4th, eigen neRE ERT ET HCAS ea telat ne ES ROPAB SS 1 Kt—B7,PxP) 19 Kiki Pg Ray nb Rb SER SEB Feng Oe kes eat gg 83 (eda 6 ental, Motcom, 199,FRENCH DEFENCE 67 1 PKs FoR) 2 P04 P04; 3 ROB, KKB * PokRig Beka: obi Nee 28 21 28 29 30 5 POKRY). BxB POR RS WBC BST OxB TEKS) BOG PAPO) KEK tg. P Bs poeay EShig ka RES 808 pay pe pen Se ge Eps Repo gas, 2-80 arn Ear’ RRs Kees ES Bt, EGARD Eo, eos ee PxP POKts! QR, Kt-Rs PoB3 mB Kee 2) Roker PXKBP Koxet 8582 P—-QKt4 KtxBP(m) 2 Peg 0-0 PKBy Bits Bue 828 Recs’ Pep 8 EBxP) QRH: Keops Kkewe ee BA BR MOBO QxR -BxKE Kixe 4 OBS EO KE 1) BABS TRY, Eka (a Iter duermtvenare (06, FO R87 Q—KC4 BR eter K=BI}s Esse ae Eb cree Lime et PH vay yea: Hee se 31 Bie AS, We eg ie serene mE rR sghe RoBi gt RORY PxPs AOR TTS BRE BEELB!S "Tur catmanery puss, worl ce cbs seat boi "ane Pair nator Ea, a [t8 =; K—B2; 17 KOR. rel OTR Te SR Ede ORL Sedna cea ace Basen rl ade oB4, Ors 9-H, KOs; IP ROKL2, KIKES; 1K ROK, ims is So et CE oo, gnats we rad BEANE LPG ws, RnB 1! emer’ sanibers, Vase,68 FRENCH DEFENCE 1PAK4, PHK3; 2 P04, P—Q4: 3 Kt-QB3, Kt-KB3 4 BOR Kes, at aa 33 4 35 4 (B-K2) LBAKts (m) 3 PKs) [Bxke Pxp. aed BxB | QxP 6 BxB PKs) BxKt (x8) Bon" BX Rtn 7 P—B4).... Q-Kts PxB eats 8 &o BS 8 Kes Keg: BQ; 9-2219 FOB, Poo si) FOB, RAGS 9 PXP PQ} PxP | PoB Kor@ REBR, ROQY, F%B,m SOREL 105-930) 0-0-0 P-KBy Q-R3 Kt-Ka Reps} sce P REP) Ry, ROR re a 2 OxP® «PxQP kB © Q—BS, 20-0. P-KKts BPxP 0-0-0 PBs Plkrs Pxp? Pee | Sop) egy 13 QRKIE() KKXP4 BPXP (i) KKtK2 POR th Rekedy ROR Re) yf sR SEAMED aL REET! ARS a See MOD dP RESEE Gel B,O38 FOE 2g NO Fee ee ee ee Bi ess Maat: i See HW Sor ciate whee Bie i pasa foisted" PSP Reese: 11 B99, Pops; 12 Pee, xp; ered i Spelt Re New Yaa] ator ux ae! YORE ‘patecin Rex bi; 1280 87x; RMU KES OK 5; but ater t 14o'd GP ie ein the ueee Ba MG UIRy Rene a Boat adas te ena, ORB I; 18 Kew Ke, hee eal csp Paka: SPs i Mery tosnos, miowe; 1 xe—KBs, ett RRR wsoncm, seen ir iar sees, ett entmann nig pr hs Sites GER ha WETS So eae Pe GA CECH SOW ea tatiad Beak ahre Hoes ih iia emative 9, PAK Kt; 0g. 10 ORS, Kes: 11 PB PIAS peso Steg he Pt AIRS isa et fot een ~ Sune eS Ca nr ra OLONT,FRENCH DEFENCE 69 1 PoK,, PK 3: 2 PQ4, P-O4; 3 KBs, KKB. Leaks SO 26. 37 0 4 Bots) @—Ke5) 5 PKS. Kt-K2 QKt_K2().PBy plOKR} PXP QB, POb4 6 BXKt..s BOQ2 R3 PQB3 PxP BXB Bxkt@ BOR2 Kt-QB3 KtoBs 7 XP PXB -BXKt «© PHKBy =P—QR3 Roktr Kt-Ks PxBi) Q—Kt3s) BxP im) SPER, Q-Kig) KtgP | KiGBs QoKts 6-0 PXP KGS) P—Kts(#) PBs oQ-Rs BQ; Q-Q2 E-QRs( BOs S33) ke BORE Px?" Po), ro Kt-B3 0 KxKt | KKt—B3 BPxP R3 RB} PAQB4(@ P-KBy PXP xe ar RXP. P-KR4 KtoKts PxP. RxB QxKtP Kt-B3) POKER! BUK2 © Q-Kt3 0-0-0 RR} 0-0-0 Kt—By Kea Boge xP) «= PoRs 0-0 KtBae 13 Q-R7 PXP. Kt(Kts)-K2B-Q3 + 0) 6070 Kis =) PQBI=0) 14 QQ: ators RIGA P SS eos 8 Pg POP 1) RRS, HOB cree ion sya cota Pedy 12 P-KB4, PxPs 1% ZG ‘Beas skuweSogolibe, Bodspest, 1021, Alter toe Gleesne See P Eo Re ate oF EEE egitgt ba Mg eo Cee ERE a abe ee nur eit Tease PER geen PIER Bie macgozaggeps oren.o-os oo-08 7 AMA Spay Beds re qegn voor nooo, pie NAL” Bites baat a. ok } Paspacing to supp Fe, TyegcHata Ate § Lol ren bs, Rise, cijubott— Ret, 3 2 EL eae i so deka des ate ean 02: © 208 (i ater BO, ae SQuE Pen Bes was pref hnd EASA70 FRENCH DEFENCE 1 PK 4, PoK3; 2 P04, P04. 7 3 eh spo 4: Kt KPxP(s) BxP. KKt-Q2 Kt—-QB3) B-Ktsch (a) 3 B-O3 KtoKB3 EOE, Eos, Heth she pe? Bes np ES BE EAM, =) Qe) KeuKes Keka PxP 7 R900 SOE Ey BS. BaP ono 8BxBch KtB3 Kt_B3) B-K2 KixB) -KKt-Ka Pxp | KKt-K2 BoQ2 oPxP 0-0 PxP. Kts ROKr KixXP 0-0 BKtgch KUBy” PP 20 Kt-Kty PBs 20) BKta KtxP KoRs} 0-03 BxBal” Bla Bey nKeK2 ROKr xB «KBr BUKKtS BB, Keoxt; Ques Poeksy Boxe mB QB: BoK;) ROB: Pokey” OK By KCK? BxB) QxGch ROB Gxtgst RxBe | KxQ. Kokta im KeRes=) Pokts=—) GK Bchs 7 BOK 2 BaP 8 Om SOIT ECE REN ib go f Geb B19, for ie is MESS oats we REQ! LRG te ota, Be o7O—0, Seeds a Bein © (eae Hnartaty, hie, 1507) UO ‘Boul pty Ree P and coecmen a (ee et tu eer ete SAE RSLOA Be BL Pog Nd eee ey en ee (atelbial the Slane ‘pate saehion, Ser Ys 10 bik gy kta kt, Wh PcKOP ak Kes pond erp RT et (Riorston steele G57, pat) ke kta e PRE! Bee, oft Sees et wees Acai aes igh ates 8 Aa fe APS Bae aap Faye ae we Ql Brea BE es, MSMR ame a eg : RAKE. Niaiowde thane fas A navn Caad st, 2 cat ltd TEER BE 7 SASK, Baanhsdy fara eer hg 8 ot Soe ees a get Poem h Riceey, Beng: Pe pee ee RARE one ToT IE mtr. 508FRENCH DEFENCE 7 PPK 4 PKS. 8 “8 Py 0 2 P09 [Keak 2... PRKt().P=9 Ke3 (P—Q4) P-O4 P-O4 PQ 4 (A) PK ROKR, ERP! eB Bats! 3 (P—QB4) Kt-QB3 PxP Kt9B3 ‘ Keity Pee’ megps HOB PR CRBS B-g3 P-KKty Po4 4 Oke Bye? BORE) b 85) | ER, Bo 60-0 PQs BQ} P-QR3 0-0-0 PB50) Boke. 8 SBP Ske BAKts exp B-QKts Kt-B3 7 * 0-0-0 B-R6 BOQ: Ke95 SBxKt — KtxKt KKtK2 KtKB3 PXB Pxkt QKtHK2 BxBal 9 QxP Kt KeBy KxB PXP PoKE3 KKB; QKtga 10 QxKP —-BLKtz ReOB3 | BoKts BB, = 0-0 K-93 KtKs BBY 0-0 KeOKS PBs BS KtBs PKs | BKBE) Bos | Kent ono a QB Xie im) Pens FORR: 6-84 Svs ters tn Bast eft -WE~Ps 8 POF HEBES fut ER Na? heh betes 2 Fo88, re aes 5p Rakes, KteB3; M ROK, Kt-K1; 15 Q-92. S, Morisgn —Ninsortch, Leadon, 1927. a aR EN EN BGMPE SREY (REE OG LEER de® Se ee eke; aan,7 GIUOCO PIANO Iw this classical opening, favoured by the early Ttaliaa players, the principles underlying correct development in the ‘Open Game still find their best illustrations, Modern innovations have so extended its scope that it now ranges in fine gradations of style from the Pianissimo (col, 15) to the powerful Max Lange and impetuous Evans Gambit, which are treated as different openings on pp. 106 and 42 respectively. The variations arising from 4 P—B 3, followed by P—Q4 (cols. 1 to 22), require to be met with consider- able care, White obtaining an immediate and enduring attack owing to his great control of the centre. Black has, three replies at his disposal :— @ 4u., Kt-B 3 (cols, 1 to 15). The sparkling Méller Attack (cols, r to 7) has received some recent tests, notably by Keres, His analysis confirms the opinion previously held that Black’s defensive resources are adequate, and that the variation is a draw with best play. In the difficult line in col. 6 Black manages to keep the Pawn, but only at the cost of an exceedingly cramped position. Greco's original variation, dating back to 1619, has been modified by Dr. Bernstein's analysis. (col. 9, note (#)) and can be recommended as a simple equalising line for the second player, White need not necessarily sacrifice the Pawn, but, as cols. x1 and 12 show, this safer line leads to an early draw. The Cracow Variation has been little tested in master-play; in col. 13 Black shows to advantage. The Pianissimo (col. 15) promises little for White. Gi) uy P—Q3 (cols. 16 to 19) is inferior, since White's grip on the centre is too strong.GIUOCO PIANO 2B (ili) 4..., BHR 3, followed by 5..., Q—K2 (cols. 20 to 22), an old defence reintroduced to tournament practice by Alekhine in 1923. Its object is to maintain Black's Pawn at K 4, but recent games indicate that the manceuvre costs too much time and that White can build up a powerful attacking position. In the old Piano form (cols. 24 to 30) White has the choice of two varying systems of development. The posting of his Bishop at K 3 (cols. 25 and 26) leads to symmetrical positions, where Black’s chances are superior. The alterna- tive system is the Canal Variation (cols. 27 to 30), which is much stronger. Here White exchanges his Queen's Bishop for the Black King’s Knight with a view to establishing strong Pawn-centre. Capablanca’s improvement in col. 28 is an important strengthening of the attack, and Blach would do well to adopt one of the alternatives in note tf).” GIUOCO PIANO (Jee 1 P-K4, PK4; 2 Kt-KB3, KtQB3; 3 BBs, BB4. ee eee ee 4 PBs, Kt-B3; 5 POQ4. PxPi 6 PXP, B-Kts ch; 9 we-w5, KixkP; & O-0,"BxKt;) 9 PQs! (a), Bo3: 10 ROK 1, Kt 2; 11 RxKe 1 2 8 4 5 22 0-0......P—O3 2 P96) BK See se POKKt Bee? Bee Sess So Op Rs 23 QXP() KtxB | BXB 0 Pots) PLR Kt-By 0-0 PXB BOK¢ = Q-Q2 4 Q-05 KEXRPI) Q-Q2 KtxB = QUKz Kea KxKE eoKts Pxkt = BOK, 159-96 Q-Rsch QR—Kx(h) RxP KtxB Rep, ROKR POKBy(@) KEKts PxKt@ 0-05 RR, Q-R6 RKr BAK3 inka PKB, G83 9-93 0-0 ” ROR3I() RK 71+ PQKty4 POKts PBS) ® i e [BENG BEE RS ae 9 oer hen 4 203, uamapong ita ca 2) ii See eee oon i BOO 4 falda saucesiory ek 19 BOK RTE 7 Have eae GnE PSE wohl ee EES RE ea a cell gres at 3s tata oe ir ow Tia race ay eae ie Poetaae : iy Bx hy tt OG RGch, koB2; db On 9 cy Bhs a RAR nSic ges ag rnin ROR re hi Roig ip Rik ten suena Te, FRSESS GON SP a 6s to BR (A, Rin tal) Eeabardts Satya hte an lacks Boot bat Wak eine toneGIUOCO PIANO 3 1PHK4, PK 4; 2 KtKB3, KtQB3; 3 BOBy, BOB4. 4 PBs, Kt : ees aa E98 Bes FER 0) 1 Quxe() ws 3 oes B53 4 ERs Eg sk B-Q2 6 oe SuSE STNG EER BR IHP A TO! we as Ra of weber B3i 5 OB 3, 7 8 BRE) PxKe Eiri) BxB KK) Rok: ‘Kt-Q300 B-K3 (A) Qos Ba 204 PoKty Q-Ks Bar* 85625 Boxts xe Ene? RRS, Kixkt Kixxt oekes aie KR-Kidlt QROK? Ret Benda tare ees 4: PXP; 6 PXP, BHKts ch: Q-xts Foyt) OA BxP 6X5 BxPeh ROR? QxB om RB KK Koxke PXKt — BXPeh+ + BAK BAK 3—(0) Zoope- Baio Brepcnes Stabs abatiel, # eokitehas HMEP??, ROBIE 1S BOK, Reems 4 Keak, Q-B35 aie Bebledaege tester, Loa, too a ah Pepi: BA; tL PxB, 0-05, 12 OUR 4s, aia? ial bred Poe Oa ia, Ewes 1 OR OobaE fi fst Vctatn, 1619 B98, 00; 11 Bx Ke, PRB; 12 KEKE, STi pope sal ee gems ees ae wae th mania K-02 KiB as 18 Kea Kt Pats 14 RKP, OB Keka; 1 BR, ») saat ‘by TartakoverinDir Hypermécerne Schackparte7 GIUOCO PIANO EPCKy PK4i 2 KtKB3, Kt-QB3; 3 BUBy, BBY. 4 PBs, KtB3 8 6 6 + B=030 B93 PKs BLK PaO} | BOK GBD, BERZW Qxt=O: Kkexb i) Ks Reoks BQ PxP PQ g(m) ketd. Bikts ROS 9-94 0-0 PERG! Reka; 0-5 9 Qo? fe QoKtaO-0 = BK Kts KeBs PRs ORK Oo | BoB? PB ke, noo ROKr Q-K3 0 PxPep BXKE 8 Qe. Keck @) xtxP (Bs) PxB wKRK1 KeKs Q-Ky BLK3= (i) Q—K2 P-QB3 Pons PQ} Kets 13 KK 4) Key BUKtsch o~0-0 KeQK3(B-By) KBr 0-0 WKtBs KBs PER; PRG KixB? QB. Ke-KB PoKE3 15 OXKt Key. BxKt OR 3 (2) OR-OKtr (a) PXB() (Jug RRUXB: § BxB, KUxB; 9 Q-KES, POM; 10 Oe KY, Po 1 Sg ST EERE, canmenmeenne e @)0F O84 CHL; HO-RS.B—K: IPRS. O-Ba: 16 Kei, Bebe FY REDS, BABI Glamis caabhinaes BS Baie IN, ees! (© Tarsct—atiorn, Bei, 018 {a ean, Benes Wie", Bics7; t7 RwDr4, Taaiowe, pall QPP RRCOT: Wy OURDR Bande, F, Jalae Deen, SG) De cso Vain. Oro ea, 8 Pah, exer, 9 og ta Soe RA. Seat hed BaP PEE ont ter ELE A BR Be ig SOR PEARL EPR e pen a Marty cczepeaden i] JOR RP“ 4; ORS, BRA: 18Kt— Bs, KOK: 190—Recd, ALLO Fr iltime re Gch, arenes ode SS TEERE AOE Soh Kes, IES, KexP iF 8 Px Boktgen), 0-0; 8 Bx kt Binoy oes a G8 Beh GER Bak (a) Abalyu by Tartahover im Die Hypermateme Seaschparte: (0) Toe Goes Plaiesnn (0) SRB I (head sontovstes), P=B3: 9 0-8 oa a aaah RL LOTS, (9) 18 KK POR 9; 17 Pea, Pa ke Bord, ele—Bogalubody Rime, ee WsGIUOCO PIANO 7 2 POK4, PoK4: 2 KtKB3, KtQB3: 3 BUBy, BUB4 6 a 8 1 20 4@By Poa wo senvaennsseseeesee BORE pgs Po 5 Bx oR? o px So Boke. ports en $95 7 KBs EBIiy) POR BOKe3.....Kt-B3 BUKts() P-OR3 § BORO) 99 (9-0-9 Ra. FOKty BRO SR Sts FSks eles oPxB | BK3 BK) Ke“kts Bony BR, SS: bo a Ee, wO-ot PORs BOKty BOK} PLKtS SBlo ERT ERY BOG? Bet ar Bx Kt BUR2 2-93 PKs QxB BYS* G2 SRR, Eee Ran, aPoRe R02 Kez) Bech Rtg? P—QR4 R-Ka B-Kt3(f) K-Qr 0-0 is RORtI@) 0-0. PQs” PxP) | QRKTE QR-Kr Krk, Q°By a % P—B3 0 Q-K24 Q-Kts+(i) BKR4() (efi OKA; 6 PQA BOGS tapes sia col and (adoKe, kewwssan— ia, g-H2, 100-09,0-0-0,11 POR Rk Kinga Bem es 1 PCBR PeGaTy Wakao Vasa, ie) Handa, 1913 OFA EGET BITE ES a Pee at cree ie one Pee io, 18 H-Ba Boks Qe Coleneuj. G Rennie City of Landon conidia ie OE, TgpROK KS; 9 RBS, KU; MPa Ke. Bacr—iatoon coal dits sen DES DRSSIL PE APRESS BERS BOO GK BRGP Date BT GAS OTe GRRE Linton Binion 917. he cet tebe Bauie? eofbies Rial Git aaa Rt ik Sr Rink Gey aie BRE A 14 PG Rat, (@ ania by W. 7. Plc 79s long anetcy for Bick to pont i Qen at K 2, and be can Qekpose ine tae 15 by Bens POs L (a) Hondbach, 1938. Reka: wrong, reps UW Ro a8 eo2B GIUOCO PIANO 1 POK4, PK 4; 2 KtKB3, KtOB3; 3 BBs BOB4 AS Ee Eee ee 1 2 8 * 2 A BEB a cesesennes sees QO (eee BOY + ER SBP FBS Posy RUBIO) 5 eR BBlas Bat 60-9 Pgh OO BOK) gras Bet Shaws BABA Bok re -BoQs Keg! Ke-QRah) PAB TER eer SO) RENO Rory apps BOs BxPch Kemp) Bots Bob REO BA Ree POR, Qiegs QxP axe, BPs ° J —QR3 K—Q2 K—K2! 9 Kt—Kt5 wEQRUO KBs Gye BOK RRS XE QUT HERS) POOR) P98 PBs BxP Ke: 0-0 KEK 4 ig) Kitch BxP mPKts P-QKty Kt-Q2 PxKt = 0-0 KE-Q1@ Ke-K1(@ KtxPch (i) Q-R4t @ 0-0 (0) fig Poos RR, 7, P08 aka Vance 7 EL CRUAS EES GAS wie o2 BERG dete kei #. Taatsl—Afade, Bise-Baded weil SNE OoB8: 1 MIC BE MICK, Ig RINKS, Kink (O18 Q_BE PRG; 14 BRO ay Ener Maeh Ctra, so 09 - Elsiases—Gri = 1) 42-94 Pap spt it he Ste Cab 7, PBxPo, KDI; @PxB i Ke—B Al, 4, BxPs arcs SRE BSR ego AL, be Palanan A Rates coesptncenes ad ee Ee i eek (H)18 HU Key Qx Ke secure Black « draw by perpetual check; but after 14 GUg5 Belbas taking ber (0 6.709 imams i tree SBOKS, BOK (uy P0977 € BaD, Poe garkarr seg kendh bbs Diab, fener aga gens bO-8e Hpiuoe hel bata, ion O: Se HRA BSB Boks, tbh hve eg Oke Ae He ARBRE aE vp 2 DMRS, Boxes, SIRT, KeK2; 9 PLES b mwa beter 6 alidets By BP Laon Sampinaaip oats P*R BURT: MH: Seeove— sie (Or 6 PERS, K—-QR4; 7 BKI3, PBS; 8 POM, Pe Pa. salto QaQh, PGE RS O-K2 80-0, BRS; OBS, GRO. (o) 18 PRR L. Sebleshter—Salwe, Carabad, 1677, 2 PRS, 9-98GIUOCO PIANO 79 1 P—K4, PK4; 2 KtKB3, Kt-QB3; 3 BBs, B—B4. oe : Camas a on Ree eee a) 2g Bee cei erect + Base ESR BxB BoK3@ POOR, xB 1 QxB KKtxP() BxB 0-0, PXB Regs Kexke PxB KeK2 KER 120-00 BxKt Q-Kts PQy PxP POR! 0-0 BY PxP QxP BKt; 9-03) PQs KtxP P-O4 POR, Bxkiy) PxP KUxkt KEB3 um P-OR4 PxB KEXPLb(m) BxKe | PxP koteals PoBa= 7B 3=0) KexP= (9) Avira 93: Oa Go okt: PRM AE GE Rts het GiEFe eee Rik Ree Ay Eee eR eG 0,60. Hye Reng 8,04 Ke, 10PxB, BxB; 2PxB, APPA, ortekCapabiane ite, oie. geet ie irs ce hee BroleG 2* Ricista th Bastin, Gotlenbtce bes ea (15 Pxikt, PBA. Proker—Ahony, Hamburg, 1980, (9 Be Gaal Varn EQN U7 BOKLY P-B9— (oglsbotl OF Ou, B-KS: a egeraein? 8 Hed, ROBE. ae 0 Keke, QuKe, 1-2 BK MLS: 12 PRS, Bx Deatflgteeds "Spitishans vider, Sat Remo, 199, gy g Mines U1 Pe, Kobe; 12 BKISch, Boas 13 Bea Be BEES RRS OG, Ga FEN Eetalover hoe, Bites, BoKtG; 2 KIXB (12 O°, Keekts 18 Bat, O-or WEARERS Re Ee ee “GrotFlne, Ovend, 1957 eBay Mh BoKS RK I; 180-0, Baka or 18 ekg SeRPE MPSS Ain hae SSB Siena: ee Oat = Canine i 18 BrKES Quack witha glk ctw. Tartkover—Rebiotel, Botaret i) Weak, Best 10.-y OO (Capablanca). {rm Capatanss Buttes, Moscow, 196. (fy Gaaal--Capabanes, Cavete, 1929 (0) Tareakover—Araa, Bea, 1090, xB.80 IRREGULAR AND UNUSUAL OPENINGS ‘Tue term “irregular openings” is difficult to define. Openings which in the past would without hesitation have been relegated to such a category have now become favourite ‘weapons of the routine-player—witness the countless varia- tions arising from 1P—Q 4—and must to-day be called eminently regular. On the other hand, openings which formerly dominated the tournament repertory have now disappeared almost completely. Where there may be a doubt as to the propriety of calling the lines given here irregular, their unusualness is a matter of statistics. ‘We have attempted to surmount the difficulty of classi- fication by dividing the lines given in this section into three sub-sections : (1) Fianchetto Defences; (2) King’s Knight's Openings; (2) other unusual lines of play, to which we have leit the plain heading of Irregular Openings. Francuzrto DEFENCES. In the King’s Fianchetto Defence (cols. 1 to 3), so frequently adopted by Amos Burn and his school, it cannot be said that a clear advantage can be demonstrated for White; at best the first player remains in control of more terrain, The Queen’s Fianchetto Defence (col. 4) and Double Fianchetto (col. 5) are definitely inferior. Kixo's Kytonr’s Orexixe, ‘The irregular variations of these fall under two general heads, according as the development is on steady or on gambit lines. In the former case the Hungarian Defence (cols. x to 3) is quite playable for Black, who remains with a cramped but solid position, Both the Inverted Hanham (col. 4) and Alapin’s Opening (col, 5) are indifferent con tinuations for WhiteIRREGULAR OPENINGS 8x in the latter case Greco's Counter-Gambit has been given a new lease of life by the researches of Latvian analysts (particularly K. Behting), who maintain that the gambit is perfectly sound. Their analysis seems to be quite correct, but in practical play by Black usually loses. 7 B—B 4, brought into prominence by Sir G. A. Thomas's victory with it over Tartakover at Spa, 1926 (col. 6), still holds the field as White's best resource. The Queen's Pawn Counter-Gambit (col. 10) is inadequate for Black. Imrecutar Openines, Under this heading Nimzoviteh’s Defence (cols. 1 to 7) is by far the most important. Black's strategical object is to lock the centre and undertake an attack against White’s King’s side, However, White's counter-attack against Black’s Queen’s side is much easier to play and much stronger than Black’s King-side manceuvres. In col. 2, which is one of the pioneer games in this variation, this is demonstrated clearly. In col. 4 Black plays a French Defence without an early P—QB4. Nimzovitch handled this line with great virtuosity, but since his death the line is no longer seen, Cols. 8 and 9 show variations beginning with 1Kt—KB 3, which do not properly come under Rétis Opening. The Tenison Gambit (col. 8) is unsound, ‘The Queen’s Knight's Opening (col. 10) has been trans- ferred to the irregular openings because only two examples of its adoption have occurred in the past six years. Cols. 11 to 15 and note (m) show unusual first moves for White, ‘The Saragossa Opening is the strongest of these and has received the enthusiastic support of the Spanish analyst Scfior Jose Juncosa. It transposes frequently into various opening lines, some with the colours reversed82. IRREGULAR OPENINGS FIANCHETTO DEFENCES 2 8 4 5 -P—QKt3(@) PHO4 pee P-Q3 BORea Kt_KB3 BOBS 3 Bogs)? Boke! BOR} (By Kt-KB3 P_OBy. Kas) KOK BS KeOKB3 PKS @) B4(@) Q-K2() KtOBs KtQ? 52871 BSE SRS? Boks 0-0) F-KR; Qs KKt-Bs SS Oo? RB, eee PRRs KtB3 KioBs Q-K2 Keg? PoKy =P; BOs BOK; PxP P-Ks PLKR4() PKR; PXP PXP POER4 2 BK3 PxP Kets Rope, $23 OOK? Ro. Kco% wo KtR3i KtR2 0-0-0 B-Ky 0-0-0 Pky B-K3 Kt-By POKy " PxP KK Kts BOKts4 B-OBy KKtxP BxB ROKBY a BK2 QxB QB a+) BOK3(@@ KR-O11) py Bet sQh LQ FUERTE STE? a GE Taya PoR Ra, O0g; ERCES Poa 4 Kevba og te tgege ot SE RE REE RE OE Rat ectofeaa deat Scat Panoks peed iettid Paka Pate artist ee aR eee Ae pole Peace uerne as BES SEES esis te fe fuapegt oat Dens 27-96, 2-2 Qos Fae a MnKMs Hota, 4 Boon PooRe: SPB OPE REE! {ateinoa”FareakoverCarads 1888, 77) ® BR () Beate Panceto Detece {pe Siete noe asi aftr ac ma played 00, {h Jnmom"Oaian, Camage Sogn oe OTe ot oT R aS PaO a AbCD4! f—98, Peart BOOSs: ‘Neste cenIRREGULAR OPENINGS 83, KING'S KNIGHT'S OPENING (KK: Keka f B-Ka P-KB4 Kt-B3 0 KtxP(m) . 3 PQs P59; 8} Sey PB3 QKt_Qa() PxP KBs BORG PAO4 RK: PB; POg oo" Bokia kets 3 Bb: KB 5283 837 SS BK; Kip: ktB3 BceY, Boa Bie 9QxKt PER; QKtQ2 KtKty QKtxP BOK3I=@)POKR3 R-Kr BoKts Ri-B3 Fy KtR2 KtBr PKR, BKts POKKty BoBr PORRY Kexkt 1" KtKty KtoKts BUKts BxKtch KtKt}| PoKK?3 Q—Q3'F PxB 2 PUK Kt; BUK3 Ktxkt HK? 0) BoKtsche cape ee Ki—B3;'s B—B4, B-K2 An alternative os 9 SPo04 MKB a: 8 Pee, Pxb; Soke oe Eset Raha wut ne Pep gt en goa aes on oe Keck; 7 Be Pek, Ke BGR a RxBs oO ky pgay 10 OS osen, Boks; HE REPIGoIy & Metal IA. } Maas, Nice, 1990. cae PPM IS Ades Matin ete Aas robe BBP bE, Sh a il BB i) Wiebe, heb it Foxe o"gs hates natn (iota ritalin, gu ance ence ees shy ohh EAE VRS Y a, eb) (Neos a es Raed Hi 2B padfktas PP2ik keto Eebattrae” Hiomaaes, Pate, 6 (hy 3 Pog KiQR4 Bvanoha—Niowonth, Se Peteaburg, 014 sung Tove Hanh Opening. Tas nua Trtakov~ Dopo, Landony BRE ar Sy BaK Res on.tg played. The cotuna shoud comple ith Paukdues Beence, pith cl ae » Auras Oper. ¢ 2 FBS, Seed spy 2, PHO Spgs, Pub; 4 Kew? semspene into the Crate Gane, 5 A KexP, PQ 4 or QH2 ts Black’ slap tine84 IRREGULAR OPENINGS KING'S KNIGHT'S OPENING KKB 3. 1 Pky, PK 7 8 6 2 PKB4 (a). 3 KtxP!@). eB 42-94 PO3 5 KBs) PxP 6 KtB3 (a) Q—KE3 (6) 7 BBy. Kee 83 8 KtK3 BK o PEE A a baaS! Revo, Bedisakitka ged ft g fet hath Reda Sia nateet ENT R Ht Rtgs AEP R a nape. SxG.4, Thomas Taahows Sp, 1008 prota: WE ke O* Re GSR ay One, Boks HERS OAR AEE Bttage— Os REL IE RXOK Roorten, SEERA Ea, HM SBE age kaa aki POBSELQE 1s xtxor, Keck: ise niet ae Benet EEOE MAE foes deen ene sab eK eEh Naah eae BRR Ron, VOR, ane SpE RD SSR E Pie Deb TORT SPE ES fre Rea etbiae baste SC Ge—Ot Wop ch Oa RCT ERE gong ACR He B a; SF GBR POR: 6PxP 0-0; 70-84. GutmayerIRREGULAR OPENINGS 85 ‘NIMZOVITCH'S DEFENCE 1 PK, ROB 1 2 3 + 5 2 P04 Pogy.. peomn pKa) 3P-K “xe. PxP. PIB} Ox KO 4 KOKB3 KK B3 P-KB4 (A) BoRts i Kinke} 5 BK: KUKBS?0) POR Bobs 6 PxP KeKs BoBy KCB P Borst PoO3 7P-B3 PB; Kt-Kts B03 0-92 Kor 8 BKKts KecKts KtoB3 92 Bue? OMe Qing: BOK; BKs Keep Kony KR3(@) KOR} PBS PKR, Q-B3 ro BR, QKt-Q2 BKB, BUKts Q-93(m) Eokke, Boks?* Pee’ keoRtsw 985 HEOKts | POKR KExe BUKe3 O20-0% @ O=O ely Kexker BoOKts = eae eee eres 6 Sioa, aa Te ee nen, mew Boas, 1 con PEE ahaa kk Bea, Pak Fee reece eee ASE See 12 KOK, KiAB2; 19 PKU! Durae—Ninsowteh, Osten, 1097, 9 Kuss 6 BOQ sounder. Te clue verbo Dork Fars POs KE; $0 thie BS rah dugbitag Ass = i) Wud Mince Kear 16 pfiteg Be RESINS E UIE ORR Eats HEURES i pan fies Oa BG tat Pa ores ne Bare Br eres SETI ESAS CBSE Thier mates Hag eget Gas FE ee a ane TASTES US Bit MebwaPatcca rates86 IRREGULAR OPENINGS 6 1 8 ° 10 FPKQivee -EtKB3()) KO Bs (m) (ce 9'5 3) PQ 4eree BO P94) 2 KtOR..KtKB3 PoK4() P-K3 PKs () POR3(@) PKS) PxP BOKis Ps PQ, PQy Kt-Kts PQKts QRe-Ka Boks PQ} Poy) PokBy Boy KtK2@) P-Ky PKR, BoKta Kt_kt3 Pigg 9 boOkts KevgbywPoks | BoK3 SPs PBs BoBy | Keg ih) PQs PokRy Qke«. RoR; KORY) GBs cies b-gy. mons P-EDe P-gae BSR, E8a, S582; EB* ERR TER), QoKs PB; EoBy POR By Bra &5, BE? ECR. BE SPB PKs PxPQ EB, BAP Roe, ERE] BEG, Go BS, oba; REIS Po ee : Be. Bes’ BOB] RSA @ GR vo KER; KEge! KEK an BGM, Be@a. 25hkn. paced rr BOS EO Re_B4O) Kents Batt 0) foc re on RE was Hagar Dare OSpuemehes gi gn teoegs Ree Neen bene prep 6-6; OKo keg! Sy Baas, Goa) To ROE Bog aE! ‘Marsexy_—Nimeoviteh, San Remo, 1980. alee See 1 SISAL ol oe nes te oping Sacad SETS tS aivantiog of She Conte Coase datavoutaSe tae Oh omar ea tte ek ro en 2 ren ea Oe fh igaa ein tte nett nde Qa uerkts SHOPS WokBe 42-ay ee) LARGE Bontitr SES DSSS EEG ete bi, ay popper ee meron Oh BB tect ea ty (Bipot Lae oes EER EEL eg io) ForaPQ teeQueees Pernumesca ae, soIRREGULAR OPENINGS 87 1 2 8 a 8 TEC QBSase seep BOD Rtn BAKU) BIS POQB 4. BOR BY (POR PO 4 (9) 22-04) Pode Bots Boe: KCBS PRS POkis@PORB3 PRB; Poy 3PK4 Ke-B3 PK 4iA) PK 4) PHO4 KeKa@p-e: SoBe” ppt” BxP 4PKs POKKis BB, B-By xP KOs PoOu) xe. eke Keckes SKtB3 BOKt2 QoRgch PBy PK y Pog; KO? FOKKts Poo} | ke -dEs() SPAR Qrits! GoBs, | BxQP B-gKts Bxp BOP! Gke2ns PxP 7PxP KecKts Kika QB; BxKt BXP | QKes RBs 89} BAD SB-Ktsch BB; PLEKty KK: PK Boge" Goo} PoBy* Keck’, Kents oBxBch KtQR3 KtPXP PO, KtxKe KxB POKR3 PQ = Q7RE Puke 0-0 «KBs PXQP)BBr KtKa oo Py RABY BOK By BOKY HQKHQ2 KeXs Q-Ky Bo 2K 35% oa Rots BB? Oxg? 2 Kak Ki-By QxB Ke Eke Roose Sead SS.9 Boy upper oeess King) Pog iMisses"“Leoahard : fe Sar ee Teaver 3 Pg Ro qu al Se Go mee ey eet petal oath wa eRe teas ooo eis aded'h aie het ae RA ee at Lpagae Beant MK Dn Pas; «Pas LOeaE TER, CEE IS AR? SERS, TSPMiniotk Ftc, Kings, 1928,88 KING’S GAMBIT In the group of openings arising from r P—K 4, P—K 4: 2P—KB 4, PxP, White speculates on an attack on Black's K Ba, with the help of the open King’s Bishop's file. On his 3rd move White’s main choice lies between B—B 4, the Bishop's Gambit, or Kt—K B 3, the King’s Knight’s Gambit. These gambits, once very popular, are still occasionally practised by masters such as Spielmann, Tertakover, and Stoltz, and by a few leading amateurs. Since the Abbazia Gambit Tournament of xgr2 it has been recognised that by an immediate counter-attack in the centre, without attempting to maintain his gain in material, Black obtains at least an equal, if not the superior, game, and is exposed to none of the traps in the classical attacks springing from the Bishop’s and Knight's Gambits. Brsnor’s Gaxert, This does not lead to such complicated positions as the Knight’s Gambit, but has the merit of greater soundness. One of the strongest defences, based upon the counter sacrifice of Black's Queen's Pawn, is shown in cols. r to 3. The line in col, x may be recommended, together with that in col. 5, as the safest equalising defences. The reply 3..., KtKB3, favoured by Morphy, has been somewhat discredited by modern tournament play; Bogoljuboft’s Defence being demolished by Tartakover’s analysis in col. 7 and note (f). . In the Lesser Bishop's Gambit (col. 8) White seeks to recover the Gambit Pawn without exposing his minor pieces to the counter-attacks available to Black in the Bishop's and Knight's Gambits. It was adopted by Tartakover at the New York Tournament, 1924, with a considerable measure of success, and may be the soundest form of the King’s Gambits. .KING'S GAMBIT 89 Kine’s Kitont’s Gaver, The strongest defence to this is shown in cols. 1 to 5, Black obtaining an advantage in development, and retaining the Pawn on Bs. Consequently, the Knight's Gambit is now but little played, the possibilities of the Bishop's Gambit, offering more attractions. The classical reply 3..., PK Kt 4, retaining the Gambit Pawn, is not now encountered in serious play, White’s attacking chances, under the influence of the time-limit, far outweighing that theoretical superiority which Black finds so difficult to demonstrate in practice. White has the choice of two systems of attack, according as he plays to break up Black’s Pawns by the immediate advance 4P—KR4 (cols. 11 to 25), oF contents himself with rapid development by 4B—B 4 (cols. 26 to 40), inviting the reply 4..., P—Kt 5. In the former case, the Allgaier Gambit (cols. 11 to 15) gives White an exceedingly strong attack, equalling the ‘Muzio Gambit in vigour. Black’s defence in the usual lines (cols. 11 to 14) is extraordinarily difficult, despite the advantage of a piece. The Kieseritzky Gambit (cols. 16 to 25) has been advocated by Rubinstein, who maintains that White recovers the Gambit Pawn with the superior game, an ambitious claim not supported by the evidence of practical play. In the latter case, Black maintains his Pawn in the Berlin Defence (cols. 26 to 29), but his task is by no means easy in an over-the-board game. Black has the alternative P—Kts on his 4th move, compelling the sacrifice of a piece, since the natural reply 5Kt—K5, the Salvio Gambit, exposes White to the over- whelming attack in col. 30. The brilliant Muzio Gambit (cols. 31 to 40) appears to yield White full compensation for the material sacrificed. Col. 33 deserves special notice.~ KING’S GAMBIT ‘The old defence 6..., Q—K2 (col. 34), favoured by From, offers Black his best chance. Brentano's Defence (cols. 35 to 37) has proved inadequate, Black losing so many Pawns that, even though he be successful in staving off the attack, he is left at a serious disadvantage in the resulting endgame. The two gambits in cols. 9 and 10, although rarely seen, are worthy of mention. Breyer’s Gambit (col. 9) resembles the Vienna Game, and is at least as good for White as most variations of the King’s Knight's Gambit. The Keres Gambit (col, 10) is an old line, which has been played by Keres in recent correspondence games, after being well tested by his fellow-Estonian, the late Martin Willemson. It leads to unusual positions, where White has much scope for his imagination,KING’S GAMBIT # BISHOP'S GAMBIT 1 PK, PK4i 2 P-KBs, PXP; 3 BBs. 1 2 3 ‘ 5 3 P04 sereenees tenses Kt-QB3ee PHK BS) 4 BXP, PxP BOs 5) Q-K2 ROK KeOKB; KOE” QoRsa KiQB3 KBr Kt_QB} P-K3i) K-Qr SBR) POkkae@ soa? Ee BP CRBS KUQBsMO-Kach BOKEs QxPona Bab? ECR gchie Bos Pee Qh OBE) POs TERS BBE BB aoa EeSées suBe BKty KMCK2 Poxey QuBP bro ECR EEGRS* Ende 8G oi KBs BOR Bat Bx oe aS Rao oR RB, wher, BkRg Boks Kops Bogs RS, BCRSt EGR a? BR uR-Kie PKS KeRy KeQp xOKe Bee! Reet BORE? ECB}. 2 QxB, 0-0 Ks Ba FR, a, 8 Peo. BOs) ROKE on EE u KOK y+ Boxy Reh. 7B -We3, KBs; oxen, ete ae BRE Naan ee (c)_ Or 6. Kt2: 7 P—O4, Kt- "8 Kt—B3, O—R4; 9 P—KR4, roth ooreS aR PE IRE Me Soo, RE (4 PORK; 9 PERM; 8 Pou, PKR: pee Rte Gib te Ra bebe PSH RPSP AS RPS, BALSAM ESES hat Wptedintat let Maco, 124, Black sould now ents 18. , RHI, MN tate keicn¥ ar Kies Rows Cant, coll SOBA eb, Roa! br Bed OS epelataen ied, Gh SC? tacts be ane = ety ee a ae ke fae ks: oss Kas 5 POR Kea ihe kick 207 as Fed! Gast oRstb, Ook kis) foxes, TEMP (7 Bx Ke Reb; § 0x7. B09), PBs id SE RES BBE NSP ERS,92 KING'S GAMBIT BISHOPS GAMBIT; BREYER GAMBIT; KERES GAMBIT PPK 4, PK 4; 2 PKB4, PxP. ¢ 7 8 ° 10 2 BOK 0) GB 5 (mE OB 6) 3 Roby Boos) Kogss oon sd 4+ R9Rs PxP PBs iq) K-Ka EERE @ Rikes Ross POs Boe, Pn eee Boe” Eas seops peg Ese bes Beet 6 Kt-05 (a) BxP P-O4 PKs Kt-By ono)” BX; BoRtsen Ken's | Bx Kt eh 79-0 H-93) 0 K-Biy) BxP PxXB Kixke BOK Kts PXP BoB; K-Qr SPxXKt Q-Bz BxP() BOs POs Kt? 0-0 PRP. Bok?) plikey oP-O4 BxP BXKt | PxP BQ Kickts RoKreh KOQ4! BXP Bots ro Kt-Ks() KB: K-B2 Kt-K2 BULKY Bog; PoOKty RxB 0-0 ORs a Ktxkt BAKts BxP 9-0 PAK R4(r) BPxKt PLKt3 0-0 POR POR} 2 Q-Kty+ QKt-Ks Kt-KB3 BxKr Kt-B3 KExP(g) Kt—B3-+() QKEP x (0) Kt—K 2 0-0 fe 8PHES, PA. 0-0; 77-99, BaMts BPD, POs sonics” Spilmnin” Sogn Tier iohie ort aa Se RASS BRLOS a SFtnnnae"Seuned omic eae AA PDE aves Orne see Us ha Mi dusienets Demo ed tenes: 8 ef SER Peer Mra 0 PERE. Gaiman Bosohibad MabtseiGuriysieak Gr eeeoe Boe spss are ress Me, SSE! Brecht Seika ees Sekt: Pikme ne, Pam 7 Bar, Pam; 6 PKs (grb bx ky Pa Bs MOnKS2, BBs 16 Kix (arson To osama to nial sckh hove hangin Chalo, acteapoodecee NOT (i) Toe Lanet Buy's Gast. Gan kets sea 2S aR Se AP 70a SA REEN [SR AAG PRES Tae hone Prati eae! BREST ets RETis pg! Tcckoversalssnite New Vor Tost () 7 B—ge. Buen; & Qxb was ever Tarnow eae (The Breyer Gambit a exes elens rovomiads 4 ONF, KIWBS; § KE-OB3, KO RES eaxds, Beard 's 09 kttas bw nietada Sb ryine Chater, sh is Slats ara Conte ak eee et, Sevens, 15 KS, Pgs; 8 B—KUSc, Kick 2,070; RAP SKIZH 88 B_Kesan:KING'S GAMBIT: KING'S KNIGHT'S GAMBIT 03 1 P_Ky, PoK 4: 2 PK Bg, PxP) 5 KKBS, 6 Kecitt PxP Oke PxP 7Q-K2ch KtePxke POs BoB, K3) BQ; BKS@.B-93 BO} SB-By PQy BOs PBy Q-Kach BoKt 06! PRity OokSan GOka 9 KtxKt 00. K2 K-B2 OxQch Pxxe KeoBs KB¢ PQB, RxO wE-Ktsch PBy = BxXB | OBQ3, P-Oe wees rogkts gee Oks | abs a PQ4 PK Kty RKreh KtKs e8t Bokkes Qoomh Roel: Beat wBxktch Keke Q-K2 PxB PXB@ BxBO) Boor KO4@ 8 10 seeseeeee BOK? (0. .PHE Kg B-B4 | Ke-B3 (9) BORSch PoKtS KBr (m) KtKs PoQ4” Q-Rsch -B—93) BxP PLKt3 B3 KtKB3 PxP o0. 0 KtB3 xP Ke-9B3 QxP. PK Kt3 0-0 axa SBKts Kem; Kt B; PO, KtxQ POR; BOKts BoRs PBS POY oBxKtch KB: Kt-Ka B-Ke3 BR Pewee eS come s-o Dore eS ceed ce a 9) aes ee cde eee Bee ae ER, ES) ER ica 2 J jetcomerean Mesa eae ee gg wenn HRp Rages inks Rau Bogotjbat, Bee, 1b. 4, Réti—Nyholm, Baden, 164 mo cole I The column i Splelmani Nests on p80of KING'S GAMBIT ‘ALLGATER, GAMBIT 2: PK 4, PK4: 2 PKB4, PxP; 3 Kt B3, PK Kt4; VPK Ry Poke Ss: 5 Kt Kes. at 2 18 4 15 5 P-KR3. seseseese KO=KB3() 6 Kix PKs Kxke Q-K? [B-Bach) Q—K2 Eph AP 7 B-g 4 BxPch Kt-OBs 8 BxP Ke-KB30) Poof" KXKT~) KECK Kt_p3 BRP | PQs. OOBs OBS. .PxP ‘K—Kt2(é) Kt-KB3(g) QxP ch (A) woB-Ke B-Bych PxP | KtB3 BK2 Bxkich(@Q Roets) KewB; Bowes Kexk wPXB PORsch Kt_B3 BXBP — QxPch BXp KORO BoKtS Kix) | RS Or 2 9-08 K2 B-QBy PxKt PQ4 Si, $e pep™* Oke gokta 130-0 O-0 -BxBP Boks; ROBr Bxke 0x0 mMP-By BKs QxPPXB KtxQeh PBS Kew; Okra keep; Ker 1s QR-Ktr KR-Br R-Kt3 9-92 Ktxr Bogs g-k2) RoBr BCK3; POR; 1ORB2 Kt-Qs BB, 9 QROKr -BxP} Qkt-g2 KixK? BOK? K-g2 17 B-Q6 — QxPch BLK 5 (8) ie Thal, Ath xn on, aii] OP, Keka; x Sed Stee Bek non we oy 37 1 uy Oa Sali BPE bg GRRE WECES EEE Xu Ki cy ey ‘RxQeb}; 11 BK’, B—K2; 12 Ki—b3, Bx P, Hares Shas seni ee EA mae a ihe Gera hace (hen eet, Thee, me: 10 Fae, KIRBY tam ite fh PoBt; 1024 enon 1 mt oo aes PRA DTIEER GE RAL SPER IETS SPELL ERE ee oP ‘Uort ogg 0g bag 7 TRRAL Mgr, gonD gai Rea PRATER MD BERR Bis dhotimisiey™Robiiovich, Mosc, toase *® obese BEA ABBR kt lee BBsKING'S GAMBIT 98 KIESERITZKY GAMBIT 1 PAK 4 PK4: 2 PKB 4, PxP; 3 KtKB3, PK Kty SP-KR4, PORES; 5 KK 5. 16 a 18 0 20 PO3 PQy KtxktP KECK B 3 PKR4 PxP KtB2 7PQ4 BBs) P94 B93 (6) KtKB3 5 BXP PxP, O00) PHO4 QxP KeRy BxKe BRS 9 Oxo KeOBs RKr KtB3 BxQ ono QoK2 | KtCKts wP-B3 KK 4@ PBs 9-33 BREE © Kt? KOR, Keke ar PXB, KexBP PQ4 BxKe KEQB3 Q-Kr Keg. PxB wBOKts KeBy-KtsKxKt — PxB. KKH WO” KeKts QxQch = KixP = BUKtS BXKt «KtLKs Bx. POKt3 Q-Kt3 PXBQ) _Kt—Kt3( BOB4() 0-9) Baa 1 2 Ey Ey 8 .BOK 2 5 PQ4 (#).--Kt—QB3(n).Q—K a. SROs POs POs OB Be BB Ki“KB3 Kode PQ} BxPch ROR? PERG 7BXP, | PxKE | KEKE opr PoOg Be RSS| BMGT EOL EBte skeg: Ber) KiBs BP’) PxP Rig? ik. ckBs RoScrs 2B, MEO PxPs | BxPo Key °SXSS bkkra Ee BOR, BOS? wooo Ske” ORs Peis BOE $e5° Bech BGI GS Bee nB-Q3 0 BxQ BK2 BxP) RQ ReWaq Bxe 9 Reck'ps Exe BoRty nQRK? BXB QB) Ets, BB Seat’ BYR ES, Eos Es BBXKe | KER; Post BRB) KEB3 BXB OxB Boat? 4 RxB(o) Sore PBse eas Ke SP RIEEX, ROR (Laveen ah, Bae Sten REG BY 2959! 8 RINPLKIxPs 10 Keak, Pree ees SPRE! 12 Pee, Ki-Q2; 18 KtxKt Oe BISRGE dears ISBSRt Bets. Analyss by Cordl and Schlechter, fa Saaiteh Seinmtndes 1008. Wie wos Neer m8,9 KING'S GAMBIT KING'S KNIGHT'S GAMBIT 1 PAK 4, PK 4; -2 PK B4, PxP; 3 Kt-KB3, PK Kt4; 43-34. 26 2 28 29 30 4 BAK, . sree POKt fistteessssesessee BOER Gf) KEK 5 (8) PER} Q-R3ch eros Po. mBr ERks 3; eh, PBs) EBy) BxPaD Ths, soukes REGRP RARPP PKK POKKts Kicks Xucxtch BORG mints Pos? Gx? Ges Px Key Ry O03 DERE oo, P—B6 Pope B-Q2 RxB - Kis Koxee@ Bogs Quake xP BRP BAR BB*5 STK. HBXP KBs QP BBS P04 QBs Bxkt 6-0 ROKY 8s HECKKts PxB | BePch PQ} PERS BOSS R21 RRP RS, GES QK-Q2 B-By O-Ry ux’ Que CREEK Bote, Bd. Bat Sw 1 2) PKs 0-0-0 “Ee OP Rae BSA isR-KBr POKR3 gag" ECER? 16 KR, 3 St? w ZB, Sati acre KO ened rt by 0-00 Ws eS OR RE Eve oe Bee ST LO TOR IoxF uke. * Dr (@) Speinann—Getatld, Cisbad, 1025. The chances are even. sph. aR PP Sy FH ORNP, Puts 1 Qe panne crate 12 BSP OFKD! Bak tee a, daw need Been emcee Ra Set Giga PNieoviet) “Tae alan é Siena oeceela Ve ah mat R RE O-O;,11 BoBy Pegs (Q) Tan Ceabrve Pilger Gambit. viens 1828 5 12 Kees +, ac RARER WEBS MA BOR EMER, On Daas EGR RES ty ee ia batt ion BR ‘ay Andernea—Neusnan, 106, (0 The Stivo Gabi. ) Ki BP, BB gee or Rae BoE BOR EES (a) DabiarCanitmage, corapondence, 1892, DON, PORE, 18 RBS,KING'S GAMBIT w ‘MUZIO GAMBIT 1 PAK 4, PHK4; 2 PoKB4, PxP; 3 KEK Bs, POR Kty: 4B, Poke. a 3a 33 ae 38 50-0 PxKe. sieeeeeeeenen PQ 4 @® PxP sQ-Ks BK EQ4) xP e933 BOs KeBs P03 Kee? keS8a 0 BxP ees BRB Kt05, xB PBs QBym O70 QR-Kr KORt Ke-Bs Sahk Pak RK, HRT BOK) Qo ES) pork, BG2 15 Q-K210 QBxP Rs BQ: ORK: OK; £63 oBiw Regs ikem) 4 Q-B2@ QBs BxQP Q-QB3 kexts 4 -B4(e) BxB PxB P-QB3 ws Q-K2 QxB_—-KtKts KeBy Ee; RS, otek, ROO wer 6 QBs BoKey xP RS iy Kees BaP ” Keost Keo6e RxP edt K-22) ARM RR PEE Pah RE RAP OUT, RACER SEGRE EO oe ot TG inset dt aR APARS QBECE TARY oo AS GARE BaP, RABI; 17 Qu Rcks, Avnijas by Tebixor aad WOME nes: 15 RE RS, QooKt3; I BAPS (toorhe-Brrovsty pikes Boats Bae Bna oats: senats unig 16 O-K4, RKB S; 17 KOs, CRG; 18 PHB ROK SS Es a Boe neiestar tien iors ee res a gobi ba aaa? GLA Mik: ones .derssen, London, 1862. ip ast SE so Ge tet year Bs coe AEE SE: SP Roa BIER 1 oFom0, ped wee RSE PRLIREESE 160% 95 19 0K, ioe NE:98 KING'S GAMBIT SS MUZIO GAMBIT 1 PK 4, P-K4; 2 PKB, PxP; 3 Kt-KB3, PK Ktgi 4 B34, PKs. oe nk ba. -R Sythe BABE £835 BOE AO BEBAM ibe cr pro eesan Bik mgms 289 BSP REE 7 xP BXKBPch P—Q4i) BxQP_ QxP Pong @KxB | BOK3 Kt-KB3 Kt-KBs 8 gxP EtcKsch K-93 9-9 xP By KOKY POR; Phy Pots oREBS E-Og 950. KiB3 Kt_KB3 BOK PBS PxKt = PxB ROKer wo PKs PxP PXP PXxP 2-0 PXB BOKt: BB, B-Kt2 ROKts mm PXKt © PKB4 Bx. BxP Q-Ks B03 Ke-K2' BXKty 0-0 RXP+ (mi) a ROKra PB BOKtsch Buty BAG? EeRks Regi" GOS is Qeits Kot? QR-Krch Bxkt BBB GURG? BREST BND yK-Rr | BABS+(@) BxP xB Kt -Q2 QoKts OxO+ @ KexP+ QORO) me ghgygon Own omen ss yap Bont Slacmatraee A ceuetias te ESR ges WEA eee 11 doeGuPaek See staze PF 2-8 one ae orraerai ik pero emer soRLR E24 LESUVSSERE dl teaTas 7 xP ea ht, i 6h aia o olyh 2aTr Nh 288 Qi Rete tan 7a FKP Bd; in Sat De Bee ih, 19 PQ3. Auibach— 17 OBS, PB 4 (arscey.KING'S GAMBIT 99 ‘Nous for cols to 10 cia. (0) Rei—Wybolm, Avbasa, 1012. QUSPNE GPS EGBA EGR RLS RaD BORIS: oDoKa puck; o'Baes, G2RScae, ‘crab Novae, mate, 1000-84. (0) Gumastch—Relsia, Bertin, 1808, () The Cunsingham Gambit, tn) U.S Pou Hea, PuPs 6 0-0, POA: TBAP, Kink BS; 8 BAPA, we) FRITE SE ee BIKE. nj Tee Quande Gani, An sreaie & 4 P_Q¢ (ountrter Gani, polis; exe's, Gaieseh see Mts, PB; 7 QxP,QKo. nboik anh, TOE Gd GE Beis elec See ane . (171, PHT Gach; 8 QQ. PARAQ; 9 ORES. Notes for cols. 16 to 25 etd. (7 BRE; 6 P94, KER 4, trassposig into col, 17, is sales for Black (0) The Rice Gambit. y) MB=R9, KiB Ochi 1S PKL OxP; OR KS BBA: 17 K-02, TE SR SBR h ite 26 Bobs, Po Realy Sy capac, bos, and'ad aster Wks, Pub; 1S KinQ6, Q—BSIs 16 RtxQ,KBXKt; 17 Ox, adh) 1S Based? atl, Hin? © * ® (0) Brentano's Deenee. (Al. PRBS; 12. QR-K1, Bets path PER faba (@) Neumann's Defene, The column ie fom Lirotok, 121. BOK?) 8 BxP, BxPeh; 9 Pkt, BRU Robt bbud, Bee; iski—met, 18 BxB, K-Q2; UM BXKBP+ BBB, Px B (Selecta); 17 Q—K2, 7. 5 10 RAP, RR, ney 1100 KING’S GAMBIT DECLINED ‘Tar customary method of dectining the King’s Gambit gives rise to positions of great complexity, frequently reacting to the detriment of the second player, who, under the stress of match-play, would be well advised to select instead one of the excellent lines at his disposal in the Gambit Accepted. But the number of times that, in modern master-play, Black is called upon to make a choice of how to defend is strictly Timited by the fact that he hardly ever has the Gambit offered to him. The usual defence 2..., BB4 (cols. 1 to 10) gives ‘White chances of a successful attack on the King’s Bishop's file after neutralising the restraining influence of Black’s ‘King’s Bishop. The interesting variations in cols. 1 to 4, which have given rise to some of the most brilliant games on record, are now very seldom encountered. The line in col. 2, beginning with 7..., Kt—Q 5, is the best for Black; but he would be well advised to avoid these varia- tions by the earlier 6..., B—K3 (col. 5), recommended first by Tarrasch and then by Alekhine. ‘The most promising continuation for the attack, however, is that which begins 4 P—B 3 (cols. 8 and 9), a favourite in Morphy's days and with that great master himself, and now again in favour with the experts. Col. 10 shows what appears to be Black’s strongest defence, ‘The Falkbeer Counter-Gambit, 2...,P—Q4 (cols. 11 to 20), had a strenuous advocate in Tarrasch, whose sensational victory with it over Spielmann in 1923 (see col. 11, note (5) caused the latter to write—prematurely, it is true—of the demolition of the King’s Gambit. Since our last edition White’s attack has been strengthened by the totally new variations in cols. 12 and 13, due to Keres, where White always obtains a clear superiority.KING'S GAMBIT DECLINED pr In addition, Keres and Stoltz have shown that the line jn col. 15, which had been considered unfavourable for White since the celebrated game Leonhardt—Marshall, San Sebastian, torr, is with best play as good as won for the first player. Since Black's other defences have long been refuted, some considerable improvements will have to be found before the Falkbeer Counter-Gambit can again be considered playable. ‘Attention may be drawn to the interesting line in col. 20, tatcoduced by P. S. Milner-Barry.102 KING'S GAMBIT DECLINED TPK POR a 2 PKB 4 BBs, SKK PQs: D3, KICK B 3: 3 B-By, Kt-B 31 6P-O3. 1 2 8 4 5 6 BOK KES esses 9 Kt 3 (a) PxP (d) Rasa? REQ KO: BB Kok 9 goed Pee Q"Kex! ger 0 Kg: Reg Rk: So-0 Rks. EBs Q-Ka PxP BxP koe ope bees boas pr 8:8) BRB ECR ROR BPxP PxB. Bets RB BK KxPQ) POKKty B-K? POKR3 BxB 4 BOKR6 BOKt; ROBr KtK2 KtxB Q-K2 POKRy PB} 0-0-0 Ki-kts isRB1 POB3 RxKt —KtxKt_ 0-0 o-oo «PCRS BRR || -BxKt. © Q-Kt3 WQ-Ktych Pxkt = BxBt() PBs Kt So" BS oR, Hike 17 BxR | RPxP POR st (i) QxKt QxPO PP) PLOBy= eal SAB LPIA 4! EUR, BBs MD Pe, Paty 12 Pa “o weiss G02) M Oxke teteg BOARS is deve Tengen Q—R 2: 19 KB. Te clon tom White's 18th move ley HB Oro Pon at, Kix Kteh; 1OPxKt DRA; 11G-K 20-95; 12P—BS, tar TF Pb, Geiss Bat Sse ies Woks Geet woos (9, oaggwed 8 O-KS, AOKI; 18P-K6,PxP4. Spaunn—Radored ony PAP BAP (£9 QP, KtGK 4: 10 B—Kt8, KER A; Roblostela spanned sSNA Wont ROR A a BPQHHE kbc behs WS KAGT, MWR alowed by Kec Ba iSwenohh H 16.4, QnO3: 17 KICKtS4., Or 18. Q-O51 17 BxPoha.. OF a fats GS “Tie Sabin fea iS BS ae a's ati 18, 0-0-0 and WAS OR KED, RRR 14 0B, Ox ibe ‘nie play Sot 18 RO wd about eau tn” O* 9 (0 abine-Hromae, Mab Osta, 123 (gol IOARRSEL NWR AS ATUL rete i OE ale iB oases ( Op-ps2,p—n1 edit eiss:KING'S GAMBIT DECLINED 103 1 PHK 4, PK 4; 2 PHKB4, BBy; 3 KK B3, P-Q3. ° 7 8 ° 10 A (SE-B Qe Ke Ba OP 9 (0 GEER By BBG PUY, sce. rece y 5B) BoKts@ PxP xP PxRP ets) RO RS BME BMRE 6p) PxP PQ Recht) PQ EGR BRP BRT PAY Eas TPXP PeO3@) PXP. Ba, BOB, BX BBO BRisen Re bGaay RERBS oy SBOKKts Boxes i Kea, Pos Soa ecoy BR EBM Ely, 9 Bxkt oe: KtxB BB PxP QxB Rt-Q5 88S Kt-B3 B—Ktsch() KOs B93, BO: P93 KK: oy Reh Re bee. ie nQ-os PQ: O00 oni SRR; ER, RSs SRY 2 KR-BI ono PORy KiB3 B-K3=@) QKt—Q2(¢) ‘Bx Kt= (m) outa baQ APP ratgs AM ate eToe pose CHS AE a RRR Rar eich: Laas Peery ny aia ar Rovel! fetaicie Sire: Cina BT AA OS, () SEB 4, BK Ks 5; 6PERS, Bt; 704B, Q-RSch(oe7. PAP; 9 Sb Ewa) SPINS! RETEST SGT, GURY, OBS Or oP {167 KexP, OO gives Blak a tong attack. 10 Od, ETRE Hib RE BRE! ERLE Reet Oe (19. Q-B2.2, Srieimaan—Van Scblngs, Amsterdam, 108 ennai Vavton, Tae esa to Bick Hh move te Spetmnen— cAMP w ESR LENT EBAY ahdaMst PATA: # en un Ddge SRR S PBS PaRIg? PAY Bom Se, 10 REP nas: kee 8) Bet We Bae, Poe BE We OO Pe 15 GORE Bowe Shcecy, mae, 10 ann PLR REE ERE RES yt Bag apa Kegs, RH key 12084. nes ati 1 Nps MARS ROK Ra tw Steer mh erga apes pe eigepnuges104 KING'S GAMBIT DECLINED FALKBEER COUNTER GAMBIT 1 PAK 4, PHK4; 2 PK Bs, P—Q4; 3 KPxP, PKS 3 P-G5 (ay nm 2 8 16 8 A REKB Sic (QHP see PXP 3 PXP. 2 KtQ21 (0) Q-K2 OxP KexkP BOKB,@].PKe KK Bs Kt Bs 6 Ke-KB3 PxP Kt-By KtoBs K B3 BoQBy KXKP KtxP() BoQKts BQBy® Ka KKt—B3() KtxP = BQ2 BUQ2 By (a) P—OQB3i[) KtxP — BxKt 8 Kt—B5!@) Kt-04 0 PK Kt3 BxB 0-0 QR? BORE) Keke; BoKts QKi—Q2 9 B-K3 Ka BHKta = PxP PAK Kts! BxB Kts B-Q3. | QxKP Keke 3 xB POB3 KtB3 QxQch = BUKta ext 0-0. 0-0 Kixg BOK Kts x QxQch -KtxKt O80 BP. Kt_B3 RxQ BxKe © KB; RoKtr | QKtxP we PXKt | PXB KOR: BK; POKR3 BP, RK: PBy Ke-0'B3 Kexkt BERQs BOK3 Kea! Boos xt Boks Ke-R3; Pops’ exe See my KtKts 9-02 KtXB BxKt BxB KER3 BxGgP PxKt = KBs) 9-03 35 PB BXKet (§) BXP£ —BxKtP+ Q-Kts tim) Body, KR—02 (Ales Vaan ag 1 Ri Bree Boden, air 9. (PFE x 020) 9 PaD ROK Ds WB oHD ROBT: MN RICKS colt “web EP AP eG B's, PRBS. Spieimdna— Teese, spp gers Re EARS PAP Dies es gern Pk chr edat hs dirk EE EAE er chen PR our ag ae Fe BU EGE THERE 00-0; ron oS eae Pike inact tence (De. vou Clpartdel. Seale BC.M, 1997, Kix Kt: 9 KexB, Ki—KS: 19 B84, BOB4; 1 KIS would eawiflfuie SHE a} anna advantage (Rare) Ta) Besa" Satetpondence 686. {y Srpiaiee PTEHTS" 83" 9 ga, 0-0; 9 v9, 1 BH Rising Vad, cmrelzendence 608. tla Rese vibes OSE! EME SCERE BoE Re vo Se PSS Siro eco? co Lh Reteriaaep RERERARS: yxeg ns; eae; oak,KING'S GAMBIT DECLINED 105 FALKBEER COUNTER GAMBIT 1 PK 4, PK4) 2 PKBy, PO4. 18 17 18 19 20 3 OP xP, oo eKIKB 3. -POQ 4. -s-Kt—-OB30) Bok BOBS OPaP PROS BSG 4BoKesch Ke-QBs) KexP xP KEK BOBS EPA? RG.) Rms SSeS SPxP) KeBs PQ4. PxP O53 Birr Rep} PxB’p, OP BOOS op Pa KixQP_ KtKBs PxP RY, Reet Reb, ROSS? BRB 7ECQBS KXxKt O-B; Q-Ksch 9-02 Boge? Ox’ $22 Se BY, sB-Q> BxP | BOK} Keb) KtUCKB3 BOR, Bkksa OOS? SONA, Bat oKKtKs Q-K2 KeBs BOO; PxB ST"? 8G CR, ORB Roe wo PXP | BXQ.-KLKS Ko: Ryo BER. BEY, mBxB 0-0. -BQ3. BOs OK RS ER, BO? Bkkew Sri 12QxQ. PoBy 00-04 Bxo Below Sh Pike PP: ORDA, Reo; 7 Po 08; 8 Koi 28) Wea o8d ie logne grits: eoghB-bich KS, nee Ook; A B-Ber Goda () 19 BxKs, PxB: M4 BoKts, PHBA, Anais by La Godsl, Wier sacbedbett SS. by be Goda Ningaviehs Variation, 68. PxPs, 40-85, KKB, 5 KL eh, a 1 Beetset, SesStlta Niche, gee SE ESS, of) SER ERTL ARICRSALALARSAMRE Oe 88 eens UE gare Pepe aE PRESSE RPE oe a SEE Wy teeta nr-rchnn, ne epee pe enmeatieaten et ke 5) Ken 3: "raptkontre® Graber, Gein Bs Biaaiie [ir hares Re pease eB Ey OER MREO LEM. ESE. (@) TertahoverCrunfels, Viens 1923. 1G) Miner Barnys Variation. Oy it OnonO; Mh OWES, O4OE IB BRIG, KORE; 19 Bet path Sy eC! NalSitiy A Riana ean, O57 2 Soa Capbades 1 H*O Ps (0) Baer Barry—Keres, Marzate,106 MAX LANGE ‘Tus exceedingly complicated offshoot of the Giuoco Piano, named after the great German analyst of the last century, offers the first player limitless possibilities of brilliant com- binations at the expense.of a Pawn. So difficult is Black’s game that no master was found willing to defend the position after Marshall’s games against Tarrasch in 1910 and Leonhardt in r911. But the well-known correspondence- player, M. Seibold, in the Deutsche Schachzeitung for 1935 advanced strong arguments against the soundness of White's attack. See col. 1, notes (¢) and (f). ‘The characteristic position after Black’s 7th move, shown in cols. 1 to 11, is generally reached by transposition from the Bishop's Opening, Centre Game, Scotch Gambit, or Two Knights’ Defence. In the most usual form of the opening (cols. r to 9), Black has the choice on his gth meve of two replies :— @ 9, Q-Q4 (cols. x to 6), which was considered to give Black the better game until the strength of Marshall's innovation, 15B—R6! (col. 1), was realised. After the usual moves, 10 Kt—O B 3, Q—B 4; 11 Q Kt—K 4, Black's position is certainly very difficult. A’ plausible sugges- tion for the defence is 11..., BKB (cols. 3 to 5), but analysis is in favour of the first player, who recovers his Pawn and retains a powerful attack, (i) 9... PAK Kt3 (cols. 7 to 9), suggested by R. J. Loman, but untenable against either- 10 Kt-Q2 or 1oQ-B3. It seems doubtiul whether Schlechter’s simplifying variation, based on 9 P xP, is satisfactory against the best defence (col. 10). ‘The variations based on §..., BxP (cols. 14 and 15) spring from the Giuoco Piano, and yield White an indifferent game, as he loses a Pawn with little compensation,MAX LANGE 107 PAK 4, PKs; 2 Kt-K Bg, Kt_QB3; 3 BHB4, BOBS 40-0, Keb 37's POY 6 PKs, PQ4: 7 PxKt, PxB; 8 RKrch, 0 ents, Robs BT in GREE, SAB® BBs 3 ‘ 5 a) 1 RRB BORK MOB Pleressesesssee POR RC BART SO EAR Oxbat PEK, KOXB) Keats & Soe * SSP Re, BQ uPxP | PxB) POR KGg Bx Bx? KR-Ktr BxP! Q-Q4(h) BxP BxP 15 B-R6! Q KtxB(s) RxBch KtB6ch PBs) RRO? RRO BBS RGR POD, RUBS Kobe PORKty KRMPA P—Q7@) QxKt Q-Bal) Q-O4 RxKt [9 WELK? ROB PRP KER! KOR 9 61) QxQ BxP K—Kt2 K—Ktr WORBIO RRQ KRs Kiedy Kees PRPORR. ssc Gah ROR: wR Poe) Ke-Rycht RK Ber roRt by Roe’ 20 PKs 3 Rewer kes? ek: Bony ar Reoktg! B92) BxoBP eo PHKt ¢ (mm) Dah EES BM At Pe Coe KiLRts, Ge ROT D, KER eT LORE Goes IO KE site ah aS abe ata) BB oe Reis tates ee ae Bhat @p at Ba? REAL Bit "4 RRS wrdly Bases Ronee ge Steg Ea GT AEGSRE Sig RANEY cg en Aah 1 ReKs, WRPeP, i eee aueregnntyTteeta PSs Uh kts pea salt EPA oe PNG nas. pny io Koga Newt Sacmarhe iS Rens pap; RxD. White has the soportant souare KB 5 for bis ast ites HE'S) dats108 MAX LANGE FPORG Pe) GRE By ROB): 5 BoB e BBE: + 40-0, KiB Soo PRP; 6 PKs, PoQ4: 7 PXKt PXB, 8 ROK rch, BAK 3) 10 seeeeePXE ROK er 4 BUKts (QB) * 9-04 00 BOKe nr QRtK gy QKi-K 4 RXB Bx Keg (6-0-0 fy PxR ORB! we PXP() | -KxQB PB7ch PB 3 (m) ROK Ker Pxke 0-628 13 POKKty KtxB PXP, QoKts * QxKt RXEtP 4 KXB | BORE KeB3 (m) Pxkt = Q-B4 -RxP 15 B-Kts QBS! Bx > RP P-K4 Rx! %6Q-B3 PLB? BXB RB3 KexBP R-QBr 93 xO ty KeB6ch PxQ KBr K-Q2 wRxXP+ POD. PXP TEByse hme Pans whee, Bs HOE gy deep ops i EM Tots: JaPaD aE: per cE WEL ED PS, REL (ten gente, ‘Budapest, 1696). 5 ae ae PME cue Panu 17934) etn m0 orca arate, ae. Dyers tec SCORED BPORariaE, Woe are RE SERIE A EGER ba WE slg ERS on Kd; 14 B—Kt7, KtxP; 15 0x! 16 BxR, LET isld ate PSs gor kt Rs}, Woe, i bare ioe ea, RAS ae ope eon ae me asrar ROP ARLUE SSR SiMe ness rae Nm Hig Kex?, ROI; 18 POBS, RxP; MH Q-R4, K—BAN+ (Em, oe) TR anata by Tatakover in Die Hpermoderne Sehechari aks MM RePer K-92: EBT ig RY esi Br KB; 180MAX LANGE, 109 1 POK 4 PK 4: 2 Kt By KtQB3: 3 BBy BBg 4 0-0, KB 3; 5 BO, a Fy 5 (PXE).. 6 (P—K5) KtxB Bo9F ee KtKKts KEXKe () 7 PXK9.....B-ORts PBs) P-B4() exp KS? B93” BOOS SPXP KtXP_PxPap(g) PXP ROKKtr BQ2@ BxP() ” PxP oB-Kts Kt-Kty(@R-Krch B-KKE PBs Keke ORR. OOK af wo ROKrch BOs) BURR; KtoR3....Ktony 3 EB: Rees) BSR Ee nKeKsch Bxkt | BOKts PB} Ketek Rake" Bs ROSS Eee? BN? weRxKe KtB3 KxXP KUxB PBs BSS SGY Biba, EAR, Rothe QRsa QR: BiKGat BxKe) Bei ORE Aas Px BxB 4 Q-Rech Rog? Rach xB eeese er es " 1s QuRPch ROxkP Kes Kt 2 (b) Q-B¢ (6) 2B eA RPGS SPREE DT ARI BIN, Bowe ie ose a ne 9-0) 9 Buk PB; 10 KexP, QRS; 11 BK, BKB; a2 Bite) BRS; Wd QBS Charbel a (@) 8 Dx Ki, PB; 10 BK (Uatoa—Lomen, Dresten, 189). (18 Kt—Kea, Ox KP; 17 OxQed, Ke Qs 18 RK, PD: od el RE Si2 8S eavedes by bis Lier 2: a ogee teach Bt eee PE ee ae Fa so fhtss DRRLEBPEL NTO MEER BO 1 se Hegy nA TERE GSRY AEE BOR LURES: HBB aS isaac: © a ae Tj emmomie 7 BARKGS, PERS: 8 BORG Oo obey cs rs PR Soo; eae a RED BER Fa REST I Ss 0 BB (10 KI-RS, QE trmyoses fata the estan),10 NIMZOVITCH’S ATTACK Or this opening, which he prefers to call the Queen's Indian Attack (on analogy with the Queen’s Indian Defence in the Queen’s Pawn Game), Hans Kmoch, in the book of the Kecskemét Tournament, 1927, gives the characteristic moves for White as Kt-KB3, P—QKt3, B—Kta, P—K3, Kt-K 5, P—KB4. It is hardly possible to limit the selection of the variations which follow strictly to those which exhibit this plan of campaign for White, owing to the fact that White always has an adversary with a large choice of moves! In fact, only once (in col. 6) have we found White's plan carried out in its entirety. Roughly, however, we have taken Kmoch's definition as a guide in choosing the illustrations of this ultra-modern ‘opening, which has been adopted after Nimzovitch’s death by some of the younger Russian players. It is obvious, that the opening moves t Kt—KB 3, 3 2P—QKt3 or 1 P—QKt3,0032 B—Kt 2,00 33 Kt-K B 3 are in no sense Nimzovitch’s copyright. We have only to refer to the Réti Opening and the Queen’s Fianchetto Opening (p. 87, col. 13); and for White’s general plan of campaign compare the well-known game Bird—Jan- owski, Hastings, 1895, in Bird’s Opening. In the defence Black must be careful not to give White absolute control of White’s K 5; he can do this. either by the fianchetto development of his King’s Bishop (cols. 1 and 4), oF by pinning White's King’s Knight (cols. 3, 5 and 8), or even by seizing the square by P—K B3 and P—K4 (col. 7).NIMZOVITCH’S ATTACK om 1 KtKB3, Kt-KB3; 2 POKt3 1 2 3 ‘ 5 2 PK Kts...P—04Q) 3BUKt: | BUKts BoRt: POR 3.....B-Kts....P-By 4P-B4 9 POK3U) PUB, POK3 POB} -QReQ2 PKS — Ke-B3.....BURts 5P-K3 P-By PK; BUKts B-Ka(i) 60° = B93 ORE Q2 ONES Kew; 6B-K: Kt-By BK? BxKtch 0-0 PR, «Oho? Ray Oke Sok, PO4 Q-B2 Kt P-Q3 a) Tee! $B} Bart BRE Pau SKixP RBI QxB_ © QKEQ2 BeKt2 Q-K2 BQ; BoxKtz OB-KB3 KtQ, PBy Q-Ka Kt-B3) BUR6{a 0-0 oo woKtB3 BxB 0-0 Ry QUei QxB | ROKr : mKtxKt PxP | QKt-B3 0-0 3 PxKt -KPxP@ Re-Ks) PoKts=() Q-B2 20-0 Kt-Rgt PxP PBs RQ 1 (0) BPxP=() BBS rican Citing 8 P03; 8 P—Kts, PKA; 4 PB, Boxs ( il OS ORLA TO, bt eae 9.5 wey Senge we ih: pte ee ea Pre a WE BREE! SBE, Spi i ooh p BIE4, BBS Be, PBs: 8 BOK, ere BIE) OMS Bopha! hong ey bak ee {ORO Goat, GR ARE E Leteie niente, toscow, ods. (0 Kesch ogres 9, RK, preparing or KIB (e Beter yas tx, ‘The eouan ie Nucsoit-—cGery, Bd, 181, {) Rabinoist-—fatier, Raman Chanpronthy, 1894 (Neva ree ts PERS, BoRt; # BoKiSem, QKWO2; 7 0-0, Pons, plkS, BOGS a. Hr Batcals Hi. P, Hetzerothrcoepentenes, 125 (@) Wes dtecig te Ouusta Gambit Desln, witht move band. JopeBtge 10 Kets wot be move commesdale Q. Ble Toe cotta B Vinee’ Bothis, Ronin, 1828 a Ds (a) For 4 PK KU so fhe Rel Opening.1m NIMZOVITCH’S ATTACK 6 7 8 ° 10 1 KK BS : LPLOKts FOG ie KBs 2 POKt Beta Booby... LKtLKB3 P—Be (m) 3 BKta PoK3.. Bots KKB Regn ECRES ORO: Kies 4 BK Bokts BAK; PK Kes@..0-B2 Keg: PRS PORS SBOKts(6 B-Kts P-KR3 P-By BKts Boge GOGH, BORE? Boo} BOR! 60-0 -BxKtch PQ3l@) KBs 0-0 fk; Oke BORED oes 08 2 QKt-O2 QB: KBxK TE Big PB} | BME? Big Repke SQKO2 Q-K: Q-K2 BK: Kinks 885°? SOE} Sobkes FLOR, OOK OKBXKt PB, PKty PoK4() Q-B3 BxB Kee BRS KixP BOR} wKtKs 0-0 Ke-K3 -KtxKt | PLQ3. RoBi BOKts | KexKe = PxKe | QRSQ1 PKB, RK1 BxKt xP, K-92 Kt-Q2) 0-0-0 -B-Q3() PoKy © Keo 2Q-Kty PK, KtOB3 B2 Q-R3 Rixkt) PxKPQ) Q-K2% 9-K29 POs nicopay 9 Roky Kona, ¢ nas SAPs Sard Gee his a : a Sian Sake png EoPaTD BAEEREAI LWP BBs LPNS 8s! ty Bn ro; 6 Pas emo tn aul B 02 aces iS pew 2-b0; R234, Stmrehtpinam, Yo Yt, 27 PERN Soneh Bat erate te te wi SUPA EU AESRAR EAP Bt an ita owe, OTS fw By O-0 tA 8 eters taka ie goee Sacer ain ee te, et AREEEL SE SSS, PREM EE E ers) Ba aloo bo 8 TR oS Scone” alae, o seal yonon gi? POSE Buy, PKS, Teehre Stan Kes woes PORES: 3 FMS, DoRta: 4 PoRDA P08, 3 Om: geil Ee ag ONO; SAHA Biles FRCRS BONS “oP, GRO} BDI: 14 PBs, KOS, Nunsowiet—vate, Kinlge,13 PETROFF’S DEFENCE ‘Tats variation of the King’s Knight’s Game, though often adopted in order to avoid having to defend the Ruy Lopez, has also been used by Marshall (following his countryman Pillsbury) as a weapon of counter-attack. It is generally held that the opening is slightly in White's favour; but no decisive advantage has been established by analysis. The variations commencing with 3 P—Q4 (cols, 1 and 2), recommended by Steinitz as White’s strongest continu- ation, may give rise to very complicated play on both sides. In the more usual form of the opening, after 3 KtxP, P—Q3:4Kt-KB 3, KtxP, White has the choice of three moves : (i) 5 Kt—B 3 (col. 3), leading to no more than an equal game with best play. (i) 5 Q—K2 (cols. 4 to 6), reintroduced by Lasker at St. Petersburg, 1914, by which White gains a slight positional advantage, which is, however, insufficient against careful defensive play. Gil) 5 P—Q4 (cols. 7 to 10), giving rise to brilliant attacking possibilities for Black, who is a move ahead in his development. Marshall’s favourite variation, best ifius- trated in col. 8, has been refuted by C. H. Alexander's very marked improvement in note (i) Early variations by White, 3 KtB 3 and 3 B—B 4, are not considered in this section, but under the Three Knights’ and Bishop's Openings.114 PETROFF’S DEFENCE 2 POKy, PK 4; 2 KtKB3, KKB. 3 ‘ 3 set? P23 KK B3 P. KEP SHOP geri Ka B-03@ Pog ia 60-0 PxPep. P35 oka KORE TPOQBY BOKtsi) BOs BUOKts KeQBI@ Ke—B3 ih) KBs QxOeh SPxP | Q-B3() BHKBy BxQ Reqp $2339 Boxy * BYRs oBxKt BKB, 0-0 Ky BxKE QQ -K2ch Q-Q2 BOOZ WOPB¢ BK 2 0-92 OO. ener ODO pops Bok; BBP Ole BRS EBS QKt-Q2 KR-Kr KROK1 BR Bay 8858" OSS* Rees’ Roe 29-93 0-0= Pog BB iy ° HR kr (m) B—B Le; (a), PO transposs lato Phidors Defence. 7 7 PAOBA, P—OBS; 8 ORES, Qk: geoG. He, Aleande Hanoy 198-04. Cootnd 18 Rox yer FEE ER SETS rughi ERat VOR ERE EER LP i EAE and? FR EEE SLES Rlis il PAF PR BEG 8 Pe, of LEA re, ghbe bok MICE POG. Oak 2s 10 Oxaed wld! Sok 4gh PORE © BeB, OxB; 10 QKQc, KEXQM. Konto () Bogen ad oters—Roranovsy and ote, Lemar 02 ea Deka, Tekexke Paley 8 OxP, OO: Da a wires Ra, MOO, ORa: eo Key ISPS wed a tsboas ikon, rolteions, tssse | 8% FOES (om) CartinerKend, mate, 19 $1 ai AS BELG RE 2 IR ZES 2 Rati Meats fade BNO) KRKL, QR; 1BABGKI-QIm, Mae—tashan, Now YorkPETROFF'S DEFENCE 115 1 PK4, Poe 4; 2 Kt KB; KtKB3; 3 KtxP, PQ. 4 KKB, exe, 6 1 8 * 10 5 (Q-K a). P94) (9K 2) P04 6 P23) B93 tice “8'B 3) BOO3. 7 BOKts) 0-0. Bo BAK? (8) PB4 0-0 J BOKesch K-OB; 3) OSO. IID SKB; KtB;: PBy@ QKtQ2 RK: QkeO2 Kixke 0-0°° Bxkech’ BORKtS 90-00 PxKt PxP_ -BxB PLB3 (mn) PORR3 BORKts(q PKB, O-0 PoBy wE-R, R-Ker KeB3() 0-0 = PB a(n) PoKkKey POOKts Keg?” Bokes Bxkt mBOKte3 PB, PUKR3(@) B-By PXB Ker, Pooh; BORy)” Kes Kips PQ, ROK Ktxkt | ROKs BxP Kees Kegs PxKe | KexQP() PXP 13 RPxKt PxP) 0 -BxP | BxKt = BLK PKs (a) PXP(@ Kt-B3(h) PxBU) 0-4 ee Dat wee eee eee cnetditebtt Se iy tacaoiaee, }-QB4; W9P-B4PUBP) 1: BHD, Poe 18 Tore site tanta ae A eveea maces cine eateeetater eee sunlPhck ifn halen QpOiald Rm tet by poll BEANE TER Hae ES o APR RL pete HL, Peta mW En; so OBetSE Bab ego oa Qhitte BRAG INE ANH Ett oping, My a oto SR EC SRS oe a oa: Smit peas Oar bingr 1 GOKS REDE BORE 49, Kase Plat ca, doom, lle EEE Ox. ERO a pufigigesde tite? Goa ec SR, Math ERAS fea pete meeee 4B, PnP: Dep PetiahegtoPh MOVE BSE BESS PKS: soe 8 ae Ss DGS EE EE ae Wodth GRRE OOH ORES, KORG 12 KB, capac0 PHILIDOR’S DEFENCE Tas old opening is an attempt to evade the stereotyped attacks in the King’s Knight's Opening without giving up the centre; but White by developing normally can assure himself of the freer game. Alekhine occasionally adopts the Defence. Nimzovitch’s modification of the Hanham Variation, followed by advance of the Queen-side Pawns, for some time seemed to give Black a playable game, but after preventing this advance by P—QR4 (col. x) the simple ‘exchange of centre Pawns at the right moment leaves Black with a cramped and lifeless game. The consensus of opinion concerning the difficult variation arising from 6KtK Kts, illustrated in col. 2, is that it is in Black’s favour. The mode of attack arising from 4B—QB4 is met most simply by the line of defence in col. 4, note (h). Of the tess commonly adopted lines of play, 3... QKt-Q2 (cols. 6 and 7), the Hanham Variation, leads to difficult positions, where Black must constantly be on guard against an early assault on his King; 3..., Px P (cols. 8 and 9) cedes the centre to the adversary prematurely; and 3 PK B 4 (col. 10) involves too great a weakening of Black’s defensive position on the King’s wing.PHILIDOR'S DEFENCE ny 2 PoK 4. PK 4; 2 KtKB3, POs. 1 2 3 . 5 3B Kes PXP (9 KEXP, ePOKKts Ktuxts 9-9 BOK? BoK3) Ree, VREKKES(@)BOKt2 KtxB | BAK Kes) ono Poo BKK Qe ty 7 BrP 0-0 Bxty Rebs RE £8, Bots Ke sPphy Kes Poke; Bxkl | Bodes REY GSR ERY Bx! Eoay, oBKty KXBP Boke: BaP oxkPeh See SP Ee Be getPs wER) Kee 2 BRP Ro Kon? Pipkesy GB2 BERe gen FOBS WBRy xP ORO: Reps. OK Ele, BE REDR, BOP, SORE. HQR-O119 KtxP BOR Ke 3, ® Oxke = ROR, Byiifa, POPE E 0 Px > BR; BEG FRERUALES EAR GGhs PP 8 FORK o-Ps (9 fandore gee} rae Pons SB Onna; 8g ae, ne Reet eemiereeress el AERA es ens Tome aac, ewe te sgteloRi Pati URED haat 1 RexP, QURAeh; 12 KEOBS, tx; 18 0-0, 0 nex he feared (p Tertakover—Kostich, TopliteSebtnas, 1992. Black's 19k move le d nas Wis BAB ay Roki Sete e RR oer ee ee Soe alee BY Tinea tee Shae to ge Lyrae Gambit & PP, ST GES, SLR WAAR BOARS SEE We: ippgcey—Bogsjobo, Bid 19us PHILIDOR'S DEFENCE 1 PK4, PK 4; 2 Kt_K Bs, P-Q3. a 10 PKB, -QxP KtBai) Reon; KtoxBS SBQR4 KBs Kto9Bs BOQKts EXMP BOK? Bok: BoO2) KtxP 6KtB3 0-0 B-K2() BxKt — KtxKt Kt-kb3; POKRs 0-0 BRB Pxkt 70-0 PxP o-0 Kt—B3() Keaxts PORR3 PXP KiB; KtB3) PHO4 SP-QKts Q-K2 KtxKt BK; POK6 @-82° GB. Pxkt PoKKts BBs oB-Kts BK; P-OKt3 KiQs KtxKP KEBi7@ POOR POs) BHKi2 BOK ro PxP, BKty PKs BKts Q-Rsch BRP Kath; Ker BxKt) | BORE: uKixP = PQR3 PB PXB SEs xt | Kesey PK By 0-0 = 2 Kt-Qs+(B-R2 BUK3+(i) O04 Kt-Kes + KEK 3 () (©) To tanhan Varbon Oo Ono rmansur, bt White bil etter game (oe spree dia GARE, Clete look Hd. $_Reat Ys paTE het boli te ink BART BO Be EOE MCR ROL SOD an el a KEKE Behe Shy We BERTIE, eg EA A BSE BES GEM EAR GRE Pega Bo me See tena 3; 8QxB, QxQ; 10Bx, PBS; 11B—KS, mtha (0 Se 0. hs Tomasi, Heh, 1989-4 {9 Ia ty abendenaent of te sete 2 adsl. TER Ph, nd NealninS? Rezo Toampaint, London, RMP sinks oo) SERS ES: (2) Lana Nisei, San Seana, 112 {0 Boxe un gon Rebs ting he bert. The em and noes are by Mlotkowski. ame wp crates, Kick ng: 60-0, 0-08; 7m, Rabid Spee eRe Seah eS RRR a aeRxey, EBS Ob gs Pe RS Thhcoms Bee119 PONZIANI’S OPENING ‘Tus Ponziani, or English Knight’s Opening, is scarcely satisfactory for White, Black being left with 2 variety of adequate replies. The move 3P—QB3 lies open to the twofold objection that it takes away the best square from White's Queen's Knight and that it leaves him behind in his development, so that Black can effectively adopt several strong sacrificial counter-attacks. The three customary replies are :— G) 3, P—Q4 (cols. 1 to 8), anticipating White's intention to form a centre, at once the commonest and the most natural continuation for the second player. After 4Q—R4 Black can advantageously offer one or more Pawns for the sake of rapid development (cols. t and 2). ‘The Steinitz Defence (cols. 3 to 5) is hardly sufficient, White obtaining too strong an attack after O—O—O, which is represented in cols. 3 and 4. Caro’s Defence (col. 6), recommended by the Larobok, has much to be said for it. (ii) 3..., PB 4 (cols. 9 and 10), a fighting defence, which gives Black a free hand at the cost of some insecurity of position, The Larobo#’s line against it (col. 9) was held to upset it; but the suggestions in notes (2), (J, and (m) make this at least doubtful. (iii) 3..., Kt—B 3 (cols. 11 to 15), a comparatively safe defence, less fertile of resource than 3..., P—Q4. White obtains a promising attack in the usual lines shown in cols. 1 and 12, Black may adopt the variation in col. 14 if he wishes to be certain of the draw.m0 PONZIANI'S OPENING PPK, PK4; 2 Kt-KB3s, Kt-QBs; 3 PB3, P-Q4i 4 O-Rd 1 2 3 .. 8 4 Kt—B 3 (a). P—B 3 (f) Sktgr Boke wy, Roa OKO BXP PAP BY BM BE DPLQ30) PAK PoQtresrrageageeeeesO—O OB Oot BB ta RS BO SEK) EK2 BOK3 PBy BOQ4 RCE OBE? Eta Be oBxXKt PQ, BxP | BK3 PxP Best BCBS ely Bene eTkey wo KeQ2@ B-Kes Kt-B3 KtQ2 KtB3 RGR? Pap’? Roaedan QG83 Koda QB: Rtgs BKK | PxB | BxKt Sox, Qe gtka, PxP | Q°KBy 0-0-0 QB, 0-0-0 BxP_ POs B59k, POORSm POR POR: ¥ PQs 0-0-0 BxBch 3 Rois SBL0 my LOT OxBim (@) Leontarde’s Defence (0) 78 -94,Pxb; $80 RG 802) OB 117, PBA; 10B—BE,PXP; 1 BREE, RSE GG Pe lanaitveh py R POH? RKGE; 6 Bek: GE9 PERS, CORE, BxB; 10 0-0, br193—K2.0—Kt4; 11 K-02, 0x7; 128-B4,Q-RE; 1900-0, wold PF Bene BAbe cerebpondence, 165° (e) Or6,.,Q—K2, The column le Rabinoriteh—Alakae, Moscow, 1918. () State's Detenee, a alidas VEGEREE Bigs ayo onrs woman, os: (0) Tegan Variation; compare ea. 5. (0,32, PBS; 19 B98.QxP: 14 KROK I JEBCK AOR: cn 6, ameat Her WEE BES cote eo omRE SRE Ji Beem Buby 18208, 0a Ps te Poke a, KOKI, RoR we Bt BARGE RGR ROLES toys FB Hasoader, A Bauer, Sabla (@) We Bx Kt, KexB; 18 KR—K1eb4. () 7, PHS) © BxKtsb, KewB; 9 R-K1, PBA: 10 PBA, Q-O15 ni 2ges. ae (m4 18, PQ KS: 18 ROKI+.PONZIANI'S OPENING mar 1 PK 4, PK 4; 2 KtXKB3, KtQB3; 3 PBs. 6 1 8 ° 10 : —B 4 () BKts B94) Sage PRE BBS SEXP RKP KtXP KPXP...PQ5 (0) KeR95 2-04 9-Q4 — BxPU)'PXP) 6Q-O1 KtxKt@ Q-R4¢ BOKts Kt-xes Rewkteh Pxike eM, pep? RICK? 7QxKt BB, PKB, KexP KtxKP Pika, Q-O$ PxPeplay BQ: KICK BS, 8PQ4@) 0-0 KexP (Bs) BxKte — BLQ3 PORS" BQ; PLQR3) PxB BRS 19 EOKi(@) BK2 0-0 Boxe PSOBIO ROBO Rk; Boas c Rake wP-OBe P93 0-0 — RKrch BxB POQKts 0-0 Bok.” OXB wP-QR3 PxP Qk. BxKe PORs QUKtsia PO4 Kt Qae KBs PKS KiB a+) KEOB3 | ROKI@) (@) Certs Defence. 14,008; SB—KE6,B-02; 6PXP,QxP; 70-0, (0) Tarakover sugests 8 BB 4, B08; 9 P—O8. 8 SOAS NSE ART ARS BBM th ORR TEBE (a) For 6 BKtS, aes os 2; 10 Ox 4. 19-84 PB: ORR, 2 NABYE,S 25; SF Tbttama Vora KEOKES; HEIR “hn teimve theta Bx Peds BBL KIRA; Me BHK ESD, Kee; 1S RPX Ke RP; RAR, anil BeBe 7 BoQ3: 8 Kee, Ka ar tes (ratiover ws aeae ees argh BSs AERIS LA ARE os Ber epee Cte Dae, BROREE RERUNS bee BREE 5 BG? eee BORG, 8 ehh AT Cit ae felis Pansat Cotatetatiac 6) HA PAP, OBS. Alternatives for Blas ace (1 we DTU Res RP dob SE (i) Bette 5 -, PP; © KIXE, KX; 7 QeKs, BeP; with KB to few? Tre) QB 8 w worth cosieratone (0) Lava 198, th 20m 12, gh MS RERGiad dene sg Pubemtuy ens BbxP, Oem EGRET ROG Pichi Ries Sy (o) $2, OKI; ORES eh, BQ or PBS alto good for Black, 90-0, K-B4; 10 PORE, B99; PAP: § PAP, P94; 0 KEP, PAK R9y 19 KR, em,12 PONZIANI'S OPENING 1 PKs, PK4; 2 Kt-KB3, Kt-9B3; 3 PBs, Kt-B3 4 P04. PQ 4.000 P23) ster ee LKtK2....B-B4 KixP PXKt() KtxP = PQs Ktnkes BxPea) BQ: Kt—OKtr ext KOK: PxP, e—Q 2 EXBa HS Re Kite 885 8 kext 3 Q-Ry BxBa PLKRe Re, B35 Seb, BkB* Eady 90-0) QBs QKLO2 QxKt — KtxKe SRD 53 BAS 8 Beet BENS, woPED4 PKR Keke Bog 6-0" * Q-K2ch PxKt Px Ke PBs Bs QxKP BxKP i Bo? Stk, 8. gle EK; KtQ2 B-Kts BB} 0-0-0 Q-K? 13 Kt-Q2+ 0-004 ROKr P0230) sched et ene te eee watt (ersten; 7iier, B84; #00, 0"0 9 9_BE x (seve, ASPET TUS GEER Eo Os sa ABRSD2 aE eR Soa nes Sankt ones: 9 xo SenBiE BP, 7 0-95 Bo woedl) TRA Taned By RETA &. 2th KixP,QuKteg, ge athis MLSS, SURG UGE BEETS A Me TBAT RARE eee es onc eee @ peg raes 2 Qnty hang PB U.K S lor PaPs 7PxP, BESKty exer, aoa, ames (b) Teeakover—Bogsysbo, 1928, Chit ERPTASTER ECR RPSR PT BEG ECR oR123 QUEEN’S GAMBIT Queen's Gaunrr Accerren, ‘Smvce in almost all variations of the Queen's Gambit Black sooner or later captures the gambit Pawn, many masters recommend the immediate capture on the 2nd move. This gives Black more freedom of action than the regular varia- tions of the Gambit Declined, but often exposes him to a powerful attack. After the moves 1 P—Q.4, P—Q4; 2P—QB4, PxP White must play 3Kt-KB3 to prevent the equalising PK 4. In the most regular variations (cols. 1 to 12) both sides proceed to develop as quickly as possible; Black concen- trates on the Queen’s side and White on the King’s. In cols. 1 to 4 White omits the development of his Queen's Knight in the hope of profiting from Black’s cramped King’s position, For a while this line enjoyed a considerable vogue, but master-practice has shown that the advance of his Pawn to B 5, as in col. 1, assures Black at least an even game. Consequently theory at present recommends the lines'in cols, 5 and 6 where White exchanges at QB 5 and thereby obtains a terrific lead in development. ‘In col. 7 White exchanges Pawns at an earlier stage and his position still remains preferable. The best line for Black is shown in col. 8. Here the second player postpones the development of his Queen’s Knight and King's Bishop, thereby avoiding the loss of time of the other columns. It is not advisable for White to prevent Black’s QKt 4 (col. 9). In col. 10 White exchanges Pawns too early. Cols. 11 and 12 show the variations where Black isolates White’s Queen's Pawn. This gives rise to positions where White generally obtains a powerful attack,124 QUEEN’S GAMBIT Bogoljubott’s 4Q—R4ch (cols. 13 to 16) may be recommended for those who wish to avoid the drawing possibilities of the earlier columns, for it is not easy to see how Black can obtain complete equality against this Tine. In cols. 17 to 19 are shown some unusual 3rd moves for Black. Col. 17 has been played and recommended by Alekhine, but is nevertheless not quite sufficient. In col. 20 White tries the Bogoljuboft Variation (Q—R 4 ch) on his 3rd move with good results. Queex’s Gaxwrr Decuixen, ‘This, together with the Queen's Pawn Game, is the typical form of the close game, The majority of modern Players use one of these two openings and prefer them to any other. A study of the chess magazines and columns all over the world easily proves this. In the Orthodox Defence (cols. 1 to 85), Black must content himself with a very cramped game, but avoids the organic weaknesses which the other defences involve. In ‘the main variation White has three main lines on his 7th move :—(i) 7 RB x (cols. 1 to 20); (ii) 7 Q—B 2 (cols. 2 to 28); (iil) 7 B—Q 3 (cols. 30 to 33). () 7 RB x has been analysed almost to exhaustion and the trend now is away from this line. In the main varia- tion (cols. 1 to 7), where Black adopts Capablanca’s freeing manceuvre, beginning with 8..., P x P, theory at present can suggest mo continuation for White which avoids easy ‘equality. Perhaps the line in col. 5 (13 B—Kt 3), which has attracted a good deal of attention of late, may be the solution. Alekthine’s attack by 11 Kt—K 4 (cols. 6 and 7) has also been shorn of its terrors. In cols, 8 and 9 Black attempts a more enterprising defensive manoeuvre, postponing early ex- changes. With best play White can maintain a slight pull. In col. 10 White avoids the exchange of pieces.QUEEN'S GAMBIT 15 ‘The older continuation against the Orthodox Defence, 8Q—Ba, is shown in cols, 11 to 15. This line has prac tically disappeared from master-practice because of the strength of the reply 8&.., Kt-K5. In general, if Black can play Kt—K 5 with impunity he has solved his opening difficulties. ‘The Queen's Fianchetto defence for Black (cols. 18 to 20), which was popular when Pillsbury introduced White's attack about 40 years ago, is now a rarity, for White's position remains clearly superior. (ii) 7 Q-Ba2 (cols. 21 to 28) is favoured by many of the younger players, particularly Flohr, Reshevsky, and Lilienthal. Against the best reply 7.... P—B 4 White can ther maintain the tension with RQ x (col. 21), when it is difficult for Black to find a good square for his Queen and Queen’s Bishop, or play to give Black an isolated Pawn (cols. 23 and 24). White's slight superiority is a dangerous weapon in the hands of Flohr; Black can, however, avoid the isolated Pawn by the line given in col. 25. Col. 26, where the second player attempts to maintain both Pawns in the centre, is unfavourable for him. Alternatives to 7P—B4 are unsatisfactory (cols. 27 and 28). (i) 7 B—Q3 (cols. 30 to 33) is played occasionally, but should occasion Black no anxiety. ‘The Cambridge Springs Defence (cols. 36 to 50) has seen a number of innovations for both sides since our last edition. After Black’s 6th move the main variations for White are: 7Kt—Q2, 7BxKt, and 7PxP. 7Kt—Q2 (cols. 36 to 43) is the older line. Both the counter-attack Joy Bo-Kt § and the immediate exchange 7... PxP are sufficient for equality. 7 Bx Kt (col. 44) likewise occasions Black no difficulties. 7 Px P (cols. 43 to 50) is the modern line. Black must recapture with the Kt on Q4, when the position generally becomes very complicated. On his 8th move White then has the choice of 8Q—Kt 3 (cols. 45 to126 QUEEN’S GAMBIT Ll 47) and 8Q—Q2 (cols. 48 and 49). Q—Ktg is the stronger of the two and, in conjunction with Landau’s B—QB4 (col. 47), leaves White a very slight positional advantage. Variations where White attempts to avoid the Cam- bridge Springs Defence are shown in cols. 51 to 54. If Black attempts Q—R 4 at all costs he will remain with the inferior position; he can, however, develop normally and transpose into orthodox variations. The Manhattan Variation (cols. 55 to 59) has not been played much since our last edition. It is occasionally tried by the more enterprising of the masters, but is theoretically inadequate. The Exchange Variation (cols. 60 to 65) is one of the strongest weapons at White's disposal, since Black can no Jonger play Capablanca’s freeing manoeuvre. White can develop his King’s Knight either at K 2 (cols. 60 and 61), when he should Castle on the Queen’s wing and play for a King-side attack, or at B 3, when Castling on the Queen's wing is unfavourable for him. {n the latter case he can Castle on the King’s side (col. 63) and proceed with the minority-attack on the other wing, an attack which most experts prefer to avoid with Black. It is advisable for Black to defer Castling until White's intentions are clear (col. 64). To prevent the minority-attack the second player can recapture with BP at Q4, but this has dis- advantages (col. 65). Lasker's Defence (cols. 66 to 69) is by far the simplest method for Black to draw. The immediate excursion 5. Kt—X 5 is unfavourable (col. 67), but deferred for one or ‘two moves practically forces a level ending. Tartakover’s line, shown in col. 70, is unfavourable for Black. The development of White's Queen's Bishop at KB4 instead of Kt 5 has only the element of variety to recommend it, In the line where White plays both Knights out before