Manual de Instalación y Configuración FCD-E1L PDF

INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL
FCD-E1L
Managed E1 or Fractional E1 Access Unit
Version 2.0
The Access Company
FCD-E1L
Managed E1 or Fractional E1 Access Unit
Version 2.0
Installation and Operation Manual
Notice
This manual contains information that is proprietary to RAD Data Communications Ltd. ("RAD"). No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without prior written approval by RAD Data Communications. Right, title and interest, all information, copyrights, patents, know-how, trade secrets and other intellectual property or other proprietary rights relating to this manual and to the FCD-E1L and any software components contained therein are proprietary products of RAD protected under international copyright law and shall be and remain solely with RAD. FCD-E1L is a registered trademark of RAD. No right, license, or interest to such trademark is granted hereunder, and you agree that no such right, license, or interest shall be asserted by you with respect to such trademark. You shall not copy, reverse compile or reverse assemble all or any portion of the Manual or the FCD-E1L. You are prohibited from, and shall not, directly or indirectly, develop, market, distribute, license, or sell any product that supports substantially similar functionality as the FCD-E1L, based on or derived in any way from the FCD-E1L. Your undertaking in this paragraph shall survive the termination of this Agreement. This Agreement is effective upon your opening of the FCD-E1L package and shall continue until terminated. RAD may terminate this Agreement upon the breach by you of any term hereof. Upon such termination by RAD, you agree to return to RAD the FCD-E1L and all copies and portions thereof. For further information contact RAD at the address below or contact your local distributor.
International Headquarters RAD Data Communications Ltd. 24 Raoul Wallenberg Street Tel Aviv 69719, Israel Tel: 972-3-6458181 Fax: 972-3-6498250, 6474436 E-mail: market@rad.com
North America Headquarters RAD Data Communications Inc. 900 Corporate Drive Mahwah, NJ 07430, USA Tel: (201) 5291100, Toll free: 1-800-4447234 Fax: (201) 5295777 E-mail: market@radusa.com
19912007 RAD Data Communications Ltd.
Publication No. 165-200-11/07
Limited Warranty
RAD warrants to DISTRIBUTOR that the hardware in the FCD-E1L to be delivered hereunder shall be free of defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service for a period of twelve (12) months following the date of shipment to DISTRIBUTOR. If, during the warranty period, any component part of the equipment becomes defective by reason of material or workmanship, and DISTRIBUTOR immediately notifies RAD of such defect, RAD shall have the option to choose the appropriate corrective action: a) supply a replacement part, or b) request return of equipment to its plant for repair, or c) perform necessary repair at the equipment's location. In the event that RAD requests the return of equipment, each party shall pay one-way shipping costs. RAD shall be released from all obligations under its warranty in the event that the equipment has been subjected to misuse, neglect, accident or improper installation, or if repairs or modifications were made by persons other than RAD's own authorized service personnel, unless such repairs by others were made with the written consent of RAD. The above warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, expressed or implied. There are no warranties which extend beyond the face hereof, including, but not limited to, warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, and in no event shall RAD be liable for consequential damages. RAD shall not be liable to any person for any special or indirect damages, including, but not limited to, lost profits from any cause whatsoever arising from or in any way connected with the manufacture, sale, handling, repair, maintenance or use of the FCD-E1L, and in no event shall RAD's liability exceed the purchase price of the FCD-E1L. DISTRIBUTOR shall be responsible to its customers for any and all warranties which it makes relating to FCD-E1L and for ensuring that replacements and other adjustments required in connection with the said warranties are satisfactory. Software components in the FCD-E1L are provided "as is" and without warranty of any kind. RAD disclaims all warranties including the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. RAD shall not be liable for any loss of use, interruption of business or indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages of any kind. In spite of the above RAD shall do its best to provide error-free software products and shall offer free Software updates during the warranty period under this Agreement. RAD's cumulative liability to you or any other party for any loss or damages resulting from any claims, demands, or actions arising out of or relating to this Agreement and the FCD-E1L shall not exceed the sum paid to RAD for the purchase of the FCD-E1L. In no event shall RAD be liable for any indirect, incidental, consequential, special, or exemplary damages or lost profits, even if RAD has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This Agreement shall be construed and governed in accordance with the laws of the State of Israel.
Product Disposal
To facilitate the reuse, recycling and other forms of recovery of waste equipment in protecting the environment, the owner of this RAD product is required to refrain from disposing of this product as unsorted municipal waste at the end of its life cycle. Upon termination of the units use, customers should provide for its collection for reuse, recycling or other form of environmentally conscientious disposal.
General Safety Instructions

The following instructions serve as a general guide for the safe installation and operation of telecommunications products. Additional instructions, if applicable, are included inside the manual.
Safety Symbols
This symbol may appear on the equipment or in the text. It indicates potential safety hazards regarding product operation or maintenance to operator or service personnel.
Warning
Danger of electric shock! Avoid any contact with the marked surface while the product is energized or connected to outdoor telecommunication lines.
Protective ground: the marked lug or terminal should be connected to the building protective ground bus.
Warning
Some products may be equipped with a laser diode. In such cases, a label with the laser class and other warnings as applicable will be attached near the optical transmitter. The laser warning symbol may be also attached. Please observe the following precautions: Before turning on the equipment, make sure that the fiber optic cable is intact and is connected to the transmitter. Do not attempt to adjust the laser drive current. Do not use broken or unterminated fiber-optic cables/connectors or look straight at the laser beam. The use of optical devices with the equipment will increase eye hazard.
Use of controls, adjustments or performing procedures other than those specified herein, may result in hazardous radiation exposure. ATTENTION: The laser beam may be invisible! In some cases, the users may insert their own SFP laser transceivers into the product. Users are alerted that RAD cannot be held responsible for any damage that may result if non-compliant transceivers are used. In particular, users are warned to use only agency approved products that comply with the local laser safety regulations for Class 1 laser products. Always observe standard safety precautions during installation, operation and maintenance of this product. Only qualified and authorized service personnel should carry out adjustment, maintenance or repairs to this product. No installation, adjustment, maintenance or repairs should be performed by either the operator or the user.
Handling Energized Products

General Safety Practices
Do not touch or tamper with the power supply when the power cord is connected. Line voltages may be present inside certain products even when the power switch (if installed) is in the OFF position or a fuse is blown. For DC-powered products, although the voltages levels are usually not hazardous, energy hazards may still exist. Before working on equipment connected to power lines or telecommunication lines, remove jewelry or any other metallic object that may come into contact with energized parts. Unless otherwise specified, all products are intended to be grounded during normal use. Grounding is provided by connecting the mains plug to a wall socket with a protective ground terminal. If a ground lug is provided on the product, it should be connected to the protective ground at all times, by a wire with a diameter of 18 AWG or wider. Rack-mounted equipment should be mounted only in grounded racks and cabinets. Always make the ground connection first and disconnect it last. Do not connect telecommunication cables to ungrounded equipment. Make sure that all other cables are disconnected before disconnecting the ground.
Connecting AC Mains
Make sure that the electrical installation complies with local codes. Always connect the AC plug to a wall socket with a protective ground. The maximum permissible current capability of the branch distribution circuit that supplies power to the product is 16A. The circuit breaker in the building installation should have high breaking capacity and must operate at short-circuit current exceeding 35A. Always connect the power cord first to the equipment and then to the wall socket. If a power switch is provided in the equipment, set it to the OFF position. If the power cord cannot be readily disconnected in case of emergency, make sure that a readily accessible circuit breaker or emergency switch is installed in the building installation. In cases when the power distribution system is IT type, the switch must disconnect both poles simultaneously.
Connecting DC Power
Unless otherwise specified in the manual, the DC input to the equipment is floating in reference to the ground. Any single pole can be externally grounded. Due to the high current capability of DC power systems, care should be taken when connecting the DC supply to avoid short-circuits and fire hazards. DC units should be installed in a restricted access area, i.e. an area where access is authorized only to qualified service and maintenance personnel. Make sure that the DC power supply is electrically isolated from any AC source and that the installation complies with the local codes. The maximum permissible current capability of the branch distribution circuit that supplies power to the product is 16A. The circuit breaker in the building installation should have high breaking capacity and must operate at short-circuit current exceeding 35A.
Before connecting the DC supply wires, ensure that power is removed from the DC circuit. Locate the circuit breaker of the panel board that services the equipment and switch it to the OFF position. When connecting the DC supply wires, first connect the ground wire to the corresponding terminal, then the positive pole and last the negative pole. Switch the circuit breaker back to the ON position. A readily accessible disconnect device that is suitably rated and approved should be incorporated in the building installation. If the DC power supply is floating, the switch must disconnect both poles simultaneously.
Connecting Data and Telecommunications Cables

Data and telecommunication interfaces are classified according to their safety status. The following table lists the status of several standard interfaces. If the status of a given port differs from the standard one, a notice will be given in the manual.
Ports V.11, V.28, V.35, V.36, RS-530, X.21, 10 BaseT, 100 BaseT, Unbalanced E1, E2, E3, STM, DS-2, DS-3, S-Interface ISDN, Analog voice E&M xDSL (without feeding voltage), Balanced E1, T1, Sub E1/T1
Safety Status SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage: Ports which do not present a safety hazard. Usually up to 30 VAC or 60 VDC.
TNV-1 Telecommunication Network Voltage-1: Ports whose normal operating voltage is within the limits of SELV, on which overvoltages from telecommunications networks are possible. TNV-2 Telecommunication Network Voltage-2: Ports whose normal operating voltage exceeds the limits of SELV (usually up to 120 VDC or telephone ringing voltages), on which overvoltages from telecommunication networks are not possible. These ports are not permitted to be directly connected to external telephone and data lines. TNV-3 Telecommunication Network Voltage-3: Ports whose normal operating voltage exceeds the limits of SELV (usually up to 120 VDC or telephone ringing voltages), on which overvoltages from telecommunication networks are possible.
FXS (Foreign Exchange Subscriber)
FXO (Foreign Exchange Office), xDSL (with feeding voltage), U-Interface ISDN
Always connect a given port to a port of the same safety status. If in doubt, seek the assistance of a qualified safety engineer. Always make sure that the equipment is grounded before connecting telecommunication cables. Do not disconnect the ground connection before disconnecting all telecommunications cables. Some SELV and non-SELV circuits use the same connectors. Use caution when connecting cables. Extra caution should be exercised during thunderstorms. When using shielded or coaxial cables, verify that there is a good ground connection at both ends. The grounding and bonding of the ground connections should comply with the local codes. The telecommunication wiring in the building may be damaged or present a fire hazard in case of contact between exposed external wires and the AC power lines. In order to reduce the risk,
there are restrictions on the diameter of wires in the telecom cables, between the equipment and the mating connectors.
Caution
To reduce the risk of fire, use only No. 26 AWG or larger telecommunication line cords.
Attention
Pour rduire les risques sincendie, utiliser seulement des conducteurs de tlcommunications 26 AWG ou de section suprieure.
Some ports are suitable for connection to intra-building or non-exposed wiring or cabling only. In such cases, a notice will be given in the installation instructions. Do not attempt to tamper with any carrier-provided equipment or connection hardware.
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

The equipment is designed and approved to comply with the electromagnetic regulations of major regulatory bodies. The following instructions may enhance the performance of the equipment and will provide better protection against excessive emission and better immunity against disturbances. A good ground connection is essential. When installing the equipment in a rack, make sure to remove all traces of paint from the mounting points. Use suitable lock-washers and torque. If an external grounding lug is provided, connect it to the ground bus using braided wire as short as possible. The equipment is designed to comply with EMC requirements when connecting it with unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cables. However, the use of shielded wires is always recommended, especially for high-rate data. In some cases, when unshielded wires are used, ferrite cores should be installed on certain cables. In such cases, special instructions are provided in the manual. Disconnect all wires which are not in permanent use, such as cables used for one-time configuration. The compliance of the equipment with the regulations for conducted emission on the data lines is dependent on the cable quality. The emission is tested for UTP with 80 dB longitudinal conversion loss (LCL). Unless otherwise specified or described in the manual, TNV-1 and TNV-3 ports provide secondary protection against surges on the data lines. Primary protectors should be provided in the building installation. The equipment is designed to provide adequate protection against electro-static discharge (ESD). However, it is good working practice to use caution when connecting cables terminated with plastic connectors (without a grounded metal hood, such as flat cables) to sensitive data lines. Before connecting such cables, discharge yourself by touching ground or wear an ESD preventive wrist strap.
FCC-15 User Information

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits of the Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the Installation and Operation manual, may cause harmful interference to the radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
Canadian Emission Requirements

This Class A digital apparatus meets all the requirements of the Canadian Interference-Causing Equipment Regulation. Cet appareil numrique de la classe A respecte toutes les exigences du Rglement sur le matriel brouilleur du Canada.
Warning per EN 55022 (CISPR-22)

Warning
This is a class A product. In a domestic environment, this product may cause radio interference, in which case the user will be required to take adequate measures. Cet appareil est un appareil de Classe A. Dans un environnement rsidentiel, cet appareil peut provoquer des brouillages radiolectriques. Dans ces cas, il peut tre demand lutilisateur de prendre les mesures appropries. Das vorliegende Gert fllt unter die Funkstrgrenzwertklasse A. In Wohngebieten knnen beim Betrieb dieses Gertes Rundfunkstrrungen auftreten, fr deren Behebung der Benutzer verantwortlich ist.
Avertissement
Achtung
Mise au rebut du produit

Afin de faciliter la rutilisation, le recyclage ainsi que d'autres formes de rcupration d'quipement mis au rebut dans le cadre de la protection de l'environnement, il est demand au propritaire de ce produit RAD de ne pas mettre ce dernier au rebut en tant que dchet municipal non tri, une fois que le produit est arriv en fin de cycle de vie. Le client devrait proposer des solutions de rutilisation, de recyclage ou toute autre forme de mise au rebut de cette unit dans un esprit de protection de l'environnement, lorsqu'il aura fini de l'utiliser.
Franais
Avertissement
Instructions gnrales de scurit

Les instructions suivantes servent de guide gnral d'installation et d'opration scurises des produits de tlcommunications. Des instructions supplmentaires sont ventuellement indiques dans le manuel.
Symboles de scurit
Ce symbole peut apparaitre sur l'quipement ou dans le texte. Il indique des risques potentiels de scurit pour l'oprateur ou le personnel de service, quant l'opration du produit ou sa maintenance.
Danger de choc lectrique ! Evitez tout contact avec la surface marque tant que le produit est sous tension ou connect des lignes externes de tlcommunications.
Mise la terre de protection : la cosse ou la borne marque devrait tre connecte la prise de terre de protection du btiment.
Avant la mise en marche de l'quipement, assurez-vous que le cble de fibre optique est intact et qu'il est connect au transmetteur. Ne tentez pas d'ajuster le courant de la commande laser. N'utilisez pas des cbles ou connecteurs de fibre optique casss ou sans terminaison et n'observez pas directement un rayon laser. L'usage de priphriques optiques avec l'quipement augmentera le risque pour les yeux.
L'usage de contrles, ajustages ou procdures autres que celles spcifies ici pourrait rsulter en une dangereuse exposition aux radiations. ATTENTION : Le rayon laser peut tre invisible !
Les utilisateurs pourront, dans certains cas, insrer leurs propres metteurs-rcepteurs Laser SFP dans le produit. Les utilisateurs sont avertis que RAD ne pourra pas tre tenue responsable de tout dommage pouvant rsulter de l'utilisation d'metteurs-rcepteurs non conformes. Plus particulirement, les utilisateurs sont avertis de n'utiliser que des produits approuvs par l'agence et conformes la rglementation locale de scurit laser pour les produits laser de classe 1. Respectez toujours les prcautions standards de scurit durant l'installation, l'opration et la maintenance de ce produit. Seul le personnel de service qualifi et autoris devrait effectuer l'ajustage, la maintenance ou les rparations de ce produit. Aucune opration d'installation, d'ajustage, de maintenance ou de rparation ne devrait tre effectue par l'oprateur ou l'utilisateur.
Manipuler des produits sous tension

Rgles gnrales de scurit
Ne pas toucher ou altrer l'alimentation en courant lorsque le cble d'alimentation est branch. Des tensions de lignes peuvent tre prsentes dans certains produits, mme lorsque le commutateur (s'il est install) est en position OFF ou si le fusible est rompu. Pour les produits aliments par CC, les niveaux de tension ne sont gnralement pas dangereux mais des risques de courant peuvent toujours exister. Avant de travailler sur un quipement connect aux lignes de tension ou de tlcommunications, retirez vos bijoux ou tout autre objet mtallique pouvant venir en contact avec les pices sous tension. Sauf s'il en est autrement indiqu, tous les produits sont destins tre mis la terre durant l'usage normal. La mise la terre est fournie par la connexion de la fiche principale une prise murale quipe d'une borne protectrice de mise la terre. Si une cosse de mise la terre est fournie avec le produit, elle devrait tre connecte tout moment une mise la terre de protection par un conducteur de diamtre 18 AWG ou plus. L'quipement mont en chssis ne devrait tre mont que sur des chssis et dans des armoires mises la terre. Branchez toujours la mise la terre en premier et dbranchez-la en dernier. Ne branchez pas des cbles de tlcommunications un quipement qui n'est pas mis la terre. Assurez-vous que tous les autres cbles sont dbranchs avant de dconnecter la mise la terre.
Franais
Certains produits peuvent tre quips d'une diode laser. Dans de tels cas, une tiquette indiquant la classe laser ainsi que d'autres avertissements, le cas chant, sera jointe prs du transmetteur optique. Le symbole d'avertissement laser peut aussi tre joint. Avertissement Veuillez observer les prcautions suivantes :
Connexion au courant du secteur

Assurez-vous que l'installation lectrique est conforme la rglementation locale. Branchez toujours la fiche de secteur une prise murale quipe d'une borne protectrice de mise la terre. La capacit maximale permissible en courant du circuit de distribution de la connexion alimentant le produit est de 16A. Le coupe-circuit dans l'installation du btiment devrait avoir une capacit leve de rupture et devrait fonctionner sur courant de court-circuit dpassant 35A. Branchez toujours le cble d'alimentation en premier l'quipement puis la prise murale. Si un commutateur est fourni avec l'quipement, fixez-le en position OFF. Si le cble d'alimentation ne peut pas tre facilement dbranch en cas d'urgence, assurez-vous qu'un coupe-circuit ou un disjoncteur d'urgence facilement accessible est install dans l'installation du btiment. Le disjoncteur devrait dconnecter simultanment les deux ples si le systme de distribution de courant est de type IT.
Franais
Connexion d'alimentation CC
Sauf s'il en est autrement spcifi dans le manuel, l'entre CC de l'quipement est flottante par rapport la mise la terre. Tout ple doit tre mis la terre en externe. A cause de la capacit de courant des systmes alimentation CC, des prcautions devraient tre prises lors de la connexion de l'alimentation CC pour viter des courts-circuits et des risques d'incendie. Les units CC devraient tre installes dans une zone accs restreint, une zone o l'accs n'est autoris qu'au personnel qualifi de service et de maintenance. Assurez-vous que l'alimentation CC est isole de toute source de courant CA (secteur) et que l'installation est conforme la rglementation locale. La capacit maximale permissible en courant du circuit de distribution de la connexion alimentant le produit est de 16A. Le coupe-circuit dans l'installation du btiment devrait avoir une capacit leve de rupture et devrait fonctionner sur courant de court-circuit dpassant 35A. Avant la connexion des cbles d'alimentation en courant CC, assurez-vous que le circuit CC n'est pas sous tension. Localisez le coupe-circuit dans le tableau desservant l'quipement et fixez-le en position OFF. Lors de la connexion de cbles d'alimentation CC, connectez d'abord le conducteur de mise la terre la borne correspondante, puis le ple positif et en dernier, le ple ngatif. Remettez le coupe-circuit en position ON. Un disjoncteur facilement accessible, adapt et approuv devrait tre intgr l'installation du btiment. Le disjoncteur devrait dconnecter simultanment les deux ples si l'alimentation en courant CC est flottante.
Declaration of Conformity
Manufacturer's Name: Manufacturer's Address: declares that the product: Product Name:
RAD Data Communications Ltd. 24 Raoul Wallenberg St., Tel Aviv 69719, Israel
FCD-E1L
conforms to the following standard(s) or other normative document(s): EMC: EN 55022:1998 Information technology equipment Radio disturbance characteristics Limits and methods of measurement. Information technology equipment Immunity characteristics Limits and methods of measurement. Safety of information technology equipment.
EN 50024: 1998
Safety:
EN 60950: 2000
Supplementary Information: The product herewith complies with the requirements of the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC, the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC and the R&TTE Directive 99/5/EC for wired equipment. The product was tested in a typical configuration. Tel Aviv, 18 September 2002
th
Haim Karshen VP Quality
European Contact: RAD Data Ottobrunn-Riemerling, Germany
Communications
GmbH,
Otto-Hahn-Str.
28-30,
85521
Quick Start Guide

If you are familiar with the FCD-E1L, use this guide to prepare it for operation. For the IP router version, refer to Appendix H.
1.
Preliminary Preparations
1. To make internal settings, open the small lid on the FCD-E1L bottom panel. 2. Set the password options and select the source of the database configuration and supervisory port parameters with the DIP switch S1. 3. If you want the E1 learning to be triggered by the front panel AUTO CONFIGURATION button, set the idle code with the DIP switch S2. 4. Connect the E1 link. 5. Connect the data ports. 6. Connect the FCD-E1L to power. 7. Connect the communication port of a PC running a terminal emulation program to the CONTROL-DCE connector of the FCD-E1L (use a straight cable). Configure the PC for 9600 bps, eight data bits, no parity, one stop bit and no flow control. 8. Press the <Enter> key several times in sequence: you should see the FCD-E1L prompt. If you see PASSWORD>, type RAD and then press <Enter> to obtain the prompt.
2.
Configuration Procedure
Perform the following actions in the order given below.

Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 Action Reset the database to the default parameters Define terminal control codes Define control port configuration Set FCD-E1L system time and date Define system characteristics Configure the main link Use the Command INIT DB DEF TERM DEF SP DEF CALL TIME DATE DEF SYS DEF ML Configuration Procedure 1
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Quick Start Guide
Step 7 8
Action Configure the data channels Define the general system parameters
Use the Command DEF CH 1, DEF CH 2 DEF DEF DEF DEF DEF NAME NODE PWD AGENT MANAGER LIST
Define the alarm handling parameters
DEF AR DEF ALM MASK
FCD-E1L is now ready for operation.
Configuration Procedure
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Contents
Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1 Overview....................................................................................................................1-1 Product Options......................................................................................................1-1 Application .............................................................................................................1-2 Features .................................................................................................................1-2 Timing Considerations.............................................................................................1-5 Timing ....................................................................................................................1-7 Management ..........................................................................................................1-8 Physical Description .................................................................................................1-11 Functional Description..............................................................................................1-12 Functional Block Diagram ......................................................................................1-12 Bus Functions .......................................................................................................1-12 Main Link Interface ...............................................................................................1-14 Synchronous Data Channels ..................................................................................1-15 Asynchronous Data Channel RS-232/V.24 .............................................................1-16 Ethernet Interface ................................................................................................1-16 Management Subsystem .......................................................................................1-16 Power Supply Subsystem ......................................................................................1-17 Technical Specifications............................................................................................1-17
1.2 1.3
1.4
Chapter 2. Installation and Setup 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Introduction...............................................................................................................2-1 Site Requirements & Prerequisites .............................................................................2-1 Package Contents ......................................................................................................2-2 Setting the Internal Jumpers and Switches..................................................................2-2 Introduction............................................................................................................2-2 Setting DIP Switches S1 and S2...............................................................................2-4 Connecting the Interface Cables .................................................................................2-7 Connecting the E1 Link ...........................................................................................2-7 Connecting the Data Channels ................................................................................2-8 Connecting the CONTROL DCE Port .........................................................................2-9 Connecting the Power Cables .....................................................................................2-9
2.5
2.6
Chapter 3. Operation 3.1 3.2 Turning FCD-E1L On ...................................................................................................3-1 Controls and Indicators ..............................................................................................3-2 Front Panel Indications ...........................................................................................3-3 E1 Learning ............................................................................................................3-3 Ethernet Interface Indications .................................................................................3-3 Default Settings .........................................................................................................3-3 Configuration Alternatives..........................................................................................3-4 Working with a Supervisor Terminal ............................................................................3-5 Preliminary Settings for Initial Configuration Session ...............................................3-5 Running a Supervisory Terminal Management Session .............................................3-6 Starting a Session with Multiple FCD-E1L Units ........................................................3-8 Ending a Control Session.........................................................................................3-9 Working with SNMP Management ...............................................................................3-9
3.3 3.4 3.5
3.6
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Table of Contents
3.7
3.8
Combining Inband and Out-of-Band Management Capabilities ...............................3-10 Remote Management using Telnet over IP .............................................................3-10 Prevention of Access Conflicts ..............................................................................3-11 Supervisory Terminal Characteristics......................................................................3-12 FCD-E1L Command Language ...................................................................................3-14 Command Options ................................................................................................3-14 Index of Commands ..............................................................................................3-15 Turning FCD-E1L Off.................................................................................................3-17
Chapter 4. Configuration 4.1 4.2 4.3 Configuration Sequence .............................................................................................4-1 Configuring the Local FCD-E1L....................................................................................4-1 Configuring the Remote FCD-E1L................................................................................4-3
Chapter 5. Configuring a Typical Application 5.1 5.2 5.3 Overview....................................................................................................................5-1 Application Extended LAN Connection ..................................................................5-1 Configuring DXC-10A..................................................................................................5-2 Configuring FCD-E1L...................................................................................................5-4 System Configuration..............................................................................................5-4
Chapter 6. Troubleshooting and Diagnostics 6.1 6.2 6.3 Monitoring Performance.............................................................................................6-1 Detecting Errors.........................................................................................................6-4 Handling Alarms .........................................................................................................6-4 Alarm Display..........................................................................................................6-4 Working with Alarm Buffer ......................................................................................6-5 Configuration Error Messages................................................................................6-11 Troubleshooting.......................................................................................................6-14 Testing FCD-E1L .......................................................................................................6-15 Operating Loopbacks from a Control Terminal .......................................................6-15 User-Controlled Loopback Tests ............................................................................6-16 Main Link Local Digital Loopback (LP LOC DIG ML)..................................................6-17 Frequently Asked Questions .....................................................................................6-21 Technical Support ....................................................................................................6-21
6.4 6.5
6.6 6.7
Appendix A. Pinouts Appendix B. SNMP Management Appendix C. Operating Environment Appendix D. Supervision Terminal Commands Appendix E. E1 Learning Appendix F. IR-ETH Interface Module Appendix G. IR-ETH/QN Interface Module Appendix H. IR-IP Interface Module
ii
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Overview
The FCD-E1L is a managed single- or dual-port access unit for business applications that integrates voice and data traffic over E1 (2.048 Mbps) and fractional E1 services. FCD-E1L supports advanced management capabilities, including SNMP.
Product Options
FCD-E1L is available in several versions, which differ in the number of data channels, the type of the main link, user data channels, and power supply.
Main Link
The main link has two line interface versions: 120 balanced line interface terminated in an eight-pin RJ-45 (ISO 10173) connector. 75 unbalanced interface terminated in two BNC coaxial connectors.
Data Channels
The lower data channel port can be ordered with one of the following synchronous interfaces: RS-530 X.21 V.35 V.36/RS-449
The upper data channel port can be ordered with one of the following synchronous, asynchronous, or Ethernet interfaces:
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
RS-530 X.21 V.35 V.36/RS-449 V.24 IR-ETH, internal Ethernet bridge, 10BaseT
Overview 1-1
IR-ETH/QN, internal 10/100 Mbps Ethernet bridge with VLAN support (10/100BaseT only) IR-IP, IP router, 10BaseT
For information on the IR-ETH, IR-ETH/QN and IR-IP ports, refer to Appendix F,
Appendix G, and Appendix H respectively.
Power Supply
FCD-E1L is available with AC (100 to 240 VAC) or DC (-48 VDC) power supplies.
Note
In this manual, the generic term FCD-E1L is used when the information is applicable to all the FCD-E1L versions. Information applicable to a specific version is explicitly identified.
Application
Figure 1-1 shows a typical application where FCD-E1L provides an extension of
data services over a TDM E1/Fractional E1 network.
Figure 1-1. Typical FCD-E1L Application
Features
FCD-E1L supports the following kinds of payload-carrying ports: E1 main link with ITU-T Rec. G.703 copper interface. This enables direct connection to an E1/fractional E1 network. The main link can be ordered as a BNC or a UTP option. The operating mode of the main link interface, DSU or LTU, is software-selectable. The integral LTU provides a range of up to 2 km. Synchronous high-speed data channel, operating at rates of n 64 kbps, where n = 1 to 31. FCD-E1L also accepts a 2048 kbps data stream and converts it to an ITU-T Rec. G.703 unframed signal for transport over the E1 main link. FCD-E1L can then serve as an interface converter and high-speed, short distance modem.
1-2
Overview
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
The synchronous data channel can be ordered with RS-530, V.35, V.36/RS-449, or X.21 interface. Asynchronous data channel, operating at rates of 64 and 128 kbps. This interface allows FCD-E1L to operate opposite external user equipment at bit rates of 1.2, 2.4, 4.8, 9.6, 19.2, or 38.4 kbps. The asynchronous data channel has an RS-232/V.24 interface. 10BaseT Ethernet bridge, 10/100BaseT Ethernet bridge with VLAN support, or IP router provide direct connection to the LAN.
The FCD-E1L main link interface is compatible with virtually all carrier-provided E1 services and meets all requirements of ITU-T recommendations G.823, G.703, G.704, G.706 and G.732. It supports either 2 or 16 frames per multiframe, with or without CRC-4. Line code is HDB3. To meet the specific requirements of users applications, FCD-E1L supports various timing modes and enables hierarchical dissemination of timing within the network. Its nodal timing can be locked to the clock signal recovered from the main link, to a data channel, or provided by an internal oscillator. FCD-E1L operation is controlled and monitored by means of supervision terminals, Telnet hosts, and SNMP management stations. The management connections are either out-of-band, over the FCD-E1L serial management port (directly or through modem links), or inband with the main link carrying the management traffic. This allows FCD-E1L to be fully managed from one or more remote locations, in accordance with specific requirements of the user organization. Timeslot assignment is programmable, allowing data from each customer port to be placed into timeslots (DS0s) consecutively or as defined by the user. FCD-E1L can be ordered with a 100 to 240 VAC or 48 VDC power supply, and has low power consumption. FCD-E1L is available as a standalone or a wall mount unit. One or two standalone units can be installed in a 19-inch (1U) rack with the optional rack mount adapter kit.
Main Link Interfaces

The FCD-E1L main link meets the requirements of ITU-T Rec. G.703, G.704, G.706, G.732, G.823 and G.826. The main link offers two line interface versions: 120 balanced line interface, terminated in an eight-pin RJ-45 connector. 75 unbalanced interface, terminated in two BNC coaxial connectors.
The operating mode of the main link interface, DSU or LTU, is user-selectable. In DSU mode, maximum line attenuation is up to 10 dB. In LTU mode, maximum line attenuation is up to 36 dB. For typical cables, this provides a range of up to 2 km (1.2 mi). FCD-E1L can be located up to 2 km from the transmission equipment. The main link interface supports standard E1 framing formats that comply with the requirements of ITU-T Rec. G.704 and G.732. It supports both G732N framing (2 per multiframe) and G732S framing (16 frames per multiframe, also called timeslot 16 multiframes), in accordance with your selection.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Overview
1-3
When operated in unframed mode, FCD-E1L generates an ITU-T Rec. G.703 unframed signal. The synchronous data channel converts a 2048 kbps data stream to an ITU-T Rec. G.703 unframed signal to transport over the E1 main link. The main link also supports the CRC-4 function in accordance with ITU-T Rec. G.704. The CRC-4 function and the framing mode are user-selectable. Line code is HDB3.
Data Channel Interfaces

The FCD-E1L data channel is available with one of the following types of interfaces: RS-530, V.35, X.21, V.24, or V.36/RS-449. All versions are supplied with a 25-pin D-type female connector. V.24 interface equipment connects to the RS-232 port of the FCD-E1L using a standard straight cable. To convert the 25-pin channel interface to standard V.35, X.21, or V.36 interfaces, optional adaptor cables provide the following terminal connectors: V.36/RS-449: 37-pin D-type female V.35: 34-pin female X.21: 15-pin D-type female.
Suitable adapter cables can be ordered from RAD (see Appendix A and Error! Bookmark not defined.). The serial interface data channel (both sync and async) supports the following control lines: RTS - input from the locally connected users equipment CTS - can be set permanently in the active state, or to follow the RTS line DSR - always active when FCD-E1L is powered on, except when remote main link loopback test is active DCD - active when the main link interface is synchronized.
Ethernet Interfaces
Ethernet with a 10BaseT interface complies with the IEEE 802.3 and Ethernet V.2 standards. To operate over UTP media, an RJ-45 shielded connector terminates the 10BaseT interface. For control of Ethernet traffic flowing through the main link, the Ethernet interface is available with the following options: Full-feature remote bridge, IR-ETH, 10BaseT. Disable the bridge, to operate the FCD-E1L link as a LAN extender (repeater). Full-feature 10/100BaseT remote bridge with VLAN support, IR-ETH/QN IP router, 10BaseT. The IP router is configured through its Ethernet interface, using a Telnet host connected to this interface.
Both the bridge and the router operate at wire speed. For more information on the IR-ETH, IR-ETH/QN and IR-IP interfaces, refer to Appendix F, Appendix G, and Appendix H respectively.
1-4
Overview
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Timeslot Handling
When operating in any of the framed modes, FCD-E1L allows you to configure the routing of the individual timeslots for the data channels. The routing can be modified during system operation, without disrupting the service to users of timeslots that are not rerouted. FCD-E1L automatically connects the timeslots in both the receive and transmit directions. You can either individually select the main link timeslots for inserting user data, or use the bundle routing mode. Timeslots connected to data channels are always defined as data timeslots. To insure correct timeslot routing, FCD-E1L automatically checks the validity of the inputs, and alerts inconsistencies and invalid selections with error messages. The conditions reported include: Attempted allocation of user-traffic timeslots to reserved system timeslots (Ex.: allocation of timeslot 16 when G732S multiframes are used, or allocation of a timeslot dedicated to the management traffic between two FCD-E1Ls connected in a link) Total bandwidth requested exceeds the maximum available main link bandwidth of 31 timeslots (or 30 timeslots when using G732S multiframes, or G732N multiframes with a timeslot dedicated to management; or 29 timeslots when using G732S multiframes and a timeslot dedicated to management.) Number of timeslots assigned to the data channel does not match the number required to support the channel data rate.
Handling National Bits

FCD-E1L controls of handling the national bits, Sa4 through Sa8, in timeslot 0. Select the utilization and state of each bit, in accordance with the following options: Transferring management traffic: when timeslot 0 carries the inband management traffic, the user can select the Sa bits that carry the traffic. Fixed value settings: any bit can be set to 0 or 1.
Timing Considerations
Main Link Timing Application
Figure 1-2 shows FCD-E1L operating with the main link as the timing reference
source, and illustrates the flow of timing signals within the system.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Overview
1-5
FCD-E1L User's DTE
DCE Timing
ML Timing
FCD-E1L User's DTE
FCD-E1L User's DTE
E1 Network
DTE1 Timing Loopback Timing
DCE Timing
ML Timing
Master Timing Source
Figure 1-2. Main Link Timing, Flow of Timing Signals in a Typical Application
When using the main link as the timing reference, the data channels must use DCE timing. DTE1 timing can also be used if the users equipment is connected to the data channels with loopback timing, meaning, the users equipment must lock its transmit clock to the receive clock provided by FCD-E1L. FIFO buffers are used on the data channels to absorb small timing variations (jitter, wander, etc.). FIFO size is automatically selected in accordance with the data channel rate, as listed in Table 1-1. The main link timing mode is particularly suitable for FCD-E1L units connected to an E1 network that has an accurate master timing source (e.g., PTT or national network). This locks network timing of all equipment connected to FCD-E1L.
Data Channel Timing Application

Figure 1-3 shows the data channel operating in the DTE2 timing mode, as the
timing reference source, and illustrates the flow of timing signals within the system.
DTE2 Timing
Data Network
Data Channel
E1 Network
Customer Premises
DCE Timing Data Channel User's DTE
ML Timing
Figure 1-3. Data Channel Timing, Flow of Timing Signals in a Typical Application
1-6 Overview FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
In Figure 1-3, the data equipment located on the customers premises uses the FCD-E1L link to connect to a data network. Since data networks include accurate timing sources and do not accept data whose timing deviates significantly from the network timing, equipment located on the customers premises must use the data network timing. For this purpose, the FCD-E1L connected to the data network uses the data channel as its timing source and its main link timing locks to data network timing. The network timing is transferred to the data equipment located on the customers premises. To optimize jitter performance, the user can manually select the FIFO size of a data channel operating in the DTE2 mode (16 bits, 30 bits, 52 bits, or 72 bits). The manually selected value cannot be less that the automatically selected values listed in Table 1-1.
Timing
Multiple clock source selection provides maximum system timing flexibility, and supports hierarchical dissemination of timing information.
System Timing
Internally, the FCD-E1L uses one system timing source (clock). This system clock determines the transmit timing of the E1 link and the data channels, and the timing of most other signal processing operations. To achieve maximum flexibility in system integration and enable hierarchical distribution of timing in the system, the FCD-E1L enables you to select the source to which the master clock is locked. The available options are as follows: System clock source locked to the recovered receive clock of the main link System clock source locked to an external clock (such as the transmit clock applied to the data channels). The timing mode of the data channel must be DTE2.
Note
The DTE2 mode is not available on channels with X.21 and V.24 interfaces, or on the Ethernet interface.
System clock source locked to the internal crystal oscillator, which has an accuracy of 50 ppm.
Besides selecting the master clock source, you can specify a fallback source that is automatically selected if master source fails. The fail criteria are: loss of the receive signal on the port selected as the master source, or inactive RTS line on the data channels. The internal oscillator, always used as a fallback source, is automatically selected in case the other selected timing sources fail.
Main Link Timing

FCD-E1L recovers the main link receive clock signal and uses it as the timing source for the receive path. The main link transmit timing source, derived from the main system clock, can be locked to one of the following sources: Recovered receive clock
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Overview
1-7
External clock signal (derived from one of the synchronous data channels) Internal oscillator.
Synchronous Data Channel Timing

The FCD-E1L data channel has three timing modes: DCE The transmit and receive clock for the users equipment are connected to the data channel and are derived from the main system clock. DTE1 The data channel sends the receive data and the receive clock, derived from the main system clock, to the users equipment. The channel accepts user data according to the user equipment transmit clock. DTE2 FCD-E1L transmits and receives data according to the clock signals provided by the equipment connected to the data channel. When using this clocking mode, the main link rate must be locked to the clock signal supplied by the users data channel interface. The DTE2 mode is not available on channels with X.21 or Ethernet interfaces.
FCD-E1L provides a FIFO buffer for the data channel to absorb timing differences. FIFO size is generally selected automatically, however, in the DTE2 timing mode the user can select FIFO size to meet specific system requirements.
V.24 Data Channel Timing

The V.24 data channel operates only in the DCE timing mode.
Ethernet Port Timing

The timing of the Ethernet processing circuits is always derived from the main system clock (DCE timing). This port cannot be selected as a timing source.
Management
FCD-E1L is designed for unattended operation. The FCD-E1L configuration (that is, the complete collection of its operating parameters) is determined by a database stored in non-volatile memory. Database management, other configuration tasks, and test and monitoring activities (equipment status enquiry, alarm status and history, test loop activation, performance statistics reading, etc.) can be performed in three ways: Supervision Terminal A supervision terminal can be a dumb ASCII terminal or a PC running a terminal emulation program. The terminal is connected to the RS-232 port of the FCD-E1L, which contains a stored control program. The terminal can also be connected through a modem link to enable dial-in from a remote location. FCD-E1L supports both point-to-point and multidrop connections. SNMP Management The SNMP management capability enables fully graphical, user-friendly management using the RADview network management stations offered by RAD, as well as management by other SNMP-based management systems.
1-8
Overview
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Telnet Remote management is also possible using the Telnet communication protocol, which uses TCP/IP communication, without the SNMP service. Telnet support enables a remote IP host to control the operation of FCD-E1L using functions identical to those provided by a supervision terminal.
The communication between the management system and FCD-E1L can take place out-of-band (by connecting to the serial management port) or inband (through the main link). FCD-E1L includes a proprietary IP router for management traffic. The router function enables FCD-E1L to transfer management traffic generated by, or addressed to, other FCD-E1L units, as well as inband management traffic addressed to other RAD equipment that operates over E1 links (such as the Megaplex modular TDM E1/T1 multiplexers, DXC multiservice access nodes, etc.)
E1 Learning
FCD-E1L features plug-and-play connectivity. When connected to the E1 link, the unit automatically detects the E1 parameters and performs autoconfiguration accordingly. This process is called the E1 learning. The E1 learning can be activated via either a push-button on the FCD-E1L front panel or a terminal command. The state of the learning process is indicated by a dedicated LED indicator. In addition, when managed from the terminal, the learning process is accompanied by the terminal messages.
Note
If FCD-E1L has two data channels installed, the timeslot learning is not available.
Dial-In and Dial-Out Capabilities

FCD-E1L supports dial-in/dial-out operations, which can be used for remote out-of-band configuration and monitoring (dial-in). For dial-out operation FCDE1L activates the modem to automatically dial a pre-programmed number whenever an alarm event occurs. The remote out-of-band configuration, monitoring and sending callout alarm messages can be done using the ASCII (terminal), PPP, or SLIP protocols.
Alarms
FCD-E1L stores alarms detected during its operation in a buffer that can hold up to 100 alarms. During regular operation, an alarm indicator on the front panel lights when alarms are present in the alarm buffer, to notify the local operator that alarm conditions have been detected. Separate indications are provided for major and minor alarms. The local operator can then review the contents of the alarm buffer using the supervision terminal, a Telnet host, or a management station. The front-panel LED indicators display in real time the status of the main link, and alert when test loops are present in the system. FCD-E1L can also automatically report alarms to a remote terminal using a dial-up modem. Alarms causing dialout activities are user-selectable. The alarms stored in the FCD-E1L alarm buffer can be transmitted automatically through the serial management access port, for display on a supervision terminal;
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Overview
1-9
when SNMP management is used, alarms are also sent to user-selected management stations as traps. The CONTROL DCE port can be configured to operate as a dial-out port, for automatic reporting of alarms to remote locations. The port is intended for connection to a Hayes or Hayes-compatible dial-up modem. You can program the reporting method in accordance with the following options: Always send a report whenever a new alarm condition is detected. Send a report only upon the detection of a major alarm. Reporting disabled (no dial-out function).
When it is necessary to report an alarm condition, FCD-E1L initiates the call setup, and then, after the destination answers, sends the complete contents of the alarm buffer. Following the transmission of the alarm buffer contents, FCD-E1L disconnects automatically. To increase reporting reliability, you can define the number of dialing retries, and an alternate directory number to be called in case the primary directory number cannot be reached. If nevertheless the call cannot be established, the full contents of the buffer will be sent the next time a call is set up. To expedite the handling of alarms and reduce the information load during system malfunctions, the system operator can mask alarm conditions, to prevent continuous reporting of known alarm conditions, e.g., during maintenance activities.
Statistics Collection
FCD-E1L collects and stores E1 port statistics in compliance with ITU-T rec. G.706, G.826, with local support as per RFC 4016. These statistics can be retrieved either from the management station (RADview), or via the supervision terminal.
Diagnostics
FCD-E1L has comprehensive diagnostics capabilities that include user-activated local and remote loopbacks on the data channel with serial interface and on the main link. The data channel can response to a FT1/FE1 inband loopback code that can be generated from a remote FCD family product or the DXC in specific bundle of timeslots that are allocated to that port. This loopback is available on the onboard channel (CH1) only. To enable testing of marginal links, FCD-E1L also offers bit error rate (BER) testing on the data channel with serial interface (CH1 only), using a locally generated pseudorandom sequence. To provide compatibility with other BER testing equipment, the user can select the pseudorandom pattern.
1-10
Overview
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
1.2
Physical Description
FCD-E1L is a compact standalone unit, intended for installation on desktops or shelves. Unit height is only 1U (1.75"). An optional rack-mount adapter kit enables the installation of one or two FCD-E1L units in a 19" rack. FCD-E1L is cooled by free air convection, and does not include internal fans.
Figure 1-4 shows a typical FCD-E1L unit.

The front panel includes activity LEDs, the supervision terminal connector for controlling and monitoring the FCD-E1L operation and the auto-configuration button and LED. For details, see Chapter 3. The rear panel of the unit includes the main link and the user data channel connectors. For details, see Chapter 2. The rear panels of the Ethernet bridge and IP router versions include, in addition, status indicators for controlling the operation of the corresponding interfaces. The IP router version also includes a DIP switch. The switch settings and LED indications for these equipment versions are described in Appendix F, Appendix G , and Appendix H.
Figure 1-4. FCD-E1L, 3D View

The bottom part of the unit provides access to the S1 and S2 DIP switches. These switches are described in Chapter 2.
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1-11
1.3
Functional Description
Functional Block Diagram

Figure 1-5 shows the functional block diagram of the FCD-E1L system. FCD-E1L
includes several main subsystems: Chassis buses Main link interface User interface subsystem (Data channels with serial interface or Ethernet port) Management subsystem Power supply subsystem.
The characteristics of the various subsystems are explained below.
Bus Functions
The FCD-E1L system performs its various functions by controlling the flow of data among the various user and main link interfaces in accordance with the application requirements. The flow of data is performed through the FCD-E1L buses, as shown in Figure 1-5. FCD-E1L comprises several buses: TDM bus, which carries the data to the main link. The TDM bus serves as a highway through which all the information processed by the FCD-E1L flows. The information is deposited and collected in discrete time intervals, called timeslots (one timeslot supports a data rate of 64 kbps see Error! Bookmark not defined.). The TDM bus consists of two lines: TSER line carries the transmit data to the main link interface. The other interfaces deposit data on this line, in the timeslots specified by the management subsystem. RSER line carries the data received by the main link interface. The other interfaces read their data from the timeslots specified by the management subsystem. Each FCD-E1L port deposits payload information received through its external interface on one TDM bus line, and simultaneously collects the information to be sent through the external interface from the other line. Therefore, considerable flexibility is available with respect to routing, because each port has access to all the payload information, and can be instructed by the management subsystem to read and write the desired information in the desired timeslots of the FCD-E1L TDM bus.
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FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
FCD-E1L
Data Channel or Ethernet Interface Data Channel or Ethernet Port
Data Channel Interface
Data Channel Port
TDM Bus
Main Link
Framer
RSER Clock Bus TSER
LIU
Main Link Port
Address Bus
Management Subsystem
Inband Management Interface
Data Bus
FCD-E1L (CPU)
Control Logic
Front Panel Serial Port Interface
Fuse
Control Port
Main Power Supply Internal Voltages
AC Input Power Connector
Figure 1-5. FCD-E1L Functional Block Diagram

Clock bus, which carries the various clock signals used by the FCD-E1L system. The FCD-E1L can lock its system clock (see the Timing section on page 1-5) to various clock signals applied to its user ports, in accordance with the application requirements. Two management buses: Address bus carries routing information from the management subsystem to the other subsystems. Data Bus carries the internal management data.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
1-13
Main Link Interface

The main link interface includes the main link port and the framer with an integrated LIU (line interface unit). The characteristics of the main link interface are described in Main Link Interfaces on page 1-4. The main functions of the main link interface are described below.
Framer
The transmit path of the framer generates the E1 frame structure transmitted by the main link port, in accordance with the selected framing mode. The frame structure is generated by combining the data retrieved from the prescribed timeslots of the TSER line with the framing overhead. The TSER line may also carry inband management data generated by the management subsystem when the main link framing mode is G732S or G732N. Unused timeslots are filled with the idle code. The receive path of the framer extracts the payload data, the inband management data stream and demultiplexes the incoming E1 data stream. The framer also collects performance statistics based on framing errors and errors detected by the CRC-4 monitoring function, which can be read by the management subsystem through the module management subsystem. When the main link is operated in the unframed mode, the framer is bypassed. As a result, the main link transparently transfers the data stream received from the appropriate data channel.
Note
If FCD-E1L has two data channels, channel 2 is automatically set to operate in the unframed mode. In a single-channel FCD-E1L, the unframed data stream passes through channel 1.
LIU
The transmit path of the LIU includes an HDB3 coder, which converts the NRZ transmit data stream provided by the E1 framer to the line code specified for use on E1 links, and then generates the E1 transmit signal in accordance with ITU-T Rec. G.703. The receive path of the LIU recovers the received E1 signal and the associated clock signal. The recovered clock signal is used by other module circuits, and is also applied on the clock bus. The recovered E1 signal is decoded by an HDB3 decoder, and sent to the receive path of the E1 framer in NRZ format. The operating mode of the LIU receive path, DSU or LTU, is user-selectable. The HDB3 decoder can provide performance statistics for evaluating line transmission quality when the CRC-4 option is not used, by collecting data on the bipolar violations (BPVs) detected in the incoming signal.
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FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Synchronous Data Channels

The data channels operate as synchronous ports, which connect to the TDM bus via a bus interface. The data channels perform two main functions: In the output (receive) direction, the bus interface reads the payload data from the appropriate timeslots of the TSER line, under the control of the management subsystem, and generates a continuous n64 kbps data stream. The data stream is accompanied by a clock signal derived from the internal FCD-E1L system clock. The transmit data and clock signals are then applied to the channel interface, which provides the interface to the external (users) equipment. The interface can be ordered from one of the following options: RS-530, V.35, X.21, and V.36/RS-449. In the input (transmit) direction, the users data applied to the input of the channel interface is placed in the appropriate timeslots of the RSER line, under the control of the management subsystem.
To enable synchronous operation, FIFO buffers are used to absorb timing variations (jitter, wander, etc.). In all the data channel timing modes, the FIFO size is automatically selected in accordance with the data channel rate, as listed in Table 1-1. The values listed in Table 1-1 are selected in accordance with the limits specified in the applicable standards. In addition, when using the DTE2 mode, the FIFO size can also be manually selected, to enable the user to increase FIFO size when the jitter exceeds the expected limits.
Table 1-1. FIFO Size vs Data Channel Rate

Data Channel Rate (kbps) 64 128 and 192 256 through 512 576 through 1024 1088 through 1792 1856 and 1920 1984 FIFO Size (bits) 16 30 52 72 52 30 16
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1-15
In addition to payload data, the data channel interfaces handle two additional types of signals: Clock signals. The direction of the clock signals depends on the data channel timing mode, DCE, DTE1, or DTE2. The timing modes are explained in the Synchronous Data Channel Timing section on page 1-8. In the DTE2 mode, the clock signal applied to the transmit input is connected to the clock bus and can be selected as an FCD-E1L system timing reference. Handshaking signals. The handshaking signals are used to control the exchange of signals with the users equipment, in accordance with the protocol applying to the installed data channel interface. The handshaking is performed under the control of the management subsystem. The functions of the handshaking signals are explained in the Data Channel Interfaces section on page 1-4.
Asynchronous Data Channel RS-232/V.24

This interface allows FCD-E1L to operate opposite external user equipment at bit rates 1.2, 2.4, 4.8, 9.6, 19.2, or 38.4 kbps. The data rate of the V.24 port can be selected between 64 kbps and 128 kbps.
Ethernet Interface
For description of the IR-ETH, IR-ETH/QN and IR-IP interfaces, refer to Appendix F, Appendix G, and Appendix H respectively. The timing mode of the Ethernet channel interface is always DCE, that is, the timing of the receive and transmit paths is always locked to the FCD-E1L system clock.
Management Subsystem
The management subsystem controls FCD-E1L operation, in accordance with its operating software. The basic capabilities of the management subsystem are presented in the Main Characteristics on page 1-4. The management subsystem also includes an SNMP agent, and a proprietary IP router for SNMP management traffic. The management subsystem exchanges information and sends commands through several ports: The communication with the various internal subsystems of the FCD-E1L is performed through the management address and data buses. The subsystem also controls the front-panel indicators. The communication with the supervision terminal is performed through the front panel RS-232 serial port interface. This port is used to perform the initial configuration of the FCD-E1L, using any standard ASCII (dumb) terminal (or PC running a basic communication or terminal emulation program). After the initial configuration, the port can be used to control and monitor FCD-E1L operation.
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FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
When inband management is enabled, the management subsystem transmits and receives management traffic through the E1 port. The communication with the E1 port is made through the TDM bus.
Power Supply Subsystem

FCD-E1L can be powered by 100 to 240 VAC, 50 or 60 Hz, or by -48 VDC, in accordance with order. Figure 1-5 shows an AC-powered FCD-E1L: The AC input voltage passes through a protection fuse located in the AC input connector (on the DC-powered FCD-E1L, the fuse is internal). The AC input voltage is applied to the main power supply voltage, which generates the regulated voltages required for the FCD-E1L internal circuits.
1.4
E1 Main Link
Technical Specifications
ITU-T G.703, G.704, G.706, G.732, G.826 G732N, 2 or 16 frames per multiframe, CRC-4 option enabled or disabled 2.048 Mbps (50ppm) HDB3
Compliance Framing Bit Rate Line Code Line Impedance Balanced interface Unbalanced interface Signal Levels Transmit level Balanced Interface Unbalanced Interface Receive level LTU mode DSU mode Jitter Performance Connectors Balanced interface
120 75
3V 10% 2.37V 10%
0 to 36 dB 0 to 10 dB Per ITU-T Rec. G.823
RJ-45 (ISO 10173) 8-pin connector
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1-17
Unbalanced interface Timing Receive timing Transmit timing (user-selectable) Internal External timing
Two BNC coaxial connectors
Always recovered from received data signal
50 ppm oscillator Locked to the transmit clock of the data channel or to the receive main link, allowed range 130 ppm Locked to the recovered receive clock, allowed range 130 ppm V.35, X.21, V.36/RS-449, or RS-530, according to order RS-530 interface: 25-pin D-type female V.35 interface: 34-pin female via adapter cable V.36/RS-449 interface: 37-pin D-type female via adapter cable X.21 interface: 15-pin, D-type female via adapter cable
Loopback timing
Synchronous User Data Channels
Data Channel Interface Data Channel Connectors
Bit Rates Timing Modes DCE DTE1 DTE2 Control Signals
N 64 kbps, where n equals 1, 2, 3, ....., 31
Receive and transmit clocks to the synchronous DTE Receive clock to the synchronous device, and transmit clock from the synchronous device Receive and transmit clock from the synchronous DCE CTS follows RTS or constantly ON, software selectable DSR constantly ON, except during the remote main link loopback DCD constantly ON, except during loss of synchronization alarm on main link
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FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Timeslot allocation
Sequential timeslots (bundled) User-defined
RS-232/V.24 Asynchronous User Data Port
Interface
RS-232/V.24
Connectors Bit Rates
25-pin D-type female 64 kbps or 128 kbps. Allows operation opposite external user equipment at bit rates 1.2, 2.4, 4.8, 9.6, 19.2, or 38.4 kbps DCE: receive and transmit clocks to the asynchronous DTE CTS follows RTS or constantly ON, software selectable DSR constantly ON, except during the remote main link loopback DCD constantly ON, except during loss of synchronization alarm on main link
Timing Mode Control Signals
Timeslot allocation
Sequential timeslots (bundled) User-defined
Ethernet Ports Supervisory and Management Port
For technical specifications of the IR-ETH, IR-ETH/QN and IR-IP interfaces, refer to Appendix F, Appendix G, and Appendix H respectively.
Interface Port connectors Data rates
V.24/RS-232 (asynchronous)
9-pin D-type female 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 or 19200 bps, with automatic detection of data rate (Autobaud) One start bit 7 or 8 data bits Even, odd, or no parity One stop bit
Data word format
Dial-in capabilities Dial-out capabilities
Supports all the supervisory port functions Automatic reporting of alarms to remote locations; alarms causing dial-out activities are user-selectable
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
1-19
Management
Full control over FCD-E1L operation via the DCE CONTROL port, using supervision (dumb) terminal, SNMP or Telnet (SLIP or PPP), for remote monitoring and remote data collection
Inband remote management
Through timeslot 0 (any sequence of Sa4 through Sa8 bits) using proprietary protocol with dynamic routing Through dedicated timeslot using reliable proprietary protocol
Out-of-band remote management
SLIP or PPP protocol
Diagnostics
Test Loops
E1 main link local analog loopback, towards the local DTE E1 main link local digital loopback, towards the local DTE E1 main link remote analog loopback, towards the remote DTE Channel loopback, towards the remote DTE (Channels 1 and 2) Channel loopback, towards the local DTE (Channels 1 and 2) BER test on selected timeslots of the data channel (Channel 1 only) Inband FT1/FE1 code-activated loopback on the data channel (Channel 1 only)
Note: No loopback can be activated for the Ethernet interfaces Statistics Collection
As per ITU-T rec. G.706, G.826 with local support as per RFC 4016 Alarm buffer size: 100 alarms Last 100 alarms are stored and available for retrieval. Each alarm is time stamped.
Alarms
Alarm Buffer
1-20
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Indicators
Front Panel Indicators
PWR FCD-E1L is powered (green) SYNC LOSS LOC Loss of local synchronization alarm on the main link (red) SYNC LOSS REM Loss of remote synchronization alarm on the main link (red) TEST test active (yellow) ALM MAJ/ALM MIN major/minor alarm indication (red) AUTO CONFIGURATION E1 learning state indication: off, green (on or blinking), red (on or blinking)
Rear Panel Ethernet Interface Indicators
For technical specifications of the IR-ETH, IRETH/QN and IR-IP interfaces, refer to Appendix F, Appendix G, and Appendix H respectively. 44 mm (1.75 in 1U)
Physical Characteristics
Height Width Depth Weight (approx.)
215 mm (8.5 in) 243 mm (9.6 in) 0.9 kg (2.0 lb)
Power
Supply Voltage AC Source DC Source Power Consumption

100 to 240 VAC, 50/60 Hz -48 VDC nominal (-40 to -57 VDC) 5W max. 0 to 50C (32 to 122F) Up to 90%, non-condensing
Environment
Operating Temperature Relative Humidity
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
1-21
1-22
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 2 Installation and Setup

2.1 Introduction
This chapter provides instructions for mechanical and electrical installation of the FCD-E1L unit. Before performing any internal settings, adjustment, maintenance, or repairs, first disconnect all the cables from the FCD-E1L.
Warning
Internal settings, adjustment, maintenance, and repairs may be performed only by a skilled technician who is aware of the hazards involved. Always observe standard safety precautions during installation, operation, and maintenance of this product.
Note
Before installing the product, review Handling Energized Products at the beginning of the manual.
2.2
Site Requirements & Prerequisites
FCD-E1L is a standalone device intended for tabletop or bench installation. It is delivered completely assembled. No provision is made for bolting the unit on the tabletop. For installation of one or two units in a 19-inch rack, refer to the Rack Mounting Kit for 19-inch Racks guide that comes with the RM kit. AC-powered FCD-E1L units should be installed within 1.5m (5 feet) of an easily accessible grounded AC outlet capable of furnishing the required supply voltage (100 to 240 VAC). DC-powered FCD-E1L units require a -48 VDC (-40 to -57 VDC) power source. The power source must be adequately isolated from the mains supply. Allow at least 90 cm (36 inches) of frontal clearance for operating and maintenance accessibility. Allow at least 10 cm (4 inches) clearance at the rear of the unit for signal lines and interface cables.
The ambient operating temperature of FCD-E1L is 0 to 50C (32 to 122F), at a relative humidity of up to 90%, non-condensing.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Site Requirements & Prerequisites
2-1
The FCD-E1L units are cooled by free air convection; therefore in rack installations it is necessary to leave sufficient space (at least 1U) above and below each unit, to enable free airflow. FCD-E1L is designed to comply with various electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards. To meet these standards, it is necessary to connect the FCD-E1L case to a low-resistance grounding system.
2.3

Package Contents
The FCD-E1L package includes the following items: FCD-E1L unit Multiservice Access Devices and Intelligent CLEs CD-ROM AC power cord or DC power supply connector kit RM kit (if ordered) Interface adapter cable(s), in accordance with order (see Connecting the Data
Channel on page 2-8.
2.4
Introduction
Setting the Internal Jumpers and Switches
The FCD-E1L construction allows you a convenient access to the DIP switches S1 and S2 that may be used in operation. These switches are located on the rear (print) side of the main board and are easily accessed by opening a small lid on the FCD-E1L bottom panel.
Note
The component side of the main board contains the interface selection jumpers J4, J5, J7 and JP13, JP16, all permanently set at the factory according to the interface ordered. Do not move these jumpers from their factory positions!
FCD-E1L comes in single data channel or two data channel versions. The data channel 1 interface board does not include user settings. The data channel 2 interface or its replacement (in accordance with the FCD-E1L version) board can represent one of the following: a serial port (does not include user settings) IR-IP interface board (does not include user settings) IR-ETH interface board (do not include user settings) IR-ETH/QN interface board (includes user settings for installation, see Appendix G) The data channel 2 interface board (if ordered) is attached to the main board as shown in Figure 2-1.
2-2
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Although the IR-ETH interface board contains an additional DIP switch on board, it is not in use because the corresponding functions are software-controlled. The IR-IP DIP switch is accessed from the FCD-E1L rear panel. Due to such construction, there is no need in opening the FCD-E1L case for these versions. To control the Ethernet transmission parameters of the IR-ETH/QN interface version, you have to use the internal DIP switch located on its interface board. The access to this switch is described in Appendix G.
E1 Link Connector (BNC or UTP) CHANNEL 2, IR-ETH, IR-ETH/QN, or IR-IP Interface Board
Power Connector
Power Supply
F9
Figure 2-1. FCD-E1L Main Board
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
2-3
Setting DIP Switches S1 and S2
S1
LAL LDL DEF PAR PASSWORD DB INIT RESERVED
ON
OFF
LSB 0 1
MSB
S2
Figure 2-2. Location of S1 and S2 DIP Switches

1. Locate a small lid on the bottom panel at the rear of the FCD-E1L unit and open it to gain access to the DIP switches. 2. Set the password options and select the source of the database configuration and supervisory port parameters with the DIP switch S1 in accordance with Table 2-1. 3. If you have chosen the E1 learning to be triggered from the front panel (by the AUTO CONFIGURATION button), set the idle code with the DIP switch S2. Use Table 2-2 to convert the idle code value from the hexadecimal to binary notation.
2-4
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Table 2-1. DIP Switches S1 and S2

DIP Switch
Configuration switch, S1 E1 AUTO-CONFIG Section 1 DB INIT Section 2
Description
Values*
The switch controls reloading of default parameter values of the FCD-E1L. Will be used in the future versions. This section selects the source of the database configuration parameters. ON FCD-E1L loads the default parameters from the EPROM on powerFCD-E1L is delivered with the database loaded with up. the default parameters. You can select this OFF FCD-E1L loads the user-selected position again to restart with the default parameters from its non-volatile memory parameters in case the current values are not on power-up. known.
Note: User-selected parameter values are not erased by setting the DB INIT section to ON. Only when FCD-E1L is turned off and then powered again, the default values replace the user values.
PASSWORD Section 3 FCD-E1L is delivered with a default password, RAD. However, to prevent unauthorized personnel from using the FCD-E1L supervision program, you can use a password of your own consisting of up to eight alphanumeric characters. The FCD-E1L polling address (node number) is also affected by Section 3: with the jumper set at ON, the node number is set to 0. Upon first-time operation, use the ON position to start the configuration. You can select this position again to restart with the default password and node address 0 in case the current user password was lost. ON FCD-E1L uses the default password. OFF FCD-E1L uses the user-defined password.
Note: You can configure the supervisory port to operate without password protection (by means of DEF SP command). In this case, no password is used, irrespective of the position of the switch section.
DEF PAR Section 4 This section selects the source of the supervisory port parameters. ON FCD-E1L loads the default parameters stored in its EPROM (9600 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, one stop bit, terminal mode). OFF Supervisory port operates according to user-defined parameters.
Note: User-selected parameter values are not erased by setting one or more sections of the DIP switch S1 to ON: this action merely causes FCD-E1L to use the default values. However, if FCD-E1L is turned off and then powered again, the default values replace the user values. * The value shown in bold is the default factory setting.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
2-5
Table 2-1. DIP Switches S1 and S2 (Cont.)

DIP Switch
LDL Section 5
Description
This section enables hardware-controlled activation of a local digital loopback on Channel 1 of the FCD-E1L.
Values*
ON activates the local digital loopback on Channel 1, provided there is no software control intervention. OFF deactivates the local digital loopback on Channel 1, provided there is no software control intervention.
LAL Section 6
This section enables hardware-controlled activation of a local analog loopback on the FCD-E1L main link.
ON activates the local analog loopback on the main link, provided there is no software control intervention. OFF deactivates the local analog loopback on the main link, provided there is no software control intervention.
Note: If software loopback control has been activated prior to changing the position of switch sections 5 or 6, then moving the switch section will reverse the action of a corresponding software command. For example, setting the LDL section to ON after a LP LOC CH 1 loopback has been activated from the terminal, deactivates the loopback. For this reason, RAD does not recommend using hardware and software loopback control simultaneously.
Idle Code switch, S2 Sets the idle code in case when the E1 learning is triggered by the front panel button. "0", "1"
* The value shown in bold is the default factory setting.
To set the idle code value on the DIP switch S2, you have to convert it from the hexadecimal to binary notation. Table 2-2 lists the binary codes of the ten decimal numbers and six alphabetic characters used in the hexadecimal notation.
Table 2-2. Converting to Binary Code

Hex Equivalent 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B Binary Code 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011
2-6
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Hex Equivalent C D E F
Binary Code 1100 1101 1110 1111
2.5
Connecting the Interface Cables
Connecting the E1 Link

The connectors located on the rear panels of FCD-E1L depend on the equipment version. The main link is supplied in two versions: 120 balanced line interface, terminated in an RJ-45 eight-pin connector 75 unbalanced interface, terminated in two BNC coaxial connectors.
Appendix A provides the pin allocation for the RJ-45 connector. Figure 2-3 shows a typical AC-powered FCD-E1L rear panel with a balanced main
link.
Figure 2-4 shows a typical DC-powered FCD-E1L rear panel with an unbalanced BNC main link.
CAUTION : FOR CONTINUED
PROTECTION AGAINST RISK OF FIRE, REPLACE ONLY WITH SAME TYPE AND RATING OF FUSE.
E1 CH2
CH1
Figure 2-3. Typical FCD-E1L Rear Panel No. 1

E1
VDC-IN
TX-OUT CH2
RX-IN
-48
CH1
Figure 2-4. Typical FCD-E1L Rear Panel No. 2

To connect the balanced main link: Connect the cable to the RJ-45 connector designated E1 (see Appendix A for pin allocation). To connect the unbalanced main link: Connect the cable to the two BNC connectors designated TX OUT (transmit output) and RX IN (receive input).
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0 Connecting the Interface Cables 2-7
Pay attention to correct connection of the transmit and receive cables to the TX and RX connectors of each interface.
Connecting the Data Channels

Serial Data Ports
The serial data ports of FCD-E1L are terminated in a 25-pin D-type female connector. The connector wiring is given in Appendix A. The interface type is RS-530, V.35, V.36/RS-449, V.24 or X.21, according to order. When using the RS-530 or V.24 interface, equipment with RS-530 or, respectively, V.24 interface can be directly connected to the data channel connector using standard cables. When the interface type is V.35, the adapter cable is terminated in a 34-pin female connector. When the interface type is V.36/RS-449, the adapter cable is terminated in a 37-pin D-type female connector. When the interface type is X.21, the adapter cable is terminated in a 15-pin D-type female connector.
When using adapter cables, first connect the adapter cable to the channel connector, and then connect the users data cable to the adapter connector. The cables for DCE clock mode are supplied in accordance with order. Cables for DTE1 and DTE2 clock modes can be prepared in accordance with the port connector wiring information given in Appendix A or ordered separately from RAD. The use of each cable is listed in Table 2-3. Appendix A provides pin allocations and cable wiring data.
Table 2-3. FCD-E1L Interface Adapter Cables

Cable User Interface Clock Mode Length [m] [ft] 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
CBL-HS2/V/1 CBL-HS2/V/2 CBL-HS2/V/3 CBL-HS2/R/1 CBL-HS2/R/2 CBL-HS2/R/3 CBL-HS2/X/1
V.35 V.35 V.35 V.36/RS-449 V.36/RS-449 V.36/RS-449 X.21
DCE DTE1 DTE2 DCE DTE1 DTE2 DCE
Ethernet Data Channel

For information on the IR-ETH, IR-ETH/QN and IR-IP ports, refer to Appendix F, Appendix G, and Appendix H respectively.
2-8
Connecting the Interface Cables
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Connecting the CONTROL DCE Port

The front panel CONTROL DCE supervisory port has a 9-pin D-type female connector with RS-232 interface. The interface (DCE or DTE) is software-selectable. The default selection, DCE, enables direct connection to terminals and management stations; when the interface is configured as DTE, it is necessary to use a crossed adapter cable.
Appendix A provides the pin allocation for the connector.
2.6
Connecting the Power Cables
To connect the power to FCD-E1L, refer to the appropriate section below, depending on your version of the unit (AC or DC). BEFORE POWERING UP AN AC POWERED FCD-E1L, verify that the socket outlet is provided with a protective earth contact. If you are using an extension cord (power cable) make sure it is grounded as well. Make sure that only fuses with the required rated current and of the specified type, as marked on the FCD-E1L rear panel, are used for replacement. Use of repaired fuses and short-circuiting of fuse holders is forbidden. Whenever it is likely that the protection offered by fuses has been impaired, the instrument must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation.
Warning
AC Power Connection
AC power should be supplied to FCD-E1L through the 1.5m (5 ft) standard power cable terminated by a standard 3-prong plug. The power cable is provided with the unit. To connect AC power to FCD-E1L: 1. Connect the power cable to the power connector on the FCD-E1L rear panel. 2. Connect the power cable to the mains outlet.
DC Power Connection
To connect DC power to FCD-E1L: Refer to DC Power Connection Supplement.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
2-9
2-10
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 3 Operation
This chapter contains instructions for operating FCD-E1L. The information presented in this chapter includes: Turning FCD-E1L on Controls and indicators Default settings Configuration alternatives Turning FCD-E1L off
3.1
Turning FCD-E1L On
To turn FCD-E1L on, connect it to the power supply. When pressing <Enter>, FCD-E1L performs a self-test. If the supervision terminal is connected, FCD-E1L notifies you of the results of its power-up self-test: FCD Self Test in Progress ... OK or FCD Self Test in Progress ... Failed If the self-test failed you must repair or replace FCD-E1L before you can continue using it. If FCD-E1L successfully passed the power-up self-test, it sends the following message: FCD Supervisory Port On Line. Type H For Help If the configuration data stored by FCD-E1 is corrupted FCD-E1L reports that the self-test has failed or sends the DATABASE CHECKSUM ERROR alarm message. In this case, you must load the default configuration by entering the INIT DB command from the terminal or: To load the default configuration: 1. Turn FCD-E1L off. 2. Set section 2, DB INIT, of the internal DIP switch S1 to ON. 3. Turn FCD-E1L on. 4. Turn FCD-E1L off. 5. Set section 2, DB INIT, of the internal DIP switch S1 to OFF.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Turning FCD-E1L On
3-1
Chapter 3 Operation
Now FCD-E1L is ready for operation.
3.2
Controls and Indicators
The front panel of FCD-E1L includes a series of LED indicators that show the current operating status of the unit, the AUTO CONFIGURATION push-button, and a proprietary 9-pin connector (CONTROL DCE) for connection to a terminal.
Figure 3-1. FCD-E1L Front Panel Figure 3-1 shows the FCD-E1L front panel. Table 3-1 lists and describes the
FCD-E1L controls and indicators.
Table 3-1. Front Panel Controls and Indicators

Name PWR SYNC LOSS LOC SYNC LOSS REM ALM MAJ ALM MIN TST AUTO CONFIGURATION AUTO CONFIGURATION CONTROL DCE Type/Color LED (green) LED (red) LED (red) LED (red) LED (red) LED (yellow) LED (green or red) Push-button Connector Function Lights when power is ON. Lights to indicate local loss of synchronization on the E1 link Lights to indicate remote loss of synchronization on the E1 link Lights to indicate that a major alarm condition is present in the system Lights to indicate that a minor alarm condition is present in the system Lights when a test is active See Appendix E Activates the E1 learning process Provides connection to a supervision terminal or management station
Note
In addition to front panel controls and indicators, FCD-E1L versions with IR-ETH, IIR-ETH/QN and IP router interfaces contain additional controls and indicators on their rear panels. For description, see Appendix F, Appendix G, and Appendix H respectively.
3-2
Controls and Indicators
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 3 Operation
Front Panel Indications

During normal operation, the ALM, SYNC LOSS, and TST indicators are off. Any alarm condition causes the ALM indicator to light. Use the supervision terminal to read the alarm messages. If any of the main link alarm indicators or the TST indicator lights, data transfer is interrupted. The TST indicator lights when a test is activated. If the test is activated from the local FCD-E1L, see the test type using the supervision terminal (DSP ST CH1, DSP ST CH2, or DSP ST ML). You can disconnect a local loop by means of the CLR LOOP command, as explained in Appendix D. A LOC indicator lights when a local loss of synchronization condition is present on the main link. A REM indicator lights when a remote loss of synchronization condition is present on the main link.
E1 Learning
If you choose the E1 learning process to be activated from the front panel, the learning process status is indicated by the dedicated AUTO CONFIGURATION indicator. For detailed description of the learning process and its operation from the front panel and the supervisory terminal, see Appendix E.
Ethernet Interface Indications

For information concerning the IR-ETH, IR-ETH/QN and IR-IP interface indicators, refer to Appendix F, Appendix G, and Appendix H respectively.
3.3
Default Settings
FCD-E1L operating mode is determined by a set of parameters stored in the internal non-volatile memory. To select these parameters, use the FCD-E1L supervision terminal. After the operating parameters have been loaded (a process called configuration setup), FCD-E1L no longer requires operator attendance. The configuration stored in the FCD-E1L memory is not affected when power is turned off. Upon turn-on, FCD-E1L checks the validity of the stored configuration data, and after the self-test, takes the last selected configuration. If the configuration does not require modification, FCD-E1L is ready for operation immediately after power is applied. However, if the configuration data is corrupted, FCD-E1L loads a default configuration instead. The default configuration, prepared by the manufacturer, is stored in the program EPROM. If you make a configuration error (for example, you select a parameter value that conflicts with the current operating mode), FCD-E1L rejects the erroneous selection and displays an error message that identifies the error.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0 Default Settings 3-3
Chapter 3 Operation
3.4
Configuration Alternatives
The FCD-E1L system is designed for unattended operation. The configuration of the FCD-E1L system, that is, a complete collection of operating parameters, is determined by a database stored in non-volatile memory located in the management subsystem. The database is automatically loaded upon FCD-E1L turn-on, thereby enabling the FCD-E1L to automatically return to its last operating configuration. In addition, FCD-E1L stores a set of factory-default parameters, which can be used to start the configuration of a new FCD-E1L unit; the default parameters can also be loaded in case the users database is corrupted. FCD-E1L database management, as well as the other configuration, test and monitoring activities (equipment status reading, alarm status and history, activation of test loops, reading of performance statistics, etc.) can be performed in three ways: Supervision Terminal. A dumb ASCII terminal (or a PC running a terminal emulation program), connected to the front-panel RS-232 serial port of the management subsystem installed in the FCD-E1L, can be used as a supervision terminal. The connection can be made either directly, or through modem or low-speed data links. The FCD-E1L system supports both point-to-point and multidrop connections. The program stored in the FCD-E1L management subsystem controls the supervision terminal. SNMP Management. The SNMP management capability enables fully graphical, user-friendly management using the RADview network management stations offered by RAD, as well as management by generic SNMP-based management systems. Telnet. Remote management is also possible using the Telnet communication protocol, which enables management using IP communication in parallel with the use of SNMP. Telnet support enables a remote IP host to control the operation of the FCD-E1L system, using functions identical to those provided by a supervision terminal.
When FCD-E1L includes the optional IP router, it is necessary to use a Telnet host to configure the router parameters and supervise its operation (see Appendix H). The control subsystem of FCD-E1L systems supports both out-of-band and inband management access. For out-of-band management, the connection is made through the front panel serial port, via the SLIP (Serial Link IP) protocol. The routing is performed with a proprietary routing protocol. Inband management is performed via the main E1 link. See Appendix B for details.
3-4
Configuration Alternatives
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 3 Operation
3.5
Working with a Supervisor Terminal
The supervision terminal provides a simple, command-line based human interface. The terminals can communicate with the managed FCD-E1L systems via the CONTROL DCE serial RS-232 communication port. The serial port is generally configured as a DCE port, for direct connection to a terminal, but can also be configured as a DTE port when it is necessary to connect the terminal via a modem link, or a low-speed data multiplexer channel. Thus, a remote operator located at a central site can perform all the functions available from a supervision terminal directly connected to the FCD-E1L system. Optional password protection is also available. The communication data rate of the serial port can be selected in accordance with system requirements (300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 or 19200 bps). Automatic data rate identification (Autobaud function) is also available. Data word format is configurable: one start bit, seven or eight data bits, selectable parity (odd, even, or none), and one stop bit. Since continuous communication with the FCD-E1L system is necessary only when management activities are actually performed, one terminal can manage multiple FCD-E1L units using a polling protocol, with the connection to the individual units being made by means of multi-drop modems or digital sharing devices. For polling purposes, each FCD-E1L can be assigned an eight-bit address, for a maximum of 255 nodes (the zero address is reserved for non-polled communication).
Preliminary Settings for Initial Configuration Session

Configuring the Control Terminal
Before starting an initial configuration session, set the supervisory terminal parameters to match the configuration of the CONTROL DCE port. To configure the supervision terminal: 1. Select full-duplex mode. 2. Turn the terminal echo off. 3. Disable any type of flow control. 4. Connect the terminal cable to the CONTROL DCE connector of FCD-E1L. 5. Turn the control terminal on. 6. For the initial configuration session, it is recommended to use the default communication parameters: 9600 bps, one start bit, eight data bits, no parity, one stop bit.
Configuring FCD-E1L for the Terminal Management Session

The software necessary to run the FCD-E1L control program is contained in the FCD-E1L system. To initialize FCD-E1L for correct terminal operation, the control port parameters should be set as described in Table 3-2. For a full description of the control port parameters, refer to Appendix D.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
3-5
Chapter 3 Operation
Table 3-2. Control Port Parameters for Supervisory Port Management

Parameter Speed Setting for Terminal Management Session The FCD-E1L control port can be configured to communicate at rates of 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 or 19200 bps. The word format consists of one stop bit and 7 or 8 data bits. Parity can be odd, even or none. For direct connection, choose DCE. For connection through a modem or data link, choose DTE. Default AUTO
Data Parity Interface
8 NONE DCE
You are now ready to start a management session.
Running a Supervisory Terminal Management Session

If the AUTO (Autobaud) mode is enabled, start the control session by pressing <Enter> three times. When FCD-E1L has successfully identified the data rate of the supervision terminal, it notifies you of the results of its power-up self-test: FCD Self Test in Progress ... OK or FCD Self Test in Progress ... Failed In the latter case, repair or replace FCD-E1L before you can continue using it. If FCD-E1L successfully passed the power-up self-test, it sends the following message: FCD Supervisory Port On Line. Type H For Help
Starting a Control Session

To start the control session, follow the guidelines below: When the node number of FCD-E1L is a number other than zero, you must enter the node number before entering commands. Enter NODE<SP>node number<SP>, where node number is the node number in the range from 1 to 255, and <SP> is a space. FCD-E1L echoes the node number, i.e. Node<SP>node number<SP>. When password protection is enabled, FCD-E1L displays the PASSWORD> prompt at the beginning of the session. In this case, type the current casesensitive password (four to eight characters). The default password is RAD. If your password is accepted, the FCD> prompt is displayed.
Entering Commands
This section explains how to enter FCD-E1L commands using a supervisory port. Commands are case-insensitive; you can enter commands in either lowercase or uppercase letters.
3-6
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 3 Operation
To enter commands: 1. Enter commands at the FCD> prompt. This prompt appears at the beginning of each new line. The cursor appears to the right of the prompt.
Note
If the DIP switch is set to DB INIT, then on power-up, the first command you need to enter at the FCD prompt is DEF TERM <type of terminal>.
2. If a node number is required, enter the node number before the command using the following syntax: NODE<SP>node number<SP>command<Enter>.
Note
If the terminal does not echo the NODE command you may have to enter it blind. The typing will echo after the node is identified.
3. FCD-E1L echoes commands as you enter them, character by character. 4. Use <Space> as a separator between command fields and/or parameters. 5. To correct typing errors, press <Backspace> until the error is cleared, then enter the correct characters. 6. To execute a command, press <Enter>; when the command is executed, FCDE1L displays the current date and time, then displays a new command prompt. 7. After the last page of the data form, press <Enter> to initiate command evaluation. 8. To cancel command execution, press <Ctrl+C>; the FCD> prompt appears, and you can enter a new command.
Note
You can also use <Ctrl+C> to stop the automatic repetition of commands sent with the /R option.
9. You can recall and edit previous commands by pressing <Ctrl+A>. FCD-E1L stores the last 10 commands in a special buffer, and each <Ctrl+A> pressing retrieves the previous command from that buffer. The retrieved command appears on the command line, and can be edited as desired. 10. Press <Ctrl+D> to execute again the last command. 11. If an idle disconnect time-out is specified, FCD-E1L automatically disconnects the ongoing session if no command is received from the terminal for the specified time-out interval. 12. If you enter an invalid command, FCD-E1L does not execute it and displays the following: If the command is not valid in the current system configuration, or the values you are trying to set are incorrect, FCD-E1L displays an appropriate error message. For a list of configuration error messages, refer to Configuration Error Messages in Chapter 6. If the command syntax is incorrect, FCD-E1L displays the following message:
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
3-7
Chapter 3 Operation
Bad command or parameter. Type h for help In this case you must enter the correct command. 13. If the terminal screen fills up during the exchange with the FCD-E1L, it displays the following message: HIT SPACEBAR TO CONTINUE After pressing the spacebar, the terminal scrolls to the next page.
Troubleshooting Command Entry

If FCD-E1L does not respond to any command entered at the terminal, this may be caused by one of the following: CONTROL DCE communication parameters are not identical to those of the terminal. FCD-E1L is configured to use a protected password.
In the first case, set the DEF PAR section of the S1 DIP switch to ON. This will enforce the default communication parameters, and you will then be able to start the communication session. If you see the 'PASSWORD>' prompt followed by the asterisks instead of the command you entered, this means that FCD-E1L requires you to enter a password. Press <Enter> and enter the password. If you dont know the password, set section PASSWORD of the S1 DIP switch to ON, to enforce the default password RAD, then turn off the unit, turn it on again, type RAD and press <Enter>. Now, the FCD-E1L working prompt appears and you can start the session.
Starting a Session with Multiple FCD-E1L Units

When one terminal is used to control several FCD-E1L units connected via modems or a multidrop management cable, node addresses are assigned to each FCD-E1L. The node addresses, in the range of 1 through 255, are assigned during the first session, by means of the command DEF NODE. Use the following procedure to establish a session with a specific FCD-E1L.
Note
If you are using a multidrop configuration, do not assign address 0 to any of the FCD-E1L units connected to this terminal.
1. Press the <Enter> key three times. 2. Type NODE, space, the desired FCD-E1L node address and another space then type the desired command and press <Enter>. For example, with node address 234, type: NODE<SP>234<SP> command <Enter> 3. If the addressed FCD-E1L does not use password protection, it will immediately execute the command. 4. If the addressed FCD-E1L is password protected, you will see the prompt: PASSWORD>
3-8
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 3 Operation
5. Type the case-sensitive password and press <Enter>. You again see: PASSWORD> 6. Type NODE, space, the desired FCD-E1L node address and another space then type the desired command and press <Enter>. For example, with node address 234, type: NODE<SP>234<SP> command <Enter>
Ending a Control Session

You can end the control session in one of the following three ways: Disconnect the cable from the FCD-E1L front-panel CONTROL DCE connector. Send the EXIT command from the supervisory terminal (for Telnet sessions, use BYE). FCD-E1L automatically disconnects the ongoing session if no commands are received for a certain period of time (controlled by the LOG_OFF parameter). You can, however, disable this timeout. For Telnet sessions, the disconnect interval is determined by the Telnet apathy time.
After the session is ended, it is necessary to enter the correct password again to start a new session (if the password was enabled).
Note
A control session may also be terminated by the FCD-E1L when the terminal DTR line switches to the inactive (OFF) state.
3.6
Working with SNMP Management
The FCD-E1L system includes an SNMP agent that can communicate out-of-band and/or inband through the dedicated management router of the FCD-E1L system. To permit SNMP management, you must configure and enable the SNMP agent. Appendix B provides information on the required parameters. A basic management topology is shown in Figure 3-2. In this example, a network management station is attached to an Ethernet LAN. A remote access LAN extender, MBE-RAS/A, is located near the managed equipment (e.g., FCD-E1L, MEGAPLEX-2100(*), etc.), and its serial ports are connected via cables to the serial port of the FCD-E1L CONTROL DCE connector using the SLIP protocol. The MBE-RAS extender can connect up to 8 FCD-E1L devices to one management system.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
3-9
Chapter 3 Operation
LAN
To CONTROL Connectors of Managed Equipment
....
Serial Ports
MBE/RAS/A
Figure 3-2. Basic Management Topology Using Network Management Station Attached to LAN
The dedicated management traffic routers of the FCD-E1L systems, and of the other RAD equipment, are able to determine network topology in accordance with the capabilities of the routing algorithm, without requiring the user to provide a priori topology information on the network. Moreover, the routing algorithm also supports automatic switching to an alternate route in case the currently selected route fails. The dedicated router operates on the inband traffic; you can also enable the routing of out-of-band traffic.
Combining Inband and Out-of-Band Management Capabilities

The advanced capabilities of the FCD-E1L SNMP agents allow easy integration of the FCD-E1L system in wide-area managed communication systems. Its capabilities support any practical communication network topology, as illustrated in the example shown in Figure 3-3. In Figure 3-3, the network management station attached to the FCD-E1L system can manage, using inband communication over the user-selected links, all the units (another FCD-E1L unit, and several Megaplex-2100 units), connected to the remote ends of the corresponding links. Thus, an entire wide-area network can be managed by means of a network management station connected to any FCD-E1L unit (or to any of the other RAD equipment, which supports SNMP management).
Remote Management using Telnet over IP

The FCD-E1L system supports the Telnet communication protocol, which enables any IP host to access the FCD-E1L system supervision facility using TCP/IP communication. The Telnet user has access to the same command-line interface that is available to the user of a supervision terminal, however it uses the management topologies described above for SNMP.
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FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0

MEGAPLEX System 5
Chapter 3 Operation
SP-DTE To Other Systems SP-DCE
MEGAPLEX System 4
FCD-E1L
SP-DCE
DXC-30
Remote Communication Node
DXC-30
Main Link
FCD-E1L Network Management Station
Figure 3-3. Extended Management Topology Using Network Management Stations
Prevention of Access Conflicts

The FCD-E1L system has a dedicated mechanism that prevents access conflicts when more than one management mode is active.
Table 3-3 lists FCD-E1L response to multiple-access conditions. Table 3-3. Handling of Management Access Conflicts
Type of First Access Response to Second Access Telnet Inband Message Message Disconnec ts the terminal Telnet Out-of-Band Ignored Ignored Not possible Supervision Terminal Message Ignored Ignored
Telnet Inband Telnet Out-of-Band Supervision Terminal
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
3-11
Chapter 3 Operation
Supervisory Terminal Characteristics

Any standard ASCII terminal (dumb terminal or personal computer emulating an ASCII terminal) equipped with a V.24/RS-232 communication interface can be used to control FCD-E1L operation.
Telnet (IP) Host Characteristics

Typically, the Telnet host is a PC with the appropriate suite of TCP/IP protocols, or a UNIX station. The Telnet host can be directly connected to the managed FCD-E1L unit, or located at any site from which IP communication can be established to the managed FCD-E1L.
Control Port Interface Characteristics

FCD-E1L has a V.24/RS-232 asynchronous DCE port, designated CONTROL DCE and terminated in a 9-pin D-type female connector. The control port continuously monitors the incoming data stream and will immediately respond to any input string received through this port; moreover, when configured to support SLIP, messages in each of the supported protocols are automatically identified and processed. The supervisory terminal can be connected to the FCD-E1L control port (the CONTROL DCE connector) either directly or through a modem or any other type of full-duplex data link. For direct connection to the control port, use a straight-through cable. For connection to the control port through a modem or data link, use a cross cable (also called null modem cable).
FCD-E1L can communicate with the supervision terminal or modem at rates of 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 or 19200 bps. The word format consists of one start bit, 7 or 8 data bits, and one stop bit. Parity can be odd, even or disabled. Always make sure the communication interfaces of the terminal/modem and the FCD-E1L are configured for operation with the same parameters.
Modems
The CONTROL DCE port also supports the connection of a remote supervision terminal through a modem link: in this case, configure the port interface as DTE. For connection to a modem, you need a cross cable (also called null modem cable). Error! Bookmark not defined. in Appendix A presents wiring information for various types of cables. FCD-E1L supports two types of modems: Dial-up Hayes compatible modems. FCD-E1L has call-in and call-out capabilities; that is, it can accept external calls and initiate calls in order to report alarms. Multidrop modems, such as the RAD SRM-8 miniature multidrop modem.
3-12
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 3 Operation
Control Port Handshaking Protocol with Supervision Terminals

The handshaking between the FCD-E1L and the supervision terminal uses the control lines in the CONTROL DCE supervisory port connector. Since the interface mode is selected by software, the direction of the interface signals is the same in both the DCE and DTE mode, and a cross-cable is required for the DTE mode. The control lines in DCE and DTE modes and the direction of the control signals are detailed in Table 3-4.
Table 3-4. Control Port Handshaking Protocol

Control Line Interface Type DCE CTS DCD DSR DTR RI RTS Out Out Out In Not Used In DTE Not Used Out Out In In In
Data Terminal Ready (DTR)

The terminal sets the DTR line ON (active) to gain control over FCD-E1L and start a configuration/monitoring session. When you end the terminal control connection, the DTR line goes OFF (becomes inactive).
Request to Send (RTS)

The RTS line is normally ON (active) when the supervisory terminal is in session. When the RTS line is OFF (inactive), FCD-E1L interprets any data received from the terminal on the TD line as MARK.
Clear to Send (CTS)

The state of the CTS line is determined by the CTS parameter: ON The CTS line is always ON (active). =RTS The CTS line follows the RTS line.
Ring Indication (RI)

The RI line is used only with dial-up modems (INT=DTE). The RI line is normally OFF (inactive), and switches to the ON (active) state when the modem attached to the FCD-E1L front-panel CONTROL DCE connector detects an incoming call, refer to Data Set Ready (DSR), below.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
3-13
Chapter 3 Operation
Data Set Ready (DSR)

Usually, the DSR line is configured to track the DTR line. In this case, if the control port interface is DTE, the DSR line will be set to ON for five seconds when the RI line is ON while the DTR line is OFF. If the control port interface is DCE, the DSR line can also be configured to be continuously ON. However, if the DTR line switches to OFF, the DSR line will also switch to OFF for 5 seconds.
In addition, FCD-E1L always sets DSR OFF (inactive) for 5 seconds when the EXIT command is executed or the disconnect time-out expires.
AUTOBAUD Function
When the AUTOBAUD function is enabled, FCD-E1L identifies the operating data of the supervisory terminal by analyzing the timing of three consecutive Enter + Line Feed characters (generated by pressing three times the <Enter> key). The detected data rate is then used for the current communication session. The automatic baud rate identification procedure is performed (or repeated) whenever three consecutive <Enter>s are received after one of the following events occurs: The DTR line has been switched off. The EXIT command has been executed. The idle disconnect timeout expired because no data has been exchanged with the supervisory terminal. In case one of these events occurred, FCD-E1L assumes that the current communication session has been terminated.
Note
You must disable the AUTOBAUD function if you intend to use SLIP communication.
3.7
FCD-E1L Command Language
This section presents the FCD-E1L command options and the index of commands.
Command Options
Table 3-5 lists general types of options, which are available with some commands. See details in the explicit command set index, Table 3-6.
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FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 3 Operation
Table 3-5. Command Options

Option /A Meaning All Example of Usage CLR ALM /A Clears all the alarms stored by the alarm buffer DSP BERT /C Display BERT results and clear the BER counter DSP PM /CA Display the performance monitoring counters, and then clear (reset to 0) all the counters DSP BERT CH 1 /I
/C /CA
Clear Clear all
/I /R
Start the injection of errors
Repeat automatically DSP BERT CH 1 /R command execution. Available Enables you to monitor the updated results of the bit error only when node address is 0; rate test being run on the data channel of the FCD-E1L not available with Telnet Stop the injection of errors DSP BERT CH 1 /S
/S
Index of Commands
Table 3-6 lists the explicit command set in alphabetical order. For a full description
of the FCD-E1L command set, refer to Appendix D.
Table 3-6. FCD-E1L Command Set Index

Command BYE CLR ALM CLR CLR CLR CLR CLR CLR CLR CLR CLR LP LP LP LP LP LP LP LP LP LOC ANA ML REM ANA ML LOC DIG ML LOC CH 1 LOC CH 2 REM CH 1 REM CH 2 BERT CH 1 INBAND CH 1 Purpose End current Telnet session Clear alarms stored in the FCD-E1L alarm buffer Clear user-initiated test or loopback. /A Options
DATE DEF AGENT DEF ALM MASK DEF AR DEF BERT CH 1 DEF CALL DEF CH 1, DEF CH 2 FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Set the date for the FCD-E1L internal clock Define the SNMP agent configuration parameters Define the alarms to be masked (ignored) Define the alarm reporting method, and the alarm indications, for each alarm level Define the type of test sequence to be used for BER testing on the data channel Define the dial-out parameters for the dial-out port Configure the parameters of the data channel FCD-E1L Command Language 3-15
Chapter 3 Operation
Command
Purpose
Options
DEF DNLOAD ML DEF MANAGER LIST DEF ML DEF NAME DEF PROMPT DEF NODE DEF PWD DEF ROUTE DEF SP DEF SYS DEF TERM DEF TERM VT100 DEF TERM TV920 DEF TERM VT52 DEF TERM FREEDOM100 DEF TERM FREEDOM220 DSP AGENT DSP ALM DSP BERT CH 1 DSP HDR TST DSP MANAGER LIST DSP PM ML DSP REM AGENT DSP ST CH 1, DSP ST CH 2 DSP ST ML DSP ST SYS DSP TS EXIT F HELP INIT DB LEARN
Define the main link inband management parameters Define or modify the network management stations to which the SNMP agent of this FCD-E1L system will send traps Configure main link parameters Define the logical name of the FCD-E1L Define the supervisory port prompt Define the node number of the FCD-E1L Define a new password Define the network management stations to be statistically routed via the supervisory port Configure supervisory port parameters Configure system parameters Reset the terminal control codes to 0 Select the control codes for one of the standard terminal types
Display the SNMP agent parameters Display the contents of the alarm buffer and optionally clear the buffer /CA Display the results of the last BER measurement made on the data channel Displays hardware test results Display the network management stations to which the SNMP agent of this FCD-E1L system sends traps Display the contents of the main link performance monitoring registers, and optionally clear these registers Display information on the remote SNMP agents handled by the FCD-E1L IP router Display status information on the data channel Display status information on the main link Display system status Display information on the use and type of main link timeslots End the current control session Define control codes for the supervision terminal Displays a concise index of commands and option switches Load the default configuration instead of the users configuration Perform automatic configuration of the E1 parameters /C /C /CA /I /R /S /C
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FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 3 Operation
Command LP LP LP LP LP LP LP LP LP LOC ANA ML REM ANA ML LOC DIG ML LOC CH 1 LOC CH 2 REM CH 1 REM CH 2 BERT CH 1 INBAND CH 1
Purpose Activate a user-controlled test or loopback.
Options
RESET TIME
Reset the FCD-E1L Set the time of the FCD-E1L internal clock
3.8
Turning FCD-E1L Off
To turn FCD-E1L off: Disconnect the FCD-E1L from the power.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Turning FCD-E1L Off
3-17
Chapter 3 Operation
3-18
Turning FCD-E1L Off
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 4 Configuration
4.1

Configuration Sequence
Configure the local FCD-E1L Configure the remote FCD-E1L
4.2
Configuring the Local FCD-E1L
FCD-E1L can work opposite any standard vendors equipment providing E1 or fractional E1 services. This section details procedures for configuring FCD-E1L for a sample application (see Figure 4-1), in which two FCD-E1L units with single data channel are connected via the E1 network. The data rate is 128 kbps, and no management is required.
Figure 4-1. Two FCD-E1Ls Working via E1 Network

In this application, the local FCD-E1L unit has to be configured by a regular configuration procedure. Since no management is involved, you can configure the remote unit by using the E1 learning (autoconfiguration) feature, either via supervision terminal or the front-panel button. To configure the local FCD-E1L from the terminal: 1. Type INIT DB to reset the database to the default parameters. 2. Type DEF TERM VT-100 to define the terminal control codes. 3. Type DEF ML to define the main link parameters: the E1 link interface operating mode (SHORT or LONG), the framing mode (G.732S, G732N or unframed), use of the CRC-4 (YES or NO), and set the idle code. The display after configuration look as follows:
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
4-1
FRAME G732S
CRC-4 YES
SYNC CCITT
RX_GAIN SHORT
IDLE_TS_CODE 00
4. Type DEF CH 1 to define the data channel characteristics. The following line is displayed: SPEED 64 KBPS FIFO_SIZE AUTO CLOCK MODE DCE CTS ON CLOCK_POLARITY NORMAL
5. Change the SPEED to 128 KBPS and then press <Enter> to display the next line. The following line is displayed:
MAP_MODE USER
START_TS N/A
TS_TYPE N/A
6. Press <Enter> to obtain the first line of the data channel timeslot map:
TS TYPE
: :
NO 1 NC
NO 2 NC
NO 3 NC
NO 4 NC
NO 5 NC
NO 6 NC
NO 7 NC
For the first two timeslots, select DATA by pressing <F> or . The display looks as follows:
TS TYPE
: :
NO 1 DATA
NO 2 DATA
NO 3 NC
NO 4 NC
NO 5 NC
NO 6 NC
NO 7 NC
7. Press <Enter> five times to see all the timeslots and end the command. 8. If you are using Telnet, you have to indicate your IP address. To define the SNMP agent parameters, type: DEF AGENT<Enter> You will see the current agent parameters:
OLD AGENT PARAMETERS IP_ADDRESS IS READ COMMUNITY IS WRITE COMMUNITY IS TRAP COMMUNITY IS : : : : = 0.0.0.0 = public = private = public
TELNET_APATHY_TIME 10 MIN
4-2
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
9. Type in your IP address and press <Enter> five times to end the command. A typical display is shown below:
CURRENT AGENT PARAMETERS IP_ADDRESS IS READ COMMUNITY IS WRITE COMMUNITY IS TRAP COMMUNITY IS : : : : = 172.17.191.81 = public = private = public
10. To display the timeslot information, type: DSP TS<Enter> The display is shown below: TS : TYPE : DEST : 01 DATA CH1 02 DATA CH1 03 NC NA 04 NC NA 05 NC NA 06 NC NA 07 NC NA 08 NC NA 09 NC NA 10 NC NA
TS : TYPE : DEST :
11 NC NA
12 NC NA
13 NC NA
14 NC NA
15 NC NA
16 NC NA
17 NC NA
18 NC NA
19 NC NA
20 NC NA
TS : TYPE : DEST :
21 NC NA
22 NC NA
23 NC NA
24 NC NA
25 NC NA
26 NC NA
27 NC NA
28 NC NA
29 NC NA
30 NC NA
31 NC NA
4.3
Configuring the Remote FCD-E1L
When the E1 learning process is activated, FCD-E1L successively configures the E1 link interface operating mode (SHORT), the framing mode (G.732S) and the CRC (ON), and then checks and displays the data carrying timeslots. Any time FCD-E1L detects a sync or signal loss on the E1 link, the process is interrupted and FCD-E1L announces that the process has failed.
Note
The learning process cannot be activated when inband management is activated.

The E1 learning process can be activated via a terminal command or via the AUTO CONFIGURATION button on the FCD-E1L front panel.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
4-3
To configure the remote FCD-E1L from the terminal: 1. Type DEF TERM VT-100 and press <Enter> to define the terminal control codes. 2. Type DEF ML and press <Enter> . Configure the idle code value to match that of the local FCD-E1L. 3. To activate the E1 learning process, type: LEARN<Enter> For a few seconds, the terminal displays the following message: LEARNING E1 PARAMETERS, PLEASE WAIT
Once FCD-E1L has detected the framing and CRC-4 mode of the E1 link, it displays the results in the following form: FRAME = G732S, CRC4 = ON FCD-E1L then detects the data carrying timeslots and displays: DATA TIME SLOTS: 01, 02 Finally FCD-E1L displays the following screen: E1 LEARNING FINISHED SUCCESSFULLY
Note
In parallel, the state of the learning process is indicated by the AUTO CONFIGURATION LED on the front panel.
To configure the remote FCD-E1L E1 learning from the front panel: 1. Open the small lid on the bottom of FCD-E1L to gain access to the DIP switch S2. Set the idle code to match the value set on the local FCD-E1L. The binary value corresponding to FF in hexadecimal notation is 1111 1111. Close the lid. 2. Press the AUTO CONFIGURATION button for 2 seconds. The AUTO CONFIGURATION LED monitors the E1 learning process through its five states described in Table 4-1.
4-4
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Table 4-1. AUTO CONFIGURATION LED States

State OFF Blinking green Permanent green (for 10 sec) Permanent red (for 10 sec) Blinking red (for 10 sec) Indicates that Learning process has not started yet and there is no sync loss on the E1 link Learning is in progress Learning process has succeeded You try to activate E1 learning, while learning is disabled or inband management is active Learning has failed
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
4-5
4-6
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 5 Configuring a Typical Application

This chapter provides detailed instructions for setting up a typical application using one DXC-10A and one FCD-E1L.
5.1
Overview
Application Extended LAN Connection

This application creates an extended LAN connection to enable an out-of-band management connection to DXC-10A. The FCD-E1L IR-ETH/QN interface module includes a high performance selflearning Fast Ethernet bridge that connects to the LAN via a single 10BaseT or 100BaseT port, operating in full- or half-duplex. The IR-ETH/QN interface module also supports IEEE 802.1/P frames and IEEE 802.1/Q frames, enabling VLAN applications. The module automatically learns MAC addresses of the LAN to which it is connected. Its LAN table stores up to 1,024 addresses with 5-minute automatic aging. The WAN port in a DXC with the DHS module is a virtual n 64 port, which is connected to the physical interface via the DXC matrix.
Figure 5-1. Extended LAN Connection
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Overview
5-1
5.2
DXC10A>def port 2 1 MULT 64 INB_MNG NONE MAP_MODE USER TS : 1 CONNECT : YES TS : 11 CONNECT : NO TS : 21 CONNECT : NO TS : 31 CONNECT : NO
Configuring DXC-10A
SPEED 1x64 = 64 ROUTE_PROT NONE START_DEST_TS 01 2 NO 12 NO 22 NO 3 NO 13 NO 23 NO
FIFO_SIZE AUTO
CLK_MODE DCE
CTS ON
DEST_PORT 01:02 4 NO 14 NO 24 NO 5 NO 15 NO 25 NO 6 NO 16 NO 26 NO 7 NO 17 NO 27 NO 8 NO 18 NO 28 NO 9 NO 19 NO 29 NO 10 NO 20 NO 30 NO
LED Indicators
The table below lists the IR-ETH/QN rear-panel LED indicators and describes their functions.
LED LINK ACT 100M Color Green Yellow Green Description ON LAN link is ON ON or blinking LAN is receiving data ON LAN is operating at 100 Mbps OFF LAN is operating at 10 Mbps Location Connector Connector Panel
DXC10A>UPD DB To verify the connection use the command DSP CON 1 2. In order to mange the DXC remotely we will need to assign the DXC an IP address.
5-2
Configuring DXC-10A
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
DXC10A>def agent OLD AGENT PARAMETERS -------------------IP ADDRESS IS SUBNET MASK IS DEFAULT GATEWAY IS READ COMMUNITY IS WRITE COMMUNITY IS TRAP COMMUNITY IS TELNET_APATHY_TIME 10 MIN IP ADDRESS 999.999.999.999 SUBNET MASK 999.999.999.999 DEFAULT GATEWAY 999.999.999.999 SNMP READ COMMUNITY SNMP WRITE COMMUNITY SNMP TRAP COMMUNITY CURRENT AGENT PARAMETERS -----------------------IP ADDRESS IS : = SUBNET MASK IS : = DEFAULT GATEWAY IS : = READ COMMUNITY IS : = WRITE COMMUNITY IS : = TRAP COMMUNITY IS : = Data Base Configuration 172.017.191.081 255.255.255.000 001.001.001.001 public private public was changed, enter UPD DB to activate. : : : : : : = = = = = = 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.000 1.1.1.1 public private public
172.17.191.81 255.255.255.0 1.1.1.1
In order to save the configuration use the UPD DB command. DXC10A>UPD DB In order to activate the new IP, we need to reset the DXC . Please use the command reset to enforce reset. DXC10A>reset WARNING !!! ----------You are going to Reset DXC10A. Are you sure (Y/N) ? Y
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Configuring DXC-10A
5-3
5.3
Configuring FCD-E1L
System Configuration
1. Connect the ASCII terminal to FCD-E1L and type: <def term vt100> 2. Type, Time and fill in the current parameters. 3. Type, Date and fill in the current parameters. FCD>DEF SYS CLK_MASTER ML CLK_FBACK NONE DATE_FORMAT YYYY-MM-DD LEARNING_MODE ENABLE
FCD>DEF ML FRAME G732N CRC-4 NO SYNC CCITT RX_GAIN SHORT IDLE_TS_CODE 00
FCD>DEF CH 1 SPEED 64 KBPS MAP_MODE USER TS : FIFO_SIZE AUTO START_TS N/A NO NC NO NC CLOCK_MODE DCE CTS N/A CLOCK_POLARITY NORMAL
TS_TYPE N/A 2 NO NC 3 NO NC 4 NO NC 5 NO NC 6 NO NC 7
NO 1 DATA NO NC 8
TS
NO 10 NC NO 17 NC NO 24 NC NO 31 NC
NO 11 NC NO 18 NC NO 25 NC
TS
TS
TS
5-4
Configuring FCD-E1L
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Chapter 6 Troubleshooting and Diagnostics

This chapter describes the FCD-E1L diagnostic functions, which include: Monitoring performance Detecting errors Troubleshooting
6.1
Monitoring Performance
The performance evaluation and monitoring functions provided by the FCD-E1L for the main link are an important tool for testing and troubleshooting the communication link. This section describes the performance evaluation and monitoring functions. When the CRC-4 option is enabled, it is possible to monitor end-to-end the data transmission performance. The error detection information is derived from the data payload, by performing a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). The resulting CRC checksum is transmitted in addition to the raw data bits. The receiving end recalculates the checksum and compares the results with the received checksum: any difference between the two checksums indicates that one or more bit errors are contained in the current data block being evaluated. When the CRC-4 option is disabled, most of parameters available with the CRC-4 option enabled are available as well, but some of them are calculated in a different way. The performance data can be displayed on the supervision terminal by means of the DSP PM ML command, as explained in Appendix D. Performance monitoring parameters are shown in Table 6-1. By adding the /CA switch to the command, you can reset all the performance diagnostics registers.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
6-1
Table 6-1. Performance Monitoring Parameters

Display CURRENT ES Name Current errored seconds Description CRC-4 enabled: An errored second is any second containing one or more CRC error events, or one or more OOF events, or one or more AIS events, or one or more controlled slip events. CRC-4 disabled: An errored second is any second containing one or more BPV events, or one or more OOF events, or one or more AIS events, or one or more controlled slip events. In both cases, the data is collected for the current 15-minute interval. CURRENT UAS Current unavailable seconds An unavailable second is any second in which a failed signal state exists. A failed signal state is declared when 10 consecutive severely errored seconds (SES) occur, and is cleared after 10 consecutive seconds of data are processed without a SES. CRC-4 enabled: A SES is a second with 832 or more CRC error events, or one or more OOF events. CRC-4 disabled: A SES is a second with 2048 or more BPV events. In both cases, the data is collected for the current 15-minute interval. CURRENT BES Current bursty errored seconds CRC-4 enabled: A BES is a second with 2 to 319 CRC error events and no AIS events. The data is collected for the current 15-minute interval. CRC-4 disabled: not relevant. CURRENT LOFC Current loss of frame counter Current line errored seconds Current severely errored framing seconds Current degraded minutes The loss of frame (LOF) counter counts the loss of frame alignment events. The data is collected for the current 15-minute interval. A line errored second is a second in which one or more Line Code Violation events were detected. The data is collected for the current 15-minute interval. A severely errored framing second is a second with 320 or more OOF events or one or more AIS event. The data is collected for the current 15-minute interval. The total number of degraded minutes in the current 15minute interval. A degraded minute is a minute in which the BPV events rate ranges between 110 and 110 . This number is updated every minute.
-3 -6
CURRENT SES
Current severely errored seconds
CURRENT LES
CURRENT SEFS
CURRENT DM
CURRENT CSS CURRENT TIMER 24 HOUR ES
Current slip second counter
A CSS is a second with one or more controlled slip events. The data is collected for the current 15-minute interval. Seconds elapsed from the start of interval counting.
Long-term errored The total number of ES in the current 24-hour interval. seconds
6-2
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Display 24 HOUR UAS 24 HOUR SES
Name Long-term fail seconds Long-term severely errored seconds Long-term bursty errored seconds Long-term line errored seconds Long-term severely errored framing seconds Long-term loss of frame counter Long-term line errored seconds Long-term severely errored framing seconds Long-term loss of frame counter Long-term slip second counter
Description The total number of UAS in the current 24-hour interval. The total number of SES in the current 24-hour interval.
24 HOUR BES 24 HOUR LES 24 HOUR SEFS
The total number of BES in the current 24-hour interval. The total number of LES in the current 24-hour interval. The total number of SEFS in the current 24-hour interval.
24 HOUR LOFC 24 HOUR LES 24 HOUR SEFS
The total number of LOF events in the current 24-hour interval. The total number of LES in the current 24-hour interval. The total number of SEFS in the current 24-hour interval.
24 HOUR LOFC 24 HOUR CSS 24 DEGRADE MIN LAST 24 DEGRADE MIN 24 INTERVAL BPV LAST MINUTE BPV WORST MINUTE
The total number of LOF events in the current 24-hour interval. The total number of CSS in the current 24-hour interval.
Long-term The total number of degraded minutes in the last 24-hour degraded minutes interval. This number is updated every minute. Last degraded minutes The total number of degraded minutes in the previous 24hour interval. This number is updated every 24 hours.
Long-term interval The number of valid 15-minute intervals in the previous 24-hour period. The number of BPV events detected in the last minute. The number of BPV events detected during the worst minute since the last time the counters were cleared.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
6-3
6.2
Detecting Errors
During power-up, FCD-E1L automatically performs a power-on self-test, to test critical circuit functions. LEDs light in a predefined order and then turn off. If a problem is detected during self-test, FCD-E1L automatically sends reports to the supervision terminal. If the self-test is successfully completed, FCD-E1L starts normal operation, and its front-panel indicators display the link status, as explained in Controls and Indicators in Chapter 1.
6.3
Alarm Display
Handling Alarms
FCD-E1L maintains an alarm buffer that can store up to 100 alarm messages. FCD-E1L displays alarm messages on the supervision terminal. Alarms can be of two types, designated as ON/OFF and ON: An ON/OFF-type alarm is displayed only when the alarm condition is present, and is automatically removed when the condition is cleared (if the alarm is being displayed, it will disappear only when the display is refreshed by scrolling). An ON-type alarm persists even after the event that caused the alarm condition is cleared.
This manual uses the term ON-state alarm. An ON-state alarm is either an ON-type alarm or an ON/OFF-type alarm when its alarm condition is still present. When an ON/OFF-type alarm changes its state from ON to OFF, it is not removed from the alarm buffer. Moreover, a new entry of this alarm is added to the alarm buffer. This feature enables you to view the alarm history on the terminal using the DSP ALM command. A typical display looks like this: ALARM 21 ALARM 25 SIGNAL LOSS LOCAL SYNC LOSS ON ON 01:42:11 01:45:14 2001-01-01 2001-01-01
Table 6-2 presents in alphabetical order the alarm messages displayed on the
FCD-E1L control terminal, and lists the actions required to correct the alarm condition.
6-4
Handling Alarms
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Working with Alarm Buffer

You can display the active alarms from the supervisory terminal. To display the active alarms: Type DSP ALM. The terminal displays up to 100 alarms stored in the buffer, listing for each alarm its number, alarm itself, its state (ON or OFF) the time and the date when the last change in its state occurred. To clear the alarm buffer: Type CLR ALM/A or DSP ALM/CA. For more details, see description of the corresponding command in Appendix D.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Handling Alarms
6-5
Table 6-2. FCD-E1L Alarm Messages

Terminal Message Alarm Number 23 24 Description Corrective Actions Severity Type
AIS OCCURED
AIS is being detected on the link Local loss of frame synchronization alarm on the main link, caused by AIS condition More than 100 alarms entries have been written in the alarm buffer since the last clear command Bipolar violations in the main link receive signal. Updated once per second FCD-E1L technical failure (baud rate generator of the corresponding data channel failed)
Problem at the equipment connected to the remote end of the link Problem at the equipment connected to the remote end of the link Read the messages, and then send the CLR ALM /A (CA) command from the supervision terminal Have the main link checked. Perform the power-up self-test and replace the FCD-E1L if a failure is detected Replace the FCD-E1L
MAJOR MAJOR
ON/OFF ON/OFF
AIS SYNC LOSS
ALARM BUFFER OVERFLOW
04
MINOR
ON
BPV ERROR
30
MINOR
ON
BRG FAILURE
33
MAJOR
ON/OFF
CLOCK WAS CHANGED TO FALLBACK
07
The FCD-E1L switched to the fallback Check the master clock source. A clock source is clock source, because the master clock replaced as a result of failure under the following source failed conditions: 1. 2. ML fails during local loss of frame synchronization on the main link CH1 or CH2 fails when the data channel equipment is disconnected or inoperative (DTR line not asserted) Check the two clock sources. Perform the power-up self-test and replace the FCD-E1L if a failure is detected
MINOR
ON
CLOCK WAS CHANGED TO INTERNAL
08
The FCD-E1L switched to the internal 1. clock source, because both the master 2. and the fallback clock sources failed
MINOR
ON
6-6
Handling Alarms
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Terminal Message
Alarm Number 09
Description
Corrective Actions
Severity Type
CLOCK WAS CHANGED TO MASTER
The FCD-E1L switched back to the clock source selected as the master source CRC-4 errors detected in the main link receive signal. Updated once per second Local loss of synchronization to the CRC-4 multiframe on the main link (only on E1 port operating with CRC-4 enabled) FCD-E1L technical failure (the database currently stored in the nonvolatile memory of FCD-E1L is corrupted)
Normal state no action required
MINOR
ON
CRC-4 ERROR
32
1. 2. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2.
Have the link checked. Perform the power-up self-test and replace the FCD-E1L if a failure is detected Check cable connections to the port connector. Check line and/or other communication equipment providing the link to the remote unit. Replace the FCD-E1L unit. Use the supervision terminal to enter the INIT DB command. Turn the FCD-E1L off for a few minutes, and then turn it back on and read the alarm messages generated during the power-up self-test. Replace the FCD-E1L if a failure is detected Remove FCD-E1L cover. Set section 2 on DIP switch S1 to OFF.
MINOR
ON
CRC MF ALARM
60
MINOR
ON
DATABASE CHECKSUM ERROR
11
MAJOR
ON/OFF
DB-INIT SWITCH IS ON
06
Section 2, DB-INIT, of DIP switch S1 is set to ON (the changes made to the database will be lost if the unit is turned off or reset). The call attempts to the alternate dial-out number failed
1. 2.
MINOR
ON
DIAL-OUT ALTERNATE 16 CALL FAILED
If the number is not busy, check the modem connected MAJOR to the CONTROL DCE connector. If the called number is often busy, you may also increase the number of call retries Check the modem connected to the CONTROL DCE connector. If the called numbers are often busy, you may also increase the number of call retries MAJOR
ON
DIAL-OUT CYCLE FAILED
10
The current cycle of call attempts failed
ON
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Handling Alarms
6-7
Terminal Message
Alarm Number 15
Description
Corrective Actions
Severity Type
DIAL-OUT PRIMARY CALL FAILED
The call attempts to the primary dialout number failed
If the number is not busy, check the modem connected MAJOR to the CONTROL DCE connector. If the called number is often busy, you may also increase the number of call retries Check and change as required MAJOR
ON
DUPLICATE NAME IN THE NETWORK
38
Another node in the network uses the FCD-E1L logical name. This prevents SNMP management The rate of bipolar violations in the main link receive signal exceeds 1 10 during a measurement interval of 1000 seconds
-6
ON/OFF
EXCESSIVE BPV
22
1. 2.
Problem in the network facilities used by the main link. Turn the FCD-E1L off for a few minutes, and then turn it back on and read the alarm messages generated during the power-up self-test. Replace the FCD-E1L if a failure is detected Problem in the network facilities used by the main link. Turn the FCD-E1L off for a few minutes, and then turn it back on and read the alarm messages generated during the power-up self-test. Replace the FCD-E1L if a failure is detected Incorrect selection of master clock source Problem at far end (unstable clock source) Replace the FCD-E1L only if steps 1 and 2 do not correct the problem.
MAJOR
ON/OFF
EXECIVE ERR RATIO
31
The bit error rate of the link receive signal exceeds 1 10

-3
1. 2.
MAJOR
ON/OFF
FRAME SLIP
29
Frame slips are detected on the main link. Updated once per second.
1. 2. 3.
MAJOR
ON
Note:This alarm message is not displayed during local loss of frame synchronization.
HARDWARE FAILURE 05 42 Technical failure in one of the internal programmable components The Ethernet interface is not connected to an operating LAN
Replace the FCD-E1L Check the cable connecting the LAN, the LAN media, and check that at least one station is active on the LAN
MAJOR MAJOR
ON/OFF ON/OFF
LINK INTEGRITY ERROR
6-8
Handling Alarms
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Terminal Message
Alarm Number 26
Description
Corrective Actions
Severity Type
LOCAL MF ALARM
1. Local loss of multiframe synchronization alarm on the main link 2.
Check that the correct framing mode is used at the local and remote ends. Perform the corrective actions listed for LOCAL SYNC LOSS. Check cable connections to the link connector. Check line and/or other communication equipment providing the link to the remote FCD-E1L Replace the FCD-E1L
MAJOR
ON/OFF
LOCAL SYNC LOSS
25
Local loss of frame synchronization alarm on the main link
1. 2. 3.
MAJOR
ON/OFF
LOOP INBAND ON
35
An inband activated loopback is now connected on the data channel The FCD-E1L cannot communicate with the network management station. This may indicate incorrect setup of the management port parameters, a problem on the communication path, or a hardware failure
If the loopback is no longer needed, disconnect it 1. 2. 3. 4. Correct the parameters. Check for disconnection. Check for hardware failure. Check the management communication path
MAJOR MAJOR
ON ON/OFF
MANAGEMENT PORT IS 37 DOWN
MANAGEMENT PORT IS 36 LOOPED
The management port receives its own Find the location of the loopback and request messages (this could be caused by a disconnection test loopback on the communication path used for SNMP management or on the management port). Management is not possible while this condition is present Section PASSWORD of switch S1 is set to ON If it is no longer necessary to enforce the default password and node number, return the switch to OFF
MAJOR
ON/OFF
PSWRD SWITCH IS ON 12 01
MINOR MAJOR
ON ON
REAL TIME CLOCK BATTERY FAILURE
Have the FCD-E1L repaired. The internal battery that powers the FCD-E1L internal real-time clock while the FCD-E1L is not powered has failed.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Handling Alarms
6-9
Terminal Message
Alarm Number 27
Description
Corrective Actions
Severity Type
REMOTE MF ALARM
Remote loss of multiframe synchronization alarm on the main link. Remote loss of frame synchronization alarm on the main link.
Problem at the remote equipment.
MAJOR
ON/OFF
REMOTE SYNC LOSS
28
Problem at the remote equipment. Perform the following checks on the remote equipment: 1. 2. 3. Check cable connections to the link connector. Check line and/or other communication equipment providing the link to the remote equipment. Replace the equipment.
MAJOR
ON/OFF
RTS/CONTROL IS OFF 43 17 34
Indicates that the RTS signal on the DTE unit is off. A problem has been detected during FCD-E1L self-test.
Set the RTS signal on the DTE unit to ON state. Replace the FCD-E1L. Check the clock mode of the corresponding data channel. Turn the FCD-E1L off for a few minutes, and then turn it back on and read the alarm messages generated during the power-up self-test. Replace the FCD-E1L if a failure is detected. Check cable connections to the link connector. Check line and/or other communication equipment providing the link to the remote unit. Perform the power-up self-test and replace the FCD-E1L if a failure is detected.
MAJOR MAJOR MAJOR
ON/OFF ON/OFF ON
SELF TEST ERROR
SFIFO SLIP
Technical problem (FIFO 1. overflow/underflow), usually caused by differences in clock rates. 2.
SIGNAL LOSS
21
Loss of main link port receive signal.
1. 2. 3.
MAJOR
ON/OFF
SP-PAR SWITCH IS ON
13
Section DEF PAR of DIP switch S1 is set If this setting is no longer required, return the switch to ON section to OFF.
MINOR
ON
6-10
Handling Alarms
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Configuration Error Messages

If FCD-E1L detects a configuration mismatch, it displays an appropriate configuration error message on the supervision terminal. The configuration error messages have the format ERROR, followed by a numeric code and a short description of the error message after the error code. Table 6-3 lists the configuration error messages in order of their codes and explains each of them.
Table 6-3. FCD-E1L Configuration Error Messages

Error Code ERROR 000 Terminal Message and Description MASTER AND FALLBACK CLOCK ARE THE SAME You are trying to select the same source as both master and fallback clock source. Check and change as required. ERROR 001 INVALID MASTER CLOCK SOURCE The channel you are trying to select as the master clock source is either not connected, or its clock mode is not DTE2. Check and change as required. ERROR 002 INVALID FALLBACK CLOCK SOURCE The channel you are trying to select as the fallback clock source is either not connected, or its clock mode is not DTE2 Check and change as required. ERROR 003 ILLEGAL DCD DELAY AND INTERFACE COMBINATION You are trying to select a non-zero DCD DELAY after the FCD-E1L supervisory port interface has been set as DCE. ERROR 004 CONFLICT IN INTERFACE AND DSR PARAMETERS You selected DSR=ON after the supervisory port interface has been set to DTE. The DSR=ON selection is valid only for DCE interface. ERROR 005 TIMESLOT 16 OF E1-G732S FRAME IS MAPPED You are trying to select the G732S framing mode while timeslot 16 is assigned to one of the data channels or dedicated to inband management. Free timeslot 16 before selecting the G732S framing. ERROR 006 CHANNEL SPEED NOT MATCH OPEN NUMBER OF TS The number of timeslots currently allocated to the data channel is not equal to the number of timeslots required to support the nominal data rate configured. Either increase the number of timeslots, or reduce the channel data rate. ERROR 007 FCD IN LOOP CANT UPDATE HARDWARE When a test or loopback is active, it is not possible to change the FCD-E1L operating mode in accordance with the updated configuration parameters. You may see this message either after pressing ENTER, or after a update data base command has been received through the supervisory port (or inband management). You must first deactivate the test or loopback.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Handling Alarms
6-11
Error Code ERROR 008
Terminal Message and Description CONFLICT BETWEEN CLOCK MODE AND FIFO SIZE You are trying to select the DCE or DTE1 clock mode when the FIFO size is not AUTO. A specific FIFO size can be selected only for the DTE2 mode. Select AUTO.
ERROR 009
IILEGAL TIME SLOT ALLOCATION At least one of the main link timeslots is assigned to more than one data channel. Check the timeslot assignment for each channel, with particular attention to automatic assignment (SEQ mode).
ERROR 010
TIME-SLOT OUT OF RANGE When using the SEQ or ALT mapping mode, the sum of the number of timeslots requested for the data channel and the number of starting timeslot exceeds 31. Check and change as required.
ERROR 011
ILLEGAL UNFRAMED CONFIGURATION You cannot configure the unframed mode in the following cases: either there are main link timeslots connected to ports, or CH 2 is of the RS-232 type.
ERROR 012
ILLEGAL SPEED FOR AUXILIARY DEVICE The AUTO (Autobaud) mode cannot be selected when the supervisory port is to support the SLIP protocol (AUX DEV parameter is set to SLIP-NMS).
ERROR 013
WRONG IP ADDRESS The syntax of the IP address is incorrect. The IP address must be entered in the dotted-quad format (four numbers in the range of 0 through 255, separated by periods).
ERROR 015
TWO OR MORE MANAGERS WITH SAME IP ADDRESS Check that each network management station has a different IP address.
ERROR 016
DEDICATE TIME-SLOT IS MAPPED The timeslot you are trying to select for use as the dedicated inband management timeslot on the main link is already assigned. Check and change as required.
ERROR 017
ILLEGAL DOWNLOAD CONFIGURATION You are trying to enable downloading while using the UNFRAME mode When using the UNFRAME mode, you must disable downloading.
WARNING 018
CONFLICT BETWEEN SYSTEM CLK AND CHANNEL CLK A data channel is configured to use the clock mode DTE2, but the master clock source is not configured to use that channel. Check and change as required.
ERROR 019
DEDICATE TIME-SLOT IS NOT MAPPED The protocol selected for inband management requires the use of dedicated timeslot, but no timeslot has been assigned to management on the main link.
ERROR 020
LEARNING IN PROGRESS, UPDATE DB IS ILLEGAL You are trying to activate the UPDATE DB command while E1 learning process is in progress.
ERROR 021
FIFO SIZE TOO SMALL When selecting the FIFO size manually, you can select only a size which exceeds the default FIFO size for the corresponding rate. Increase the FIFO size.
6-12
Handling Alarms
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Error Code ERROR 022
Terminal Message and Description PORT TYPE AND DTE2 CONFLICT DTE2 clock mode can't be selected for a RS-232 or X.21 channel.
ERROR 023
CHANNEL SPEED EXCEEDS INTERFACE LIMIT The RS-232 interface speed can't exceed 128 kbps (a maximum of two timeslots can be opened).
ERROR 051
ILLEGAL PORT LOOP COMBINATION You are trying to activate an illegal loopback combination (see Allowed Loop Combinations on page 6-20). First deactivate the loopback that is currently active.
ERROR 052
LOOP IS NOT ACTIVE You are trying to deactivate a loopback or test that is not active. Check and change as required.
ERROR 053
CURRENT LOOP ALREADY BEING PERFORMED You are trying to activate a loopback that is already active. Check and change as required.
ERROR 054
ILLEGAL PARAMETER FOR CURENT CONFIGURATION You are trying to configure a parameter which is not supported by this FCD-E1L version.
ERROR 055
LOOP NOT SUPPORTED ON CURRENT FCD TYPE You are trying to activate a loop that is not supported by the FCD-E1L.
ERROR 056
ILLEGAL COMMAND FOR CURRENT PORT MODE You are trying to activate a command that cannot be activated due to current port mode. Check and change as required.
ERROR 057
REPETITIVE MODE CAN'T BE PERFORMED THROUGH TELNET You are trying to use a command with /R option while using Telnet for management. This is not allowed.
ERROR 058
CANT PERFORM LOOP - CHANNEL NOT CONNECTED You are trying to activate a loopback on the data channel while it is not connected.
ERROR 059
ILLEGAL FIELD VALUE The value entered in the specified field is not allowed. Check and correct as required.
WARNING 060
NEW ROUTE ADDRESS WILL BE ACTIVE ONLY AFTER RESET After changing the agent route address, you should reset the unit in order for the system to store the change.
ERROR 062
CAN'T LEARN WHILE INBAND MANAGEMENT IS ENABLED You are trying to activate E1 learning, while inband management is active. Use DEF DNLOAD command to disable inband management.
ERROR 063
NEW DOWNLOAD MODE WILL BE ACTIVE ONLY AFTER RESET To bring into effect the change of the downloading parameter, you have to restart FCD-E1L.
ERROR 064
E1 LEARNING IS DISABLED (USE DEF SYS TO ENABLE) You are trying to activate E1 learning, while it is disabled. Use DEF SYS command to enable E1 learning.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Handling Alarms
6-13
6.4
Troubleshooting
If a problem occurs, check the displayed alarm messages as described in Table 6-2. If the problem cannot be corrected by performing the actions listed in Table 6-2, use Table 6-4 to identify the trouble symptoms. Perform the actions listed under Corrective Measures in the order given in the table, until the problem is corrected.
Table 6-4. Troubleshooting Chart

Trouble Symptoms FCD-E1L is dead Probable Cause 1. No power 2. Blown fuse (AC powered FCD-E1L only) 3. Defective FCD-E1L Local FCD-E1L reports local main link sync loss 1. External problem Corrective Measures Check that both ends of the power cable are connected properly. Disconnect the AC power cable from both ends and replace with fuse of proper rating. Replace the FCD-E1L. Activate the local analog loopback on the main link. Check that the local FCD-E1L LOC SYNC LOSS indicator turns OFF. If the indicator is OFF, the problem is external. Turn the FCD-E1L off for a few minutes, and then turn it back on and read the alarm messages generated during the power-up self-test. Replace the FCD-E1L if a failure is detected. Activate the local loopback on the data channel. Check that the equipment connected to the channel receives its own signal. If not, the problem is external. Turn the FCD-E1L off for a few minutes, and then turn it back on and read the alarm messages generated during the power-up self-test. Replace the FCD-E1L if a failure is detected. If the TST indicator lights, check and disconnect the loopback Check and replace if necessary the cable that connects the FCD-E1L 10BaseT connector to the LAN Disconnect the FCD-E1L from the LAN: if problem disappears, troubleshoot the LAN Turn the FCD-E1L off for a few minutes, and then turn it back on and read the alarm messages generated during the power-up self-test. Replace the FCD-E1L if a failure is detected
2. Defective FCD-E1L
Local user connected to the FCD-E1L data channel cannot communicate with the remote equipment (main link operates normally)
1. External problem
2. Defective FCD-E1L
ERR indicator in Ethernet lights most of the time and LAN cannot operate
1. Loopback connected on the FCD-E1L 2. Cable problem 3. Problem on the LAN 4. Defective FCD-E1L
6-14
Troubleshooting
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Trouble Symptoms LINK indicator in Ethernet version is not lit
Probable Cause 1. No active station on the LAN 2. Cable problem 3. Problem on the LAN 4. Defective FCD-E1L
Corrective Measures Check that at least one station is active on the LAN Check and replace if necessary the cable that connects the FCD-E1L 10BaseT connector to the LAN Check LAN media Turn the FCD-E1L off for a few minutes, and then turn it back on and read the alarm messages generated during the power-up self-test. Replace the FCD-E1L if a failure is detected
6.5
Testing FCD-E1L
The user-controlled test functions of FCD-E1L consist of diagnostic loopback tests. The purpose of these tests is to determine the source of a break in the data flow. By checking a variety of data paths, a series of loopback tests can pinpoint the source of the obstruction of data. This section provides general instructions for running the tests, followed by a description of each test. The test descriptions include the terminal commands for each test. Before executing a test, pay attention to the following: Not all of the loopback combinations are allowed. For the list of allowed and forbidden loopback combinations, refer to Allowed Loop Combinations on page 6-20. If a loopback is already connected, the TEST indicator lights. If you try to connect a loopback while another loopback of the same type is already connected, FCD-E1L displays an error message.
Operating Loopbacks from a Control Terminal

The diagnostic loops can be activated from a control terminal by entering the LP LOC ANA ML, LP REM ANA ML, LP LOC DIG ML, LP LOC CH 1, LP LOC CH 2, LP REM CH 1, LP REM CH 2, LP INBAND CH 1, or LP BERT CH 1 command.
Note
The inband activated loopback and BER testing are not available on channel 2.
For general instructions on entering FCD-E1L commands from a control terminal, refer to Entering Commands on page 3-3 .
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Testing FCD-E1L
6-15
User-Controlled Loopback Tests

The test and loopback functions are described in the following paragraphs. The test functions are identified by the command used to activate the corresponding test/loopback function. No channel loopbacks are available for the Ethernet interface. In addition, main link loopbacks should not be activated on an FCD-E1L with Ethernet interface while the Ethernet interface is connected to the LAN. This would cause a state of permanent collision on the LAN (this would prevent other users from using the LAN as long as the loopback is connected).
Main Link Local Analog Loopback (LP LOC ANA ML)

This loopback is performed by connecting the main link transmit signal to the input of the receive path, as shown in Figure 6-1. The signal provided by the user's equipment connected to the data channel must receive its own transmission.
Local FCD-E1L
User's Equipment Data Channel Processor Main Link
"1"
Figure 6-1. Main Link Local Analog Loopback Note Before connecting this loopback on an FCD-E1L with Ethernet interface, disconnect the LAN cable from the rear panel Ethernet interface.
This test fully checks local FCD-E1L operation and the connections to the local users equipment. During the loopback, the local FCD-E1L sends an unframed all-ones signal to the remote FCD-E1L.
Main Link Remote Analog Loopback (LP REM ANA ML)

Locally performed analog loopback towards the remote equipment. The loopback connects, at the local FCD-E1L, the regenerated receive signal to the transmit input of the main link interface, as shown in Figure 6-2. The signal provided by the user's equipment connected to the data channel of the remote FCD-E1L must receive its own transmission. This test checks the connections to the remote users equipment, all the circuits of the remote FCD-E1L, the main link interface functions of the remote and local FCD-E1L, and the transmission plant connecting the two FCD-E1L.
6-16
Testing FCD-E1L
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Local FCD-E1L
Remote FCD-E1L
Data Channel User's Equipment
Processor
Main Link
Transmission Plant
Main Link
Processor
Figure 6-2. Main Link Remote Analog Loopback
Main Link Local Digital Loopback (LP LOC DIG ML)

This loopback is performed by connecting the E1 digital transmit signal of the main link to the input of the receive path, without passing through the main link line interface. Signal paths are shown in Figure 6-3.
Note
Before connecting this loopback on an FCD-E1L with Ethernet interface, disconnect the LAN cable from the rear panel Ethernet interface.
The signal provided by the equipment connected to the data channel must receive its own transmission. This test checks the digital circuits of the local FCD-E1L (processor section), and the connections to the local users equipment.
Local FCD-E1L
"1"
Processor
Main Link
Figure 6-3. Main Link Local Digital Loopback
Data Channel Local Loopback (LP LOC CH 1, LP LOC CH 2)

Local digital loopback towards the local user users equipment connected to the data channel the loopback is connected, performed by connecting the data channel transmit signal to the input of the receive path, as shown in Figure 6-4. The test signal is provided by the local users equipment, which must receive its own transmission. This test mainly checks the connections to the local users equipment.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Testing FCD-E1L
6-17
Note
When an alarm condition is present on the main link, the receive data is held at MARK. Under these conditions, it is not possible to perform BER measurements when a local channel loopback is connected. If you try to measure BER, the result is invariably errors.
Local FCD-E1L
Data Channel User's Equipment Processor
Main Link
Figure 6-4. Data Channel Local Loopback
Data Channel Remote Loopback (LP REM CH 1, LP REM CH 2)

Local digital loopback towards the remote users equipment connected to the data channel the loopback is connected. Performed by connecting the local data channel receive signal to the data channel transmit input, as shown in Figure 6-5. The test signal is provided by the remote user users equipment, which must receive its own transmission. This test fully checks the user data link, including the cables connecting the remote users equipment to the FCD-E1L, the remote FCD-E1L, the transmission plant connecting the two FCD-E1L and the local FCD-E1L.
Local FCD-E1L
Data Channel User's Equipment Processor
Remote FCD-E1L
Data Channel Processor User's Equipment
Main Link
Transmission Plant
Main Link
Figure 6-5. Data Channel Remote Loopback
Data Channel Inband-Activated Loopback (LP INBAND CH 1)

FCD-E1L supports both reception and transmission of the inband-activated loopback on channel 1. The inband-activated channel loopback can be performed using two sites, Site A (transmitter) and Site B (receiver), and is similar to the data channel remote loopback, except that it is performed on the Site B FCD-E1L, in response to a command entered at the Site A FCD-E1L. The loopback is performed towards the Site A local users equipment connected to the data channel.
6-18
Testing FCD-E1L
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
The remote loopback is activated and deactivated by transmitting special sequences for approximately 2 seconds from Site A unit causing it to enter the TX INBAND state. When an inband loopback pattern is sent by the Site A equipment (connected to the main link of the Site B unit), and the Site B equipment BERT detects this pattern for approximately 2 seconds, a remote loop is initiated on the data channel of the Site B unit, causing it to enter the RX INBAND state. Once the remote data channel loopback is on, the Site B unit BERT tries to match loop deactivation series. You can use a standard inband loop pattern in accordance with the ANSI FT1/FE1 RDL (T1.403) or select a pattern of your own. In the first case (INBAND_LOOP_PATTERN set to RDL), when the LP INBAND CH 1 command is activated, the BERT sends a known polynomial series and initiates a remote data port loopback. On activation of the CLR LP INBAND CH 1 command, the BERT sends the loop deactivation series. In the second case (INBAND_LOOP_PATTERN set to USER_CONFIG), when the LP INBAND CH 1 command is activated, the BERT sends a user-selected pattern consisting of 1 to 8 digits binary string and initiates a remote data port loopback. On activation of the CLR LP INBAND CH 1 command, the BERT sends the loop deactivation pattern, which is user-configured and contains 1 to 8 binary digits as well.
Note
To enable the activation of a remote loopback in response to the reception of the inband loopback command from the remote system you must activate the DEF BERT CH 1 command and set the RX_INBAND parameter to ENABLE.
BER Testing (LP BERT CH 1)

BER testing (available on channel 1 only) can be performed in two ways: For a local test, use one of the local main link loopbacks, or any other loopback that returns the data towards the local users equipment at the desired location along the signal path. To perform the test over the whole link (end-to-end), use the inband activated loopback. Alternately, you can activate the BER test at both ends of the link; if the remote equipment does not support the BER test function, you can also use standard BER test equipment. When the test is made from both ends, make sure to select the same test pattern at both ends of the link. During the test, the local users equipment is disconnected and the DSR line in the data channel connector is switched off (for an FCD-E1L with Ethernet interface, the 10BaseT interface is internally disconnected from the external LAN media). The test signal is provided by an internal pattern generator, which connects the user-selected test sequence to the transmit input of the local data channel interface. To calibrate the system, the user can inject errors at a selectable rate. At the same time, the received signal is connected to a pattern evaluator. The evaluator compares the received and transmitted patterns and detects errors.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Testing FCD-E1L
6-19
The test results are presented on the supervision terminal (see the DSP BERT CH 1 command in Error! Bookmark not defined.).
Ethernet Interface Loopbacks

For an FCD-E1L equipped with the IR-ETH or IR-ETH/QN interfaces, no loopbacks are available for the Ethernet bridge interface. In addition, main link loopbacks should not be activated on an FCD-E1L with Ethernet bridge interface while the Ethernet interface is connected to the LAN. This is because it would cause a state of permanent collision on the LAN (this would prevent other users from using the LAN as long as the loopback is connected). For an FCD-E1L equipped with the Ethernet IP router (IR-IP) interface, a remote loopback can be activated by means of section 4 of its rear panel DIP switch. When section 4 is set to ON, the packets received from the WAN are returned toward the WAN, and the local Ethernet port is disconnected.
Allowed Loop Combinations

Not all of the loopback combinations are allowed. The only two loopbacks that can be simultaneously activated on the main link are Remote Analog and Local Digital. The only two loopbacks that can be simultaneously activated on the data channel are T-inband and BERT. Table 6-5 illustrates legal and illegal combinations of the main link and data channel loopbacks. If you try to activate an illegal loop combination, FCD-E1L sends a configuration error (ERROR 051: ILLEGAL PORT LOOP COMBINATION).
Table 6-5. Main Link and Data Channel Loopbacks Combinations

Data Channel/ Main Link Local analog Local digital Remote analog Local Remote BERT T-Inband R-Inband
Legal Legal Legal
Illegal Illegal Illegal
Legal Legal Illegal
6-20
Testing FCD-E1L
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
6.6
Frequently Asked Questions
Question: Can the E1 learning process be activated while the inband management is activated? Answer: No. The learning process cannot work properly when inband management is activated. The inband management must be defined only after the learning process is finished. Question: Does the FCD-E1L support the Digital Loop (LP REM CH 1) and Analog Loop (LP LOC CH 1) when it is configured for Unframed mode? Answer: No. Question: Does FCD-E1L have a card version? Answer: No. Only the FCD-2L has a card version (FCD-2L/R).
6.7
Technical Support
Technical support for this product can be obtained from the local distributor from whom it was purchased. For further information, please contact the RAD distributor nearest you or one of RAD's offices worldwide. This information can be found at www.rad.com (offices About RAD > Worldwide Offices; distributors Where to Buy > End Users).
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Technical Support
6-21
6-22
Technical Support
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix A Pinouts
A.1 Main Link Connectors
The unbalanced E1 port is terminated in two BNC connectors. The connectors are designated RX-IN and TX-OUT. The balanced E1 port is terminated in an eight-pin RJ-45 connector, wired in accordance with Table A-1. Figure A-1 identifies the pins of the main link connector.
Table A-1. E1 Link Connector, Pin Allocation

Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7, 8 Designation RD(T) RD(R) GND TD(T) TD(R) GND N/A Direction Input Input Output Output N/A Function Receive data (tip) Receive data (ring) Ground (optional) Transmit data (tip) Transmit data (ring) Ground (optional) Not connected
Figure A-1. Main Link RJ-45 Connector, Pin Identification
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Main Link Connectors
A-1
Appendix A Pinouts
A.2
V.24 Interface Connector
The DHS module with the V.24 interface is supplied with a 25-pin D-type female connector. The pin allocation in the V.24 interface connector is given in Figure A-2 identifies the pins of the V.24 connector.
Pin 13 Pin 1
Pin 25
Pin 14
Figure A-2. V.24 Connector, Pin Identification Table A-2. V.24 Connector Wiring
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Designation FGND TD RD RTS CTS DSR SGND DCD NC NC NC NC NC NC TC NC RC LLB NC ERC RLB NC Direction IN OUT IN OUT OUT OUT OUT OUT IN OUT IN Function Frame ground TX data RX data Request to send Clear to send Data set ready Signal ground Carrier detect TX CLK RX CLK Local loop External RX CLK Remote loop
A-2
V.24 Interface Connector
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix A Pinouts
Pin 23 24 25
Designation NC ETC TM
Direction IN OUT
Function External TX CLK Test mode
A.3
Synchronous Data Channel Connector
The synchronous data channel of the FCD-E1L is terminated in a 25-pin D-type female connector, irrespective of the channel interface type. The pin allocation in is given in Table A-3. Figure A-3 identifies the pins of the data channel connector.
Pin 13 Pin 1
Pin 25
Pin 14
Figure A-3. Data Channel Connector, Pin Identification Table A-3. Data Channel Connector, Pin Allocation
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Direction Input Output Input Output Output Output Output Output Input Output Output Input Output Output Output Input Designation FG SDA RDA RTSA CTSA DSRA SG DCDA RCB DCDB SCEB SCB CTSB SDB SCA RDB RCA LLBA Function Frame Ground Send Data (wire A) Receive Data (wire A) RTS (wire A) CTS (wire A) DSR (wire A) Signal Ground DCD (wire A) Receive Clock (wire B) DCD (wire B) External Send Clock (wire B) Send Clock (wire B) CTS (wire B) Send Data (wire B) Send Clock (wire A) Receive Data (wire B) Receive Clock (wire A) Local Loopback Activation (wire A) RS-530 Circuit AA BA(A) BB(A) CA(A) CB(A) CC(A) AB CF(A) DD(B) CF(B) DA(B) DB(B) CB(B) BA(B) DB(A) BB(B) DD(A)
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
A-3
Appendix A Pinouts
Pin 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Direction Input Input Input Output Input Input Output
Designation RTSB DTRA/RCEA RLBA DSRB DTRB/RCEB SCEA TMA
Function RTS (wire B) DTRA/External Receive Clock (wire A) Remote Loopback Activation (wire A) DSR (wire B) DTRB/External Receive Clock (wire B) External Send Clock (wire A) Test Mode Indication (wire A)
RS-530 Circuit CA(B) CD(A) CC(B) CD(B) DA(A)
RS-530 Data Channel

The functions of the pins in the RS-530 data channel interface connector are listed in Table A-3. The following sections provide information on the cables required to connect users equipment to the RS-530 channel in the various timing modes.
DCE Mode
This mode is used to connect to users equipment with DTE interface. The users equipment can be directly connected to the FCD-E1L channel connector using a standard straight RS-530 cable (i.e., a cable wired point-to-point). The straight cable is terminated in a 25-pin male D-type connector at the FCD-E1L side.
DTE1 Mode
This mode is used to connect to users equipment with DCE interface that can accept, as its external clock, the receive clock signal provided by the FCD-E1L data channel. In this case, it is necessary to connect a 25-pin male/25-pin male cross-cable (see Figure A-4) wired in accordance with Table A-4, between the FCD-E1L CHANNEL connector and the users equipment RS-530 connector.
Figure A-4. RS-530 Adapter Cable for DTE1 Mode
A-4
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix A Pinouts
Table A-4. Wiring of RS-530 Adapter Cable for DTE1 Mode

FCD-E1L Side 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Designation FG SDA RDA RTSA CTSA DSRA SG DCDA RCB DCDB SCEB SCB CTSB SDB SCA RDB RCA RTSB RCEA DSRB RCEB SCEA Function Frame Ground Send Data (wire A) Receive Data (wire A) RTS (wire A) CTS (wire A) DSR (wire A) Signal Ground DCD (wire A) Receive Clock (wire B) DCD (wire B) External Send Clock (wire B) Send Clock (wire B) CTS (wire B) Send Data (wire B) Send Clock (wire A) Receive Data (wire B) Receive Clock (wire A) Not connected RTS (wire B) External Receive Clock (wire A) Not connected DSR (wire B) External Receive Clock (wire B) External Send Clock (wire A) Not connected Users Side 1 3 2 8 20 7 4 11 19 9 16 14 24 10 23 17
DTE2 Mode
This mode is used to connect to users equipment with DCE interface that provides the transmit and receive clocks to the FCD-E1L data channel. In this case, it is necessary to connect a 25-pin male/25-pin male cross-cable (see Figure A-4) wired in accordance with Table A-5, between the FCD-E1L CHANNEL connector and the users equipment RS-530 connector.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
A-5
Appendix A Pinouts
Table A-5. Wiring of RS-530 Adapter Cable for DTE2 Mode

V.35 Data Channel

The following sections provide information on the cables required to connect users equipment to the V.35 channel in the various timing modes.
DCE Mode
This mode is used to connect to users equipment with V.35 DTE interface. The V.35 cable coming from the users equipment is connected to the FCD-E1L CHANNEL connector through an adapter cable. The adapter cable (see Figure A-5) is terminated in a 25-pin male D-type connector at the FCD-E1L side, and a
A-6 Synchronous Data Channel Connector FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix A Pinouts
34-pin female connector at the users side. A suitable cable, designated CBL-HS2V1, is available from RAD. Cable wiring is given in Table A-6.
Figure A-5. V.35 Adapter Cable for DCE Mode Table A-6. Wiring of V.35 Adapter Cable for DCE Mode
FCD-E1L Side 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Designation FG SDA RDA RTSA CTSA DSRA SG DCDA RCB DCDB SCEB SCB CTSB SDB SCA RDB RCA RTSB RCEA DSRB Function Frame Ground Send Data (wire A) Receive Data (wire A) RTS (wire A) CTS (wire A) DSR (wire A) Signal Ground DCD (wire A) Receive Clock (wire B) DCD (wire B) External Send Clock (wire B) Send Clock (wire B) CTS (wire B) Send Data (wire B) Send Clock (wire A) Receive Data (wire B) Receive Clock (wire A) Not connected RTS (wire B) External Receive Clock (wire A) Not connected DSR (wire B) Users Side A P R C D E B F X W AA S Y T V
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
A-7
Appendix A Pinouts
FCD-E1L Side 23 24 25
Designation RCEB SCEA
Function External Receive Clock (wire B) External Send Clock (wire A) Not connected
Users Side U
DTE1 Mode
This mode is used to connect to users equipment with V.35 DCE interface that can accept, as its external clock, the receive clock signal provided by the FCD-E1L data channel. The V.35 cable coming from the users equipment is connected to the FCD-E1L CHANNEL connector through an adapter cable. The adapter cable (see Figure A-5) is terminated in a 25-pin male D-type connector at the FCD-E1L side, and a 34-pin female connector at the users side. A suitable cable, designated CBL-HS2V2, is available from RAD. Cable wiring is given in Table A-7.
Table A-7. Wiring of V.35 Adapter Cable for DTE1 Mode

FCD-E1L Side 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 A-8 Designation FG SDA RDA RTSA CTSA DSRA SG DCDA RCB DCDB SCEB SCB CTSB SDB SCA RDB RCA RTSB RCEA Function Frame Ground Send Data (wire A) Receive Data (wire A) RTS (wire A) CTS (wire A) DSR (wire A) Signal Ground DCD (wire A) Receive Clock (wire B) DCD (wire B) External Send Clock (wire B) Send Clock (wire B) CTS (wire B) Send Data (wire B) Send Clock (wire A) Receive Data (wire B) Receive Clock (wire A) Not connected RTS (wire B) External Receive Clock (wire A) Not connected Users Side A R P F H B C W X T S U FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix A Pinouts
FCD-E1L Side 22 23 24 25
Designation DSRB RCEB SCEA
Function DSR (wire B) External Receive Clock (wire B) External Send Clock (wire A) Not connected
Users Side V
DTE2 Mode
This mode is used to connect to users equipment with V.35 DCE interface that provides the transmit and receive clocks to the FCD-E1L data channel. The V.35 cable coming from the users equipment is connected to the FCD-E1L CHANNEL connector through an adapter cable. The adapter cable (see Figure A-5) is terminated in a 25-pin male D-type connector at the FCD-E1L side, and a 34-pin female connector at the users side. A suitable cable, designated CBL-HS2V3, is available from RAD. Cable wiring is given in Table A-8.
Table A-8. Wiring of V.35 Adapter Cable for DTE2 Mode

FCD-E1L Side 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Designation FG SDA RDA RTSA CTSA DSRA SG DCDA RCB DCDB SCEB SCB CTSB SDB SCA RDB RCA RTSB Function Frame Ground Send Data (wire A) Receive Data (wire A) RTS (wire A) CTS (wire A) DSR (wire A) Signal Ground DCD (wire A) Receive Clock (wire B) DCD (wire B) External Send Clock (wire B) Send Clock (wire B) CTS (wire B) Send Data (wire B) Send Clock (wire A) Receive Data (wire B) Receive Clock (wire A) Not connected RTS (wire B) Users Side A R P F H B C X T S
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
A-9
Appendix A Pinouts
FCD-E1L Side 20 21 22 23 24 25
Designation RCEA DSRB RCEB SCEA
Function External Receive Clock (wire A) Not connected DSR (wire B) External Receive Clock (wire B) External Send Clock (wire A) Not connected
Users Side Y AA V
X.21 Data Channel

For the X.21 port, only the DCE mode cable is available from RAD. This mode is used to connect to users equipment with X.21 DTE interface. The X.21 cable coming from the users equipment is connected to the FCD-E1L CHANNEL connector through an adapter cable. The adapter cable (see Figure A-6) is terminated in a 25-pin male D-type connector at the FCD-E1L side, and a 15-pin female connector at the users side. A suitable cable, designated CBL-HS2X1, is available from RAD. Cable wiring is given in Table A-9.
Figure A-6. X.21 Adapter Cable for DCE Mode Table A-9. Wiring of X.21 Adapter Cable for DCE Mode
FCD-E1L Side 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Designation FG SDA RDA RTSA CTSA DSRA SG DCDA RCB DCDB Function Frame Ground Send Data (wire A) Receive Data (wire A) RTS (wire A) CTS (wire A) DSR (wire A) Signal Ground DCD (wire A) Receive Clock (wire B) DCD (wire B) Users Side 1 2 4 3 8 5 12
A-10
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix A Pinouts
FCD-E1L Side 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Designation SCEB SCB CTSB SDB SCA RDB RCA RTSB RCEA DSRB RCEB SCEA
Function External Send Clock (wire B) Send Clock (wire B) CTS (wire B) Send Data (wire B) Send Clock (wire A) Receive Data (wire B) Receive Clock (wire A) Not connected RTS (wire B)
Users Side 13 9 6 11 10
External Receive Clock (wire A) Not connected DSR (wire B) External Receive Clock (wire B) External Send Clock (wire A) Not connected
V.36/RS-449 Data Channel

The following sections provide information on the cables required to connect users equipment to the V.36/RS-449 channel in the various timing modes.
DCE Mode
This mode is used to connect to users equipment with V.36/RS-449 DTE interface. The V.36/RS-449 cable coming from the users equipment is connected to the FCD-E1L CHANNEL connector through an adapter cable. The adapter cable (see Figure A-7) is terminated in a 25-pin male D-type connector at the FCD-E1L side, and a 37-pin female connector at the users side. A suitable cable, designated CBL-HS2R1, is available from RAD. Cable wiring is given in Table A-10.
Figure A-7. V.36/RS-449 Adapter Cable for DCE Mode
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
A-11
Appendix A Pinouts
Table A-10. Wiring of V.36/RS-449 Adapter Cable for DCE Mode

FCD-E1L Side 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Designation FG SDA RDA RTSA CTSA DSRA SG DCDA RCB DCDB SCEB SCB CTSB SDB SCA RDB RCA RTSB RCEA DSRB RCEB SCEA Function Frame Ground Send Data (wire A) Receive Data (wire A) RTS (wire A) CTS (wire A) DSR (wire A) Signal Ground DCD (wire A) Receive Clock (wire B) DCD (wire B) External Send Clock (wire B) Send Clock (wire B) CTS (wire B) Send Data (wire B) Send Clock (wire A) Receive Data (wire B) Receive Clock (wire A) Not connected RTS (wire B) External Receive Clock (wire A) Not connected DSR (wire B) External Receive Clock (wire B) External Send Clock (wire A) Not connected 29 17 Users Side 1 4 6 7 9 11 19 13 26 31 35 23 27 22 5 24 8 25
DTE1 Mode
This mode is used to connect to users equipment with V.36/RS-449 DCE interface that can accept, as its external clock, the receive clock signal provided by the FCD-E1L data channel. The V.36/RS-449 cable coming from the users equipment is connected to the FCD-E1L CHANNEL connector through an adapter cable. The adapter cable (see Figure A-7) is terminated in a 25-pin male D-type connector at the FCD-E1L side, and a 37-pin female connector at the users side. A suitable cable, designated CBL-HS2R2, is available from RAD. Cable wiring is given in Table A-11.
A-12 Synchronous Data Channel Connector FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix A Pinouts
Table A-11. Wiring of V.36/RS-449 Adapter Cable for DTE1 Mode

DTE2 Mode
This mode is used to connect to users equipment with V.36/RS-449 DCE interface that provides the transmit and receive clocks to the FCD-E1L data channel. The V.36/RS-449 cable coming from the users equipment is connected to the FCD-E1L CHANNEL connector through an adapter cable. The adapter cable (see Figure A-7) is terminated in a 25-pin male D-type connector at the FCD-E1L side, and a 37-pin female connector at the users side. A suitable cable, designated CBL-HS2R3, is available from RAD. Cable wiring is given in Table A-12.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
A-13
Appendix A Pinouts
Table A-12. Wiring of V.36/RS-449 Adapter Cable for DTE2 Mode

A-14
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix A Pinouts
A.4
CONTROL DCE Connector
The CONTROL DCE connector is a 9-pin female connector which contains an RS-232 DCE interface, intended for direct connection to a supervision terminal. For pin connection functions see Table A-13. The connection of the CONTROL DCE connector to a supervision terminal having a 9-pin connector is made by means of a straight cable (a cable wired point-to-point). The connection to a terminal with 25-pin female connector is made by means of a crossed cable, wired in accordance with Figure A-8.
Table A-13. CONTROL DCE Connector Wiring

Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Line Data Carrier Detect (DCD) Receive Data (RD) Transmit Data (TD) Data Terminal Ready (DTR) Ground (GND) Data Set Ready (DSR) Request to Send (RTS) Clear to Send (CTS) Ring Indicator (RI) Direction From FCD-E1L From FCD-E1L To FCD-E1L To FCD-E1L From FCD-E1L To FCD-E1L From FCD-E1L To FCD-E1L
9-Pin Connector TD RD RTS CTS To CONTROL DCE Connector DSR DCD RI DTR GND
3 2 7 8 6 1 9 4 5
2 3 4 5 6 8 22 20 7
25-Pin Connector
To Terminal
FCD-E1L Side
Terminal Side
Figure A-8. 25-Pin Terminal Cable Wiring - Connection to CONTROL DCE Connector
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0 CONTROL DCE Connector A-15
Appendix A Pinouts
A-16
CONTROL DCE Connector
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix B SNMP Management

This appendix provides specific information required for the management of FCD-E1L units by means of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). Some of this information is also applicable for management by means of the Telnet application.
B.1
SNMP Environment
The SNMP management functions of the FCD-E1L are provided by an internal SNMP agent, which can use inband and out-of-band communication. The SNMP management communication uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which is a connectionless-mode transport protocol, part of the suite of protocols of the Internet Protocol (IP).
Note
Telnet management uses the TCP protocol over IP for management communication. After a Telnet session is started, the management interface is similar to that used for the supervision terminal.
This section covers the information related to the SNMP environment. For a description of the IP environment, refer to the IP Environment section on page B-4.
SNMP Principles
The SNMP management protocol is an asynchronous command/response polling protocol. The SNMP-based network management station, which addresses the managed entities in its management domain, initiates all the management traffic. Only the addressed managed entity answers the polling of the management station (except for trap messages). The managed entities include a function called an SNMP agent, which is responsible for the interpretation and handling of the management station requests to the managed entity, and the generation of properly-formatted responses to the management station.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
SNMP Environment
B-1
SNMP Operations
The SNMP protocol includes four types of operations: getRequest Command for retrieving specific management information from the managed entity. The managed entity responds with a getResponse message. Command for retrieving sequentially specific management information from the managed entity. The managed entity responds with a getResponse message. Command for manipulating specific management information within the managed entity. The managed entity responds with a setResponse message. Management message carrying unsolicited information on extraordinary events (e.g., alarms) reported by the managed entity.
getNextRequest
setRequest
trap
The Management Information Base

The management information base (MIB) includes a collection of managed objects. A managed object is defined as a parameter that can be managed, such as a performance statistics value. The MIB includes the definitions of relevant managed objects. Various MIBs can be defined for various management purposes, types of equipment, etc. An object's definition includes the range of values and the access rights: Read-only Read-write Write-only Not accessible Object value can be read, but cannot be set. Object value can be read or set. Object value can be set, but cannot be read. Object cannot be read, nor set.
MIB Structure
The MIB has an inverted tree-like structure, with each definition of a managed object forming one leaf, located at the end of a branch of that tree. A unique path reaches each leaf in the MIB, therefore by numbering the branching points, starting with the top, each leaf can be uniquely defined by a sequence of numbers. The formal description of the managed objects and the MIB structure is provided in a special standardized format, called Abstract Syntax Notation 1 (ASN.1). Since the general collection of MIB's can also be organized in a similar structure, under the supervision of the Internet Activities Board (IAB), any parameter included in a MIB that is recognized by the IAB is uniquely defined. To provide the flexibility necessary in a global structure, MIB's are classified in various classes (branches), one of them being the experimental branch, and another the group of private (enterprise-specific) branch. Under the private (enterprise-specific) branch of MIB's, each enterprise (manufacturer) can be assigned a number, which is its enterprise number. The assigned number designates the top of an enterprise-specific sub-tree of
B-2 SNMP Environment FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
non-standard MIB's. Within this context, RAD has been assigned the enterprise number 164. Therefore, enterprise MIB's published by RAD can be found under 1.3.6.1.4.1.164. MIB's of general interest are published by the IAB in the form of a Request for Comment (RFC) document. In addition, MIB's are also often assigned informal names that reflect their primary purpose. Enterprise-specific MIB's are published and distributed by their originator, which is responsible for their contents.
MIB's Supported by the FCD-E1L SNMP Agent

The interpretation of the relevant MIB's is a function of the SNMP agent of each managed entity. The general MIB's supported by the FCD-E1L SNMP agent are as follows: RFC 1213 (standard MIB-II). RFC 1406 (standard E1/T1 MIB).
In addition, the FCD-E1L SNMP agent supports the RAD-private (enterprise-specific) MIB identified as (read the following as a continuous string): iso(1).org(3).dod(6).internet(1).private(4).enterprises(1). rad(164).radGen(6).systems(1).radSysWAN(3).radFcdE1L(29) Enterprise-specific MIB's supported by RAD equipment, including those for the FCD-E1L, are available in ASN.1 format from the RAD Technical Support Department.
Management Domains Under SNMP

In principle, SNMP enables any management station that knows the MIB's supported by a device to perform all the management operations available on that device. However, this is not desirable in practical situations, so it is necessary to provide a means to delimit management domains.
SNMP Communities
To enable the delimitation of management domains, SNMP uses communities. Each community is identified by a name, which is an alphanumeric string defined by the user. Any SNMP entity (this term includes both managed entities and management stations) is assigned by its user a community name.
Access Restriction Using SNMP Communities

In general, SNMP agents support two types of access rights: Read-only: the SNMP agent accepts and processes only SNMP getRequest and getNextRequest commands from management stations which have the same read-only community name. Read-write: the SNMP agent accepts and processes all the SNMP commands received from a management station with the same write community name.
In accordance with the SNMP protocol, the SNMP community of the originating entity is sent in each message.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
SNMP Environment
B-3
When an SNMP message is received by the addressed entity, first it checks the originator's community. If the community name of the message originator differs from the community name specified for that type of message in the agent, the message it discarded (SNMP agents of managed entities report this event by means of an authentication failure trap).
FCD-E1L Unit Communities

The SNMP agents of FCD-E1L units are programmed to recognize the following community types: Read SNMP community that has read-only authorization, i.e., the SNMP agent will accept only getRequest and getNextRequest commands from management stations using that community. SNMP community that has read-write authorization, i.e., the SNMP agent will also accept setRequest commands from management stations using that community. SNMP community that the SNMP agent will send within trap messages.
Write
Trap
B.2
IP Environment
IP Address Structure
Under the IP protocol, each IP network element (SNMP agents, network management stations, etc.) is called an IP host and must be assigned an IP address. An IP address is a 32-bit number, usually represented as four 8-bit bytes. Each byte represents a decimal number in the range of 0 through 255. The address is given in decimal format, with the bytes separated by decimal points, e.g., 164.90.70.47. This format is called dotted quad notation. An IP address is logically divided into two main portions: Network Portion. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) assigns the network portion. There are five IP address classes: A, B, C, D, and E. However, only the classes A, B and C are used for IP addressing. Consult your network manager with respect to the class of IP addresses used on your network. The network portion of an IP address can be one, two or three bytes long, in accordance with the IP address class. This arrangement is illustrated below:
B-4
IP Environment
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Installation and Operation Manual IP ADDRESS Byte 1 Byte 2 Byte 3
Byte 4
Class A
Network Portion
Host Portion
Class B
Network Portion
Host Portion
Class C
Network Portion
Host Portion
The class of each IP address can be determined from its leftmost byte, in accordance with the following chart:
Address Class Class A Class B Class C First Byte 0 through 127 128 through 191 192 through 223 Address Range 0.H.H.H through 127.H.H.H 128.N.H.H through 191.N.H.H 192.N.N.H through 223.N.N.H
N - indicates bytes that are part of the network portion H - indicates bytes that are part of the host portion Host Portion. The host portion is used to identify an individual host connected to the network. The host identifier is assigned by the using organization, in accordance with its specific needs. Often, the host portion is further subdivided into two portions: Subnet number. For example, subnet numbers can be used to identify departmental subnetworks. The subnet number follows the network identifier. Host number - the last bits of the IP address.
Note
The all-zero host identifier is always interpreted as a network identifier, and must not be assigned to an actual host.
Net and Subnet Masks

Net and subnet masks are used to help filter the relevant traffic more efficiently: the function of the net and subnet mask is to specify how many of the IP address bits are actually used for the net identifier and for the subnet number. The mask is a 32-bit word that includes ones in the positions used for net and subnet identifications, followed by zeros up to the end of the IP address. For example, the subnet mask corresponding to the Class C IP address 194.227.31.67 is 255.255.255.000.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
IP Environment
B-5
Recommendations for Selection of IP Addresses

When the FCD-E1L SNMP agent and its management station are connected to the same network, the network identifier part of the IP address assigned to the SNMP agent must be identical to the network identifier part of the IP address of the management station. However, the agent and the FCD-E1L SNMP management station can also be on different IP networks. In this case, each one will be assigned IP addresses according to its IP network. You can also specify a default gateway. The default gateway is the router to be used by default for routing the management traffic to the management station (located on a different IP network).
Automatic Routing of IP Traffic

The SNMP agent of the FCD-E1L unit includes an IP router function, that is used to route management messages automatically. The IP router function operates both on the inband, as well as on the out-ofband traffic, depending on the communication methods enabled by the user.
B.3
Handling of Management Traffic
Handling of Out-of-Band Communication

Out-of-band communication is performed via the CONTROL DCE port. To select the management mode, use the DEF SP command. Configure the AUXILIARY_DEVICE parameter as follows: TERMINAL if only the ASCII supervision terminal must be supported NMS-SLIP when the supervisory port must be able to use the SLIP protocol, for example SNMP or Telnet management. SLIP-AGENT when the supervisory port must be connected to another agent port using the SLIP protocol
Note
A serial port can be configured for management access only when its interface is configured as DCE.
Handling of Inband Communication

When using inband communication, the internal IP router can receive the management traffic through the main link.
Inband Communication Ports and Protocols

When using inband communication, you can select between the following transmission protocols:
B-6
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Management traffic carried within the E1 frame overhead. This communication mode uses the RAD proprietary protocol, which requires a small fraction of the link bandwidth: the management traffic is carried by means of the national bits, Sa4 through Sa8, in timeslot 0 (each bit can carry a data rate of 4 kbps). Management traffic carried in a dedicated timeslot. This communication mode supports the following protocols: RAD proprietary protocol Frame relay encapsulation in accordance with RFC 1490
When a dedicated timeslot is used, the data rate is set to 64 kbps.
Inband Management Traffic Routing

The IP router function uses the RAD proprietary routing protocol whenever it operates in a network environment consisting of RAD products. In addition, you can configure the IP router to use standard protocols (such as frame relay), when connecting directly to a router. The RAD proprietary routing protocol is used with the timeslot 0 and the dedicated timeslot option. When the IP router function is configured to use the RAD proprietary protocol, it collects information on the other SNMP agents by exchanging routing information (including the contents of each router's routing table), with its neighbors. This automatic learning capability enables using any network topology, including topologies with closed loops. Note that an SNMP agent accepts routing information messages only through the port defined as AGENT port, or through inband management. When the management traffic is carried in a dedicated timeslot, it is also possible to use frame relay encapsulation in accordance with RFC 1490. This enables using frame relay routers to carry the management traffic to the managed FCD-E1L. Frame relay encapsulation is used as follows: In the transmit direction, the SNMP agent encapsulates the management messages in frames with a predetermined DLCI (always DLCI 100), and sends them at the selected rate through the selected main link timeslot. In the receive direction, the SNMP agent monitors the specified timeslot, analyzes packets received with DLCI 100, and analyzes the received data to detect management messages (any such messages are then processed as usual).
Note
The SNMP agent does not support frame relay management protocols (ANSI T1.617 Annex D, LMI, etc.), nor is such support required.
The RAD proprietary protocol provides better routing capabilities, therefore it is recommended to use it whenever feasible.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
B-7
Preventing Management Access to the Other Network Equipment

By default, the internal IP router function of the FCD-E1L SNMP agent will route management traffic received through any link configured for management access, to all the other links and ports that are also configured for management access. There are certain applications in which this is not desirable: a particular configuration of this type is a link that ends in equipment managed by a foreign management station, which should not be able to access the other equipment in the network. To prevent a management station from accessing other equipment through the IP router function of the FCD-E1L SNMP agent, the user can configure that link for operation using a dedicated timeslot for management traffic but without enabling any routing protocol.
B.4
SNMP Traps
The FCD-E1L SNMP agent supports the standard MIB-II traps.
B-8
SNMP Traps
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix C Operating Environment

This appendix presents a concise description of the operating environment of FCD-E1L systems, to provide the background information required for understanding the FCD-E1L configuration and performance monitoring parameters.
C.1
E1 Environment
The E1 line interfaces of FCD-E1L comply with the applicable requirements of ITU-T Rec. G.703, G.704, G.711, G.732, G.736 and G.823.
E1 Signal Structure
The E1 line operates at a nominal rate of 2.048 Mbps, using a line signal encoded according to High-Density Bipolar 3 (HDB3) code. The data transferred over the E1 line is organized in frames. Each E1 frame includes 256 bits. The E1 frame format is shown in Figure C-1.
Time Slot 0 8 Bits per a. Even Frames (0,2,4-14) Time Slot 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 FAS b. Odd Frames (1,3,5-15) I 1 A N N N N N
Time Slot 16 a. Frame 0 0 0 0 0 X Y X X MAS
Time Slots 1-15, 17-31
Channel Data b. Frames 1-15 A B C D A B C D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
32 Time Slots/Frame
TS 0
TS 1
TS 2
TS 3
TS 4
TS 5
TS 6
TS 7
TS 8
TS 9
TS 10
TS 11
TS 12
TS 13
TS 14
TS 15
TS 16
TS 17
TS 18
TS 19
TS 20
TS 21
TS 22
TS TS 23 24
TS 25
TS 26
TS 27
TS 28
TS 29
TS 30
TS 31
16 Frames/Multiframe Notes I N A FAS
FR 0
FR 1
FR 2
FR 3
FR 4
FR 5
FR 6
FR 7
FR 8
FR 9
FR 10
FR 11
FR 12
FR 13
FR 14
FR 15
International Bit National Bits (Sa4 through Sa8) Alarm Indication Signal (Loss of Frame Alignment - Red Alarm) Frame Alignment Signal, occupies alternate (but not necessarily even) frames
ABCD X Y MAS
ABCD Signaling Bits Extra Bit Loss of Multiframe Alignment Multiframe Alignment Signal
Figure C-1. E1 Frame Format
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
E1 Environment
C-1
The 256 bits included in a frame are organized of 32 timeslots of eight bits each. The frame repetition rate is 8,000 per second, therefore the data rate supported by each timeslot is 64 kbps. The number of timeslots available for user data is maximum 31, because timeslot 0 is always used for frame synchronization. The frames are organized in larger patterns, called multiframes. Two types of multiframes are generally used: G732N (also called 256N) multiframes. G732S (also called 256S) multiframes.
G732N Multiframe
The G732N multiframe structure consists of two frames, which are identified by means of the information included in timeslot 0: The even frame of the pair includes the frame alignment signal (FAS). The odd frame includes a 1 in bit position 2, and housekeeping information in the other bits.
The number of timeslots available for users data is 31, and therefore the maximum payload rate is 1984 kbps.
G732S Multiframe
The G732S multiframe includes 16 frames, which are identified by means of a separate multiframe alignment signal (MAS) contained in timeslot 16 of frame number 0 of each multiframe. Since timeslot 16 must be reserved for the transmission of the MAS and system signaling, only 30 timeslots are available for the users payload, and the maximum payload rate is 1920 kbps. When using the G732S multiframe format, timeslots 16 in the 16 frames of each multiframe carry the following information: The first four bits of timeslot 16 of frame number 0 in multiframe 16 always carry the multiframe alignment sequence, 0000. Bit 6 in timeslot 16 of frame number 0 in multiframe 16 is used to notify the equipment at the other end of the link that the local equipment lost multiframe alignment. The other bits of this timeslot are not assigned mandatory functions.
E1 Line Signal
The E1 line signal uses the High-Density Bipolar 3 (HDB3) code. The HDB3 coding format is an improvement of the alternate mark inversion (AMI) code. In the AMI format, ones are alternately transmitted as positive and negative pulses, whereas zeros are transmitted as a zero voltage level. The AMI format cannot transmit long strings of zeros, because such strings do not carry timing information. The HDB3 coding rules restrict the maximum length of a zero string to three pulse intervals. Longer strings are encoded at the transmit end to introduce non-zero pulses. To allow the receiving end to detect the artificially introduced
C-2 E1 Environment FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
pulses and enable their removal to restore the original data string, the encoding introduces intentional bipolar violations in the data sequence. The receiving end detects these violations and when they appear to be part of an encoded zero string it removes them. Other bipolar violations may also be caused by transmission errors. Therefore, any bipolar violations which cannot be interpreted as intentional coding violations can be separately counted, to obtain information on the quality of the transmission link.
Timeslot 0
Timeslot 0 of E1 frames is used for two main purposes: Delineation of frame boundaries. For this purpose, in every second frame, timeslot 0 carries a fixed pattern, called frame alignment signal (FAS). Frames carrying the FAS are defined as even frames, as they are assigned the numbers 0, 2, 4, etc. when larger structures (multiframes) are used. The receiving equipment searches for the fixed FAS pattern in the data stream using a special algorithm, a process called frame synchronization. Once this process is successfully completed, the equipment can identify each bit in the received frames. Interchange of housekeeping information. In every frame without FAS (odd frames), timeslot 0 carries housekeeping information. This information is carried as follows: Bit 1 - this bit is called the international (I) bit. Its main use is for error detection using the optional CRC-4 function (CRC-4 stands for Cyclic Redundancy Check, using a fourth-degree polynomial). This function is described below. Bit 2 is always set to 1, a fact used by the frame alignment algorithm. Bit 3 is used as a remote alarm indication (RAI), to notify the equipment at the other end that the local equipment lost frame alignment, or does not receive an input signal. The other bits, identified as Sa4 through Sa8, are designated national bits, and are actually available to the users, provided agreement is reached as to their use. RAD equipment with SNMP agents can use Sa bits for carrying the inband management traffic. The total data rate that can be carried by a national bit is 4 kbps.
E1 Line Statistics Using CRC-4 Error Detection

FCD-E1L supports the CRC-4 function in accordance with ITU-T Rec. G.704. The CRC-4 function is used to detect errors in the received data, and therefore can be used to evaluate data transmission quality over E1 links. This function can be enabled or disabled by the user. To enable error detection, additional information must be provided to the receiving equipment. The additional information is transmitted to the receiving equipment by using a multiframe structure called CRC-4 multiframes. A CRC-4 multiframe is an arbitrary group of 16 frames. This group is not related in any way to the G732S 16-frame multiframe structures explained above.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
E1 Environment
C-3
A CRC-4 multiframe always starts with an even frame (a frame that carries the frame alignment signal). The CRC-4 multiframe structure is identified by a six-bit CRC-4 multiframe alignment signal, which is multiplexed into bit 1 of timeslot 0 of each odd-numbered (1, 3, 5, etc.) frame of the CRC-4 multiframe (i.e., in frames 1 through 11 of the CRC-4 multiframe). Each CRC-4 multiframe is divided into two submultiframes of 8 frames (2048 bits) each. The detection of errors is achieved by calculating a four-bit checksum on each 2048-bit block (submultiframe). The four-checksum bits calculated on a given submultiframe are multiplexed, bit by bit, in bit 1 of timeslot 0 of each even-numbered frame of the next submultiframe. At the receiving end, the checksum is calculated again on each submultiframe and then compared against the original checksum (sent by the transmitting end in the next submultiframe). The results are reported by two bits multiplexed in bit 1 of timeslot 0 in frames 13, 15 of the CRC-4 multiframe, respectively. Errors are counted and used to prepare statistic data on transmission performance.
E1 Line Alarm Conditions

Excessive bit error rate. The bit error rate is measured on the frame alignment signal. The alarm threshold is an error rate higher than 10-3 that persists for 4 to 5 seconds. The alarm condition is canceled when the error rate decreases below 10-4 for 4 to 5 consecutive seconds. Loss of frame alignment (also called loss of synchronization). This condition is declared when too many errors are detected in the frame alignment signal (FAS), e.g., when 3 or 4 FAS errors are detected in the last 5 frames. Loss of frame alignment is cleared after no FAS errors are detected in two consecutive frames. The loss of frame alignment is reported by means of the A bit (see Figure C-1).
Note
The A bit (bit 3 in timeslot 0 of the odd frames) serves as a remote alarm indicator (RAI) notifying the other end equipment that the local equipment lost frame alignment or does not receive an input signal.
Loss of multiframe alignment (applicable only when G732S multiframes are used). This condition is declared when too many errors are detected in the multiframe alignment signal (MAS) (same conditions as for loss of frame alignment). The loss of multiframe alignment is reported by means of the Y bit (see Figure C-1). Alarm indication signal (AIS). The AIS signal is an unframed all-ones signal, and is used to maintain line signal synchronization in case of loss of input signal, e.g., because an alarm condition occurred in the equipment that supplies the line signal.
Note
The equipment receiving an AIS signal loses frame synchronization.
C-4
E1 Environment
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix D Supervision Terminal Commands

D.1 Introduction
This appendix provides a detailed description of the FCD-E1L supervision language. The information appearing in this appendix assumes that the user is familiar with the FCD-E1L system and with its configuration parameters. If necessary, review Appendix C for a description of the FCD-E1L operating environment, Chapter 3 for a general description of the FCD-E1L supervision language syntax, and Chapter 1 for a functional description of the FCD-E1L system. The commands described in this section are listed in alphabetical order (see the Command Set Index table in Chapter 3 for a complete list). The description includes the command format, usage, and options. The following notational conventions are used: [ ] { } <Enter> <SP> LL square brackets indicate optional entry/parameter. accolades indicate required entry/parameter. single quotes delimit user entry. indicates the pressing of the Enter key. indicates the pressing of the spacebar. indicates an alarm code.
Note
The screens appearing in this appendix are given for illustration purposes only, and must not be construed as providing typical parameter values. Parameter values must be selected in accordance with the specific requirements of each particular application. If necessary, contact RAD Technical Support Department.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Introduction
D-1
D.2
BYE
Command List
Purpose
End the current Telnet session.
Syntax
BYE
Use
To end the current Telnet session, type: BYE<Enter>
CLR ALM
Purpose
Clear the alarm buffer.
Syntax
CLR ALM /A
Use
To clear all alarms stored in the alarm buffer (including ON/OFF alarms), type: CLR ALM/A<Enter>
CLR LOOP
Purpose
Deactivate the specified user-initiated test or loopback.
Syntax
CLR LOOP
Use
1. To deactivate all the main link loopbacks and tests, type: CLR LOOP ML<Enter> or CLR LP ML<Enter> To deactivate a specific main link loopback, type: CLR LOOP LOCAL ANALOG ML<Enter> or CLR LP LOC ANA ML<Enter> CLR LOOP REMOTE ANALOG ML<Enter> or CLR LP REM ANA ML<Enter> CLR LOOP LOCAL DIGITAL ML<Enter> or CLR LP LOC DIG ML<Enter>
D-2
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
CLR LOOP REMOTE DIGITAL ML<Enter> or CLR LP LOC DIG ML<Enter> 2. To deactivate a data channel loopback, type: CLR LOOP LOCAL CH 1<Enter> or CLR LP LOC CH 1<Enter> CLR LOOP LOCAL CH 2<Enter> or CLR LP LOC CH 2<Enter> CLR LOOP REMOTE CH 1<Enter> or CLR LP REM CH 1<Enter> CLR LOOP REMOTE CH 2<Enter> or CLR LP REM CH 2<Enter> CLR LOOP INBAND CH 1 <Enter> or CLR LP INBAND CH 1 <Enter> CLR LOOP BERT CH 1 <Enter> or CLR LP BERT CH 1 <Enter>
Note
The deactivation of an inband loopback is made by repeatedly transmitting the deactivation sequence, therefore the loopback can be considered as deactivated only after approximately 2 seconds.
If no user-initiated loopback of the specified type is now performed, you will receive ERROR 052: LOOP IS NOT ACTIVE.
DATE
Purpose
Set the date for the FCD-E1L internal real-time clock. The internal clock supports dates up to December 31st, 2099.
Syntax
DATE
Use
1. To set the date, type: DATE<Enter> FCD-E1L displays the date entry form: DAY MONTH YEAR = 06 = 02 = 1997
3. Change by pressing <F> to increase and to decrease the displayed values. When done, press <Enter> to move to the next field. 4. To end, press <Enter> after the YEAR field.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-3
DEF AGENT
Purpose
Display and modify the current SNMP agent parameters. Refer to Appendix B for additional explanations. To enable SNMP and Telnet management, it is necessary to define all the parameters.
Syntax
DEF AGENT
Use
1. To define the SNMP agent parameters, type: DEF AGENT<Enter> You will see the current agent parameters, under the header OLD AGENT PARAMETERS, followed by the entry line for the first parameter, TELNET_APATHY_TIME. 2. Select the desired value by pressing <F> or , then press <Enter> to display the second line. Continue until all the parameters are defined, and then press <Enter> to continue. 3. Once the next parameter is displayed, type in the new value, and then press <Enter> to end. A typical display, as seen after all the parameters are selected, is shown below: CURRENT AGENT PARAMETERS IP_ADDRESS READ COMMUNITY IS WRITE COMMUNITY IS TRAP COMMUNITY IS : : : : = XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX = public = private = public
where X stands for the digits of the IP address.
Table D-1 lists the agent parameters, along with their range of values and
instructions on how to modify them.
D-4
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Table D-1. SNMP Agent Parameters

Parameter TELNET_APATHY_TIME Function Values
Selects the time, in minutes, after which The available values are 10MIN, 15MIN, and a Telnet connection will be automatically 20MIN. terminated if no incoming activity is Default: 10MIN detected Type in the IP address assigned to the FCD-E1L SNMP agent Use the dotted-quad format (four groups of digits in the range of 0 through 255, separated by periods). Default: 999.999.999.999
IP_ADDRESS
SNMP READ COMMUNITY Type in the name of the SNMP community that has read-only authorization (the FCD-E1L SNMP agent will accept only getRequest and getNextRequest commands from management stations using that community) SNMP WRITE COMMUNITY
Up to seven alphanumeric characters. Default: PUBLIC
Type in the name of the SNMP Up to seven alphanumeric characters. community that has read-write Default: PRIVATE authorization (the FCD-E1L SNMP agent will also accept setRequest commands from management stations using that community) Type in the name of the SNMP community to which the FCD-E1L SNMP agent will send traps Up to seven alphanumeric characters Default: PUBLIC
TRAP COMMUNITY
DEF ALM MASK

Purpose
Display and modify the alarm masks (masked alarms are not reported). The alarm masks permit to disable report of alarms by unused ports and to stop the generation of alarms during maintenance.
Syntax
DEF ALM MASK
Use
1. To display the alarm mask data form, type: DEF ALM MASK<Enter> 2. You will see the first line, used to select the group of alarms to be processed. A typical display is shown below:
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-5
GROUP SYSTEM
ALL USER
The functions of the fields are as follows: GROUP Selects the group of alarms to be processed: SYSTEM ML CH1 CH2 ALL System alarms Main link alarms Data channel 1 alarms Data channel 2 alarms.
Enables the masking of all alarms: MASK USER All the alarms of a specific group are masked. You can define the individual alarms to be masked.
NORMAL None of the alarms in the specific group is masked. 3. Move the cursor to the desired field using the spacebar, and then change using the <F> or keys. If you select MASK or NORMAL for ALL, press <Enter> to end. If you select USER, select the desired group of alarms, and then press <Enter> to display the group of alarms to be processed. A typical display is shown below: ALARM NUMBER & DESCRIPTION 01 REAL TIME CLOCK BATTERY FAILURE The functions of the fields are as follows: ALARM NUMBER MASKED Displays the first alarm number (code and description) in the selected group (see Chapter 5 ). Enables the masking of the selected alarm: YES NO The alarm is masked. The alarm is not masked, and will be reported when generated. MASKED NO
4. Select the desired state for the current alarm by pressing the <F> or key, and then press <Enter> to display the next alarm number. Repeat the procedure until all the alarms in the selected group have been defined. After the last alarm, you will see again the date and time, followed by the working prompt.
DEF AR
Purpose
Control the use of traps for alarms reporting.
Syntax
DEF AR
D-6
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Use
1. To define the alarm reporting and relay indications, type: DEF AR<Enter> FCD-E1L displays the alarm data form. ALARM MAJOR ON REPORT NO
2. To display an additional row, press <Enter>. A typical data form as seen after all the lines have been displayed is shown below: ALARM MAJOR ON MAJOR OFF MINOR ON MINOR OFF REPORT YES YES YES YES
3. To change the current selections, bring the cursor to the desired field, and then press the <F> or keys to display the desired mode (YES or NO). When done, press <Enter> to end. The data form lists the alarm conditions, and the action to be taken for each alarm condition. The fields appearing on the data form are explained below. ALARM The alarm condition: MAJOR ON MAJOR OFF MINOR ON MINOR OFF REPORT Indication provided when a major alarm condition is detected. Indication provided when a major alarm condition disappears. Indication provided when a minor alarm condition is detected. Indication provided when a minor alarm condition disappears.
YES indicates that the corresponding alarm condition is reported by means of traps sent to management stations.
DEF BERT CH 1
Purpose
Define the BERT test conditions. Refer to Table D-2 for the parameter description, allowable ranges and configuration guidelines.
Syntax
DEF BERT CH 1
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-7
Use
1. To define the BER test parameters for data channel, type: DEF BERT CH 1<Enter> The first line of the BERT parameters data form is displayed: PATTERN ERROR_INJECTION_RATE INBAND_LOOP_PATTERN 2E23-1 NO_ERR USER CONFIG RX_INBAND DISABLE
2. If you choose USER CONFIG, the second line of the data form is displayed: USER_PATTERN_LEN 1 USER_ACTIVATE_PAT XXXXXXX1
3. Select the length of the user activation sequence pattern in the range of 1 to 8. Then the appropriate number of binary places will be enabled for you to set as 0 or 1. 4. Press <Enter> to receive the third line of the data form. USER_PATTERN_LEN 1 USER_DEACTIVATE_PAT XXXXXXX0
5. Select the length of the user deactivation sequence pattern similar to Step 3. 6. After making the required selections, press <Enter> to end.
Table D-2. BERT Configuration Parameters

Parameter PATTERN Function Selects the test pattern for the data channel Values The available selections are the QRSS test pattern and the following pseudo-random sequences: 511, 2047, 2E15-1, 2E23-1. Default: 2E23-1 ERROR_INJECTION_R ATE Enables the injection of a calibrated rate of errors in the transmitted test pattern NO ERR Disables the injection of errors. SINGLE Injects a single error when is pressed (see DSP BERT command). 10E-1 Error injection at the rate 10E-1. Default: NO ERR RX_INBAND Enables the activation of a remote loopback in response to the reception of the inband loopback command from the remote system Selects between the standard and user-defined loopback pattern. ENABLE Inband loopback command accepted. DISABLE Inband loopback command ignored. Default: DISABLE
INBAND_LOOP_ PATTERN
RDL LOOP Data channel supports remote activated loop ANSI FT1/FE1 RDL (T1.403) USER CONFIG Data port supports remote activated loop on a user config pattern. Default: RDL LOOP
D-8
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Parameter USER_PATTERN_ LEN
Function Defines the length of the user-defined activation or deactivation sequence. 1- to 8-digit binary string 1- to 8-digit binary string
Values
Can be selected in the range of 1 to 8. Default: 1 Select 1 or 0 for each changeable binary place of the string. Select 1 or 0 for each changeable binary place of the string.
USER_ACTIVATE_ PAT USER_DEACTIVATE_P AT
DEF CALL
Purpose
Define the call-out parameters for the FCD-E1L dial-out operation. The specified call-out parameters are used by FCD-E1L to build the call command that is sent to the dial-out modem. The modem connected to the CONTROL DCE connector must be set up as follows (for convenience, the Hayes commands required to select the specified parameters are listed in brackets): Auto-answer mode (AT S0=1) Call set up in response to the CONNECT string (AT X0) No echo (AT E0) Verbose mode (no codes, e.g., CONNECT string instead of 0) (AT V1).
Syntax
DEF CALL
Use
1. To define the call-out parameters, type: DEF CALL<Enter> You will see the first page of the call-out parameters data form. A typical display is shown below. NUM_OF_RETRIES 0 WAIT_FOR_CONNECT 60SEC DIAL_MODE TONE ALT_NUM_NUMBER NO
2. Change the parameter values as follows: Bring the cursor to the beginning of the first field to be changed by pressing the spacebar. To change the selected field, press <F> or to scroll among the available selections. When the desired selection is displayed, press the spacebar to move to the next field. The call-out parameters displayed on the first page of the data form, and their range of values, are explained in Table D-3.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0 Command List D-9
3. When done, press <Enter> to display the second page of the call-out parameters data form. A typical display is shown below.
NEW PRIMARY NUMBER [MAX 20 CHARS] = 4. Enter a new primary directory number and press <Enter>. The directory number can include up to 20 digits, including the * and the # symbols. FCD-E1L displays the new primary directory number you have entered. CURRENT PRIMARY DIAL COMMNAND = 5. Press <Enter>: If the ALT_NUM_MODE parameter is NO (no alternate number), FCD-E1L will display the time and date, followed by the FCD-E1L prompt. If the ALT_NUM_MODE parameter is YES, press <Enter> to see the third page of the call-out parameters data form, used to enter a new alternate directory number. A typical display is shown below. 'primary number'
NEW ALTERNATE NUMBER [MAX 20 CHARS] = 6. Enter a new alternate directory number and press <Enter>. The directory number can include up to 20 digits, including the * and the # symbols. FCD-E1L displays the new alternate directory number you have entered.
CURRENT ALTERNATE DIAL COMMAND =
'alternate number'
7. After entering the desired directory number, press <Enter> to end.
D-10
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Table D-3. Call-Out Parameters

Parameter NUM_OF_ RETRIES Function This parameter is used to control the number of dialing retries. The NUM_OF_RETRIES parameter applies to both the primary and the alternate numbers: If the call is not established after dialing the primary 18 directory number the specified number of times, FCDE1L attempts to establish the call by dialing the alternate directory number (provided the use of an alternate number is enabled by means of the ALT_NUM_MODE parameter). Default: If the call cannot be established within the specified number of redialing attempts on neither of the two directory numbers, FCD-E1L stops the call attempts. When a new alarm report must be sent, the call attempts are started again. The user is notified that the call attempts failed by a message recorded in the alarm buffer (separate messages are provided for each directory number). The available selections are 30, 45, or 60 seconds. Values 0 No redialing attempts are made in case the call is not established on the first attempt. In case the call is not established on the first attempt, FCD-E1L will redial the specified number of times. 0
WAIT_FOR_ CONNECT
This parameter specifies the time FCD-E1L will wait for an answer after each dialing attempt.
If the called station does not answer within the specified Default: 30 time, FCD-E1L disconnects. If additional call attempts are allowed, FCD-E1L will redial immediately after disconnecting. DIAL_MODE This parameter is used to select the dialing mode. Select the dialing mode supported by the telephone network. TONE The modem is instructed to use DTMF dialing.
PULSE The modem is instructed to use pulse dialing. Default: TONE
ALT_NUM_ MODE
This parameter is used to control the use of an alternate NO number. The alternate number is dialed after the specified number of call attempts on the primary number failed.
No alternate number. In this case, the FCD-E1L stops the call attempts after the specified number of call attempts on the primary number failed. The use of an alternate number is enabled.
YES
Default: NO
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-11
DEF CH 1, DEF CH 2
Purpose
Define the data channel parameters. Refer to Table D-4 for the parameter description, allowable ranges and configuration guidelines.
Syntax
DEF CH 1 or DEF CH 2
Use
1. To define the data channel parameters, type: DEF CH 1<Enter> or DEF CH 2<Enter> The first line of the channel parameters data form is displayed. A typical form is shown below. SPEED 1536 (KBPS) FIFO_SIZE AUTO CLOCK MODE DCE CTS ON CLOCK_POLARITY NORMAL
2. Change the desired parameters and then press <Enter> to display the next line. If the upper channel (CH2) interface is IR-ETH, you will see the Ethernet port configuration parameters line, otherwise you will see the timeslot mapping line (Step 3 below). A typical Ethernet port configuration parameters line is shown below. ETHERNET MODE HALF BRIDGING TRANS
3. Change the desired parameters and then press <Enter> to display the next line. A typical form for IR-ETN/QN is shown below. FAULT_PROPAGATION DISABLE 4. When fault propagation is enabled, the LAN will close due to a WAN fault. Change the desired parameters and then press <Enter> to display the next line. A typical form is shown below. MAP_MODE SEQ START_TS 01 TS_TYPE DATA
5. When done, press <Enter>. If in Step 3 the MAP_MODE has been set to SEQ, the FCD-E1L will display time and date, followed by the FCD-E1L prompt. If the MAP_MODE has been set to USER, after you press <Enter> you will see the first line of the data channel timeslot map. A typical display is shown below:
D-12
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
TS TYPE
: :
NO 1 DATA
NO 2 NC
NO 3 DATA
NO 4 DATA
NO 5 DATA
NO 6 NC
NO 7 NC
Use the spacebar to move between timeslots. For each timeslot, select between DATA (timeslot allocated to the data channel) and NC (not connected) by pressing <F> or . After completing the first line, press <Enter> to continue to the next line. Repeat the procedure until all the timeslots are defined. The maximum number of timeslots is 24. 6. When done, press <Enter> to end.
Table D-4. Data Channel Configuration Parameters

Parameter SPEED Function Indicates user channel data rate (for Ethernet LAN interface indicates the throughput) Values Multiples of the basic rate 64 kbps, or NC (not connected). Configuration Guidelines
Select the data rate used by the equipment connected to the data channel. The speed is The multiples are in the range a multiple n, of the basic rate. n, in the range of 1 through 24, actually indicates the of 1 to 24, resulting in rates of 64, 128, 192,..., 1536 kbps, number of main link timeslots that are needed to carry the data stream connected respectively. to the channel. When the main link framing mode is G732S, the maximum is 30, resulting in a maximum payload rate of 1920 kbps. Default: NC
FIFO_SIZE
Selects the size of the user FIFO buffer used in the data channel
AUTO Automatic size selection in accordance with the jitter that must be tolerated at each data rate. 32, 60, 104, 144 Buffer size, in bits (corresponds to FIFO lengths of 16, 30, 52 and 72 bits). Default: AUTO
In the DCE and DTE1 clock modes, it is not necessary to increase the FIFO size because the buffer size is automatically set by FCDE1L. If the DTE2 mode is used and the jitter expected in a specific application is higher than what can be tolerated when using the automatically selected size, you can manually select a FIFO size greater than the AUTO size.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-13
Parameter CLOCK MODE
Function Selects the clocking mode of this user data channel. For the Ethernet interface, only the DCE mode is supported, and therefore it cannot be changed
Values DCE FCD-E1L operates as a DCE and provides transmit and receive clocks to the synchronous user DTE. DTE1 FCD-E1L supplies the receive clock to the user equipment and accepts the user transmit clock. DTE2 FCD-E1L requires transmit and receive clocks from the user equipment. Default: DCE
Configuration Guidelines Select the clock mode in accordance with the type of equipment connected to the user data channel: DCE For direct connection to a synchronous DTE. DTE1 For connection via a modem with external clock or another equipment that accepts a receive clock and outputs a transmit clock. DTE2 For connection via a modem or other type of equipment (such as a multiplexer), that provides both receive and transmit clocks. You must select this mode when FCD-E1L timing is to be locked to an external clock (see CLK MASTER), or the external clock is intended for use as a fallback reference (see CLK FBACK).
Note: The accuracy and stability of the external source clock must be compatible with system requirements, otherwise severe disruptions in network operation may occur.
CTS Selects the state of the CTS line in the user data channel (not applicable to Ethernet interface) ON CTS continuously on =RTS CTS line follows the RTS line Default: ON Select in accordance with the desired operation mode of the channel. In general, you should use =RTS for operation in the polling mode. In this case, when the RTS line is OFF, the local FCD-E1L channel continuously sends MARK in its main link timeslots.
Note: When the CTS line is not active (CTS=OFF), the user data interface generates an all-ones signal, transmitted via the main link to the far end.
CLOCK POLARITY Selects the polarity of NORMAL Rising edge of the clock signal, relative clock waveform appears in to the data the middle of the bit interval For FCD-E1L with Ethernet interface, this parameter is fixed at NORMAL. INVERT The falling edge of clock waveform appears in the middle of the bit interval Default: NORMAL
D-14
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Parameter MAP MODE
Function Selects the timeslot allocation method used for the data channel
Values USER Free user selection of timeslots. SEQ Sequential allocation of timeslots, starting from a user-specified slot. Default: USER
Configuration Guidelines Select the desired mode, in accordance with system requirements. Remember that it is necessary to assign the number of main link timeslots equal to n, the multiple of the basic rate that determines the channel data rate. Therefore, when you select the SEQ mode and a starting timeslot, FCD-E1L attempts to allocate the required number n of timeslots to the channel. Such conflicts are automatically detected and reported by error messages. In case of conflict, you may use the USER mode to assign individual free timeslots to the data channel, until the required number of timeslot is reached.
Note: All the timeslots assigned to the data channel are always defined as data timeslots; this, however, does not preclude their use as voice channel carriers.
START_TS Selects the starting timeslot for SEQ timeslot allocation Any number in the range of 1 to 24, consistent with the desired number of user timeslots Default: 1 TS_TYPE Selects the timeslot connection state for SEQ timeslot allocation NC Timeslot not connected DATA Timeslot is connected and is handled as a data timeslot Default: NC
Note: When USER is selected in MAP MODE parameter, START_TS and TS_TYPE fields show N/A.
ETHERNET MODE Selects the Ethernet LAN traffic transfer mode. This parameter is displayed only for FCD-E1L with IR-ETH interface HALF Half duplex operation. FULL Full duplex operation (available only for UTP versions). Default: HALF
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-15
Parameter BRIDGING
Function Selects the Ethernet traffic processing mode. This parameter is displayed only for FCDE1L with IR-ETH interface
Values FILTER The internal bridge of FCD-E1L is enabled, and filters the traffic transferred to the remote end. TRANS The internal bridge of FCD-E1L is disabled, and the Ethernet traffic is transparently transferred (LAN extender function). Default: TRANS
Configuration Guidelines
FAULT PROPAGATION
When enabled, the LAN is closed under the following conditions: loss of WAN signal, local or remote sync loss in framed mode, or reception of AIS in unframed mode.
DISABLE: Fault propagation is disabled. ENABLE: Fault propagation is enabled. Default: DISABLE
Note: For IR-ETH/QN only.
DEF DNLOAD ML
Purpose
Define the inband management communication parameters. Refer to Table D-5 for the parameter description, allowable ranges and configuration guidelines.
Format
DEF DNLOAD ML
Use
1. To define the inband management communication parameters for the main link, type: DEF DNLOAD ML<Enter> The first line of the data form is displayed. A typical line is shown below: DNLOAD MODE NONE 2. Select the desired mode, and then press <Enter>. If the FRAME RL or TS0/F TS mode is selected, the following line of the data form appears: TS_NUM 1 SPEED 64
3. Select the desired timeslot. The management data rate is always 64 kbps. 4. When done, press <Enter>.
D-16
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Table D-5. Download Configuration Parameters

Parameter Function Values Configuration Guidelines
DNLOAD MODE
Selects the inband transmission mode for the selected link
NONE Inband SNMP and Telnet traffic is ignored and FCD-E1L does not generate such traffic TS0/F Inband SNMP and Telnet traffic is received and transmitted in timeslot 0 FRAME_RL Inband SNMP and Telnet traffic is received and transmitted in a dedicated, user-selected timeslot, using frame relay protocol Default: NONE
TS NUM
Selects the dedicated Any number in the range of 1 through 24, timeslot used for the main consistent with the available timeslots link. Default: 1 Selects the data rate used to transfer inband management traffic for the main link. Fixed at 64 kbps.
This parameter is displayed only when FR mode is selected This parameter is displayed only when FR mode is selected.
SPEED
DEF MANAGER LIST

Purpose
Define or modify the network management stations to which the SNMP agent of this FCD-E1L system will send traps. Up to five managers can be defined. Entering the IP address and corresponding subnet mask defines each network management station.
Syntax
DEF MANAGER LIST
Use
1. To define a management station, type: DEF MANAGER LIST<Enter> You will see the old list of managers, in the following format:
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-17
OLD MANAGERS LIST PARAMETERS MANAGER 1 IP ADDRESS IS : 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000
MANAGER 1 SUBNET MASK IS : MANAGER 2 IP ADDRESS IS :
MANAGER 5 SUBNET MASK IS :
After the old table, you will see the first line of the managers list data form, which is used to define the IP address of the first management station. 2. Type in the IP address of the desired management station. Use the dotted-quad format (four groups of digits in the range of 0 through 255, separated by periods). 3. After filling in the required address, press <Enter> to display the next line, and then type in the subnet mask in the dotted-quad format. The mask consists of four groups of digits in the range of 0 to 255, separated by periods. The net section must consist of 1s. A typical data form, as seen after both lines used to define the first management station have been filled in, is shown below: MANAGER 1 IP ADDRESS MANAGER 1 SUBNET MASK 999.999.999.999 999.999.999.999
4. Repeat step 3 to define the additional management stations (2 through 5). After pressing <Enter> for the subnet mask of the fifth manager, you will see the full updated list.
DEF ML
Purpose
Select the main link parameters. Refer to Table D-6 for the parameter description, allowable ranges and configuration guidelines.
Syntax
DEF ML
Use
1. To define the main link parameters, type: DEF ML<Enter>
D-18
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
You will see the main link parameters data form. A typical data form is shown below: FRAME ESF CODE B8ZS MASK 000 SYNC FAST IDLE_TS_CODE FF INTERFACE DSU RX_GAIN LONG
2. Select the desired parameters, and then press <Enter>.
Table D-6. Link Configuration Parameters

Parameter Function Values Configuration Guidelines
FRAME
Selects the multiframing mode for the main link
SF (D4): 12 frames per multiframe. ESF: 24 frames per multiframe. Default: ESF
CODE
Selects the line coding method used for zero suppression
TRAN: Transparent (AMI) coding, no processing for zero suppression B7ZS: B7ZS coding
B8ZS: B8ZS coding Default: B8ZS
Note: Clear channel
capability is available only with B8ZS coding.
MASK
Controls the link transmit signal characteristics. The displayed options depend on the link interface hardware (with or without CSU).
For links without CSU: 1. DSX-1 operation: The following selections, indicating the line length in feet, are available: Length (ft) 0-133 133-266 266-399 399-533 533-655 Display 000133266399533-
2. FCC68A - provides compliance with the FCC Rule 68.308 Option A output pulse mask. Default for links without CSU: 0-133 For links with CSU: 0 No attenuation 7.5 Attenuation of 7.5 dB relative to the nominal transmit level 15 Attenuation of 15 dB relative to the nominal transmit level 22.5 Attenuation of 22.5 dB relative to the nominal transmit level Default for links with CSU: 0
When the link does not include a CSU, the transmit signal mask can be selected in accordance with the transmit line length, to meet DSX-1 requirements, as specified by AT&T CB119, or operation in accordance with FCC Rules Part 68A. When the link includes a CSU, the transmit signal can be attenuated by 7.5, 15, or 22.5 dB, to meet the requirements of FCC Rules Part 68A
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-19
Parameter
Function
Values
SYNC
Used to change the frame alignment algorithms, to reduce the time required for the link to return to normal operation after the end of a link red alarm event
62411 Complies with AT&T TR-62411 (after 10 sec.) FAST After 1 second Default: FAST
IDLE_TS_ CODE
Selects the code The following bit sequences are generally used transmitted to fill idle (represented as hexadecimal numbers): 7F, 98, (unused) time slots in the FF. You can also select any other sequence. main link frame. Default: 00 Determines units displayed in MASK field. DSU Parameters in MASK field are dispayed in feet. CSU Parameters displayed in MASK field are displayed in dB Attenuation. Default: DSU
INTERFACE
RX GAIN
Determines the maximum attenuation of the receive signal that can be compensated for by the main link receive path, to obtain the BER performance required by the standards
LONG Maximum attenuation of 36 dB SHORT Maximum attenuation of 10 dB Default: LONG
The lower attenuation available with the SHORT value may actually improve the performance when operating over relatively short line sections, especially when operating over multi-pair cables. In such cables, significant interference is generated by the signals carried by other pairs and therefore, a weak desired signal may be masked by the interference.
DEF NAME
Purpose
Define the node name (up to eight alphanumeric characters).
Syntax
DEF NAME
Use
D-20 Command List FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
1. To define the FCD-E1L node name, type: DEF NAME<Enter> FCD-E1L displays the current name in the following format: OLD NAME = old name
where old name is the name FCD-E1L is currently assigned. The current name is followed by the name entry form: ENTER NODE NAME (MAX 8 CHARACTERS) = 2. Type the desired name, and then press <Enter>. The new name is displayed in the following format: CURRENT NAME = 'name'
where name is the FCD-E1L current node name.
DEF NODE
Purpose
Define the FCD-E1L node number, or address. The allowed range is 0 to 255. Use this command to manage several devices connected over a multidrop management cable. By default, all devices are set to NODE 0 unless changed by the user.
Syntax
DEF NODE
Use
1. To define the FCD-E1L node number, type: DEF NODE<Enter> FCD-E1L displays the node entry form: NODE (0 to 255) = 2. Type the desired number in the range of 0 to 255, and then press <Enter>. After configuring a new node address, typing will not appear on the screen until the device is first identified by node number. 3. To communicate with a device after a new node number was set, blind type: NODE<SP>number<SP><Enter> where number is the node number of the desired device.
DEF PROMPT
Purpose
Select the supervisory port prompt.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-21
Syntax
DEF PROMPT
Use
1. To select the supervisory port prompt, type: DEF PROMPT <Enter> The prompt selection form is displayed. A typical dorm is shown below: PROMPT_TYPE PRODUCT_NAME 2. To change the current selection, press <F> or , then press <Enter> to end. The available selections are as follows: PRODUCT_NAME GIVEN_NAME The prompt displays the equipment type, FCD, followed by >. The prompt consists of the logical name assigned by means of the DEF NAME command, followed by >.
DEF PWD
Purpose
Define a new user password for FCD-E1L.
Syntax
DEF PWD
Use
1. To define a new user password, type: DEF PWD<Enter> The current password entry screen appears:
OLD PASSWORD = old password where old password is the current password. The current password is followed by the password entry form:
NEW PASSWORD [4 TO 6 CHARS] = 2. Type the required password (4 to 6 characters). Carefully check that the specified password has been indeed typed in, and then press <Enter>. The new password is displayed in the following format:
CURRENT PASSWORD = password
D-22
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Note
Before entering a new password, make sure that the PASSWORD section of the FCD-E1L internal switch S1 is not set to ON, because in such case the default password (RAD) is enforced.
DEF ROUTE
Purpose
Define the network management stations to be statically routed via the supervisory port. Up to five stations can be defined. The data is sent to the defined stations via the supervisory port regardless whether the station was predefined in the FCD-E1L network database or not.
Syntax
DEF ROUTE
Use
The use and the display format are similar to the DEF MANAGER LIST command. The typical display is shown below: ROUTE ROUTE ROUTE ROUTE ROUTE IP IP IP IP IP ADDRESS ADDRESS ADDRESS ADDRESS ADDRESS 1 2 3 4 5 IS: IS: IS: IS: IS: = = = = = 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000 000.000.000.000
DEF SP
Purpose
Define the supervisory (CONTROL DCE) port parameters. Refer to Table D-7 for the parameter description, allowable ranges and configuration guidelines.
Syntax
DEF SP
Use
1. To define the supervisory port parameters, type: DEF SP<Enter> The first line of the supervisory port parameters data form is displayed. A typical form is shown below. The form presents the current parameter values as defaults. SPEED AUTO DATA 8 PARITY NONE INTERFACE DCE CTS =RTS DCD_DEL 0_MSEC DSR ON
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-23
2. Change the parameter values by bringing the cursor to the beginning of the first field to be changed using the spacebar, and then press <F> or to scroll among the available selections. When the desired selection is displayed, press the spacebar to move to the next field. 3. When done, press <Enter> to display the second line of the supervisory port parameters data form. A typical display is shown below. POP_ALM NO PWD LOG_OFF ACTIVATE_CALL_OUT AUXILIARY_DEVICE NO NO TERMINAL CALL_OUT_TRIGER NONE ANY CASE
4. After the desired parameter values are selected, press <Enter> to end, and then press <Enter> to reconnect to FCD-E1L.
Table D-7. Supervisory Port Configuration Parameters

Parameter SPEED Function Selects supervisory port data rate. Values 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 Supervisory port data rates in bps AUTO Autobaud operation. Default: AUTO Configuration Guidelines Select AUTO in order for FCDE1L to automatically identify the incoming traffic data rate. To enable positive identification, the transmission must start with three consecutive Enters. Do not use Autobaud when the CONTROL DCE port is configured for the SLIP or PPP protocol. DATA Selects the number of data bits in the CONTROL DCE port word format Controls the use of parity 7, 8 Number of data bits Default: 8 The supervisory port word format should be the same as on the terminal. The supervisory port word format should be the same as on the terminal.
PARITY
ODD Odd parity EVEN Even parity NONE Parity disabled Default: NONE
INTERFACE
Selects supervisory port interface
DCE The CONTROL DCE port appears as a DCE for external equipment DTE The CONTROL DCE port appears as a DTE, for connection via modem to the external equipment Default: DCE
Select DCE when FCD-E1L is connected directly to the terminal. Select DTE when FCD-E1L is connected to the terminal via a modem.
CTS
Controls the state of the CTS line in the CONTROL DCE port
ON The CTS line is always ON (active). =RTS The CTS line follows the RTS line. Default: =RTS
D-24
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Parameter DCD_DEL
Function
Values
With the CONTROL The available values are 0, 10, 50, 100, 200, DCE port defined as and 300 msec. If you select a non-zero value when the port interface is DTE, indicates the programmed as DCE, you will receive an delay (in msec) error message. between DCD=ON and sending of data Default: 0 Controls the state of the DSR line ON The DSR line is continuously on. It will switch to OFF for five seconds after the DTR line is switched OFF. If you select DSR=ON when INT=DTE, you will receive an error message. =DTR The DSR line tracks the DTR line. Default: ON
DSR
POP_ALM
Controls the automatic sending of alarms to a terminal connected to the CONTROL DCE port
YES The terminal automatically displays every 10 minutes the alarm status (or whenever an alarm which is not masked using the DEF ALM MASK command changes to ON). NO The automatic display feature is disabled. Default: NO
PWD
Controls password protection
YES Password protection enabled. NO Password protection disabled. Default: NO
LOG_OFF
Controls the idle disconnect time of the CONTROL DCE port
NO Automatic session disconnection disabled. To disconnect the session, use the BYE command. 3_MIN Automatic disconnection after 3 minutes if no input data is received by the CONTROL DCE port. 10_MIN Automatic disconnection after 10 minutes if no input data is received by the CONTROL DCE port. Default: NO
CALL_OUT_ TRIGGER
Controls the use of the call-out trigger
NONE The call-out function is disabled ALL FCD-E1L will initiate a call after each new alarm MAJOR FCD-E1L will initiate a call only when a new major alarm condition is detected. Default: NONE
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-25
Parameter ACTIVATE_ CALL_OUT
Function If CALL_OUT_ TRIGGER is not set to NONE, defines when the call-out function is activated
Values ANY CASE Call-out is activated in any case. LINK FAIL Call-out is activated only when a link failure occurs or there is local or remote synchronization loss. Default: ANY CASE TERMINAL The CONTROL port supports only management by means of a supervision terminal. The CONTROL port connects to an SNMP management station and/or Telnet host, using the SLIP protocol. The CONTROL port is connected to another agent port using the SLIP protocol. Same as NMS SLIP, except that the PPP protocol is used.
AUXILIARY_D EVICE
Selects the management mode supported by the CONTROL DCE port.
NMS SLIP
Select SLIP-NMS when the supervisory port must be able to use the SLIP protocol, for example SNMP or Telnet management. Select TERMINAL if only the supervision terminal must be supported.
AGENT SLIP
NMS PPP
DEF SYS
Purpose
Define the system parameters. Refer to Table D-8 for the parameter description, allowable ranges and configuration guidelines.
Syntax
DEF SYS
Use
To define the FCD-E1L system parameters, type: DEF SYS<Enter> The system parameters data form is displayed. A typical form is shown below. The form presents the current parameter values as defaults.
CLK_MASTER ML
CLK_FBACK NONE
DATE_FORMAT YYYY-MM-DD
LEARNING_MODE ENABLE
After the desired parameter values are selected, press <Enter> to end.
D-26
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Table D-8. System Configuration Parameters

Designation CLK_MASTER Function Selects the master system timing reference. Values INT Internal oscillator. ML Locked to the recovered main link receive clock CH1 Locked to the external clock supplied to the user data channel 1, provided the channel timing mode is DTE2 CH2 Locked to the external clock supplied to the user data channel 2, provided the channel timing mode is DTE2 Default: ML CLK_FBACK Selects the alternate (fallback) system timing reference, for use in case the master reference fails. NONE No fallback source is used. In this case, the internal oscillator is automatically selected when the master reference fails ML Locked to the recovered main link receive clock CH1 Locked to the external clock supplied to the user data channel 1, provided the channel timing mode is DTE2 CH2 Locked to the external clock supplied to the user data channel 2, provided the channel timing mode is DTE2 N/A Appears when the internal oscillator has been selected as master reference, and therefore fallback source is not relevant. Default: NONE DATE_FORMAT Selects the date display format The available selections are DD/MM/YYYY, MM/DD/YYYY, and YYYY-MM-DD. Default: YYYY-MM-DD LEARNING_MODE Enables automatic setup of T1 parameters and timeslot assignment ENABLE T1 learning mode is enabled DISABLE T1 learning mode is disabled Default: ENABLE Select a source different from that selected as master. Select NONE to disable switching to the fallback source. In this case, the default fallback clock source is the FCD-E1L internal clock oscillator. Configuration Guidelines Select ML for connection to carrier lines. Select CH1 for connection to a data network. Select INT at one end and ML at the other end for point-to-point lines.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-27
DEF TERM
Purpose
Define the control codes for use with one of the following types of terminals: TV920, VT52, VT100, Freedom 100/110 or Freedom 220, or reset the codes to 0. If you are using a different type of terminal, use the F command to define the desired codes. The codes used by the above-mentioned terminals are listed in Table D-9.
Table D-9. Supervision Terminal Control Codes

Function TV920 Clear Screen Cursor Home Cursor Right 1B2A0000 1E000000 0C000000 VT52 N/A 1B480000 1B424000 Terminal Type VT100 1B5B324A 1B5B4800 1B5B3143 Freedom 100/110 1B2A0000 1E000000 0C000000 Freedom 220 1B5B324A 1B5B4800 1B5B0143
Syntax
DEF TERM {terminal type}
Use
1. To reset the terminal control codes to 0, type: DEF TERM<Enter> 2. To select the control codes for one of the above-mentioned types, type: DEF TERM terminal type<Enter> where terminal type stands for TV920, VT52, VT100, Freedom100, or Freedom220. 3. Press <Enter> again to end.
DSP AGENT
Purpose
Display the FCD-E1L agent parameters.
Syntax
DSP AGENT
Use
To display the agent parameters, type: DSP AGENT<Enter>
D-28
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
You will see the SNMP parameters data form. A typical form is shown below: AGENT PARAMETERS AGENT NAME IP ADDRESS IS : : = XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX
Refer to the DEF AGENT section for an explanation of the information displayed by this command.
DSP ALM
Purpose
Display the contents of the alarm buffer. This buffer can contain up to 100 alarms.
Syntax
DSP ALM [Option]
Use
1. To display the complete contents of the buffer, type: DSP ALM<Enter> 2. To display the complete buffer contents and then clear all the alarms, type: DSP ALM /CA<Enter> The contents of the alarm buffer are displayed as a table with four columns. The columns include the alarm code, alarm description, the link on which the alarm condition has been detected, alarm status, date and time of occurrence. A header precedes each block of alarms received from an FCD-E1L. The header lists the node number and the assigned node name, and it serves as an easily identified separator between the alarms transmitted by different FCD-E1L units. The alarm messages that can be displayed by the terminal are explained in Chapter 5.
DSP BERT CH 1
Purpose
Display the results of an on-going bit error ratio measurement on the data channel. When monitoring the BERT results, you may also start and stop error injection, and restart the error count by clearing the accumulated error results.
Note
Monitoring is not possible when using Telnet.

The error injection rate is defined by means of the DEF BERT CH 1 command.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-29
Syntax
DSP BERT CH 1
Use
1. To display the current results of the BER test on the data channel, type: DSP BERT CH 1<Enter> 2. To display the current results of the BER test and then reset the error count, type: DSP BERT CH 1 /C<Enter> 3. To monitor the results of the BERT test, type: DSP BERT CH 1 /R<Enter> In this case, you will see the commands you can use while monitoring the BER test results, and then the results themselves. PRESS I FOR ERRORS INJECT PRESS S FOR STOP ERRORS INJECT PRESS C TO CLEAR ERROR BITS
Note
When using the single-error mode, pressing I injects a single error. To inject an additional error, first press S before pressing I.
To stop the monitoring and obtain again the command prompt, press <CTRL+C> (BREAK). When using Telnet, it is not possible to monitor the results. Therefore, use the following command to display the results and start the injection of errors: DSP BERT CH 1 /I<Enter> and the command DSP BERT CH 1 /S<Enter> to display the results and then stop the injection of errors. The BER test results displayed on the screen are correct for the instant the display command has been issued (or since the last time the counters have been cleared, whichever occurred last). When the /R option is used, the results are periodically updated. The results are presented in the following format:
BERT OF CHANNEL - 1 ERROR_BITS RUN_TIME(SEC) 0 100
ERRORS(SEC) 0
SYNC_LOSS(SEC) 0
ERROR_INJECT OFF
The display fields are as follows:
D-30
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
ERROR_BITS RUN_TIME(SEC) ERRORS(SEC)
Total number of bit errors detected. Total time the test is running. Total number of seconds in which errors have been detected. Total number of seconds in which loss of frame alignment occurred. Indicates whether errors are injected (ON) or not (OFF).
SYNC LOSS(SEC)
ERROR INJECT(SEC)
Note
All the counters have a range of 0 through 65535. When the maximum value is reached, the counter freezes, therefore in general a value of 65535 indicates the counter has overflown.
DSP HDR TST

Purpose
Display the results of the last hardware test (made during power-on self-test and during regular operation).
Syntax
DSP HDR TST
Use
To display the hardware test report, type: DSP HDR TST<Enter>
Display Format
The display has one field that shows NO ERROR if everything checks well, or lists the detected problem: EPROM FAILURE, I/O EXP FAILURE, COUNTER FAILURE, ILLEGL SYS CNFG or SFIFO FAIL.
DSP MANAGER LIST

Purpose
Display the network management stations to which the SNMP agent of this FCD-E1L system sends traps. The information that is provided for each network management station includes its IP address and the corresponding subnet mask.
Syntax
DSP MANAGER LIST
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-31
Use
To display the current list of network management stations, type: DSP MANAGER LIST<Enter> You will see the list of network management stations that receive traps generated by this FCD-E1L system. A typical display is shown below:
MANAGERS LIST PARAMETERS MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 IP ADDRESS IS SUBNET MASK IS IP ADDRESS IS SUBNET MASK IS IP ADDRESS IS SUBNET MASK IS IP ADDRESS IS SUBNET MASK IS IP ADDRESS IS SUBNET MASK IS := XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX : XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX : XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX : XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX : XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX : XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX : XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX : XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX : XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX : XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX
DSP PM ML
Purpose
Display the contents of the performance monitoring registers specified by AT&T Pub. 54016. For an explanation of the performance monitoring registers, refer to the Performance Diagnostic Data section in Chapter 5.
Syntax
DSP PM ML [/C] [/CA]
Use
1. To display the main link performance monitoring registers, type: DSP PM ML<Enter> 2. To display the performance monitoring registers, and then clear only the event register, type: DSP PM ML /C<Enter> 3. To display the performance monitoring registers, clear all the performance monitoring registers of the main link, and restart the count intervals, type: DSP PM ML /CA<Enter> The performance monitoring registers are listed in the following order (the numbers in brackets indicate the range of values for each register):
D-32
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
PM OF MAIN LINK
ESF ERROR EVENTS CURRENT ES CURRENT UAS CURRENT SES CURRENT BES CURRENT LES CURRENT SEFS CURRENT LOFC CURRENT CSS CURRENT DM CURRENT TIMER
= = = = =
[0]..... [65535] [0]..... [900] [0]..... [900] [0]..... [900] [0]..... [900] [0]..... [900] [0]..... [900]
= =
[0]..... [255] [0]..... [255]
[0]..... [900]
INTERVAL mm ES=nnn UAS=nnn BES=nnn LES=nnn SEFS=nnn SES=nnn LOFC=nnn CSS=nnn DM=nnn 24 HOUR ES 24 HOUR UAS 24 HOUR SES 24 HOUR BES 24 HOUR LES 24 HOUR SEFS 24 HOUR LOFC 24 HOUR CSS 24 DEGRADE MIN LAST 24 DEGRADE MIN 24 INTERVAL = = = = = = = = = [0]..... [65535] [0]..... [65535] [0]..... [65535] [0]..... [65535] [0]..... [65535] [0]..... [65535] [0]..... [255] [0]..... [255] [0]..... [1440] [0]..... [1440] [0]..... [96]
where mm is 0 to 96, and nnn is 0 to 900.
DSP REM AGENT

Purpose
Display information on the remote SNMP agents that are known to the FCD-E1L IP router, provided SNMP management is enabled.
Syntax
DSP REM AGENT
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-33
Use
1. To display the remote agent information, type: DSP REM AGENT<Enter> A typical table listing the remote agents is shown below: IP ADDRESS 01) 02) 192.114.050.002 192.114.150.122 MUX NAME New-York Chicago DISTANCE 013 009
The fields displayed for each agent are as follows: IP ADDRESS MUX NAME DISTANCE The IP address of the remote agent. The logical name of the remote agent. Metric that indicates the logical distance (through the management network) to the remote agent, and is used, among other factors, in the selection of the optimal route to be used by the management traffic.
2. To display the remote agent information including management stations that are connected to FCD-E1L, type: DSP REM AGENT /A<Enter> You will see a table listing the remote agents. A typical table is shown below: IP ADDRESS 01) 02) 03) 04) 05) 06) 07) 08) 192.114.029.209 192.168.238.196 192.168.238.244 192.114.027.036 192.168.238.061 192.168.238.001 192.168.200.253 192.168.238.203 MUX NAME ** NMS ** ** NMS ** ** NMS ** ** NMS ** ** NMS ** ** NMS ** ** NMS ** fcd245 DISTANCE 030 030 030 030 030 030 030 006
DSP ST CH
Purpose
Display status information on the data channel.
Syntax
DSP ST CH X (X=1 or 2)
D-34
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Use
To display the data channel status information, type: DSP ST CH X<Enter> A typical channel status display is shown below: STATUS OF CHANNEL X LOOPS TYPE = LOCAL NO PORT STATE = = REMOTE NO BERT NO T_INBAND NO R_INBAND NO
NOT CONNECTED OFF V.35
RTS/CONTROL STATE INTERFACE =
The fields included in the status information display are listed below: LOOPS Displays the current state of the loops and tests on the data channel. The LOCAL field indicates the local loopback state: NO local loopback is deactivated. YES local loopback is activated. The REMOTE field indicates the remote loopback state: NO remote loopback is deactivated. YES remote loopback is activated. The BERT field indicates the BER test state: NO BER test is deactivated. YES BER test is activated. T_INBAND R_INBAND This field displays YES to indicate that the user requested the sending of the inband remote loopback activation sequence. This field displays YES when a loopback has been connected as a result of the reception of the inband remote loopback activation sequence. Displays whether the data channel is connected to the main link: CONNECTED the channel is connected. NOT CONNECTED the channel is not connected. RTS STATE Displays the RTS line state in the channel connector: OFF the RTS line is not active. ON the RTS line is active. INTERFACE Displays the interface type: V.35 V.35 interface X.21 X.21 interface
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0 Command List D-35
PORT STATE
RS-232 V.24/RS-232 interface RS-530 RS-530 interface or V.36/RS-449 via an adaptor cable 10baseT Ethernet 10BaseT bridge 10/100BaseT Ethernet 10/100BaseT bridge with VLAN support IP ROUTER Ethernet 10BaseT IP router
DSP ST ML
Purpose
Display main link status information.
Syntax
DSP ST ML [/C]
Use
1. To display the main link status information, type: DSP ST ML<Enter> 2. To display the main link status information, and then clear its error event registers, type: DSP ST ML /C<Enter> A typical main link status display follows: STATUS OF TYPE FUNCTION ALARMS MAIN LINK = T1 = COPPER UNBALANCE RED === OFF LOOPS LOCAL ===== NO DNLOAD MODE OOS CNTR = NONE = 0 DIGITAL REMOTE ====== NO LOCAL ===== NO YELLOW ====== OFF ANALOG REMOTE ====== NO PLB === NO LLB === NO
The fields included in the status information displays are listed below: TYPE INTERFACE Indicates the main link interface, T1. Indicates the main link interface type: COPPER LTU or COPPER DSU, balanced or unbalanced
D-36
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
ALARMS
Indicates the state of the port alarms: RED - state of local frame synchronization. YELLOW - state of remote frame synchronization.
LOOPS
Indicates the state of loops that can be activated on the main link: User-activated: local and remote loopbacks. Analog or digital.
DNLOAD MODE OOS CNTR
Displays the inband management mode selected for the main link: TS0/F, FRAME RL Displays the number of local loss of frame alignment events detected since the last time the counters were cleared.
DSP ST SYS
Purpose
Display system status information.
Syntax
DSP ST SYS
Use
To view the system status, type: DSP ST SYS<Enter> A typical system status display is shown below. NODE = node number NAME = FCD-E1L name NODAL CLOCK = INT SOFTWARE VER = 01.00 HARDWARE VER = 00.02 FCD TYPE = T1/1 POWER SUPPLY = DC The fields included in the system status information displays are listed below: NODE NAME NODAL CLOCK SOFTWARE VER HARDWARE VER The node number (0 through 255) assigned to the FCDE1L. The system name assigned to the FCD-E1L. Indicates the nodal clock source: INT, CH1, CH2 or ML. The software version of the FCD-E1L. The hardware version of the FCD-E1L.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-37
FCD TYPE
Indicates the type and number of data channels of the FCD device
DSP TS
Purpose
Display information on the use and type of main link timeslots.
Syntax
DSP TS
Use
To display the timeslot information, type: DSP TS<Enter> A typical display is shown below: TS : TYPE : DEST : 01 DATA CH1 02 NC NA 03 DATA CH2 04 DATA NA 05 DATA NA 06 NC NA 07 08 09 DATA NA 10 NC NA
DEDIC DATA ML CH1
TS : TYPE : DEST :
11 DATA CH1
12 NC NA
13 DATA CH1
14 DATA NA
15 DATA NA
16 DATA NA
17 NC NA
18 DATA CH2
19 DATA NA
20 NC NA
TS : TYPE : DEST :
21 DATA CH1
22 NC NA
23 DATA NA
24 DATA CH2
The fields included in the timeslot displays are listed below: TS TYPE Indicates the main link timeslot number, 1 through 24. Indicates the timeslot type: NA - timeslot not connected (FCD-E1L inserts the idle code in such timeslots). DATA - data channel. DEDIC - timeslot dedicated to management traffic. DEST Indicates the port (or channel) using that timeslot. ML - main link. CH1 - data channel 1
D-38
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
CH2 - data channel 2.
EXIT
Purpose
End the current communication session.
Syntax
EXIT
Use
To end the current communication session, type: EXIT<Enter>
F
Purpose
Define the codes used to be sent to the supervision terminal to perform the following terminal control functions: Clear screen. Move cursor to screen home position. Move cursor to the right by one position.
If you have a TV920, VT52, VT100, Freedom 100 or Freedom 220 terminal, you can use the DEF TERM command to set the control codes for that terminal.
Syntax
F
Use
1. To display the current codes, type: F<Enter> The terminal function entry screen is displayed. The screen includes three separate lines, displayed one after the other. A typical screen, showing all the three lines, is shown below: CLEAR SCREEN CURSOR HOME CURSOR RIGHT =hhhhhhhh =hhhhhhhh =hhhhhhhh
where h indicates hexadecimal digits. 2. To change a code, enter the appropriate hexadecimal digit under the first digit of the code, the cursor advances to the next digit.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-39
3. Repeat the procedure until all the necessary digits are changed, and then press <Enter> to end.
HELP
Purpose
Display an index of the supervision terminal commands used in the explicit mode, and the options available for each command.
Syntax
HELP
Use
Type: HELP<Enter> You will see the first HELP page. Press the spacebar to see the next page.
INIT DB
Purpose
Load the default parameter values in Table D-10 instead of users configuration.
Syntax
INIT DB
Use
To load the default parameters, type: INIT DB<Enter> FCD-E1L displays the following message: FCD Supervisory Port On Line. Type 'H' for help and then the time and date fields followed by the FCD-E1L prompt.
D-40
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Table D-10. FCD-E1L Default Configuration Used with Supervision Terminal

Type General Parameter Designation PASSWORD NODE (node number) CLEAR SCREEN CURSOR HOME CURSOR right CLK_MASTER CLK_FBACK DATE_FORMAT LEARNING_MODE FRAME CODE SYNC IDLE_TS_CODE RX_GAIN MASK INTERFACE RAI MODE TS NUM SPEED SPEED MAP_MODE START_TS TS TYPE FIFO_SIZE CLOCK_MODE CTS ETHERNET MODE (for IR-ETH only) BRIDGING (for IR-ETH only) CLOCK_POLARITY TIMESLOT MAP DEST TYPE BERT_PATTERN ERROR_INJECTION_RATE RX_INBAND INBAND_LOOP_PATTERN Default Value RAD 0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ML NONE YYYY-MM-DD ENABLED ESF B8ZS FAST 00 LONG 00 00 00 00 DSU N/A NONE N/A N/A NC USER N/A N/A AUTO DCE ON HALF TRANS NORMAL NONE NC 2E23-1 NO_ERR DISABLE RDL LOOP
System
Main Link
Download Parameters
Data/Ethernet Channels
BERT Parameters
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-41
Type SP (Supervisory Port)
Parameter Designation SPEED DATA PARITY INTERFACE CTS DCD_DEL DSR PWD POP_ALM LOG_OFF CALL_OUT_TRIGGER ACTIVATE_CALL_OUT AUXILIARY_DEVICE
Default Value AUTO 8 NONE DCE =RTS 0_MSEC ON NO NO NO NONE ANY CASE TERMINAL
LEARN
Purpose
Activate the T1 learning process. Upon sending this command, the unit automatically detects the T1 parameters of the link it is connected to and performs autoconfiguration accordingly.
Syntax
LEARN
Use
To activate the T1 learning process, type: LEARN<Enter> For a few seconds, the terminal displays the following message: LEARNING T1 PARAMETERS, PLEASE WAIT
Once FCD-E1L has detected the framing and mode of the T1 link, it displays the results in the following form: SETTING RX GAIN TO: LONG
FRAME = ESF, LINE CODING <ASSUMED> = B8ZS If FCD-E1L has a single data channel installed, then, following another small delay, FCD-E1L detects the data carrying timeslots and displays the result in the following form:
D-42
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
DATA TIME SLOTS: 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 21, 22, 23, 24
Note
If FCD-E1L has two data channels installed, the timeslot learning is not available.
At last, FCD-E1L displays the following: T1 LEARNING FINISHED SUCCESSFULLY
Note
In parallel, the state of the learning process is indicated by the AUTO CONFIGURATION LED on the front panel (see Appendix E).
LOOP
Purpose
Activate the specified user-initiated test or loopback. Note that a remote loopback cannot be activated when a local loopback is already connected, and vice versa (in such case, you will see ERROR 051 - illegal port loop combination).
Syntax
LOOP {loopback}
Use
1. To activate a main link loopback, type: LOOP LOCAL ANALOG ML<Enter> or LOOP REMOTE ANALOG ML<Enter> LOOP LOCAL DIGITAL ML<Enter> LOOP REMOTE DIGITAL ML<Enter> LP LOC ANA ML<Enter> or LP REM ANA ML<Enter> or or LP LOC DIG ML<Enter> LP REM DIG ML<Enter>
2. To activate a channel loopback or test, type: LOOP LOOP LOOP LOOP LOCAL CH 1<Enter> LOCAL CH 2<Enter> REMOTE CH 1<Enter> REMOTE CH 2<Enter> or or or or or or LP LP LP LP LOC LOC REM REM CH CH CH CH 1<Enter> 2<Enter> 1<Enter> 2<Enter>
LOOP BERT CH 1<Enter> LOOP INBAND CH 1<Enter>
LP BERT CH 1<Enter> LP INBAND CH 1<Enter>
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-43
Notes
Inband loopback and BER testing are available on channel 1 only. The activation of an inband loopback is made by repeatedly transmitting the
activation sequence, therefore the loopback can be considered as activated only after approximately 2 seconds.
If the requested loopback is already active, you will receive ERROR 053: CURRENT LOOP ALREADY BEING PERFORMED. If the requested loopback is not supported by the FCD-E1L version, you will receive ERROR 055: LOOP NOT SUPPORTED ON CURRENT FCD TYPE. If you are trying to activate a loopback on a data channel of an FCD-E1L with Ethernet interface, you will see ERROR 056: ILLEGAL COMMAND FOR CURRENT PORT MODE. Nevertheless, the BERT test (LOOP BERT) is allowed.
PASSWORD
Purpose
Enter the password when prompted to type the password upon the start of a control session.
Syntax
password
Use
When you see the prompt PASSWORD>, type: password<Enter> where password is the string of four to eight alphanumeric characters that has been defined by the user (or the default, RAD, as appropriate). If you entered the correct password, you will see the FCD-E1L working prompt, FCD>.
RESET
Purpose
Reset the FCD-E1L system.
Syntax
RESET
Use
To reset the FCD-E1L, type: RESET<Enter> You are requested to confirm the operation.
D-44
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Note
This command works only when the WD jumper JP15 is set to ON (see the Installation and Setup chapter for details).
TIME
Purpose
Set the time for the FCD-E1L internal clock.
Syntax
TIME
Use
1. To set the FCD-E1L internal clock time, type: TIME<Enter> FCD-E1L sends the time entry form: HOUR MINUTE SECOND = 12 = 25 = 16
2. Bring the cursor to the first field to be changed by pressing <Enter> and use <F> or to change the digits. 3. Set the time about one minute beyond the current time, and then press <Enter> at the correct instant. FCD-E1L will display the time and date fields (note that time has changed), followed by the FCD-E1L prompt.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Command List
D-45
D-46
Command List
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix E E1 Learning
This appendix describes the E1 learning, or autoconfiguration feature of the FCD-E1L.
E.1
Introduction
For ease of installation, FCD-E1L features plug-and-play connectivity. Upon connection to the E1 link, FCD-E1L automatically detects the E1 parameters and performs autoconfiguration accordingly. This automatic setup of E1 parameters and timeslot assignment is called the E1 learning. When the learning process is activated, FCD-E1L successively configures the E1 link interface operating mode (LTU or DSU), the framing mode (G.732S, G732N or unframed) and the CRC (ON or OFF). In the single data channel version, FCD-E1L then checks and displays the data carrying timeslots. In the dual-channel version, this feature is not available. Any time FCD-E1L detects a sync or signal loss on the E1 link, the process is interrupted and FCD-E1L announces that the process has failed. The E1 learning process can be activated via the AUTO CONFIGURATION button on the FCD-E1L front panel or via a terminal command. In the first case, the state of the learning process is indicated by a dedicated AUTO CONFIGURATION LED. The idle code should then be set on the DIP switch S2 accessed from the bottom of the unit (see Chapter 2). In the second case, the learning process is activated by the terminal command LEARN (see Appendix D). The idle code is automatically read from the value set on the main link by means of the DEF ML command. The state of the learning process is indicated both by the AUTO CONFIGURATION LED and by the message displayed on the supervision terminal. In both cases, it is possible to disable the E1 learning mechanism. This is done via the terminal command DEF SYS (see Appendix D). By default, the E1 learning mechanism is enabled.
Note
The learning process cannot be activated when inband management is activated.

For controlling the learning process from the terminal, refer to the LEARN command in Appendix D). Controlling the process from the FCD-E1L front panel is described in the section below.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Introduction
E-1
E.2
Controlling E1 Learning from the Front Panel
To activate the E1 learning, press the AUTO CONFIGURATION button for two seconds. The AUTO CONFIGURATION LED monitors the E1 learning process through its five states. The states are described in Table E-1. The diagram in Figure E-1 explains in more detail the response of the LED to various conditions in which the AUTO CONFIGURATION button is pressed.
STATE1 LED OFF
Button pressed, learning mode disabled or inband managment active
Button pressed and learning enabled
STATE 2 LED RED for 10 sec

Learning process has failed
STATE 3 LED GREEN BLINKING
Learning process has succeeded
Button pressed
Button pressed
STATE 4 LED RED BLINKING for 10 sec
STATE 5 LED GREEN for 10 sec
Figure E-1. Monitoring the E1 Learning from the Front Panel

When E1 learning is activated, either from the front panel or from the terminal, FCD-E1L does not allow entering commands from the terminal.
E-2
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Table E-1. AUTO CONFIGURATION LED States

State OFF Blinking green Permanent green (for 10 sec) Permanent red (for 10 sec) Blinkng red (for 10 sec) Indicates that Learning process has not started yet. Learning is in progress Learning process has succeeded You try to activate E1 learning, while learning is disabled or inband management is active Learning has failed
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
E-3
E-4
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix F IR-ETH Interface Module

F.1 Introduction
IR-ETH is an interface module for RAD devices, used for converting the Ethernet (10BaseT) electrical levels to the host device TTL levels. It also converts the Ethernet protocol to HDLC to enable long-distance transmission and avoid the Ethernet collision limitation. IR-ETH includes an internal, self-learning Ethernet bridge, which enables a high performance link between two Ethernet segments at a low transmission rate. The low-speed HDLC transmission is sent over the link and then converted back to an Ethernet signal at the remote unit. IR-ETH has a 10BaseT interface complying with the IEEE 802.3 standard, terminated in an RJ-45 shielded connector, which can operate over UTP and STP media. The Ethernet port with 10BaseT operates in full- or half-duplex modes. The optional built-in Ethernet Bridge is a high performance remote, self-learning bridge. It is ideal as a LAN extender or segmenter over E1 link applications. The bridge operates as a media access (MAC) layer remote bridge with self-learning capabilities. It learns and automatically recognizes the addresses of the nodes attached to the local LAN (the LAN directly attached to the FCD-E1L interface), and uses this information to filter the LAN traffic. The address information is stored in tables, which can store up to 10,000 addresses. The address information is automatically updated (aging time is 5 minutes, that is, if no frames are received from a node for 5 minutes, the node address is automatically removed from the tables to ensure that only fresh addresses are used). Therefore, the bridge blocks the packets addressed to local nodes, and forwards through the FCD-E1L link only multicasts, broadcasts, and packets addressed to nodes attached to the remote LAN. The filtering and forwarding can be performed at a rate of up to 15,000 packets per second (provided the bandwidth selected on the E1 link is sufficient to carry the resulting payload rate). When bridging is not necessary, e.g., for LAN extender applications, the user can disable the bridge. In this case, the FCD-E1L operates as a repeater that transfers transparently all the traffic to the remote end. The Ethernet channel interface connects to the TDM bus through a bus interface similar to that of the data channel. The throughput available to the external equipment is determined by the data rate configured by the user. The remote bridge operates at the physical and data link layers of the OSI model, and is therefore completely transparent to higher level protocols, such as TCP/IP,
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0 Introduction F-1
DECnet, XNS, ISO, and to operating systems, such as NetWare, VINES, and 3COM+.
Figure F-1 shows a typical application using an Ethernet interface bridge. Each
FCD-E1L unit is connected to an Ethernet network via the Ethernet Interface bridge.
E1 Network FCD-E1L FCD-E1L
Figure F-1. Typical Application of FCD-E1L with IR-ETH Module
F.2
IR-ETH Interface Options
Figure F-2 shows the rear panel of FCD-E1L with the IR-ETH interface options.
0.250A T 250V
CAUTION : FOR C ONTIN UE D PR OTEC TION AGAIN ST R ISK OF FIRE , REP LAC E ONLY W ITH SAM E TYPE AN D RATI NG OF FUSE .
IR-ETH TX RX ERR LINK E1
100-230 VAC
CH2
CH1
Figure F-2. IR-ETH Ethernet Bridge, 10BaseT Rear Panel

To connect the external equipment to the Ethernet interface, use standard Ethernet cables with RJ-45 connector.
F.3
General
10,000 addresses 15,000 pps 256 frames 1 frame
Remote MAC-layer bridge with self-learning
LAN Table Filtering and Forwarding Buffer Delay

Traffic Handling
LAN
Standard Data Rate
Conforms to IEEE 802.3/Ethernet 10 Mbps (20 Mbps 10BaseT FDX)
F-2
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Connectors
10BaseT (UTP): Shielded RJ-45 HDLC According to the FCD-E1L transmission rate
WAN
Protocol (internal) Data Rate
F.4
Installation and Operation
Although the IR-ETH interface board contains an internal DIP switch on board, this switch is not in use because the corresponding functions are software-controlled (see DEF CH 2 command in Appendix D).
Note
IR-ETH does not support auto negotiation. Therefore, the equipment connected to IR-ETH should not be set to auto negotiation mode.
LAN Installation
The Ethernet with UTP (10BaseT) connectors is designated as a Station. For 10BaseT installation, either a straight cable or a cross-cable may be required. Use a cross-cable when connecting to a port that does not implement the crossover function internally. Otherwise, use a straight cable. (Hubs usually do implement the crossover function internally while network interface cards and other devices do not).
Table F-1 lists pinout of the IR-Ethernet RJ-45 connector. Table F-1. RJ-45 Pinout
Pin 1 2 3 6 Name TD (+) TD () RD (+) RD () Function Transmit data positive Transmit data negative Receive data positive Receive data negative
LED Indicators
Figure F-2 shows the indicators located on the rear panel of an FCD-E1L unit with the Ethernet bridge option for UTP. Table F-2 lists the IR-ETH LED indicators and
describes their functions.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
F-3
Table F-2. IR-ETH Bridge LED Indicators

LED Name LINK (UTP only) ERR (UTP only) Function Lights when the Ethernet interface is connected to an active LAN (i.e., a LAN with at least one active station) When configured to full-duplex: during regular operation, lights when a buffer overflow occurs When configured to half-duplex: lights momentarily for each collision TX RX Lights when transmit activity is present on the Ethernet interface Lights when receive activity is present on the Ethernet interface Yellow Yellow Color Green
Yellow
F-4
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix G IR-ETH/QN Interface Module

G.1 Introduction
The IR-ETH/QN interface module includes a high-performance self-learning Fast Ethernet bridge, which is connected to the LAN via a single 10BaseT or 100BaseT port, operating in full- or half-duplex and providing simple and cost-effective interconnection between 10/100BaseT LANs via E1 links. The IR-ETH/QN interface module also supports IEEE 802.1/P frames and IEEE 802.1/Q frames, enabling VLAN applications. The module automatically learns MAC addresses of the LAN to which it is connected. Its LAN table stores up to 512 addresses with 5-minute automatic aging. Filtering and forwarding is performed at the maximum theoretical rate of 150,000 packets per second (wire speed). The buffer with 0.512 Mbit SRAM can hold 85 frames. The forwarding of the multicast messages from LAN to WAN can be disabled.
Figure G-1 shows a typical application using FCD-E1L with IR-ETH/QN module.
E1 Network FCD-E1L FCD-E1L
Figure G-1. Typical Application of FCD-E1L with IR-ETH/QN Module
G.2
IR-ETH/QN Connector
Figure G-2 shows the rear panel of FCD-E1L, equipped with IR-ETH/QN module. Table G-1 lists the module's RJ-45 connector pinout.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
IR-ETH/QN Connector
G-1
Table G-1. RJ-45 Connector Pinout

Pin 1 2 3 6 Signal RD (+) RD (-) TD (+) TD (-) Function Receive Data (positive) Receive Data (negative) Transmit Data (positive) Transmit Data (negative)
0.250A T 250V
IR-ETH/QN 100M LINK ACT E1
100-230 VAC
CH2
LINK
CH1
Figure G-2. Rear Panel of FCD-E1L with IR-ETH/QN Module
G.3
Bridge
LAN Table Aging
512 MAC addresses 5 minute, automatic 150,000 packets per second
Filtering and Forwarding Rate Buffer Size Latency from LAN to LAN at 1536 kbps [msec]
85 frames 64 byte frame 128 byte frame 256 byte frame 512 byte frame 1024 byte frame 1280 byte frame 1518 byte frame 1.06 1.72 3.08 4.62 7.32 8.69 9.92
LAN
Standard Data Rate
IEEE 802.3/Ethernet V.2 (relevant parts), IEEE 802.1q (relevant parts), 802.1p, 802.3x 10BaseT: 10 Mbps 100BaseT: 100 Mbps
Line Code
10BaseT: Manchester 100BaseT: MLT3
G-2
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Connector
Shielded RJ-45 socket HDLC 64 kbps to 1984 kbps in framed mode, in accordance with the FCD-E1L transmission rate, 2048 Mbps in unframed mode
WAN
Protocol Data Rate
G.4
To set the internal switch on the IR-ETH/QN interface board, you have to open the FCD-E1L case.
Accessing the Internal DIP Switch

To open the FCD-E1L case: 1. Disconnect all the cables connected to FCD-E1L. 2. Slide the blue side panel forward to detach it from the case. 3. Unscrew the two screws located on the bottom panel at the rear end of the unit. 4. Separate the two halves of the FCD-E1L case by lifting the top cover at the end of the unit and sliding it forward. Access to the inside of the equipment is permitted only to the authorized and qualified personnel.
Warning
To avoid accidental electric shock, always disconnect the interface cables and the power cord before removing the unit from its casing. Line voltages are present inside FCD-E1L when it is connected to power and/or to the lines. Moreover, under certain fault conditions, dangerous voltages may appear on the lines connected to the unit. Any adjustment, maintenance and repair of the opened instrument under voltage should be avoided as much as possible and, when inevitable, should be carried out only by a skilled technician who is aware of the hazard involved. Capacitors inside the unit may still be charged even after the unit has been disconnected from its source of power.
The IR-ETH/QN interface board includes two DIP switches to control its parameters: SW1 and SW3. SW3, designed for control of main IR-ETH/QN parameters, is located on the upper side of the interface board. SW1, which is not designed for frequent use, is located on the reverse side of the board. For example, to disable automatic MDI/MDIX crossover, you have to detach the IR-ETH/QN module from the FCD-E1L back panel to get access to the reverse side.
Figure G-3 shows location of the configuration DIP switches on the modules
board.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0 Installation and Operation G-3
Note
Figure G-3 illustrates default settings of the SW1 and SW3 DIP switches, as detailed in Table G-2 and Table G-3.
SW1 1. MDI 2. LC1 3. LC2 4. FLC 5. NC 6. NC 7. NC 8. NC SW3 1. 100 2. AN 3. FDX 4. BPR 5. MUL 6. NC
ON
Figure G-3. Location of DIP Switches SW1 and SW3
ON
Setting the DIP Switches

Configure the IR-ETH/QN module by setting the DIP switches SW1 and SW3 in accordance with Figure G-3, Table G-2 and Table G-3.
Note
To make the changes effective, you have to power off the FCD-E1L unit and power it on again.
G-4
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Table G-2. DIP SW1 Switch Settings

Section 1 Name MDI Description Enables or disables automatic MDI/MDIX crossover Enables or disables flow control Possible Settings* ON Automatic MDI/MDIX crossover is disabled OFF Automatic MDI/MDIX crossover is enabled Permanently set at the factory (OFF) Permanently set at the factory (ON) ON Flow control is enabled OFF Flow control is disabled
2 3 4
LC1 LC2 FLC
Note: Flow control function is available only if the autonegotiation is enabled (see Table G-3).
5-8 NC Permanently set at the factory (OFF)
* Factory settings are shown in bold.
Note
Sections 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the SW1 DIP switch are factory-set and must not be moved by the user. Table G-3. DIP Switch SW3 Settings
Section 1
Name 100
Description Selects the LAN speed
Possible Settings* ON LAN speed is set to 10 Mbps OFF LAN speed is set to 100 Mbps
AN
Controls the LAN autonegotiation Selects the LAN mode
ON LAN autonegotiation is disabled OFF LAN autonegotiation is enabled ON LAN half duplex mode OFF LAN full duplex mode
FDX
BPR
Controls the backpressure Controls LAN to WAN multicasting
ON Backpressure is enabled OFF Backpressure is disabled OFF Multicast messages from LAN to WAN are blocked ON Multicast messages from LAN to WAN are not blocked Permanently set at the factory (ON)
5 6
MUL
NC
Notes
Section 6 of the SW3 DIP switch is factory-set and must not be moved by the
user.
When autonegotiation is enabled, LAN speed and LAN mode are configured
automatically (sections 1 and 3 are disabled).
After completing the internal settings, reinstall the top cover.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
G-5
To reinstall the FCD-E1L top cover: 1. Position the lower half of the FCD-E1L case on a flat surface. 2. Return the top cover. Make sure that the front board CONTROL DCE connector and the AUTO CONFIGURATION button fit the front panel opening correctly, and the top cover guides enter the corresponding recesses at the end of the unit. 3. Secure the two screws located at the end of the unit. 4. Fit the inside tabs of the blue side panel into the unit case grooves, and slide the side panel until it snaps into place.
LED Indicators
Table G-4 lists the IR-ETH/QN rear-panel LED indicators and describes their
functions.
Table G-4. LED Indicators

LED Name LINK ACT 100M Color Green Yellow Green Description ON LAN link is ON ON or blinking Data transfer is detected on the LAN interface ON LAN is operating at 100 Mbps OFF LAN is operating at 10 Mbps Location Connector Connector Panel
Connecting the LAN

Due to automatic crossover feature of the IR-ETH/QN interface module, any LAN port can be connected to the FCD-E1L with either straight or cross cable.
G-6
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Appendix H IR-IP Interface Module

H.1
Overview
IR-IP is a high-performance, miniature IP router based on RAD's unique IP router chip, the ChipRouter. IR-IP has a 10BaseT (UTP) interface and complies with IEEE 802.3. The router interface can operate in either half-duplex or full-duplex mode. IR-IP filters the traffic, in accordance with the IP address of each packet, and forwards through the WAN link only packets with foreign addresses. IP packets received from the link are automatically forwarded to the LAN connected to the local Ethernet interface if the IP net matches. IR-IP includes hardware filters which handle all filtering operations at wire speed from both LAN-to-WAN and WAN-to-LAN, without dropping a single packet. Filtering and forwarding are performed at the maximum rate of 35,000 and 30,000 frames per second (wire speed), respectively. The buffer can hold 256 frames of maximum size of 1534 bytes and a throughput latency of one frame. FCD-E1L equipped with IR-IP interface module can be used as a Frame Relay Access Device (FRAD) with an integral IP router. RFC 1490 is supported for a single DLCI on the WAN link. Detection of the DLCI and the maintenance protocol is performed automatically. This allows the IR-IP to be used as the termination unit of IP services over Frame Relay at the customer premises, opposite a Frame Relay switch in the backbone. Alternatively, Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) can be run on the WAN link with automatic negotiation on power-up, as well as support for PAP and CHAP authentication. With this feature, IR-IP can operate opposite any PPP compliant access server or backbone router. IR-IP supports HDLC-like framing, which is especially important for broadcast and multicast applications where bandwidth overhead is critical. IR-IP supports IP multicast at wire speed, making it suitable for any multicast environment including high speed downstream environments, such as satellite and xDSL. Users on the LAN who register with IR-IP for an IP multicast group using the IGMP protocol filter IP multicast packets at wire speed. Management and advanced configuration are performed via Telnet.
Introduction
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Introduction
H-1
Application
Figure H-1 shows a typical application of the FCD-E1L unit equipped with the IR-IP
interface module.
E1 FCD-E1L with IR-IP FCD-E1L with V.35 Interface Router
Figure H-1. Typical Application of the FCD-E1L Unit with IR-IP
H.2
Router
Supports up to 256 hosts on the local LAN IP net 35,000 packets per second 30,000 packets per second 256 frames (maximum size 1534 bytes) 1 frame Telnet, through the 10BaseT interface Conforms to IEEE 802.3 10 Mbps (20 Mbps for 10BaseT in full-duplex mode) 10BaseT for use on UTP and STP media, terminated in RJ-45 shielded eight-pin connector Full- or half-duplex user-selectable PPP (PAP/CHAP) Frame Relay (RFC 1490) HDLC-like framing
Local IP Net Capacity Filtering Rate Forwarding Rate Buffer Delay Configuration
LAN
Standard Data Rate Interface Type Operation Mode
WAN
Protocols
H-2
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
H.3
Figure H-2 shows the rear panel of FCD-E1L with the IR-IP interface module.
0.250A T 250V
IR-IP LINK ERR ACT

1 2 3 4
E1
SETUP
100-230 VAC
CH2
LINK
CH1
Figure H-2. IR-IP Ethernet Router, Rear Panel Table H-1 provides the pinout of the 10BaseT RJ-45 connector. Table H-1. RJ-45 Pinout
Pin 1 2 3 6 Name TD (+) TD (-) RD (+) RD (-) Function Transmit data positive Transmit data negative Receive data positive Receive data negative
IR-IP DIP Switch

IR-IP interface module contains a four-section DIP switch, used to configure the basic operating parameters of the IP router. The switch is located on the FCD-E1L rear panel as shown in Figure H-2. Table H-2 lists the DIP switch functions.
Table H-2. IR-IP DIP Switch Functions

No 1 Function Enables IR-IP to learn its IP Values* ON IP address learning is enabled OFF IP address learning is disabled
Note: For details, see Assigning the Router LAN Interface Address on page H-7.
2 Selects the WAN protocol ON PPP protocol OFF Frame Relay protocol 3 Selects the LAN mode ON Full-duplex operation OFF Half-duplex operation 4 Controls the remote WAN test loopback, which returns packets received from the WAN back toward the WAN ON The test loopback is activated OFF The test loopback is disabled
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
H-3
Notes
The switch can perform additional control functions, which are described
below in the Appendix.
IR-IP LEDs
IR-IP contains three LEDs, which indicate the module activity. Table H-3 explains the functions of the IR-IP interface indicators.
Table H-3. IR- IP Interface Indicators

LED Name LINK ACT ERR Function Lights when the Ethernet interface is connected to an active LAN Flashes when transmit and/or receive activity is present on the Ethernet interface Indicates erroneous events, such as collisions, buffer overflows, etc. Also provides additional indications, described below in this section Color Green Yellow Red
Normal Indications
The IP router card can start normal service only after it has been configured for operation in the users network. To simplify the configuration procedure, when an unconfigured IP router card is powered on, it enters the configuration mode.
Power-Up Indications for Unconfigured IP Router Card

LINK indicator ERR indicator Lights steadily after power up when connected to an active station (10BaseT only). Lights steadily for 12 to 15 seconds, until the card completes software decompression. After this interval, the ERR indicator starts flashing rapidly (about 3 times per second), to indicate that the card is in the configuration mode. Configuration instructions are described further in the appendix.
Power-Up Indications for Configured IP Router Card

LINK indicator ERR indicator Lights steadily after power up when connected to an active station (10BaseT only). After software decompression, turns off.
Indications during Normal Service

During normal service, the LINK indicator (10BaseT version) lights steadily, indicating LAN integrity. The ACT indicator flashes in accordance with the Ethernet interface traffic.
H-4
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
The ERR indicator is normally off, however it may light momentarily from time to time, to indicate an occasional buffer overflow. If the ERR indicator lights often, the IP router configuration may have to be changed, e.g., it may need more main link bandwidth. For instructions on displaying and clearing the alarms, refer to Handling Alarms on page 6-4.
H.4
Introduction
IR-IP Management Subsystem, General
The IR-IP interface module management subsystem supports the following functions: Preliminary configuration Configuration of management access parameters Advanced configuration of IR-IP parameters Collection and display of statistical performance data Maintenance functions, which include: Software downloading Resetting of various subsystems Display of error log Ping utility, for checking IP connectivity. The management subsystem of the IR-IP interface module is a separate, independent entity, and therefore it cannot be managed through the FCD-E1L management subsystem. The communication with the IR-IP management subsystem is made through the local LAN interface connector of the IR-IP module, designated 10BASE-T or 10BASE-2, using the Telnet protocol. Passwords can be used to prevent unauthorized access.
Accessing the IR-IP Management Subsystem

The IR-IP interface module must be configured in accordance with the specific requirements of the users application before it can be used in the users network. As a result, it is not possible to supply default parameters to enable IRIP to start service without any preliminary configuration. Therefore, to enable the user to establish Telnet communication and configure IR-IP, IR-IP is delivered with a factory-default set of parameters. The factorydefault parameters are automatically used:
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Before the IP router is configured by the user, e.g., when a new FCD-E1L with IR-IP interface module is put into operation After the users configuration parameters have been erased.
IR-IP Management Subsystem, General H-5
When the factory-default parameters are used, the ERR indicator located on the FCD-E1L rear panel, near the IR-IP Ethernet interface connector flashes rapidly (about three times per second).
Note
The flashing of the ERR indicator also serves as a warning to the user that the IRIP WAN interface does not send, nor does it receive packets, and therefore IR-IP can be accessed only from the LAN.
After configuring IR-IP, it starts normal operation and routes the traffic in accordance with the user-selected configuration parameters. To change the parameters of an already-configured IR-IP, establish communication from a Telnet host using the assigned IP address.
Default IP Communication Parameters

The factory-default IP communication parameters of the interface module are: The default IP address of the IR-IP Ethernet port is 192.168.205.1, and the default IP subnet mask is 255.255.255.252. The port will accept IP communication only from the IP address 192.168.205.2. Therefore, as long as the factory defaults are in effect, you must assign this address to the Telnet host used to configure IR-IP.
Using the IP learning mechanism, as explained below you can change the default parameters.
Note
In the default configuration, the IR-IP WAN interface is disabled. In order to enable the WAN interface, you have to modify the Ethernet port address or the IP subnet mask.
H.5
General
Performing Preliminary Configuration
The software necessary for performing all the management and configuration functions is stored in the IR-IP interface module, and therefore you only need a regular Telnet host to perform all the activities described in this appendix. A Telnet host is any computer, e.g., an IBM PC or compatible that fulfills the following minimum requirements: A standard 10BaseT Ethernet interface A TCP/IP protocol stack, and therefore is capable of supporting IP communication through the Ethernet interface Telnet client software A ping utility.
H-6
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Outline of Preliminary Configuration

To perform the preliminary configuration procedure: 1. Connect the Telnet host to the IR-IP interface module. 2. Configure the Telnet host to enable communication with the IR-IP interface module using the default IP parameters. 3. Establish communication with IR-IP and assign the prescribed IP address to its LAN interface. 4. Establish again communication with IR-IP and continue the preliminary configuration in accordance with the Quick Setup Menu section below.
Connecting the Telnet Host

Before starting the management and configuration activities, it is necessary to establish IP communication between your Telnet host and the IR-IP interface module. For this purpose, it is necessary to provide a communication path. Because of the method used to assign an IP address to IR-IP Ethernet port, it is recommended to connect the Telnet host directly to the IP router 10BASE-T connector. This is made by connecting an Ethernet cross cable between the Ethernet connector of the Telnet host and the IP router connector. However, you may also connect through a common LAN: in this case, connect your Telnet host and IR-IP to Ethernet hub ports using straight cables.
Preliminary Telnet Host Configuration

You can use the IP learning mechanism to configure the IP communication parameters of the IR-IP LAN interface. In this case, skip to the Assigning the Router LAN Interface Address section below. If you prefer to use the factory-default parameters to establish IP communication between your Telnet host and IR-IP, configure the Telnet host as follows: 1. Temporarily configure the host IP address as 192.168.205.2. 2. The initial destination IP address to be used by the host is 192.168.205.1.
Note
The first step in the preliminary configuration process is to assign the desired IP address to the LAN interface of the IR-IP interface module. After an IP address is assigned and saved, you must change the destination IP address of the Telnet host to the new address, otherwise it is not possible to continue the configuration process. At the same time, you can also change the temporary IP address assigned to the host (192.168.205.2) back to its permanent address.
Assigning the Router LAN Interface Address

The IP address of the IR-IP LAN interface must be configured as part of the preliminary configuration process. To simplify this process, IR-IP includes a simple and convenient IP address learning mechanism.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
H-7
The IP address can be configured and changed at any time, even after the complete IR-IP configuration process has been performed, because it does not affect other configuration parameters. Moreover, the IP subnet mask is automatically adapted to the new IP address.
IP Learning Mechanism
To simplify the configuration process, IR-IP has a special mechanism for configuring the IP address of its LAN interface. Setting section 1, called IP address learning, of the IR-IP DIP switch (see Table H-2) to ON enables this mechanism. The IP learning mechanism enables IR-IP to learn its LAN interface IP address by receiving frames sent by a ping utility to the prescribed LAN IP address.
Note
To use the IP learning mechanism, you do not need to know the current address of IR-IP LAN interface, but only the prescribed IP address.
The IP address is actually retrieved from the ARP frames sent during pinging to locate the ping destination, not from the ping frames. To ensure that the process is correctly performed, it is recommended to check the contents of the ARP table before starting the ping utility, to make sure that it does not contain the address to be assigned to the IP router LAN interface. To view and edit the ARP table contents: If the Telnet host you are using runs under Microsoft Inc. Windows 95, 98 or NT, use the following procedure to view and edit the ARP table contents: 1. Display the table using the arp -a command. 2. If the table includes the intended IP address, remove it from the table using the arp -d command. If for some reason the IP learning process does not succeed, before repeating it make sure to remove the IP address from the table.
Assigning a LAN IP Address to a New IR-IP

The following procedure enables you to configure the LAN IP address of a new IR-IP router, i.e., a router using the default parameters (see the Accessing the IRIP Management Subsystem section above). If FCD-E1L is already operating, skip Step 2 in the following procedure. To configure the IP router LAN address: 1. Make sure the preparations described above have been completed, including the configuration of the ping utility. 2. Turn FCD-E1L on and monitor the IP router indicators: The LINK indicator (10BaseT version) turns on The ERR indicator lights steadily for approx. 15 seconds, and then starts flashing at a rapid rate (about three times per second). If the ERR indicator turns off, skip to the What to Do If ... section below. 3. Set section 1 of IR-IP DIP switch to ON.
H-8
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
The ERR indicator starts flashing faster (approximately four times a second). 4. Send a ping to the new address to be used by IR-IP. A confirmation should be received after the third ping: after the confirmation, the flashing will slow down to approximately twice a second. If your host does not begin to receive ping replies after three unsuccessful attempts, skip to the What to Do If ... section below. 5. Return section 1 of the IR-IP DIP switch to the OFF position. The ERR indicator must turn off. At this stage, the communication with IR-IP router is lost, because its IP address has been changed. Therefore, you must reconfigure the destination IP address of the Telnet host. If you wish, you may also change the temporary IP address assigned to the host (192.168.205.2) back to its permanent address.
Changing the LAN IP Address of a Configured IR-IP

The LAN IP address of an already-configured IR-IP can be changed while it operates. This means it is not necessary to turn FCD-E1L off before starting the configuration procedure. Note however that the IP traffic flow through IR-IP will be disrupted until the other stations in the IP network learn the new address. To change the LAN IP address of an already-configured IR-IP, use the procedure described above for a new IR-IP with the following differences: Configure the destination address of the ping utility to the new LAN interface IP address. It is not necessary to change the Telnet host source address. When ready, set section 1 of the IR-IP DIP switch to ON. The ERR indicator starts flashing faster (approximately four times a second). Perform steps 4, 5 of the procedure used for a new IR-IP.
What to Do If ...
The LINK indicator (10BaseT version) does not light immediately after FCD-E1L is turned on The IR-IP interface module does not receive power from the FCD-E1L power supply. Service is required.
Note
After the power-up process ends, the LINK indicator shows LAN integrity. It may stay turned off without indicating power supply failure.
The ERR indicator does not light immediately after FCD-E1L is turned on IR-IP is faulty and must be replaced. After turn-on, the ERR indicator lights for 15 seconds, and then turns off. ACT lights from time to time, but there is no response from IR-IP One of the following: No software loaded into IR-IP. Download software using the procedure described in the New Software Download Menu section below.
Performing Preliminary Configuration H-9
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
IR-IP has been configured. If you do not know the current IP address of the LAN interface, erase IR-IP router configuration using the procedure given in the Erasing Users Configuration section below.
No ping replies from IR-IP If your host does not begin to receive ping replies after three unsuccessful attempts, check the physical connection path between the Telnet host Ethernet interface and the IR-IP 10BASE-T connector. The IP learning process is not successful Check that the prescribed IP address does not appear in the ARP table.
H.6
IR-IP Management Utility
General Operating Procedures

The IR-IP interface module is managed via a simple, menu-driven utility that uses a basic terminal user interface. A typical screen is shown in Figure H-3. As seen in Figure H-3, each screen has a header that identifies the device being configured and its logical name, assigned by the user, followed by the running software revision and date. The bottom line of the screen displays prompts that guide you in the execution of the various activities. Use the following general procedures to perform the desired activity: To change a parameter or to select a menu item, type the corresponding line number. For a parameter, which has a discrete set of values, the parameter values are enclosed in brackets [ ]. To select a new value, press the spacebar to scroll among the available values until the desired value is displayed, and then press <Enter> to select the displayed value. To enter a value which requires free text entry, type in the desired string and then press <Enter>. Use backspace to erase the current string. After all the parameters have been selected, a prompt appears, requesting that you confirm the changes.
Note
For proper display of the screens, you must: Select a fixed-pitch system font for the display. Use your operating system documentation to find how to select a proper font. Configure the Telnet utility to use VT-100 terminal emulation.
Starting a Management Utility

The management utility is started automatically when Telnet communication is established. If password protection is enabled (see the Management Access Menu section below), you will be prompted to enter the Telnet password. The opening screen, which appears after the Telnet session activation, is the IR-IP Main menu (see Figure H-3).
H-10
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
IR_IP 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
<IR-IP>
S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup Device Control View Diagnostic Tool (PING terminal)
Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-3. IR-IP Main Menu

To end the utility, press <Esc> when the Main menu is displayed. This will also end the Telnet session.
Menu Structure of Management Utility

Figure H-4 shows the menu structure of the IR-IP management utility.
Main Menu
1. Quick Setup
2. Management Access
3. Advanced Setup
4. Device Control
5. View
6. Diagnostic Tool PING Terminal 1. Ping IP Address 2. Start Pinging 3. Stop Pinging
1.Telenet Password 2. Telenet Activity Timeout 3. SNMP Access 4. SNMP Read Community 5. SNMP Write Community 6. SNMP Trap Community 7. SNMP Management Table
1. Device Identification 1. Device Name 2. Contact Person 3. System Location 2. Interface Parameters 1. LAN Status 2. WAN Status 3. WAN Throttle 4. Aging Timeout 3. Protocol Parameters (FR) 1. Self Learn 2. Maintenance Protocol 3. DLCI 4. CIR 5. EIR
1. New Software Download 1. Server IP Address 2. File Name 3. Total Timeout 4. Start Operation 2. View Error Log
1. Configuration and Connection 2. ARP Tables 3. Multicast Groups Table 4. Statistics
1. LAN IP Address 2. LAN IP Mask 3. WAN IP Address 4. WAN IP Mask 5. Default Gateway 6. DHCP Server IP Address 7. Read Protocol From DIP Switches 8. Protocol
3. Erase Configuration
4. Resets 1. Reset Device 2. Reset LAN 3. Reset WAN
3. Protocol Parameters (PPP) 1. Header and Control Field Compression 2. Protocol Field Compression 3. Authentication Protocol 4. Security Host/Guest 5. User Name To Send 6. Password To Send 7. User Name To Accept 8. Password To Accept 4. Multicast 1. Multicast Forwarding 2. Static Groups
Figure H-4. Management Utility, Menu Structure
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
H-11
H.7
Quick Setup Menu
The Quick Setup menu is used to select the main parameters values that must be defined before you start using IR-IP. Use the Advanced Setup menu (see the Advanced Setup Menu section below) to specify values for other IR-IP configuration parameters not included in this menu. To access the Quick Setup menu: From the Main menu, type 1. The Quick Setup menu appears (Figure H-5). IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date) Quick Setup ===================================================================== 1. LAN IP Address :192.168.100.001 2. LAN IP Mask :255.255.255.000 3. WAN IP Address (empty for unnumbered) :............... 4. WAN IP Mask (empty for unnumbered) :............... 5. Default Gateway (empty - WAN interface) :............... 6. DHCP Server IP address (empty for relay disabled) :............... 7. Read Protocol From DIP Switches :[ Yes ] 8. Protocol :[ Frame Relay ] Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-5. Quick Setup Menu
LAN IP Address
Used to enter the IP address for the IP router LAN interface. This is the address to which nodes connected to the local LAN send packets addressed to the WAN.
LAN IP Mask
Used to enter the IP subnet mask. The IP router supports a maximum of 254 hosts on the LAN, therefore you must use Class C subnet masks. The basic subnet IP mask for Class C addresses, which supports the maximum possible number of hosts, 254, is 255.255.255.0. To help you understand the selection of IP subnet masks, Figure H-6 provides a configuration example for a LAN with 6 nodes: the IP subnet mask for a 6-node IP network is 255.255.255.248.
FCD-E1L with IR-IP
LAN IP Address: 192.168.1.2 Mask: 255.255.255.248
IP Address 192.168.1.2 Mask 255.255.255.248 Default Gateway 192.168.1.1
.3 .248 192.168.1.1
.4 .248 192.168.1.1
.5 .248 192.168.1.1
.6 .248 192.168.1.1
H-12
Quick Setup Menu
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Figure H-6. Selecting the IP Subnet Mask
WAN IP Address
Used to enter the IP address for the IR-IP WAN interface, i.e., the IP address to be used by IP hosts on the WAN to reach this IR-IP interface module. If the WAN IP Address field remain blank, IR-IP operates in the Unnumbered Router Mode.
WAN IP Mask
Used to enter the IP subnet mask for the WAN interface.
Default Gateway
Operation without Default Gateway
The IP interface module is intended to enable the extension of LANs through the FCD-E1L link. Therefore, its default routing operation is different from the default routing operation of standard IP routers: IR-IP forwards packets with destinations not located on the local LAN through the WAN interface Packets received from the WAN interface and destined to hosts located on the local LAN are forwarded to the LAN; other packets are discarded.
The default operation is used when the Default Gateway field is blank.
Operation with Default Gateway

You can instruct IR-IP to send packets with destinations not located on the local LAN to a specific router, which is called the default gateway. The default gateway must be connected to the local LAN. To use this option, enter the IP address of another router attached to the local LAN in the Default Gateway field.
Note
It is very important to obtain the correct parameters from the system administrator or ISP. The most common problem when establishing an IP connection is incorrect configuration of IP parameters and default gateway. Do not try to guess these parameters.
DHCP Relay
IR-IP can operate as a DHCP relay for computers on its LAN. In this mode, the user does not need to configure the IP addresses and other related parameters for the PCs on the LAN: they receive the configuration from the DHCP server via the IR-IP module.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Quick Setup Menu
H-13
IP Network
DHCP Server
LAN IP Address: 192.168.1.2 Mask: 255.255.255.248
FCD-E1L with IR-IP
Figure H-7. Selecting the IP Subnet Mask

To configure the IR-IP as a DHCP relay: Enter the IP address of the DHCP server in this field. Leaving this field blank disables the DHCP relay operation.
Reading Protocol from DIP Switches

Selecting YES for this parameter forces IR-IP router card to use the WAN protocol selected by section 2 of its DIP switch: PPP or Frame Relay. If you want to be able to select the WAN protocol by means of the Protocol field (parameter 7) of the Quick Setup menu, select NO.
Protocol
Used to select the WAN protocol to be used by the IP router card: PPP, HDLC or Frame Relay. This parameter is available only if the Read Protocol from DIP Switches parameter is set to NO.
H-14
Quick Setup Menu
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
H.8
Management Access Menu
The Management Access menu is used to enable the use of passwords to protect the access to IR-IP management utility, and control the inactivity time-out interval. When password protection is enabled, a Telnet management session can start only after the correct password is entered. To access the Management Access menu: From the Main menu, type 2. The Management Access menu appears (Figure H-8). IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
Quick Setup Management Access ===================================================================== 1. Telnet Password :.......... 2. Telnet Inactivity Timeout (min) :300.. 3. SNMP Access :Disabled 4. SNMP Read Community :public.... 5. SNMP Write Community :public.... 6. SNMP Trap Community :public.... 7. SNMP Management Table :>>> Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-8. Management Access Menu Note Since the IP router card does not support SNMP management, the SNMP Read Community, SNMP Write Community, SNMP Trap Community, and SNMP Management Table parameters are not used.
Telnet Password
By default, management access to IR-IP via Telnet is unrestricted. To restrict access, enter a Telnet password by selecting 1 in the Management Access menu. The password can include up to 10 characters, and is case-sensitive. The next time a Telnet session is opened, a password must be entered to enable you to access the IR-IP menus. At any time, only one Telnet connection to IR-IP is permitted. Any attempt to open an additional connection while the current session is open is rejected.
Telnet Inactivity Timeout

This parameter specifies the time a Telnet session is kept open when there is no keyboard activity. When the specified time-out expires, the Telnet session is closed and another user can access IR-IP.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0 Management Access Menu H-15
H.9
Advanced Setup Menu
The Advanced Setup menu is used to select the desired group of IR-IP configuration parameters. The parameters accessed through Advanced Setup menu supplement the parameters available on the Quick Setup screen, by providing control over all the other IR-IP parameters. To access the Advanced Setup menu: From the Main menu, press 3. The Advanced Setup menu appears (Figure H-9). IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup ===================================================================== 1. Device identification 2. Interface Parameters 3. Protocol Parameters 4. Multicast IP Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-9. Advanced Setup Menu
Device Identification Menu

The Device Identification menu is used to define and store in the IR-IP logistic information: the logical name of IR-IP, information on the contact person and device location. To access the Device Identification menu: From the Advanced Setup menu, type 1. The Device Identification menu appears (Figure H-10). IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date) Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup ..................................................................... Device identification ===================================================================== 1. Device Name :IR-IP.. 2. Contact Person :Name of contact Person 3. System Location :The location of this device Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-10. Device Identification Menu
H-16
Advanced Setup Menu
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Device Name
Select this parameter to assign an arbitrary name to IR-IP for identification by the system manager (up to eight characters). The assigned name is displayed in the screen header.
Contact Person
Select this parameter to enter the name of the person to be contacted with matters pertaining to this equipment unit.
System Location
Select this parameter to enter the physical location of the device.
Interface Parameters Menu

The Interface Parameters menu is used to control the operation of IR-IP interfaces. To access the Interface Parameters menu: From the Advanced Setup menu, type 2. The Interface Parameters menu appears (Figure H-11). IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date) Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup ................................................................. Device identification Interface Parameters ================================================================= 1. LAN Status :[ Open ] 2. WAN Status :[ Open ] 3. WAN Throttle :[ Full ] 4. Aging Timeout (min) :5. Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-11. Interface Parameters Menu
LAN Status
Used to enable/disable the flow of packets through LAN interface: Open the flow of packets is enabled. Closed the flow of packets is disabled. As a result, IR-IP does not accept, nor sends packets to the LAN, but its WAN interface may still be active, and can interact with other IP hosts on the WAN.
WAN Status
Used to enable/disable the flow of packets through the WAN interface: Open the flow of packets is enabled.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Advanced Setup Menu
H-17
Closed the flow of packets through the WAN interface is disabled. As a result, IR-IP does not accept from, nor sends packets to the WAN. However, the LAN interface of the IP router is still active.
WAN Throttle
This parameter specifies the maximum data rate at which frames are sent to the WAN (i.e., to the HDSL link). The available selections are: 64 kbps 128 kbps 256 kbps 512 kbps 1024 kbps Full (no restriction on the rate).
Since the IP router buffers have a limited capacity (256 frames), it is recommended to select the WAN Throttle parameter in accordance with the line rate.
Aging Timeout
Used to specify the time after which inactive LAN stations are removed from the IR-IP ARP table. A station is defined as inactive when no IP traffic is received from it by the IR-IP LAN interface.
WAN Protocol Parameters Frame Relay Protocol Menu

The Frame Relay Protocol Parameters menu is used to configure the parameters Frame Relay WAN for protocol (the WAN protocol is selected by means of the Quick Setup Menu) in Figure H-5. To access the Protocol Parameters menu: From the Advanced Setup menu, type 3.
Self Learn
Used to specify whether the Frame Relay DLCI and maintenance protocol is learned automatically (ENABLED), or is manually entered (DISABLED).
Maintenance Protocol
When the Self Learn parameter is DISABLED, use this parameter to specify the desired maintenance protocol.
DLCI
When the Self Learn parameter is DISABLED, use this parameter to specify the DLCI used for exchanging maintenance protocol messages.
H-18
Advanced Setup Menu
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
CIR
Used to specify the maximum amount of data, in bits, which the Frame Relay network guarantees to transfer during the measurement interval (the measurement interval is usually one second). The value of this parameter is obtained from your Frame Relay service provider.
EIR
Used to specify the maximum amount of data, in bits, that the Frame Relay network will attempt to deliver during the measurement interval. The value of this parameter is obtained from the Frame Relay service provider. A typical Frame Relay Protocol Parameters menu is shown in Figure H-12. IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup ..................................................................... Device identification Interface Parameters Protocol Parameters ===================================================================== 1. Self Learn :[ Enabled ] 2. Maintenance Protocol :[ ANSI T1.617 ANNEX D ] 3. DLCI (0-None) :0.. 4. CIR :0....... 5. EIR :64000... Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-12. Frame Relay Protocol Parameters Menu
WAN Protocol Parameters PPP Protocol Menu

The PPP Protocol Parameters menu is used to configure the parameters PPP WAN for protocol (the WAN protocol is selected by means of the (the WAN protocol is selected by means of the Quick Setup Menu) in Figure H-5. To access the Protocol Parameters menu: From the Advanced Setup menu, type 3.
Header and Control Field Compression

Used to control the use of header and control field compression type according to RFC 1661. It is strongly recommended that this compression be used for troubleshooting only.
Protocol Field Compression

Used to control the use of protocol field compression type according to RFC 1661. It is strongly recommended that this compression be used for troubleshooting only.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Advanced Setup Menu
H-19
Authentication Protocol
Used to select the authentication protocol used by an IP router configured as host to validate incoming connections.
Security Host/Guest
This option can be used to configure the IP router either as a guest unit, to be authenticated by another router, or as a host unit, that authenticates other routers.
User Name To Send

The name by which an IP router card configured as guest identifies itself.
Password To Send
The password by which an IP router card configured as guest identifies itself.
User Name To Accept

The user name to be accepted by an IP router configured as host, when an incoming connection request is received.
Password To Accept
The user password to be accepted by an IP router configured as host, when an incoming connection request is received. A typical PPP Protocol Parameters menu is shown in Figure H-13. IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup ..................................................................... Device identification Interface Parameters Protocol Parameters ===================================================================== 1. Header and Control Field Compression :[ No ] 2. Protocol Field Compression: :[ No ] 3. Authentication Protocol :[ NONE/NONE ] 4. Security Host / Guest :[ Guest ] 5. User Name To Send :................. 6. Password To Send :................. 7. User Name To Accept :................. 8. Password To Accept :................. Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-13. PPP Protocol Parameters Menu
Multicast IP Menu
The Multicast IP menu is used to specify the IP multicast frame forwarding parameters, and to access the static multicast groups table.
H-20
Advanced Setup Menu
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
To access the Multicast IP menu: From the Advanced Setup menu, press 4. The Multicast IP menu appears (Figure H-14). IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup ..................................................................... Device identification Interface Parameters Protocol Parameters Multicast IP ===================================================================== 1. Multicast forwarding :[ Disable ] 2. Static groups :>>> Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-14. Multicast IP Menu
Multicast Forwarding
Used to control the forwarding of IP multicast frames. The following selections are available: DISABLED Disables multicast forwarding in both directions. LAN to WAN Enables forwarding of IP multicast frames addressed to groups appearing in the Static Multicast Groups table, from the LAN to the WAN. WAN to LAN Enables forwarding of IP multicast frames addressed to groups appearing in the Static Multicast Groups table, from the WAN to the LAN. BIDIRECTIONAL Enables forwarding of IP multicast frames addressed to groups appearing in the Static Multicast Groups table, in both directions. WAN to LAN + IGMP Enables forwarding of IP multicast frames addressed to groups appearing in the Static Multicast Groups table, from the WAN to the LAN. In addition, more groups can be added dynamically (the additional can be viewed using the View menu Figure H-19). TRANSPARENT All the IP multicast frames are forwarded, irrespective of the Static Multicast Groups table.
Static Groups
Select this parameter to access the static multicast groups table. The table is used to specify the IP addresses for up to 10 IP multicast groups. You can add, change, or delete each entry in the table (see the prompt line). To access the Static Groups menu: From the Multicast IP menu, type 2. The following screen appears:
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Advanced Setup Menu
H-21
IR_IP
<IR-IP>
Static Multicast Groups Table ----------------------------Group IP Address 1. ................ 2. ................ 3. ................ 4. ................ 5. ................ 6. ................ 7. ................ 8. ................ 9. ................ 10. ............... Press 'A'-add, 'E'-edit, 'D'-delete, 'C'-clear all, 'ESC'-exit:
Figure H-15. Static Multicast Groups Table
H.10 Device Control Menu

The Device Control menu is used to download software from TFTP servers and perform interface and device resets. To access the Device Control menu: From the Main menu, type 4. The Device Control menu appears (Figure H-16). IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup Device Control ---------------------------------------------------------1. New Software Download 2. View error LOG 3. Erase configuration 4. Resets Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-16. Device Control Menu
New Software Download Menu

IR-IP operates as a TFTP client, and therefore it is possible to update its software by downloading new software from another computer that operates as a TFTP server. The New Software Download menu is used to specify the software downloading parameters.
H-22 Device Control Menu FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
To access the New Software Download menu: From the Device Control submenu, type 1. New Software Download menu appears (Figure H-17). IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup Device Control ..................................................................... New Software Download ===================================================================== 1. Server IP Address :............... 2. File Name :................... 3. Total Timeout (sec) :.. 4. Start operation :>>> Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-17. New Software Download Menu
Server IP Address
Used to enter the IP address of the TFTP server.
File Name
Used to enter the name and path of the file to be transferred from the TFTP server.
Total Timeout
Used to enter the time IP router should wait for an acknowledgment from the TFTP server, for example 60 seconds.
Start Operation
After selecting all the necessary parameters, type 4 on the New Software Download screen and then press <Enter> to start the downloading. You can follow the progress of the downloading process (indicated by arrows). Upon completion of the download process, the unit performs a reset. The Telnet connection is lost and must be restarted if required.
View Error Log Screen

This item of the Device Control submenu is used to view the error log file. This file logs errors detected in IR-IP for debug and technical support purposes.
Erase Configuration
Selecting this item allows you to reset all the configuration parameters to their default values.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Device Control Menu
H-23
Note
Do this only if you need to reconfigure the module anew (all the parameters). After erase confirmation all connections with the IR-IP module will be lost. For
instructions on further configuration, refer to Performing Preliminary Configuration on page H-6.
Resets Menu
The Resets menu allows you to perform reset of IR-IP, or its interfaces. This operation can be used to restore normal operation after service is disrupted by an abnormal condition. Any data stored in the IR-IP buffers is discarded, and the flow of traffic is temporarily interrupted. To access the Resets menu: From the Device Control menu, type 3. The following screen appears: IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup Device Control ..................................................................... New Software Download View error LOG Resets ===================================================================== 1. Reset Device 2. Reset LAN 3. Reset WAN Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-18. Resets Menu
Reset Device
To restart IR-IP: From the Resets menu, type 1. You will be prompted to confirm the reset operation.
Note
Resetting the device will restart the IR-IP interface module, and therefore traffic flow is temporarily interrupted, and the Telnet connection is lost.
Reset LAN
To reset the LAN interface: From the Resets menu, type 2. You will be prompted to confirm the reset operation.
H-24
Device Control Menu
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Note
This operation restarts the IR-IP LAN controller. To continue your Telnet session, press any key within 15 seconds following the confirmation of the reset operation.
Reset WAN
To reset the WAN interface: From the Resets menu, type 3. You will be prompted to confirm the reset operation.
Note
Resetting the WAN interface causes the WAN controller to be restarted. This results in renegotiation of the WAN protocol parameters. To continue your Telnet session, press any key within 15 seconds following the confirmation of the reset operation.
H.11 View Menu

The View menu is used to view the IR-IP configuration data, and display information on its ARP tables, multicast Groups tables and statistics. To access the View menu: From the Main menu, type 5. The View menu appears (Figure H-19). IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup Device Control View ---------------------------------------------------------1. Configuration and Connection 2. ARP Tables 3. Multicast Groups Table 4. Statistics Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-19. View Menu
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
View Menu
H-25
Configuration and Connection

This screen is used to view the configuration parameters of IR-IP. In addition, you can also view the current status of the LAN and WAN interface. To access the Configuration and Connection screen: From the View menu, type 1. The View Configuration screen appears (Figure H-20). IR_IP VIEW CONFIGURATION -----------------BOOT Version Device Name System Location Contact Person MAC Address Default Gateway <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
:1.06 18.03.1999 :IP router card :The location of this device :Name of contact Person : 00-20-D2-16-3F-9B : WAN
Intrf Type Baud(Kbps) Prot IP Address IP Mask Status ..................................................................... LAN UTP ------Ethr 192.168.205.005 255.255.255.000 Connected WAN V.110 FR Not Conn. Press any key to continue:
Figure H-20. View Configuration Screen
ARP Tables
This screen is used to display the IR-IP ARP table. This table shows the IP address assigned to each station on the LAN (the stations are identified by their MAC addresses). To access the ARP Tables screen: From the View menu, type 2. The ARP Tables screen appears (Figure H-21). IR_IP <IR-IP> ARP Table --------MAC Address 00-40-33-20-C8-3C S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
IP Address 192.168.205.003 Press any key for exit
IP Address
MAC Address
Figure H-21. ARP Tables Screen
H-26
View Menu
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Multicast Groups Table Screen

This screen is used to display information about the multicast group IP addresses and their status. To access the Multicast Groups Table screen: In the View menu, type 3. The Multicast Groups Table screen appears (Figure H-22). IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
Multicast Groups Table ---------------------Group IP Address Status Press any key for exit
Group IP Address Status
Figure H-22. Multicast Groups Table Screen
Statistics Screen
The Statistics screen is used to display statistical information on the traffic between the networks connected by IR-IP. The data displayed on this screen enables you to evaluate the IR-IP performance. Two different Statistics screens are used, one for the LAN side and the other for the WAN side. To access the Statistics menu: In the View menu, type 4. The LAN and WAN Statistics screens appear (Figure H-23 and Figure H-24). IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN LAN
Counter Name in Octets Unicast Frames In Non-Unicast Frames In Out Octets Unicast Frames Out Non-Unicast Frames Out to WAN Frames Passed IP Datagram Received to CPU Frames Discarded to WAN Frames Discarded Out Errors RX Frames Errors MAC Receive Errors MAC TX Errors
SYSTEM STATISTICS ----------------Val Counter Name 83504 LAN IP Header Errors 1 LAN IP Address Errors 9 LAN Alignment Errors 83504 LAN CRC Errors 3560 LAN Single Collisions 0 LAN Multiple Collisions 1698 LAN Late Collisions 2638 LAN Excessive Collisions 0 LAN Frames Too Long Errors 0 LAN RX FIFO Overrun Error 0 LAN SQE Transmitted 0 LAN Deferred Frames 0 LAN Carrier Sense Lost 0 LAN FIFO Underrun
Val 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
N - Next Screen. ESC - Back To Previous Menu. R - Refresh Page. C - Clear The Counters Of This Page.
Figure H-23. LAN Statistics Screen
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
View Menu
H-27
IR_IP
<IR-IP>
WAN WAN WAN WAN WAN WAN WAN WAN WAN
Counter Name in Octets Out Octets Out Frames to LAN Frames Transfer IP Datagram Received to CPU Discarded to LAN Discarded Out Errors CRC Errors
SYSTEM STATISTICS ----------------Val Counter Name 83504 WAN Alignment Errors 1950 WAN Aborted Frames 1723 WAN Short Frames 1698 WAN RX FIFO Overrun Error 1723 WAN to CPU Frames Errors 0 WAN Frame Too Long Errors 0 WAN IP Header Errors 0 WAN IP Addres Errors 0 0 0 0 0 0
Val 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
PPP Address Error PPP Control Error DLCI Unrecognized Error Frame Relay Forward Conge Frame Relay Backward Conge
P - Previous Screen. ESC - Back To Previous Menu. R - Refresh Page. C - Clear The Counters Of This Page.
Figure H-24. WAN Statistics Screen
H.12 Diagnostic Tool (Ping Terminal) Menu

This section provides information on the diagnostic tool provided with IR-IP (the ping utility). To access the Diagnostic Tools menu: In the Main menu, type 6. The Diagnostic Tools menu appears (Figure H-25). IR_IP <IR-IP> S/W Ver. 1.21 (date)
Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup Device Control View Diagnostic Tools (PING terminal) ===================================================================== 1. Ping IP Address :192.168.100.011 2. Start Pinging :>>> 3. Stop Pinging :>>> Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-25. Diagnostic Tools Menu
H-28
Diagnostic Tool (Ping Terminal) Menu
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Using the Ping Function

The Ping option is used to confirm IP connectivity by pinging other IP hosts. Connectivity is confirmed by receiving a reply from the remote (pinged) IP host. To ping a host: 1. From the Diagnostic Tools menu, type 1 and enter the desired host IP address. 2. Press <Enter> to confirm the destination IP address. 3. To start pinging, type 2 on the Diagnostic Tools screen. After pinging starts, you can monitor the ping status. A typical screen is shown in Figure H-26.
Note
After pinging is started, it continues in the background even if you exit the Diagnostics Tools screen. In this case, a Ping Running message appears in the top upper left-hand corner of the screen.
4. To stop pinging, type 3 from the Diagnostic Tools menu. A Ping Stopped message is displayed. To clear the message and return to the Diagnostic Tools screen, press any key.
IR_IP
<IR-IP>
Quick Setup Management Access Advanced Setup Device Control View Diagnostic Tools (PING terminal) ===================================================================== 1. Ping IP Address :192.168.100.011 2. Start Pinging :>>> 3. Stop Pinging :>>> Pinging 192.168.212.001 Sent 27 Recvd 25 Lost 2 Resp.Time 60 ms
Press one of the numbers to select or ESC:
Figure H-26. Diagnostic Tools Menu after Receiving Pinging Response
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Diagnostic Tool (Ping Terminal) Menu
H-29
H.13 Erasing Users Configuration

The user-defined configuration parameters are stored in the IP router card flash memory. After the user-defined configuration parameters are erased, the IP router card automatically loads the default parameters. You may want to erase the current configuration parameters: Before IR-IP is prepared for operation in a new application. When you cannot configure IR-IP because its current LAN-interface IP address and/or the Telnet password, are not known.
To erase the users configuration: 1. Turn FCD-E1L off. 2. Set all the four sections of the IR-IP DIP switch (see Table H-2) to ON. 3. Turn FCD-E1L on and monitor the ERR and LINK indicators: they must blink alternately. 4. While ERR and LINK are blinking (within 15 seconds), set sections 1 and 2 of the DIP switch to OFF. The IP router configuration is erased. During the process of erasing, the ERR indicator turns on and lights steadily.
Note
If you do not set sections 1 and 2 to OFF within 15 seconds of power-up, the IP router card ignores the setting of all the four sections to ON and starts normal operation. In this case, it is recommended to turn the FCD-E1L off and then back on. To abort the whole operation, turn FCD-E1L off, return all the four-switch section to the desired positions, and then turn FCD-E1L on again.
5. Turn FCD-E1L off, and then return all the four sections of the DIP switch to the desired positions.
H.14 Erasing IR-IP Software

You may erase the IR-IP application software, without erasing the user-defined parameters. After the application software is erased, IR-IP starts its TFTP server application, and waits for the downloading of software by a TFTP client connected to its LAN interface. The procedure to be used to download the application software in this case is also described below. You may want to erase the application software if the downloading of new software using the Device Control menu (see Figure H-16) fails, and the IP router card does not function properly.
H-30
Erasing IR-IP Software
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
Erasing Application Software

To erase the application software: 1. Turn FCD-E1L off. 2. Set all the four sections of IR-IP DIP switch to ON. 3. Turn FCD-E1L on and monitor the ERR and LINK indicators: they must blink alternately. 4. While ERR and LINK are blinking (within 15 seconds), set sections 3 and 4 of the DIP switch to OFF. The IP router application software is erased. During the process of erasing, the ERR indicator turns on and lights steadily.
Note
If you do not set sections 3 and 4 to OFF within 15 seconds of power-up, IR-IP ignores the setting of all the four sections to ON and starts normal operation. In this case, it is recommended to turn FCD-E1L off and then back on. Alternately, to abort the whole operation, turn FCD-E1L off, return all the four switches to the desired positions, and then turn FCD-E1L on again.
5. Turn FCD-E1L off, and then return all the four sections of the DIP switch to the desired positions.
Downloading New Software

After erasing the application software, you can download new software from any computer that can serve as a TFTP client. To enable the downloading, IR-IP automatically activates its TFTP server application with the following factory-default IP parameters: IP address: Subnet mask: 192.168.205.1 255.255.255.252.
Connect the computer serving as a TFTP client to the IR-IP 10BASE-T connector in the way as a Telnet host used for preliminary configuration (see the Performing Preliminary Configuration section). The computer IP parameters must be configured as follows: IP address Subnet mask Default gateway 192.168.205.2 255.255.255.252 192.168.205.1
To download new software: 1. If necessary, turn FCD-E1L off. 2. Set all the four sections of the IR-IP DIP switch to OFF. 3. Turn FCD-E1L on. 4. Connect the computer to the IP router LAN interface (for the 10BaseT version, verify that the LINK indicator lights steadily) and configure its IP parameters as explained above.
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
H-31
5. Run a standard TFTP client application on the Telnet host, and download the appropriate software file. If the download is successful, IR-IP starts using the new software. If the downloading fails, repeat the download process.
H-32
FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0
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INSTALLATION AND OPERATION MANUAL

The Access Company

Installation and Operation Manual

19912007 RAD Data Communications Ltd.

Publication No. 165-200-11/07

General Safety Instructions

Handling Energized Products

Connecting Data and Telecommunications Cables

FXS (Foreign Exchange Subscriber)

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

FCC-15 User Information

Canadian Emission Requirements

Warning per EN 55022 (CISPR-22)

Mise au rebut du produit

Instructions gnrales de scurit

Manipuler des produits sous tension

Connexion au courant du secteur

Haim Karshen VP Quality

European Contact: RAD Data Ottobrunn-Riemerling, Germany

Quick Start Guide

Perform the following actions in the order given below.

FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0

Quick Start Guide

Installation and Operation Manual

Define the alarm handling parameters

DEF AR DEF ALM MASK

FCD-E1L is now ready for operation.

FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0

3.3 3.4 3.5

FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0

Installation and Operation Manual

FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0

Installation and Operation Manual

Appendix G, and Appendix H respectively.

Figure 1-1. Typical FCD-E1L Application

FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0

Installation and Operation Manual

Main Link Interfaces

FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0

Installation and Operation Manual

Data Channel Interfaces

FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0

Installation and Operation Manual

Handling National Bits

FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0

Installation and Operation Manual

FCD-E1L User's DTE

FCD-E1L User's DTE

Master Timing Source

Data Channel Timing Application

Installation and Operation Manual

Main Link Timing

FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0

Installation and Operation Manual

Synchronous Data Channel Timing

V.24 Data Channel Timing

Ethernet Port Timing

FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0

Installation and Operation Manual

Dial-In and Dial-Out Capabilities

FCD-E1L Ver. 2.0

Installation and Operation Manual