WORLD LEADER IN INNOVATIVE POWER S YSTEM TESTING SOLUTIONS

OMICRON electronics GmbH Oberes Ried 1 6833 Klaus, Austria Phone: +43 5523 507-0 Fax: +43 5523 507-999 www.omicron.at info@omicron.at support@omicron.at OMICRON electronics Asia Ltd. Suite 2006, 20/F, Tower 2 The Gateway, Harbour City, Kowloon Hong Kong S.A.R. Phone: +852 2634 0377 Fax: +852 2634 0390 www.omicron.at info@asia.omicron.at support@asia.omicron.at OMICRON electronics Corp. USA 12 Greenway Plaza, Suite 1510 Houston, Texas 77046 Phone: +1 713-830-4660 800-OMICRON Fax: +1 713-830-4661 www.omicronusa.com info@omicronusa.com techsupport@omicronusa.com

VOLUME 13 / ISSUE 2 A PUBLICATION OF OMICRON 2008

Looking for Protection Information in IEC 61850 Devices

Although it is "only" a communication standard, IEC 61850 has been especially designed for protection and control applications and therefore provides corresponding possibilities. The protection engineer of the future will be required to deal with networking, fast data transmission via GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event) and the data models of his IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Devices). In addition he will have to be familiar with the services of this standard which access this data model. This article is supposed to assist the protection engineer in finding the relevant information within an IED. The starting point for the following descriptions is a distance protection device. The procedure of "exploring the protection aspects" is similar for all devices of the various manufacturers and requires a file describing the IEC 61850 system or knowledge of the IED's IP address. The data model of the IED (see Figure 1) consists of one or more logical devices (LDs). In our example, IED_000 contains a logical protection device named PROT. Although the subdivision into logical devices is specific to each manufacturer, the names of the devices closely resemble each other. However, the next level, i.e. the level of the logical nodes (LN), is exactly defined by the standard. Prefixes are permitted for the logical nodes and the first character provides a rough distinction: P stands for protection, and accordingly, PDIS is a distance protection device. PDIS1 used in the example (Figure 1) is now an entity of this class PDIS, for example, zone Z1 of the distance protection. Just as we would do when examining a new relay, we now have to search the "output" for the trip command. IEC 61850 provides the class PTRC (Protection Trip Conditioning), as shown in Figure 1. This logical node holds objects for Trip (Tr) and Start (Str), see Figure 2.

Figure 2: Data model with Trip object

As we can see, the relevant information is available in the data model and the protection engineer can access it during tests with the suitable tools. According to the definitions in the standard, the tool of the protection engineer works as a client, accessing data on the server (the IED) by means of services. Since all services use the data in the data model, it is possible to configure reporting of this tripping to the control center. It is also possible to quickly distribute this information to the station's network using the GOOSE already mentioned above, in order to realize busbar protection by reverse blocking, to trip a circuit breaker or to provide signaling to a test set. Like all services, the GOOSE utilizes its own DataSet, i.e. a reference to the data model. In the example, the "GOOSE DataSet" contains the exact data attribute Trip (Tr), which is the tripping signal described earlier (Figure 3). Online monitoring of this signal can be achieved by "subscribing" the GOOSE.

CON TENT
1 Looking for Protection Information in IEC 61850 Devices 2 OMICRON IEDScout 2 CT Analyzer Software 3.0 2 Generator protection testing using the OMICRON PTL 3 FRAnalyzer 3 TestBase provides support for tests with the CPC 100 3 Upcoming Major Events 4 ComicRon 4 Training 4 Events

Figure 3: GOOSE DataSet

Figure 1: Data model, overview

OMICRON IEDScout
The IEDScout software from OMICRON is now available as version 1.50. For this version, the user interface was revised in order to make the important information (data model, GOOSEs, reports) directly available to the user (see also Figure 1 of the front page article). The "GOOSE Sniffing" feature is a useful new feature that allows the user to scan the network for available GOOSEs and to display the GOOSEs existing on the station network (Figure 4). It is possible to subscribe a GOOSE of interest with only one mouse click or to make it available for the GOOSE Configuration Module in the Test Universe software using the copy functionality ("Copy as XML"). With reference to the front page article, we would also like to mention the extended "Find" function that makes finding the Trip object within an IED really easy. The corresponding logical node is opened in the data view. The software is available for download on our homepage.

Generator protection testing using the OMICRON PTL

Generators are equipment of very high value for the companies using them. Consequently, the companies try to attain a high service availability of this equipment. However, since generators are complex machines, the protection functions used for them are diversified and often not easy to test. This is illustrated in Figure 5, using a loss of field protection as an example.
P PA PG

90

180

Figure 5: Impedance plane representation of a line diagram

OMICRON's Protection Testing Library (PTL) includes many protection functions and therefore is an effective and easy-to-use aid for the user. The library offers templates for Siemens 7UM6 protection devices and, in the near future, also for the Beckwith 3425A. These test templates include testing of the following functions: Wiring Overfrequency and Underfrequency (81) Overvoltage and Undervoltage (59) Overexcitation (24) Differential Protection (87) Overcurrent (50) Thermal Overload (49) Unbalanced Load (46) Reverse Power (32) Underexcitation (90) Stator Ground Fault (27, 59) Rotor Ground Fault (64F) For an executable test, all relayspecific settings have to be specified in the Test Object component of the Test Universe software by the user. However, if the relay parameters are available in an export file, it is also possible to import these settings into the Test Object software component via an import filter. The orientation within the Test Object is very easy, since the parameter blocks and the relay parameters are arranged in the same way as they are defined in the operating software of the protection device manufacturer.

Figure 4: GOOSE Sniffer

CT Analyzer Software 3.0

The new software version 3.0 for CT Analyzer can now be downloaded from the customer area on the OMICRON website. The main improvements are: Significantly improved tool for reporting and remote control (CTA Remote Excel File Loader) allows comfortable control of the CT Analyzer via a PC. Templates for comprehensive test reports for different applications, standards and classes. Changing the user interface language during testing allows for testing in one language and also generating test reports in another language. Start page allows control of all applications and tools for the CT Analyzer from one window. Support for some Asian languages. Improved accuracy and graphical representation of the excitation graph. Now at least three voltage decades are shown, even for CTs with very low knee points. Improved accuracy of ratio tests for CTs with a low knee point. Better support for class PX and TPS CTs. More detailed and improved assessment. Support of requirements from Chinese standard (graph that shows the maximum burden that can be connected without reaching the accuracy limit for each primary current). Support for 400 Hz CTs. Firmware update tool to carry out a firmware update for the CT Analyzer from a PC. Detailed help system available on the device. All existing devices can be updated; a license is not required.

Figure 6: Test Object software component holding the relay parameters

The test templates can be easily modified by the user and customized according to specific needs. The use of the XRIO technology for creating and specifying the test module parameters furthermore makes test preparation considerably easier. The customization of test templates according to the specific needs of the user can also be obtained directly from OMICRON as an engineering service.

FRAnalyzer

Further Improvements to Proven Diagnostic Tool

The FRAnalyzer, OMICRON's proven instrument for frequency response analysis for power transformers has been comprehensively revised and further improved for the different applications of our customers. The most important improvements at a glance: The possibility to display a comparative representation of the measurement curves of several transformers (e.g. several transformers of the same series) within one graphical view. Import and export of different file formats: Support of the data format recommendations according to Cigr and possibility to import the data of many third-party manufacturers. Extended dynamic range: Improved noise suppression enables precise measurement down to signals well below -100 dB. Adjustable sweep settings: Free selection of frequency ranges with corresponding assignment of the desired number of measurement points and their arrangement (linear or logarithmic scale). Export of transformer data: All available test data of a transformer can be stored to or loaded from a file. Strongly improved user interface: - Preview window for easy selection of measurement curves. - Graphics provide visual assistance for the connection of the FRAnalyzer to the transformer. - Function to easily display or hide individual curves or complete groups of curves. - Additional visualization of the measurement results in the impedance view and the admittance view. - Possibility to provide each individual measurement curve in the integrated database with date, time and comments. In addition to the development of the FRAnalyzer software, it was possible to further improve the unique connection technique. Our designers improved and simplified the handling of the screw clamps especially developed for this purpose. The range of available accessories will be expanded by a new, quick and easy-to-use optional clamp for short bushings (with only one grounding band). Using this clamp, it is possible to considerably reduce the time required for measurement, particularly for mediumpower transformers. To make the transport of the FRAnalyzer easier, we equipped the transport case with wheels and thus made reliable core and winding diagnosis for power transformers easier than ever before.

TestBase provides support for tests with the CPC 100

The following TestBase features are now available for all CPC users: Integration of all OMICRON test templates for the CPC 100 Transfer of object data into the test template (e.g. serial number, manufacturer, rated capacity, dissipation factor, tolerances) Direct file transfer between TestBase and the CPC 100 The TestBase CPC Enhanced Package is especially intended for dissipation factor measurement using the CPC and TD1 and provides: Automatic transfer of the measurement results from the CPC files for the purpose of analysis Comparison of the results of different measurements (e.g. trend analysis) Interfaces for the transfer and re-use of existing measurement data and for the integration of test devices of other manufacturers

Upcoming Major Events

Following the success of these events in previous years, we are repeating our two major international conferences focusing on the testing of electrical power systems. The first event, entitled Diagnostic Measurements on Power Transformers, to be held on 21-22 October, looks at testing technologies for transformers including lifetime maintenance and condition assessment. Experts in Research, Development and Consulting will present a comprehensive spectrum of diagnostic procedures, further demonstrated through practical examples of Frequency Response Analysis (FRA), Frequency Domain Spectroscopy (FDS), PolarizationDepolarization Current Analysis, Capacitance & Dissipation Factor measurements, Partial Discharge (PD) measurements, tests on OLTC and others. On 23-24 October, the International Protection Testing Symposium takes place with the theme "Testing generations and Testing in Generation. Topics include test strategies for all generations of protection, from new methods for testing of electromechanical relays through to the newest developments in IEC 61850, covering line protection, transformer protection and more. This year's focus on "testing in generation" with topics like generator protection testing, reflects the strong increase in the building and refurbishment of power plants and distributed generation units all around the world. Both events will take place near the Lake of Constance in Friedrichshafen, Germany.

UPCOMING EVENTS
Africa Energy Forum Nice Acropolis Nice, France July 2-4, 2008 www.energynet.co.uk/AEF/ AEF2008 Cigr Session Palais des Congrs Paris, France August 24-29, 2008 www.cigre.org Energetab Bialsko-Biala, Poland September 16-18, 2008 www.energetab.pl The East African Power Industry Convention (EAPIC) 2008 Nairobi, Kenya September 16-18, 2008 www.spintelligent-events.com/ eapic2008/en/ PCIC - 2008 IEEE IAS PCIC Hyatt/Hilton Downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, USA September 22-24, 2008 www.ieee-pcic.org SMM Shipbuilding, Machinery & Marine Technology Exhibition Centre Hamburg Hamburg, Germany September 23-26, 2008 www.smm2008.com The 3rd all China - International Wire & Cable Industry Trade Fair Shanghai New International Expo Center, Shanghai, P.R. China September 23-26, 2008 www.wirechina.net CIRED - 6th Conference on Electricity Distribution Hotel Svezda Vrnjacka Banja, Serbia September 30 - October 3, 2008 www.jukocired.org.yu Circuit Breaker & Substation Maintenance Conference OMNI William Penn Hotel Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA October 6-10, 2008 www.circuitbreakerconference.com Vienna-Tec New Exhibition Centre Vienna Vienna, Austria October 7-10, 2008 www.vienna-tec.at

FOR THE RECORD WITH

COMIC RON

A series of questions most commonly asked, and responses from OMICRONs renowned test Guru... Q: As a CPC 100 user I am using the CPC Explorer to upload the tests created with the CPC 100 into my computer and, after the tests are available there, the CPC Explorer or the Excel File Loader to view or edit the measurements. Is there any possibility to directly access my tests and test results on the CPC 100 from these applications without uploading these data to the computer? A: Yes, there is a possibility for this. With version 1.41 OMICRON introduced the Device Browser. The Device Browser is part of the software and integrates itself into Windows Explorer or on the desktop. It enables the user to perform all operations formerly only possible with the CPC Explorer very conveniently using the Windows Explorer (e.g. finding CPC 100 test systems, setting the IP address, transfer of stored test reports from/to the CPC 100 test system, performing a CPC 100 firmware upgrade). The device browser furthermore supports applications like the CPC Editor, TestBase or the Excel File Loader and thus enables the user to load files directly from the CPC 100 or save files directly to the CPC 100. This functionality is supported via the usual File Open/Save dialog of the respective application.

Q: Is it possible to test the zones of a distance protection relay with just QuickCMC? A: There are different ways to test the distance protection zones using QuickCMC. First, you have to select the corresponding set mode in the test view. For example, if you select Z-I const., it is possible to test a defined fault impedance with a constant test current. The corresponding fault voltage is then calculated automatically. QuickCMC additionally provides an impedance view where you can select the desired test point using the cursor.

OMICRON Training Classes

Houston, TX, USA Testing Protection Relays with the OMICRON Test Universe Klaus, Austria Basics of Partial Discharge (PD) Measurement of Transformers, Motors, Generators and Cables using the MPD 600 Practical Partial Discharge (PD) Measurements with the MPD 600 CPC Basic Training & Measurements on CTs, VTs and Power Transformers Moisture Determination and Dielectric Diagnostic at Power Transformers Theory of FRA for Power Transformers & Philosophy of FRAnalyzer CT Testing with CT Analyzer Sep 11, 2008 Sep 12, 2008 Sep 22-23, 2008 Sep 24, 2008 Sep 25, 2008 Sep 26, 2008 Sep 15-18, 2008