Laboratory Handbook for the Fractionation of Natural Extracts

Peter J. Houghton
and

Amala Raman
Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmacy, King's College London

CHAPMAN & HALL

London Weinheim New York Tokyo Melbourne Madras

Contents
1 Introduction 1.1 The need for this book - an active extract, what happens next? 1.2 Why is it important to find out the nature of the active components? 1.3 Green chemicals - the renewed interest in natural products as sources of bioactive compounds 1.4 What are we doing? 1.5 Bibliography 2 Important concepts 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Polarity ^ 2.3 Dilution and concentration factors 2.4 Synergy 2.5 Deterioration, decomposition and storage 2.6 Biological variation 2.7 Authentication of material 2.8 Dereplication 3 Methods for extraction and sample clean-up 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Factors to be considered in selecting an extraction method 3.3 General extraction methods 3.4 Extraction methods for specific phytochemical groups 3.5 Clean-up techniques to remove unwanted substances 3.6 Bibliography 4 Crude fractionation procedures 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Choice of fractionation method 4.3 Common fractionation methods 4.4 Bibliography 1 1 2 4 7 13 14 14 14 14 16 17 18 20 21 22 22 22 27 39 45 52 54 54 55 56 65