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subj Domanda RispostaA 033 An aircraft is flying at MACH 0.84 at FL 330. The static air temperature is -48C an the 0.80 hea !in c"mp"nent #$ %t. At &338 'TC the c"ntr"ller re(uests the pil"t t" cr"ss the meri ian "f 030) at � 'TC. *i+en the istance t" g" is #,0 -M. the re uce MACH -". sh"ul /e0 033 2n a gi+en path. it is p"ssi/le t" ch"se /et!een f"ur flight le+els 3FL4. each ass"ciate FL$,0 !ith a man at"ry flight Mach -um/er 3M4. The flight c"n iti"ns. static air temperature 35AT4 an hea !in c"mp"nent 3H)C4 are gi+en /el"!0 FL 3,0 - M 6 0.80 Ts 6 -10C H)C 6 -&# 7t FL 330 - M 6 0.,8 Ts 6 -10C H)C6 - # 7t FL $80 - M 6 0.80 Ts 6 -##C H)C 6 -&# 7t FL $,0 - M 6 0.,1 Ts 6 -43C H)C 6 0 The flight le+el all"!ing the highest gr"un spee is0 033 A pu/lic transp"rt aer"plane !ith recipr"cating engines. the final reser+e sh"ul /e0 fuel t" fly f"r 4# minutes 033 9n a flight plan !hen the estinati"n aer" r"me is A an the alternate aer" r"me is :. the final reser+e fuel f"r a tur/";et engine aer"plane c"rresp"n s t"0 033 The Trip Fuel f"r a ;et aer"plane t" fly fr"m the eparture aer" r"me t" the estinati"n aer" r"me is # 3#0 7g. Fuel c"nsumpti"n in h"l ing m" e is 1 000 7g<h. The (uantity "f fuel !hich is nee e t" carry "ut "ne g"-ar"un an lan "n the alternate airfiel is 4 380 7g. The estinati"n aer" r"me has a single run!ay. )hat is the minimum (uantity "f fuel !hich sh"ul /e "n /"ar at ta7e-"ff= 033 F"r tur/";et engine ri+en aer"plane. gi+en0 Ta>i fuel 100 7g Fuel fl"! f"r cruise &0 000 7g<h Fuel fl"! f"r h"l ing 8 000 7g<h Alternate fuel &0 $00 7g ?lanne flight time t" estinati"n 1 h F"recast +isi/ility at estinati"n $000 m The minimum ramp fuel re(uire is0 033 9f a pil"t lan s at an aer" r"me "ther than the estinati"n aer" r"me specifie in the flight plan. he must ensure that the AT5 unit at the estinati"n aer" r"me is inf"rme !ithin a certain num/er "f minutes "f his planne @TA at estinati"n. This num/er "f minutes is0 033 A repetiti+e flight plan 3A?L4 is file f"r a sche ule flight0 ?aris-2rly t" Ang"uleme. ?aris 2rly as alternate. F"ll"!ing hea+y sn"! falls. Ang"uleme airp"rt !ill /e cl"se at the e>pecte time "f arri+al. The airline eci es /ef"re eparture t" plan a re-r"uting "f that flight t" Lim"ges. 033 Fr"m the "pti"ns gi+en /el"! select th"se flights !hich re(uire ATC flight plan n"tificati"n0 9 - Any ?u/lic Transp"rt flight. $ - Any 9FA flight 3 - Any flight !hich is t" /e carrie "ut in regi"ns !hich are esignate t" ease the pr"+isi"n "f the Alerting 5er+ice "r the "perati"ns "f 5earch an Aescue. 4 - Any cr"ss-/"r er flights # - Any flight !hich in+"l+es "+erflying !ater 033 An aircraft flies at a TA5 "f 380 7t. 9t flies fr"m A t" : an /ac7 t" A. Distance A: 6 480 -M. )hen g"ing fr"m A t" :. it e>periences a hea !in c"mp"nent 6 10 7t. The !in remains c"nstant. The urati"n "f the flight !ill /e0 033 2n an ATC flight plan y"u are re(uire t" in icate in the /"> mar7e Cspee C the planne spee f"r the first part "f the cruise "r f"r the entire cruise. This spee is0 033 F"ll"!ing in-flight epressurisati"n. a tur/ine p"!ere aer"plane is f"rce t" i+ert t" an en-r"ute alternate airfiel . 9f actual flight c"n iti"ns are as f"recast. the minimum (uantity "f fuel remaining "n arri+al at the airfiel !ill /e0 30 minutes h"l ing &.#00 feet a/"+e aer" r"me : &3 $30 7g RispostaB 0.,8 0.,1 RispostaC 0.,$ RispostaD Chec
FL$80
FL330
FL3,0
fuel t" fly f"r $ h"urs 30 minutes h"l ing $.000 feet a/"+e aer" r"me : &3 000 7g
fuel t" fly f"r & h"ur at h"l ing spee fuel t" fly f"r 30 minutes at h"l ing spee &# minutes h"l ing $.000 feet a/"+e 30 minutes h"l ing &.#00 feet aer" r"me A a/"+e aer" r"me A &4 ,30 7g && ,30 7g
,, 800 7g
,1 &00 7g
80 #00 7g
,8 $00 7g
30
&#
&0
4#
The A?L must /e cancelle f"r that The airlineBs C2perati"ns C Department ay an a specific flight plan has t" has t" transmit a change in the A?L at /e file . the ATC "ffice. at least half an h"ur /ef"re the planne time "f eparture. $.4 &.#
9t is n"t p"ssi/le t" plan an"ther estinati"n an the flight has t" /e simply cancelle that ay 3sche ule flight an n"t chartere 4. &.$.3
The pil"t-in-c"mman must a +ise ATC "f his intenti"n t" i+ert t" Lim"ges at least &# minutes /ef"re the planne time "f arri+al. 3.4.#
$h 3#min
3h 00min
$h &0min
$h 3$min
The e(ui+alent airspee at least e(ui+alent t" the (uantity re(uire t" fly t" an"ther aer" r"me in the e+ent that !eather c"n iti"ns s" re(uire &&331 7HE.
The in icate airspee lai "!n /y the "perat"r. !ith the (uantity /eing specifie in the "perating manual &,$81 7HE.
The estimate gr"un spee at least e(ui+alent t" 4# minutes flying time
033 During a flight at night a p"siti"n has t" /e rep"rte t" ATC. The aer"plane is at a #148 7HE. istance "f ,#0 -M fr"m the gr"un stati"n an at flight le+el 3#0. The fre(uency t" /e use is0 033 An aer"plane has the f"ll"!ing masses0 @5TL)T6 #0 000 7g Trip fuel6 4 300 7g 4 300 7g. C"ntingency fuel6 $&# 7g Alternate fuel 3final reser+e inclu e 46 $ &007g Ta>i6 #00 7g :l"c7 fuel6 , &&# 7g :ef"re eparture the captain "r ers t" ma7e the /l"c7 fuel 8 000 7g. The trip fuel in the "perati"nal flight plan sh"ul rea 0 033 Acc"r ing t" the chart the minimum "/structi"n clearance altitu e 3M2CA4 is 8#00 ft. 8800 ft. The mete"r"l"gical ata gi+es an "utsi e air temperature "f -$0C at FL 8#. The F-H. gi+en /y a met. stati"n at an ele+ati"n "f 4000ft. is &003 h?a. )hat is the minimum
&$3.8 MHE.
1 &8# 7g.
8 000 7g.
1 400 7g.
8#00 ft.
&$800 ft.
8$00 ft.
3000 h"urs.
&000 h"ur.
0030 h"urs. flight plan !ith the c"rrect time "f eparture.
$ h"urs.
file flight plan !ith amen ments file flight plan. an clearance inclu e .
033 )hich "f the f"ll"!ing statements regar ing filing a ATC flight plan is c"rrect=
033 An aircraft is "n an 9FA flight. The flight is t" /e change fr"m 9FA t" HFA. 9s it p"ssi/le= 033 I"u ha+e an ATC flight plan 9FA fr"m Amster am t" L"n "n. 9n the flight plan it is n"te that y"u !ill e+iate fr"m the AT5 r"ute passing the F9A /"un ary Amster am<L"n "n. The air!ay clearance rea s0 Cleare t" L"n "n +ia flight planne r"ute. )hich "f the f"ll"!ing statements is c"rrect= 033 Mar7 the c"rrect statement0 9f a ecisi"n p"int pr"ce ure is applie f"r flight planning.
9n case "f ATFM 3Air Traffic Fl"! Management4 the flight plan sh"ul /e file at least three h"urs in a +ance "f the @2:T. Ies. the pil"t in c"mman must inf"rm ATC using the phrase Ccancelling my 9FA flightC. The r"ute acc"r ing t" the flight plan is accepte .
Any flight plan sh"ul /e file at least &0 minutes /ef"re eparture.
flight plan in the c"urse "f !hich ra i" c"mmunicati"n sh"ul /e practise /et!een aer"plane an ATC. A flight plan sh"ul /e file !hen a A flying c"llege can file repetiti+e nati"nal F9A /"un ary !ill /e flight plan f"r HFA flights. cr"sse . -". "nly ATC can "r er y"u t" " this. Ies. /ut "nly !ith permissi"n fr"m ATC.
-". y"u ha+e t" remain 9FA in acc"r ance t" the file flight plan. The file e+iati"n is n"t accepte .
I"u !ill get a separate clearance f"r 9t is n"t all"!e t" file such a flight the e+iati"n. plan.
033 An "perat"r shall ensure that calculati"n "f usa/le fuel f"r an 9FA-flight !ith a tur/";et aer"plane f"r !hich n" estinati"n alternate is re(uire inclu es. ta>i fuel. trip fuel. c"ntingency fuel an fuel t" fly f"r0 033 HFA flights shall n"t /e fl"!n "+er the c"ngeste areas "f cities at a height less than
033 H"! many feet y"u ha+e t" clim/ t" reach FL ,#= *i+en0 FL ,#J eparture aer" r"me ele+ati"n � ftJ F-H 6 &0$3 h?aJ temperature 6 95AJ & h?a 6 30 ft 033 The re(uire time f"r final reser+e fuel f"r tur/";et aer"plane is0 033 *i+en0 Dry "perating mass 3D2M46 33#&0 7g Traffic L"a 6 ,100 7g Final reser+e fuel6 883 7g Alternate fuel6 &&00 7g C"ntingency fuel &0$ 7g The estimate lan ing mass at alternate sh"ul /e0 033 *i+en0 Dry "perating mass 3D2M46 33000 7g Traffic L"a 6 8&&0 7g Final reser+e fuel6 883 7g Alternate fuel6 &&00 7g C"ntingency fuel &0$ 7g The estimate lan ing mass at alternate sh"ul /e0 033 *i+en0 Dry "perating mass 3D2M46 33#&0 7g Traffic L"a 6 ,100 7g Trip fuel 3TF46 $040 7g Final reser+e fuel6 883 7g Alternate fuel6 &&00 7g C"ntingency fuel6 #G "f trip fuel )hich "f the liste estimate masses is c"rrect= 033 *i+en0 Fuel ensity 6 0.,8 7g<l Dry "perating mass 6 33#00 7g Traffic l"a 6 &0 100 7g Ma>imum all"!a/le ta7e-"ff mass 6 11$00 7g Ta>i fuel 6 $00 7g Tan7 capacity 6 $$ #00 Litres The ma>imum p"ssi/le ta7e-"ff fuel is0 033 The (uantity "f fuel !hich is calculate t" /e necessary f"r a ;et aer"plane t" fly 9FA fr"m eparture aer" r"me t" the estinati"n aer" r"me is #3#$ 7g. Fuel c"nsumpti"n in h"l ing m" e is 1 000 7g<h. Alternate fuel is 4380 7g. C"ntingency sh"ul /e #G "f trip fuel. )hat is the minimum re(uire (uantity "f fuel !hich sh"ul /e "n /"ar at ta7e-
the trip fuel t" the estinati"n aer" r"me is t" /e calculate +ia the ecisi"n p"int. 4# minutes at h"l ing spee at 4#0 m a/"+e aer" r"me ele+ati"n in stan ar c"n iti"ns &000 ft a/"+e the highest "/stacle !ithin a ra ius "f 100 m fr"m the aircraft. 1300 ft. 30 min. 4$&8# 7g.
the trip fuel t" the estinati"n aer" r"me is t" /e calculate +ia the suita/le enr"ute alternate. $ h"urs at n"rmal cruise c"nsumpti"n
$000 ft a/"+e the highest "/stacle !ithin a ra ius "f 100 ft fr"m the aircraft. 1000 ft. 4# min. 4$083 7g.
the fuel calculati"n is /ase "n a c"ntingency fuel fr"m eparture aer" r"me t" the ecisi"n p"int. 4# minutes plus &#G "f the flight 4# minutes at h"l ing spee at 4#0 time planne t" /e spent at cruising m a/"+e M5L in stan ar le+el "r t!" h"urs !hiche+er is less c"n iti"ns #00 ft a/"+e the highest "/stacle. the highest "/stacle.
4$&8# 7g.
4&&&0 7g.
4$$&0 7g.
4$3&$ 7g.
$$ &00 7g
$& 800 7g
&3000 7g.
&4#00 7g.
&33,0 7g.
&3$$0 7g.
,380 7g.
&84# 7g.
3#00 7g.
$0 minutes h"l "+er alternate airfiel . 30 minutes h"l at � ft a/"+e mean sea le+el. 8 '5 gall"n &$ '5 gall"n
&# minutes h"l at � ft a/"+e estinati"n aer" r"me ele+ati"n. 3 '5 gall"n
$8 -M
31 -M
$# -M
&& 400 7g
&4 400 7g
8 100 7g
& $00 7g
& 000 7g
& 180 7g
&& min
&# min
&4 min
#8 -AMJ1$ -M
1, -AMJ ,& -M
,& -AMJ1, -M
&$38 7g
&38, 7g
&040 7g
FL 330
FL 3$0
FL 300
The magnetic c"urse t" fly in/"un t" :iggin. The air!ay ':# cann"t /e use . there is "ne !ay traffic t" the n"rth. The figure &3.4 means that the minimum enr"ute altitu e 3M@A4 is &3400 ft.
The a+erage true c"urse "f the great The ra ial. reference t" true n"rth. circle fr"m :iggin t" A//e+ille. "f :iggin t" fly in/"un . The air!ay ':# is cl"se f"r s"uth/"un traffic a/"+e FL $00. The figure &3.4 means that the minimum sect"r altitu e 3M5A4 is &3400 ft. H2A<DM@ 5:* !ill /e elete in the future an cann"t /e use f"r na+igati"n. TA5 43& 7tJ &&13 -AM The air!ay ':# is cl"se in this irecti"n e>cept uring the !ee7en s. The figure &08 means that the minimum "/stacle clearance altitu e 3M2CA4 "n this r"ute is &0800 ft a/"+e M5L. 9L5<DM@ &&3.8 MHE "f 5alE/urg airp"rt can /e use f"r na+igati"n.
033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-33&,A "r A"ute Manual chart @3H944 CAA-@ iti"n4 An H2A<DM@ !ith i entificati"n 2nly the DM@ !ith i entificati"n 5:* aircraft has t" fly fr"m 5alE/urg 34800.$B- 0&$#3.1B@4 t" %lagenfurt 3413,.#B5:* fre(uency &&3.8 MHE can /e can /e use . f"r !hich fre(uency &&3.8 0&433.8B@4. At 5alE/urg there is state "n the chart D &&3.8 5:*. That means0 use . MHE sh"ul /e tune . H2A is n"t a+aila/le. 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-33&8A "r Flight ?lanning Manual MAKT & Figure TA5 43& 7tJ $$, -AM TA5 4$3 7tJ $$, -AM 4.#.3.&4 *i+en0 l"ng range cruiseJ "utsi e air temperature 32AT4 -4# C in FL 3#0J mass at the /eginning "f the leg 40 000 7gJ mass at the en "f the leg 38 000 7g. Fin 0 true airspee 3TA54 at the en "f the leg an the istance 3-AM4. 033 *i+en0 Ma>imum all"!a/le ta7e-"ff mass 14 400 7gJ ma>imum lan ing mass #1$00 7gJ 3 000 7g 4 000 7g ma>imum Eer" fuel mass #3 000 7gJ ry "perating mass 3# #00 7gJ estimate l"a &4 #00 7gJ estimate trip fuel 4 800 7gJ minimum ta7e-"ff fuel , 400 7g. Fin 0 ma>imum a iti"nal l"a 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne>es 033-33$0A. 033-33$0: an 033-33$0C "r Flight ?lanning $# 000 ftJ 43# 7t $# 000 ftJ 44# 7t Manual MAKT & Figures 4.$.&. 4.$.$ an 4.#.3.$4 *i+en0 estimate ta7e-"ff mass #, 000 7gJ still air istance � -AMJ "utsi e air temperature 32AT4 95A -&0%J cruise at 0.,4 Mach. Fin 0 cruise altitu e an e>pecte true airspee 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-33$&A "r Flight ?lanning Manual MAKT & Figure 4 800 7gJ 0&0 4# 4 400 7gJ 0$0 0# 4.3.&.:4 *i+en0 estimate Eer" fuel mass #0 tJ estimate lan ing mass at alternate #$ tJ final reser+e fuel $ tJ alternate fuel & tJ flight t" estinati"n. istance ,$0 -M. true c"urse 3TC4 030. )<H 340<30J cruise0 l"ng range FL 330. "utsi e air temperature -30 C. Fin 0 estimate trip fuel an time 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-33$$A "r Flight ?lanning Manual MAKT & Figure 4.3.14 & &00 7gJ $# min & &00 7gJ 44 min *i+en0 estimate ry "perati"n mass 3# #00 7gJ estimate l"a &4 #00 7gJ final reser+e fuel &$00 7gJ istance t" alternate 8# -MJ a+erage true trac7 $&8J hea !in c"mp"nent &0 7t Fin 0 fuel an time t" alternate. 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-33$3A "r Flight ?lanning Manual MAKT & Figure &$ 400 7g. 03h ## min && 400 7g. 04h &$ min 4.3.3C4 *i+en0 gr"un istance t" estinati"n aer" r"me & 100 -MJ hea !in c"mp"nent #0 7tJ FL 330J cruise 0.,8 MachJ 95A L $0 CJ estimate lan ing !eight ##000 7g . Fin 0 simplifie flight planning t" etermine estimate trip fuel an trip time. 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-33$4A "r Flight ?lanning Manual MAKT & Figure 4.44 & &80 7gJ alternate ele+ati"n $ 310 7gJ alternate ele+ati"n *i+en0 ry "perating mass 3# #00 7gJ estimate l"a &$ 000 7g. c"ntingency appr"ach an lan ing fuel $ #00 7gJ ele+ati"n at eparture aer" r"me #00 ftJ ele+ati"n at alternate aer" r"me 30 ft. Fin 0 final reser+e fuel f"r a ;et aer"plane 3h"l ing4 an gi+e the ele+ati"n !hich is rele+ant. 033 The fuel plan gi+es a trip fuel "f 1# '5 gall"ns. The alternate fuel. final reser+e inclu e . The remaining fuel is n"t sufficient At the estinati"n there !ill still /e 30 is &, '5 gall"ns. C"ntingency fuel is #G "f the trip fuel. The usa/le fuel at eparture is t" reach the estinati"n !ith '5 gall"ns in the tan7s 83 '5 gall"ns. At a certain m"ment the fuel c"nsume acc"r ing t" the fuel gauges is 40 reser+es intact '5 gall"ns an the istance fl"!n is half "f the t"tal istance. Assume that fuel c"nsumpti"n "esnBt change. )hich statement is right = 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-33$,A "r Flight ?lanning Manual M@? & Figure 3.$4 A ,#$ -M 8#$ -M flight is t" /e ma e in a multi engine pist"n aer"plane 3M@?&4. The cruising le+el !ill /e &&000ft. The "utsi e air temperature at FL is -&# C. The usa/le fuel is &$3 '5 gall"ns. The p"!er is set t" ec"n"mic cruise. Fin the range in -M !ith 4# min reser+e fuel at 4#
, 000 7g
# 100 7g
At eparture the reser+e fuel !as $8 At estinati"n the re(uire reser+es '5 gall"ns remain intact.
1&0 -M
10$ -M
$80 t" re uce the minimum re(uire fuel an theref"re /e a/le t" increase the traffic l"a . c"ntingency fuel /y a ing c"ntingency "nly fr"m the /urn"ff /et!een ecisi"n p"int an estinati"n. &$&3 'TC
$$4
$4$
$1$
033 )hen using ecisi"n p"int pr"ce ure. y"u re uce the
t" re uce the lan ing !eight an thus t" increase the safety "f the flight. t" increase the am"unt "f e>tra fuel. re uce the structural stress "n the aircraft. c"ntingency fuel /y a ing c"ntingency reser+e fuel fr"m &0G "!n t" #G. h"l ing fuel /y 30G. "nly fr"m the /urn"ff /et!een the ecisi"n airp"rt an estinati"n. &$$& 'TC &$33 'TC &$03 'TC
033 9f CA5 is &80 7ts. Altitu e 8000 ft. Temp. 95A - &0C. True C"urse 3TC4 3#0. )<H 3$0<40. istance fr"m eparture t" estinati"n is 3#0 -M. en urance 3 h"urs. an actual time "f eparture is &&0# 'TC. The ?"int "f @(ual Time 3?@T4 is reache at0 033 9f CA5 is &80 7ts. Altitu e 8000 ft. Temp. 95A - &0C. True C"urse 3TC4 3#0. )<H 3$0<40. istance fr"m eparture t" estinati"n is 3#0 -M. en urance 3 h"urs an actual time "f eparture is &&0# 'TC. The istance fr"m eparture t" ?"int "f @(ual Time 3?@T4 is0 033 A escent is planne fr"m ,#00 ft AM5L s" as t" arri+e at &000 ft AM5L 1 -M fr"m a H2ATAC. )ith a *5 "f  7ts an a rate "f escent "f 800 ft<min. The istance fr"m the H2ATAC !hen escent is starte is0 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-3801A "r A"ute Manual chart 59D ?AA95 Charles-De*aulle 3$0-344 ?lanning a 9FA flight fr"m ?aris 3Charles e *aulle4 t" L"n "n 3Heathr"!4. Fin the ele+ati"n "f the eparture aer" r"me. 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-380,A "r A"ute Manual chart 5TAA L2-D2Heathr"! 3&0-$44 ?lanning a 9FA flight fr"m ?aris 3Charles e *aulle4 t" L"n "n 3Heathr"!4. Fin the ele+ati"n "f the estinati"n aer" r"me. 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-3808A "r A"ute Manual chart @3H944 CAA-@ iti"n4 ?lanning a 9FA flight fr"m ?aris Charles e *aulle 3-48 00.8 @00$ 31.84 t" L"n "n Heathr"! 3-#& $8.$ )000 $,.84. Fin the a+erage true c"urse fr"m ?aris t" L"n "n. 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-3808A "r A"ute Manual chart @3H944 CAA-@ iti"n4 ?lanning a 9FA flight fr"m ?aris Charles e *aulle 3-48 00.8 @00$ 31.84 t" L"n "n Heathr"! 3-#& $8.$ )000 $,.84. Determine the preplanning istance /y calculating the irect istance plus &0G. The preplanning istance is0 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-38&0A "r Flight ?lanning Manual MAKT & Figure 4.44 ?lanning a flight fr"m ?aris Charles e *aulle t" L"n "n Heathr"! f"r a t!in - ;et aer"plane. ?replanning0 Dry 2perating Mass 3D2M40 34 000 7g Traffic L"a 0 &3 000 7g The h"l ing is planne at & #00 ft a/"+e alternate ele+ati"n. The alternate ele+ati"n is $#1 ft. The h"l ing is planne f"r 30 minutes !ith n" re ucti"ns. Determine the @stimate Lan ing Mass at alternate Manchester. 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne>es 033-38&&A an 033-38&&: "r A"ute Manual chart @3H944 CAA-@ iti"n an Flight planning manual Figure 4.3.14 ?lanning a flight fr"m ?aris Charles e *aulle 3-48 00.8 @00$ 31.84 t" L"n "n Heathr"! 3-#& $8.$ )000 $,.84 f"r a t!in - ;et aer"plane. The alternate airp"rt is Manchester 3-#3 $&.4 )00$ &#.,4 ?replanning0 The !in fr"m L"n "n t" Manchester is $#0<30 7t The istance fr"m L"n "n t" Manchester is &10 -M. Assume the @stimate Lan ing Mass at alternate is a/"ut #0 000 7g. Fin the alternate fuel an the acc"r ing time. 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne>es 033-38&$A an 033-38&$: "r A"ute Manual chart @3H944 CAA-@ iti"n an Flight planning manual Figure 4.3.$A4 ?lanning a flight fr"m ?aris Charles e *aulle 3-48 00.8 @00$ 31.84 t" L"n "n Heathr"! 3-#& $8.$ )000 $,.84 f"r a t!in - ;et aer"plane. ?replanning0 ?"!er setting0 Mach6 0.,4 ?lanne flight le+el FL
$03 -M
&4, -M
&83 -M
&1, -M
$,.& -M
&#.0 -M
&&., -M
30.$ -M
38, ft.
$18 ft.
$&, ft.
$ ft.
80 ft.
,, ft.
&,, ft.
&00 ft.
3$$.
&4$.
330.
343.
$0, -M.
&88 -M.
308 -M.
$&8 -M.
48 &$# 7g.
48 $#0 7g.
$ $#0 7g.
48 1,# 7g.
## ,1# 7g.
#$ $1# 7g.
5till air istance. !in c"mp"nent. Eer" Flight time. !in c"mp"nent. fuel mass. lan ing mass at alternate. &h 3#min $h4#min $h 04min $h48min
$, 7g trip fuel an &$ 7g reser+e fuel. $3 7g trip fuel an &0 7g reser+e fuel.
Di+ersi"n t" a near/y alternate is n"t Di+ersi"n t" a near/y alternate is n"t Di+ersi"n t" a near/y alternate is necessary. /ecause the reser+e fuel has necessary. /ecause it is all"!e t" necessary. unless the captain n"t /een use c"mpletely. calculate !ith"ut reser+e fuel. eci es t" c"ntinue "n his "!n resp"nsi/ility. 3, '5 gall"ns. 10 '5 gall"ns. 4,0 '5 gall"ns.
81 '5 gall"ns.
,1 '5 gall"ns.
0#0&$
0#0$0
0404$
0#0$3
t" etermine the fuel c"nsumpti"n t" etermine the flight time f"r a certain t" etermine the still air istance f"r t" etermine the "ptimum spee f"r a certain still air istance leg un er c"nsi erati"n "f temperature a !in c"mp"nents +arying !ith c"nsi ering the fuel c"st as !ell as c"nsi ering the ecreasing fuel e+iati"ns. altitu e. the time relate c"st "f the
$#000 ft
$&000 ft
$,#00 ft
33800 ft
3#300 ft
31$00 ft
31,00 ft
&G
&0 G
0G
&8, -AM<&000 7g
$884 -AM<&000 7g
$80, -AM<&000 7g
&� 7g<h
$884 7g<h
&48, 7g<h
$03 -M $$#0 7g
&88 -M $3#0 7g
&83 -M $0#0 7g
$1 min. $0#0 7g. &#, -autical Air Miles 3-AM4. 388 7t 3 h 43 min
$0 min. &,#0 7g. &&, -autical Air Miles 3-AM4. $88 7t $ h #8 min
$# min. &8,# 7g. &48 -autical Air Miles 3-AM4. 38& 7t $ h 43 min
&&0, 7g
&&00 7g
&000 7g
&& min
&# min
&4 min
#8 -AM. 1$ -M
1$ -AM. ,& -M
,& -AM. 1, -M
&$38 7g
&38, 7g
&040 7g
D. 44 -M
'* $&. 18 -M
'* $&. $1 -M
433 7t
43& 7t
4&8 7t
&&400 7g
&4400 7g
8100 7g
4000 7g
,000 7g
#100 7g
$310 7g
&� 7g
$300 7g
#1 -M
#3 -M
4, -M
3 min
&$ min
&# min
&000 l/s
&&00 7g
� l/s
,$.# -M
#1 -M
83 -M
33 -M
31.# -M
3& -M
8, -M
8, -M
1# -M
&0 min
&, min
8 min
$13 7g
$&0 7g
3$0 7g
430 7t
440 7t
4$, 7t
4&, 7t
133 -M
844 -M
,30 -M
#4,.# -M
&&$.#0 MHE
&&8.10 MHE
4$$ 7HE
&&8.80 MHE
Magnetic c"urse &0$. istance #1 Magnetic c"urse $8$. istance #1 -M Magnetic c"urse &0$. istance 8$ -M -M
Magnetic c"urse $8,. istance 4& Magnetic c"urse $#$. istance 4& -M Magnetic c"urse &08. istance 10 -M -M
Magnetic c"urse 081. istance $$ Magnetic c"urse 083. istance 4& -M Magnetic c"urse $1,. istance $$ -M -M
&$1.&$# MHE
&3#.,,# MHE
&&$.$#0 MHM
&$1.&$# 7HE
-D:
TACA-
H2A
-D:
H2A<DM@
H2ATAC
-D:
H2A
TACA-
$18 l/s
$#$ l/s
$&# l/s
$08 l/s
$,0 l/s
$#0 l/s
&,1
004
&8#
41 -M
$8 -M
$4 7m
$800 ft
4$00 ft
� ft
013
$#,
0,,
41 -M
#8 -M
31 -M
##00 ft
1100 ft
#300 ft
'*&
'A34
0#0<4, -M
33,<41 -M
&#,<#8 -M
33,<3& -M
33,<#8 -M
3#$<,$ -M
3#$<81 -M
338<80 -M
338<&$# -M
0$4< ,3 -M
0$3< &#, -M
0$4< $0 -M
0$3< 4, -M
&18<4$ -M
348<$1 -M
&18<18 -M
348<4$ -M
$,8<8# -M
$,8<&&4 -M
3&&<&&4 -M
3&&<8# -M
$8,<#, -M
&&,<#, -M
$8,<,0 -M
&&,<,& -M
0#$<#0 -M
00,<10 -M
&0#<&0# -M
&3$<43 -M
01&<3, -M
048<41 -M
01&<$8 -M
04&<,8 -M
341<4# -M
341<14 -M
&11<14 -M
341<43 -M
33$<,1 -M
&#$<4$ -M
3$$<10 -M
33$<&&8 -M
084< 80 -M
01,< &$$ -M
&&3< &4$ -M
041< ,0 -M
TACA- "nly. channel 84. 3fre(uency &&3., MHE4 H2A<TACA-. fre(uency &&#.1 MHE TACA-. channel 8,. fre(uency &&4.0 MHE a H2A "nly. fre(uency &&#.0 MHE an -D:. fre(uency 381 7HE
TACA-. channel 84. an a H2A fre(uency &&3., MHE "nly H2A "nly. fre(uency &&#.1 MHE H2A. fre(uency &&4.0 MHE. an TACA- channel 8, a H2A<DM@. fre(uency &&#.0MHE a H2A. fre(uency 381 MHE
TACA-. channel 84. an an -D: fre(uency 8$ 7HE "nly DM@ "nly. channel &&#.1
H2ATAC. fre(uency &&3., MHE. an an -D: fre(uency 8$ 7HE TACA- "nly. fre(uency &&#.1 MHE TACA-. channel &&4.0 TACA-. channel 8,. an -D: fre(uency &&4.0 7HE an -D: "nly. fre(uency &&#.0 7HE a TACA-. fre(uency &&#.0 MHE a H2A<DM@. "n channel 381 a TACA-. "n channel 381
-2T fre(uency paire . an ha+e the fre(uency paire . an ha+e the same i entifier same i entifier Channel 440. :F2 "ff Fre(uency 440 7HE. :F2 "ff a fan mar7er callsign L? 59*M@T 59*M@T -2TAM ATCC FL&10 an -D: callsign LF ATCC /r"a casts AAD<-AH charts 59*M@T -2TAM FL$00
the minimum "/structi"n clearance the minimum enr"ute altitu e 3M@A4 is altitu e 3M2CA4 is 3#00 ft 3#00 ft 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033- &&0$3A "r A"ute Manual chart @3H94# CAA-@ iti"n4 FL$#0 FL$00 The minimum enr"ute altitu e a+aila/le "n air!ay 'A&10 fr"m -9C@ -9M &&$.4 34341B- 00,&#B@4 t" :A5T9A :TA &&1.$ 34$3$B- 008$8B@4 is0 033 33F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033- &&0$4A "r A"ute Manual chart @3H944 CAA-@ iti"n4 FL$80 FL$4# The minimum enr"ute altitu e that can /e maintaine c"ntinu"usly "n air!ay 'A34 fr"m )ALLA5@I )AL &&4.& 3#3$3B- 00308B)4 t" M9DH'A5T M9D &&4.0 3#&03B- 0003,B)4 is0 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033- &&0$#A "r A"ute Manual chart @3L24&4 The minimum FL&&0 FL80 enr"ute altitu e that can /e maintaine c"ntinu"usly "n air!ay *& fr"m 5TA'M:L@ 5T' &&3.& 3#$00B- 00#0$B)4 t" :A@C2- :C- &&,.4# 3#&43B- 003&1B)4 is0 033 An air!ay is mar7e FL 80 � a. This in icates that0 the minimum enr"ute altitu e the air!ay /ase is � ft M5L. 3M@A4 is FL 80. 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033- &&0$,A "r A"ute Manual chart @3L24$4 The minimum FL&40 FL10 enr"ute altitu e 3M@A4 that can /e maintaine c"ntinu"usly "n air!ay *4 fr"m K@A5@I K5I &&$.$ 348&3B- 00$03B)4 t" L9MAD 3483#B- 004$0B)4 is0 033 An air!ay is mar7e #000 $800a. The n"tati"n #000 is the0 minimum enr"ute altitu e 3M@A4 ma>imum auth"rise altitu e 3MAA4 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033- &&0$8A "r A"ute Manual chart @3L24#4 The minimum FL&00 enr"ute altitu e that can /e maintaine c"ntinu"usly "n air!ay *$4 fr"m %2LKA 3#1 00B- 0&148B@ 4 t" A2--@ A2@ &&$.0 3##04B- 0&441B@4 is0 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033- &&030A "r A"ute Manual chart @3H944 CAA-@ iti"n4 FL$#0 An appr"priate flight le+el f"r flight "n air!ay 'A& fr"m 2ATAC 3#000B- 00$00B)4 t" M9DH'A5T M9D &&4.0 3#&03B- 0003,B)4 is0 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033- &&03&A "r A"ute Manual chart @3H944 CAA-@ iti"n4 FL300 An appr"priate flight le+el f"r flight in AH5M airspace "n air!ay '*& fr"m @ALA-*@- @AL &&4.8 34838B- 0&&08B@4 t" FAA-%F'AT FFM &&4.$ 3#003BFL10
the air!ay is a l"! le+el lin7 r"ute $&00 ft - 3#00 ft M5L FL$10
FL$#0
FL330
4&00ft M5L
$800 ft M5L
the air!ays e>ten s fr"m � ft M5L t" FL 80. $800 ft M5L
� ft M5L is the minimum ra i" recepti"n altitu e 3MAA4. &000 ft M5L
FL$10
FL$40
FL$30
FL$80
FL3&0
FL330
FL$80
FL$80
FL300
FL3$0
FL3&0
FL$80
FL300
FL$,0
FL,0
FL80
FL10
FL#0
FL80
FL40
FL#0
FL,0
FL10
FL,0
FL#0
FL40
FL&00 FL3&0 :LM A&&& t" *2L%@ int then TAA A-$4, in/"un t" @%A2int %@M?T@- F9H@ 59@AAA ,000 ft an $$07t
FL8# FL$80
FL&0# FL300
)9L A0&8 "ut/"un t" @%A2- int H2C A01, +ia *2L%@ t" @%A2int %@M?T@- THA@@ F'@:@C ,000ft an $#07t %@M?T@- THA@@ -2H@M:@A 8000ft an $#07t
81 -M
83 -M
88 -M
,3 -M
HT:
CK-
C@-TA
M2T9L
AL:9O ,5 1, -M
AL:9O ,A 3# -M
AL:9O 1@ #$ -M Ma>imum 9A5 $#07t turning left at 5?L 3.& DM@ D%: &T. 9AF A2%9L
C"ntact 5CH9?2L D@?AAT'A@ Cr"ss A-D9% /el"! FL10 &&8.0# passing $000 ft an rep"rt altitu e AAL@- &T. 9AF A2%9L AAL@- &T. 9AF M:*
D > H O 6 PPPPP 2 L H
D > 2 O 6 PPPPP 2 L H
5tatement $ "nly
:"th statements
-either statement
$80 ft
$00 ft
400 ft
480 ft
4000 ft
3#00 ft
$01, ft
, ft
&00 ft
88 ft
300 ft
&88 ft
480 ft
40# ft
$,# ft
$00 ft
400 M5)
338 M-)
&08.1 DM5
&&$.3 M'-
5tatement $ "nly
:"th statements
-either statement
$1 8#0 7g
$$ 810 7g
$4 800 7g
30 &&, 7g
3$ 1#, 7g
30 &&, 7g
$, #,, 7g
30 3,& 7g
# t" , "7tas C' an C: /ase /el"! # t" , "7tas C' an C: /ase FL&00. FL&00. t"ps FL&80 t"ps FL&80 M" erate Light -il 300<&40 a ma>imum "f &&0 7t at FL380 0$0<,0 $80<&## 40 7t hea !in c"mp"nent -$ 330<,# # t" , at #00 � &000 temperature< e!p"int -4, FL$#0 Light 300<&00
3 t" , "7tas C' an C: /ase /el"! -il FL&00. t"ps FL&80 5e+ere -il M" erate 300<&10 5e+ere $80<&&0 &&0 7t at FL380 ma>imum +el"city n"t sh"!n "n chart 0$0<80 $80<&8# $# 7t tail!in c"mp"nent L&3 300<,# # t" , at $000 &0.000 -il f"recast peri" "f +ali ity -#0 -"ne
&30 7t at FL380 ma>imum +el"city n"t a ma>imum "f &10 7t at FL 380 sh"!n "n chart 3#0<,0 $00<,0 3$0<&## ## 7t hea !in c"mp"nent L$ 330<8# 3 t" 4 at #00 $$00 0800 run!ay in use -41 FL $&0 &&0<&## 3# 7t tail!in c"mp"nent L8 �<,# # t" , at &$00 #000 0100 ay<m"nth -48 FL$80
#& 810 7g
#$ 010 7g
41 340 7g
4& 8#0 7g
&4 000 7g
30 000 7g
4$ 000 7g
&$ 000 7g
3 000 7g
$ 000 7g
4 000 7g
$0 000 7g
&$ 000 7g
&# 000 7g
4 h $1 min
# h 0$ min
4 h &0 min
$& #00 7g
$& ,00 7g
&8 800 7g
$, 000 7g
$8 300 7g
$8 $00 7g
$8 &00 7g
$8 4007g
$, 400 7g
1&$ -M
84& -M
$03& -M
&8 110 7g
$& ,10 7g
$0 $10 7g
$88 minutes
$88 minutes
3#8 minutes
0.84
0.80
3,400 ft
3,800 ft
34100 ft
38100 ft
4 800 -M
4 840 -M
4 #80 -M
4 8$0 -M
$8 440 7g
$, ,,0 7g
$0 800 7g
$$ &10 7g
0.$, Q<l
0.$1 Q<l
0.$8 Q<l
0.33 Q<l
0.30 Q<l
0.$4 Q<l
0.$8 Q<l
0.$8 Q<l
34 430 7g
3$ 480 7g
$8 ,$0 7g
30 440 7g
&# 000 7g
8 000 7g
8 000 7g
&8 000 7g
3$ 000 7g
$$ 000 7g
&# 000 7g
8 000 7g
383 minutes
384 minutes
388 minutes
&8$ minutes
&88 minutes
$03 minutes
&18 $00 7g
&,0 $00 7g
&,4 800 7g
&,0 400 7g
&,& 300 7g
&,1 &00 7g
4 000 7g
1 000 7g
&0 000 7g
# 000 7g
8 000 7g
&0 000 7g
planne ta7e-"ff time. ta>i-"ut pri"r t" ta7e-"ff until ta>iing c"mpleti"n after lan ing. 483 -M
the time "f flight plan filing. ta>iing until the 9AF 39nitial Appr"ach Fi>4 "f the estinati"n aer" r"me. #&8 -M
4,& -M
3& 340 7g
30 $00 7g
38 ,#0 7g
$3 000 7g
$$ #00 7g
$3 300 7g
has a certifie lan ing mass greater than has a certifie ta7e-"ff mass greater re(uires a run!ay length "f at least "r e(ual t" &31 000 7g than "r e(ual t" &40 000 7g $ 000m at ma>imum certifie ta7e"ff mass AAAA OOOO <<<< $$4.# -M .1 -M $$$.& -M
the estimate time fr"m ta7e-"ff t" the estimate time fr"m ta7e-"ff t" "+erhea the estinati"n airp"rt. plus &# lan ing at the alternate airp"rt minutes $&3 7g<h &88 7g<h HFA f"ll"!e /y 9FA O 6 D > *5" < 3*5" L *5r4 9FA O 6 3D<$4 > *5" < 3*5" L *5r4
the estimate time fr"m engine start t" lan ing at the estinati"n airp"rt $1, 7g<h HFA O 6 3D<$4 L *5r < 3*5" L *5r4
that efine f"r HFA flights "+er lan increase /y &0 G $-3
&. 3
$. 4
&. $. 3
the time at !hich the flight plan is file . the time "f ta7e-"ff. in icate air spee the re(uire fuel f"r the flight $01 l<h A2M@2<%0&$0FL08# $ ,00 7g gr"un spee the re(uire fuel f"r the flight plus the alternate an 4# minutes $$0 l<h A2M@2<FL08#-0&$0 # ,00 7g
the time "+erhea the first rep"rting p"int after ta7e-"ff. cali/rate air spee the t"tal usa/le fuel "n /"ar minus reser+e fuel &,1 l<h A2M@2<F08#-0&$0 &0 000 7g
0#8
040
044
&40 -M
&&0 -M
&30 -M
80
,#
,0
&$0
&30
�
&. $. 4
&. $. 3
$. 3. 4
FL &00
FL 0#0
the altitu e "f the highest "/stacle is the fl""r "f the air!ay is at 8 000 ft 8 000 ft 38 -M 4# -M
&000 7g
,00 7g
#00 7g
&0 min 40 sec ma>imum certifie lan ing mass &,4# 'TC start-up &# -M
&1 min actual ta7e-"ff mass &,## 'TC pass the eparture /eac"n &0 -M
80
8#
80
HHF ATF. ADF. H2A an transp"n er HHF ATF. H2A. 9L5 an transp"n er
hea+y CHC
me ium CMC
me ium CMC CMMMMC f"ll"!e /y an entry in 9tem &8 the num/er "f aircraft flying in a gr"up
hea+y CHC
light CLC
unclassifie C'C C-2-@C the 9CA2 type esignat"r num/er as set "ut in 9CA2 D"c 8143 0&&# Central @ur"pean Time O
033 )hen c"mpleting an ATC flight plan. an elapse time 39tem &14 "f & h"ur ## minutes 0&## sh"ul /e entere as0 033 )hen c"mpleting an ATC flight plan f"r a @ur"pean estinati"n. cl"c7 times are t" /e 'TC L"cal mean time e>presse in0 033 9n the AT5 flight plan. f"r a n"n-sche ule flight !hich "f the f"ll"!ing letters sh"ul /e -<5 entere in 9tem 8 3Type "f Flight40 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-&$$8#A4 9n the ATC flight plan item ,. f"r a ra i" /e the ATF callsign t" /e use inclu e the aircraft registrati"n mar7ing e(uippe aircraft. the i entifier must al!ays0 033 9n the ATC flight plan item &#. it is necessary t" enter any p"int at !hich a change "f #G TA5 "r 0.0& Mach "r m"re &0 G TA5 "r 0.0# Mach "r m"re cruising spee ta7es place. F"r this purp"se a Cchange "f spee C is efine as0 033 9n the ATC flight plan item &#. !hen entering a r"ute f"r !hich stan ar eparture 359D4 /"th sh"ul /e entere in the ATC 59Ds sh"ul /e entere /ut n"t 5TAAs an stan ar arri+al 35TAA4 pr"ce ures e>ist0 plan !here appr"priate 033 )hen an ATC flight plan has /een su/mitte f"r a c"ntr"lle flight. the flight plan 30 minutes "r m"re 4# minutes "r m"re sh"ul /e amen e "r cancelle in the e+ent "f the "ff-/l"c7 time /eing elaye /y0 033 3F"r this (uesti"n use anne> 033-&$$88A4 9n the ATC flight plan 9tem &8. emergency cr"ssing "ut the /"> rele+ant t" any circling the rele+ant /"> an sur+i+al e(uipment carrie "n the flight sh"ul /e in icate /y0 e(uipment n"t carrie 033 )hen c"mpleting an ATC flight plan f"r a flight c"mmencing un er 9FA /ut p"ssi/ly I -<5 changing t" HFA. the letters entere in 9tem 8 3FL9*HT A'L@54 !"ul /e0 033 9n the ATC flight plan 9tem &8. if the num/er "f passengers t" /e carrie is n"t 7n"!n CT:-C 3t" /e n"tifie 4 may /e the plan sh"ul /e file !ith the !hen the plan is rea y f"r filing0 entere in the rele+ant /"> rele+ant /"> /lan7 033 9n an ATC flight plan 9tem &#. in "r er t" efine a p"siti"n as a /earing an istance fr"m a H2A. the gr"up "f figures sh"ul c"nsist "f0 033 An aircraft plans t" epart L"n "n at &000 'TC an arri+e at Munich 3@DDM4 at &$&# 'TC. 9n the ATC flight plan 9tem &1 3 estinati"n<@@T4 sh"ul /e entere !ith0 033 9n an ATC flight plan 9tem &# 3r"ute4. in terms "f latitu e an l"ngitu e. a significant p"int at 4&3#B n"rth 4&#B east sh"ul /e entere as0 033 9n an ATC flight plan. 9tem &# 3r"ute4. a cruising pressure altitu e "f 3$000 feet !"ul /e entere as0 033 )hen an ATC flight plan is su/mitte f"r a flight "utsi e esignate AT5 r"utes. p"ints inclu e in 9tem &# 3r"ute4 sh"ul n"t n"rmally /e at inter+als "f m"re than0 033 9n the ATC flight plan 9tem &#. a cruising spee "f 4,0 7n"ts !ill /e entere as0 H2A i ent. magnetic /earing an istance in nautical miles @DDM0$&# 4&3#-004&#@ F3$0 30 minutes flying time "r 3,0 7m -04,0 H2A i ent. true /earing an 7il"metres @DDM&4&# 4&3#B - 04 &#B@ FL3$0 $0 minutes flying time "r � 7m %-4,0 estimate time "+er the first p"int en r"ute 9A5
COOOOC f"ll"!e /y an entry in 9tem the m"st escripti+e a//re+iati"n &8 the registrati"n num/er "f the aircraft the num/er "f aircraft !hich !ill separately /e using a repetiti+e flight plan 3A?L4 &H## &&#M l"cal stan ar time *
inclu e the "perating agency inclu e an in icati"n "f the aircraft esignat"r type $0 7m per h"ur "r 0.& Mach "r m"re $0 7n"ts "r 0.0# Mach "r m"re 5TAA5 sh"ul /e entere /ut n"t 59Ds 10 minutes "r m"re placing a tic7 in the rele+ant /"> * neither 59D n"r 5TAA sh"ul /e entere 80 minutes "r m"re listing the items carrie "n the CA@MAA%5C line O the plan may n"t /e file until the inf"rmati"n is a+aila/le full name "f H2A. true /earing an istance in 7il"metres @DDM$H&# -4&3# @004&# 3$000 & h"ur flying time "r #00 7m -4,0 all"cate sl"t time *r"un spee
an estimate may /e entere /ut that num/er may n"t su/se(uently /e e>cee e istance in H2A i ent. magnetic /earing an istance in 7il"metres @DDM AT 0$&# -04&3#@04&# 53$00 &# minutes flying time "r &00 7m 04,0% estimate ta7e-"ff time CA5
033 9n the ATC flight plan 9tem &3. in a flight plan su/mitte /ef"re eparture. the eparture estimate "ff-/l"c7 time time entere is the0 033 9n the ATC flight plan 9tem &# 3Cruising spee 4. !hen n"t e>presse as a Mach num/er. TA5 cruising spee is e>presse as0
3,00 7g
3400 7g
3&00 7g
4000 7g
&$#0 7g
&400 7g
&4#0 7g
&3#0 7g
&,00 7g
&1#0 7g
&,#0 7g
&800 7g
1080 7g 1� 7g
1&$# 7g #8#0 7g
48,# 7g ,300 7g
484# 7g ,0#0 7g
41$0 7g
4$00 7g
33#0 7g
3180 7g
&8&0 7g
&840 7g
$800 7g
$1,0 7g
&080 7g
&0&0 7g
&3&0 7g
$&80 7g
&13# 7g
&080 7g
&180 7g
&&$# 7g
$#00 7g
$,#0 7g
30#0 7g
$800 7g
$800 7g
$##0 7g
$800 7g
$1#0 7g
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