1. What is the difference between Windows XP & Windows 7?

Windows Defender, Parental Control, Windows Touch and Tap instead of point and Click, Multiple Active Firewall. 2. One Fine Morning System is not booting !. "#!$ain what wo $d be the !rob$em. 2x2 or 2x Power Connector !ot Plu""ed #n Processor #ssues Me$or% #ssues Monitor #ssues Power &uppl% and Chassis #ssues Ca'le #ssues (lectrical &hort or )verload Defective Co$ponents %. System &o 'is!$ay. What the ste!s are to 'iagnoses the !rob$em? Check the $onitor is switched on and the power indicator *(D of the $onitor is "lowin". Check the $onitor power connection. Ad+ust the contrast,'ri"htness kno' of the $onitor to $axi$u$. Check whether the $onitor is connected properl% to the video adapter of the s%ste$. #f %our s%ste$ has add-on video adapter, switch off the s%ste$ and re$ove the power. Check whether the CP., $e$or% are connected properl% to the $other'oard. (. System is !ower on) b t bee! so nd occ rs. What wo $d be the !rob$em? )ne lon" 'eep/ Me$or% pro'le$ )ne lon" and two short 'eeps/ 0ideo error )ne lon" and three short 'eeps/ 0ideo error Continuous 'eeps/ 0ideo,$e$or% pro'le$ )ther 'eeps/ Check the $other'oard $anual *. 'ifferent and &+FS and F,+%2. &+FS Allows access local to w2k w2k1 2P win !T with &P 3 later $a% "et access for so$e file. Maxi$u$ si4e of partition is 2 Tera'%tes 3 $ore. Maxi$u$ File si4e is up to 56T7. File 3 folder (ncr%ption is possi'le onl% in !TF&. F,+ %2 Fat 12 Allows access to win 89 8: win $illenniu$ win2k xp on local partition. Maxi$u$ si4e of partition is up to 2 T7. Maxi$u$ File si4e is up to ;7. File 3 folder (ncr%ption is not possi'le. -. .ow wi$$ yo con/ert F,+%2 to &+FS? To convert a volu$e to !TF& fro$ the co$$and pro$pt

)pen Co$$and Pro$pt. #n the co$$and pro$pt window, t%pe convert drive<letter/ ,fs/ntfs For exa$ple, t%pin" convert D/ ,fs/ntfs would for$at drive D/ with the ntfs for$at. 7. What are !rimary Partition) "#tended Partition and 0ogica$ Partition? A pri$ar% partition contains one file s%ste$. The first partition =C/> $ust 'e a pri$ar% partition.. An extended partition is a pri$ar% partition which contains secondary partition(s). A hard disk $a% contain onl% one extended partition.. (xtended partition that is su' divided into $an% drives is called as *o"ical partition.. 1. 2n a com! ter how many !rimary !artition can be he$d. Four Pri$ar% partitions can 'e done... 3. 'ifference between Microsoft o t$oo4 and O t$oo4 "#!ress. Microsoft O t$oo45 Files will 'e saved in .P&T For$at. ?ave so$e Additional Features like Address 7ook, Contacts, and @e$ainderetc... !ot a free product have to purchase it.. O t$oo4 "#!ress5 Files will 'e saved in .D72 For$at. DonAt have an% additional features. Free product that co$es alon" with the )& #nstallation. 16. What is 7ir s? 0ital #nfor$ation @esource under &ei"e.#t is an executa'le Pro"ra$ which Perfor$s Malicious activities in the s%ste$. 11. What is ,nti/ir s? An Antivirus #s a &oftware that protects the s%ste$ fro$ 0irus Attack.. 12. What is the difference between 'e$ete and 8 arantine in ,ction methodo$ogy for 7ir s Scanning? Delete will delete all the virus infected files and Buarantine create a cop% fro$ an infected file and produce a new one.. 1%. What are the !roced res for c$eaning an infected /ir s system? .nplu" the s%ste$ fro$ the !etwork if it is in a !etwork 3 &can the &%ste$ with the .pdated Antivirus.. 1(. What is SM+P Protoco$? What is the !ort & mber sed by SM+P? &i$ple Mail Transfer Protocol which perfor$s all out"oin" Mail. The port nu$'er is 29. 1*. What is POP% Protoco$? What is the !ort & mber sed by POP%?

Post )ffice Protocol which perfor$s all inco$in" $ails. The Port nu$'er is 55C. 1-. +e$$ me the !roced re for 9ac4 ! and :estore Mai$ in O t$oo4 "#!ress. ;o to C/DDocu$ents 3 &ettin"D.ser ProfileDApplication DataD*ocal &ettin"sD#dentitiesD)utlook (xpress 3 Cop% the .D72 files and &ave it in another location as a 7ackup. Cop% the files fro$ the location that was saved as a 7ackup 3 ;o to the sa$e path 3 Paste it. 17. +e$$ me the Proced re for 9ac4 ! and :estore Mai$ in Microsoft "#!ress. ;o to C/DDocu$ents 3 &ettin"D.ser ProfileDApplication DataD*ocal &ettin"sDMicrosoft D)utlook (xpress 3 Cop% the .P&T files and &ave it in another location as a 7ackup.. Cop% the files fro$ the location that was saved as a 7ackup 3 ;o to the sa$e path 3 Paste it. 11. .ow wi$$ yo re!air a PS+ Fi$es? .sin" scanpst.exe files 13. .ow to set Password for PS+ Fi$es? &elect ;o E Folder *ist fro$ the $enu. Click on the root ite$ of the desired P&T file with the ri"ht $ouse 'utton. #f %ou want to protect onl% certain e$ail folders with a password, %ou can $ove the$ to a newl% created P&T file and assi"n a password onl% for that file. &elect Properties for... fro$ the $enu. Click Advanced.... !ow click Chan"e Password.... (nter the desired password under 'oth !ew password/ and 0erif% password/. #f a password had alread% 'een set for the P&T file, enter that phrase under )ld password/. #f %ou assi"n a password to a previousl% unprotected P&T file, leave the )ld password/ field 'lank. To re$ove the password fro$ a P&T file, enter it under )ld password/ and leave 'oth !ew password/ and 0erif% password/ 'lank. Click )F. Click )F a"ain. !ow click Cancel. 26. .ow to set store a mai$ co!y in Ser/er for %6 days whi$e config ring mai$ in Microsoft o t$oo4? ;o to )utlook 2CCGHs Tools, Account &ettin"s, and With the Account &ettin"s dialo" open, select the account and click Chan"e, then click More &ettin"s. *ook on the Advanced ta'.. 21. .ow to set : $es in Microsoft o t$oo4 in order to organi;e mai$bo#? O!en Microsoft O t$oo4. Click Tools. Click @ules Wi4ard. Click the !ew 'utton and run throu"h the wi4ard.. 22. "#!$ain abo t < n4 Mai$ o!tion in o t$oo4. 0ow. This level is desi"ned to catch onl% the $ost o'vious +unk e-$ail $essa"es. Iou can $ake the filter $ore a""ressive, 'ut if %ou do it $a% catch le"iti$ate $essa"es so$eti$es. An% $essa"e that is cau"ht '% the Junk (-$ail Filter is $oved to a special < n4 "=mai$ folder. Iou should review $essa"es in the Junk (-$ail folder fro$ ti$e to ti$e to $ake sure that the% are not le"iti$ate $essa"es that %ou want to see. 2%. "#!$ain abo t :egistry?

This is a data'ase used '% Microsoft Windows to store confi"uration infor$ation a'out the software installed on a co$puter. This infor$ation includes thin"s like the desktop 'ack"round, pro"ra$ settin"s, and file extension associations. 2(. .ow to bac4 ! and :estore :egistry? #$port and (xport fro$ re"edit. 2*. When system booting >&+0': fi$e Missing? "rror. What wo $d be the so$ tion? 7oot the &%ste$ fro$ the )& cd and &elect @epair )ption 2-. When XP is booting ! system gets restart a tomatica$$y. What wo $d be the so$ tion? Ma% 'e @AM pro'le$ so replace it... 0irus would have affected.. 27. "#!$ain abo t Windows Firewa$$? Firewall @estricts the &%ste$ fro$ .nwanted Traffic. 21. 'ifference between ,dministrators and Power @sers? Me$'ers of the Ad$inistrator "roup have total control over the co$puter and ever%thin" on it. The user na$ed Administrator is the default account within this "roup The Power .ser class can perfor$ an% task except for those reserved for Ad$inistrators. The% are allowed to carr% out functions that will not directl% affect the operatin" s%ste$ or risk securit% 23. What is Ser/ice Pac4? 2s it needed to be insta$$ed in a$$ the system? A ser/ice !ac4 =in short SP> is a collection of updates, fixes and,or enhance$ents to a software pro"ra$ delivered in the for$ of a sin"le installa'le packa"e. Ies it should 'e installed in all the s%ste$s. %6. What is 'e/ice 'ri/ers? Why it is needed? A device driver is a pro"ra$ that controls a particular t%pe of device that is attached to %our co$puter. There are device drivers for printers, displa%s, CD-@)M readers, diskette drives, and so on %1. "#!$ain abo t 0oca$ Printer and &etwor4 Printer? A network printer is shared '% $ore than one co$puter usin" the #P Address that is assi"ned to the printer. A local printer is directl% connected to one co$puter 3 shared usin" sharin" 3 securit% %2. "#!$ain detai$ how to insta$$ a &etwor4 Printer? To install the printer usin" an #P address, "o to &tartKControl PanelKPrinters and Faxes and then click the Add Printer icon. !ext, click Areate a new !ort, then select Standard +APB2P Port fro$ the drop-down $enu. Iou will then 'e asked to enter an #P address. (nter the 2P address of the print server and click &e#t. Iou will 'e asked to select the printer $anufacturer and the $odel fro$ the list. #f %ou do not see %our printer listed, insert the disk that ca$e with the printer and click ?ave Disk. #f %ou do not know the #P address of the printer, %ou can so$eti$e select 7rowse for printer in the 'e"innin" of the process. #f the networked printer is attached to another co$puter is 'ein" shared, %ou will need to enter the na$e of the co$puter followed '% the share na$e of the printer. For exa$ple/ DDco$puterna$eDprinterna$e.

%%. .ow does /ir s get $oaded into com! ter? Throu"h (xe Files, Pen drive, CD, (-$ail, #nternet (tc... %(. What is 9oot Process in a com! ter? First is the P)&T, this stands for Power )n &elf-Test, for the co$puter. This process tests $e$or% as well as a nu$'er of other su's%ste$s. Iou can usuall% $onitor this as it runs each test. After that is co$plete the s%ste$ will run P)&T for an% device that has 7#)& =7asic #nput-)utput &%ste$>. %*. What is the difference between :,M & :OM? @AM L @ando$ Access Me$or% which is called as Te$porar% Me$or%.. @)M- @ead )nl% Me$or% which stores the data Per$anentl%. %-. What is Aache Memory? Cache $e$or% is fast $e$or% that is used to hold the $ost recentl% accessed data in slower $ain $e$or%. The idea is that freMuentl% accessed data will sta% in cache, which allows the CP. to access it $ore Muickl%, which $eans it doesnHt have to wait for the data to arrive. %7. What is the difference between Primary Storage and Secondary Storage? .suall% the pri$ar% stora"e is a hard drive=s>. &econdar% is a flash drive=s>, cd and so on. 7ut nowada%s, itHs $ostl% a "a$e of words. The pri$ar% $e$or% of CP. is the place where co$puter pro"ra$ and data is stored durin" processin". this stora"e unite is often called either $ain $e$or% or pri$ar% $e$or%.. There is usuall% two t%pes pri$ar% $e$or% 5. @AM 2/.@)M The devices of co$puter that store infor$ation such as software and data per$anentl% are called secondar% stora"e device. There are $an% t%pes of secondar% stora"e devices such as ,$a"neticdisk, ?ard disk flopp% disk , CD @o$ , $a"netic tape etc... %1. .ow to increase or set /irt a$ memory in Window XP? Click &tart, and then click Control Panel. ClickPerfor$ance and Maintenance, and then click &%ste$. )n the Advanced ta', under Perfor$ance, click &ettin"s. )n the Advanced ta', under 0irtual $e$or%, click Chan"e. .nderDrive N0olu$e *a'elO, click the drive that contains the pa"in" file that %ou want to chan"e. .nderPa"in" file si4e for selected drive, click to Custo$ si4e check 'ox. Iou can enter the a$ount of $e$or% %ou would like to reserve for 0irtual $e$or% '% enterin" the initial and $axi$u$ si4e. Click&et %3. What are the ad/antages of ha/ing S,+, .'' o/er P,+, .''? &ATA ?DD uses different channel for inco$in" and out"oin" traffic. Wherelse PATA ?DD uses sa$e Channel for inco$in" and out"oin" traffic. (6. What are 9idirectiona$ and @nidirectiona$ 9 s? The address 'us =so$eti$es called the $e$or% 'us> transports $e$or% addresses which the processor wants to access in order to read or write data. #t is a unidirectional 'us.

The data 'us transfers instructions co$in" fro$ or "oin" to the processor. #t is a 'idirectional 'us. (1. .ow does the browser 4now to go to a certain 2P address when yo enter a domain $i4e goog$e.com? Whenever an address is t%ped on the 'rowser it i$$ediatel% connects with the D!&.This D!& Finds the #P address related to the Do$ain 3 connects with the &erver 3 the reMuested we' pa"e will 'e displa%ed. (2. WhatCs the difference between 01 and 02 cache? &hort for *evel 5 cache, a $e$or% cache 'uilt into the $icroprocessor. &hort for *evel 2 cache, cache $e$or% that is external to the $icroprocessor. #n "eneral, *2 cache $e$or%, also called the secondar% cache, resides on a separate chip fro$ the $icroprocessor chip. (%. What is 92OS? .ow to c$ear !assword for 92OS? 7#)& or 7asic #nput,output &%ste$ is the first pro"ra$ accessed '% the processor durin" start up to ensure that all the other 'asic pro"ra$s, hard drives, ports, peripherals and the central processin" unit are in "ood workin" condition. #n order to clear the password for 7#)& Just @e$ove the CM)& 7atter% 3 #nsert it a"ain after &o$eti$e or Chan"e the Ju$per &ettin"s. ((. What difference between origina$ motherboard & chi!set motherboard? A chipset is a "roup of $icrochips desi"ned to work as a unit in perfor$in" one or $ore related functions. The% are chip or chips on a $other'oard containin" various functions supportin" the CP.. Mother'oard is the PheartP of %our PC -- it handles s%ste$ resources =#@B lines, DMA channels, #,) locations>, as well as core co$ponents like the CP., and all s%ste$ $e$or%. #t accepts expansion devices such as sound and network cards, and $ode$s. The $ain printed circuit 'oard in a co$puter that carries the s%ste$ 'uses. #t is eMuipped with sockets to which all processors, $e$or% $odules, plu"-in cards, dau"hter'oard, or peripheral devices are connected. (*. What is the SMPS? "#!$ain abo t its o t! t /o$tage? &witch Mode Power &uppl% is an electronic power suppl% .nit that incorporates a switchin" re"ulator in order to provide the reMuired output volta"e (-. What is Power Dood Signa$? "#!$ain its f nctiona$ity. #n addition to the volta"es and currents that a co$puter needs to operate, power supplies also provide a si"nal called the Power=Dood signa$, so$eti$es written as Power_OK or Power Good or %ou can distin"uish it '% its "ra% color. #ts purpose is to tell the co$puter all is well with the power suppl% and that the co$puter can continue to operate nor$all%. #f the Power-;ood si"nal is not present at startup, the CP. is held in reset state. #f a Power-;ood si"nal "oes down durin" operation the CP. will shutdown. The Power-;ood si"nal prevents the co$puter fro$ atte$ptin" to operate on i$proper volta"es and da$a"in" itself. (7. What is the difference between ,DP and PA2 gra!hics cards? A;P stands for HAccelerated ;raphics PortA the speed at which the A;P 'us transfers data to and fro$ the video card was too Fast. PC# stands for HPeripheral Co$ponent #nterconnectA the speed at which the PC# 'us transfers data to and fro$ the video card was too &low.

(1. Whi$e 2nsta$$ing Windows XP Fi$e Missing "rror Occ rs. What wo $d be the Prob$em? #f %ou are atte$ptin" to 'oot fro$ a CD-@)M and are receivin" this error $essa"e it is likel% that the diskette does not have all the necessar% files and,or is corrupt. (3. What is 'efragmentation? Why itCs needed? Defra"$entation is a process that reduces the a$ount of fra"$entation in file s%ste$s. #t does this '% ph%sicall% or"ani4in" the contents of the disk to store the pieces of each file close to"ether and conti"uousl%. *6. One fine morning system is not ab$e to $ogin into domain. What co $d be the !rob$em? Ma% 'e !etwork pro'le$. Password would have expired. Ma% 'e so$e restriction polic% applied. *1. 2n a wor4gro ! en/ironment how many system can access a shared fo$der sim $taneo s$y. 5C &%ste$s *2. What is command to /iew com! ter name? #pconfi" ,all or hostna$e *%. "#!$ain Ping command in detai$. Packet #nternet ;opher is a si$ple co$$and line network tool that %ou can use to verif% %our connectivit% to a network. *(. What wo $d the !rob$em if system gets restarted freE ent$y? @AM pro'le$, 0irus Attack, Dust in processor FA!. **. What wo $d the !rob$em if the system gets hanged off? @AM pro'le$,)& Corrupt,0irus Attack,?ard Disk Pro'le$. *-. What co $d be the !rob$em if hard dis4 gets in !rob$em? Disk 'oot failure, ?ard Disk not detected, Ca'lePro'le$, 7lue&creen, !o power suppl%, 7ad &ectors. *7. What is msconfig? Why it is sed? Microsoft &%ste$ Confi"uration .tilit% is a utilit% to trou'leshoot the Windows startup process. *1. What is :emote 'es4to!? Why it is sed? @e$ote Desktop is used to take another network s%ste$ re$otel% @e$ote desktop allows %ou to control the desktop and, indeed, the entire contents of a co$puter fro$ another $achine entirel% *3. .ow to r n $egacy a!!$ication in windows #!? #n 'oth 2P , ri"ht click on the executa'le of the application %ou wish to run.

&elect PPropertiesP. &elect the PCo$pati'ilit%P ta' on the PPropertiesP dialo"ue 'ox. There will 'e a nu$'er of options. Choose PWindows 89 or 8: co$pati'ilit% $odeP -6. What is the command to sh tdown and restart the com! ter? &hutdown Ls Lt CC -1. What is system restore? Why it is sed? &%ste$ @estore helps %ou restore %our co$puterHs s%ste$ files to an earlier point in ti$e. #tHs a wa% to undo s%ste$ chan"es to %our co$puter without affectin" %our personal files, such as e$ail, docu$ents, or photos.