Applications :

Machine controls, Packaging, Palletizing, Material handling, similar Sequential task as well as Process control

Advantages of PLC :

he! are fast and designed for the rugged industrial environment" he! are attractive on Cost#Per#Point $asis" hese %evices are less Proprietar! & '"g"" (sing )pen $us *nterface"+ hese S!stems are upgraded to add more *ntelligence and Capa,ilities with dedicated P*% and 'thernet Modules"

%isadvantages of PLC :

PLC were %esigned for -ela! Logic Ladder and have %ifficult! with some Smart %evices" o ma.imize PLC performance and /le.i,ilit!, a num,er of )ptional Modules must ,e added

PLC !pes Nano (Small) Micro (Medium) Large $asic criteria for PLC !pes Memory Capacity I/O Range Packaging and Cost per Point

Central Processing Unit

It is a micro-controller based circuitry. The CPU consists of following blocks : Arithmetic Logic Unit ALU!" Program memory Process image memory Internal memory of CPU! Internal timers and counters #lags CPU $erforms the task necessary to fulfill the PLC functions. These tasks include %canning" I&' bus traffic control" Program e(ecution" Peri$heral and )(ternal de*ice communication" s$ecial functions or data handling e(ecution and self diagnostics.

Input module
These modules act as interface between real-time status of $rocess *ariable and the CPU. Analog in$ut module : Ty$ical in$ut to these modules is +-,- mA" --.- / )( : Pressure" #low" Le*el T(" 0T1 'hm!" Thermocou$le m/! 1igital in$ut module : Ty$ical in$ut to these modules is ,+ / 1C" ..2 / AC" ,3- / AC )(. : %witches" Pushbuttons" 0elays" $um$ *al*e on off status

Output module
These modules act as link between the CPU and the out$ut de*ices in the field. Analog out$ut module : Ty$ical out$ut from these modules is +-,- mA" --.- / )( : Control /al*e" %$eed" /ibration 1igital out$ut module : Ty$ical out$ut from these modules is ,+ / 1C" ..2 / AC" ,3- / AC )(. : %olenoid /al*es" lam$s" Actuators" dam$ers" Pum$ *al*e on off control

Power Supply
The $ower su$$ly gi*es the *oltage re4uired for electronics module I&' Logic signals" CPU" memory unit and $eri$heral de*ices! of the PLC from the line su$$ly. The $ower su$$ly $ro*ides isolation necessary to $rotect the solid state de*ices from most high *oltage line s$ikes. As I&' is e($anded" some PLC may re4uire additional $ower su$$lies in order to maintain $ro$er $ower le*els.

Bus System
It is $ath for the transmission of the signal . 5u system is res$onsible for the signal e(change between $rocessor and I&' modules The bus system com$rise of se*eral single line ie wires & tracks

 Sense

the Input Process the Logic i!e Output

Programmable controller

Inputs Machine or Process

Outputs

Input Module

Processor Memor Data Output Input Image Table Image Table

Output Modules

I:0/"

I:0/" I:1/#

O:0/7 O:0/7 O:1/5 Output Devices

Input Devices !adder Program I:0/" I:1/# I:1/# O:0/7 O:1/5

O:1/5

Programming Terminal

 Mid

" #$%&s ' (iscrete Machine Control Programming Terminal

$onnection is Point to Point

P!$
Programming Language : $onnection is Point to Point - 0elay ladder logic - #le(ibility in altering Control system o$eration

I/O

 )arly

" to " Mid #$*& ' (iscrete and Process Control %easonable $omputer %unning P!$ Programming &o't(are

M& ) DO&

P!$
Programming !anguage : ) !adder Program ) PID ) Data &torage

I/O

Late .67-8s to early .66-8s : 1iscrete and Process Control +indo(s P$ running P!$ Programming &o't(are
$onnection in net(or*ed allo(ing Multiple P!$

P!$

P!$
P!$ became a part o' the developing enterprise resource s stem

I/O

Today : 1istributed I&' 9odules

PLC

1istributed I&' scanner

1ata Communication 5us

1istributed I&' modules

Today : :ot 0edundant %ystem

TAPS SPLITTERS Remote I/O Network FIBER OPTIC LINK

Remote I/O

Today : )thernet Technology in PLCs

+or*station

+or*station

+or*station

+or*station

&(itched ,ub

$ontroller $ontroller $ontroller $ontroller

Today : ;ireless communication

P!$ +ireless Modem

%emote Plat'orm +ireless Modem P!$

,MI Displa

P$

Siemens

S+ "##&,- ##+,- #.+, S% " /&&- .&&- 0&& Micrologi1 #&&&- #/&&- #+&& SLC +/&#- +/&/- +/&. PLC +/#&- +//+ and +/0&

Allen $radle!

Modicon
Nano

Micro Premium 2uantum

Bu#lt #n 0#spla% &or I/O 1#n.ra$k2 AS.#3 an0 "#ag 8 Analog Inputs Analog Output

Programm#ng Term#nal PC Conne$t#on

!p/"own Fast Counter

I/O )o0ules

!p Counter !n#telwa% Port &or $onne$t#on o& up to ' Sla(es

TS+,-.// PC)CIA $ommun#$at#ons port PC)CIA memor% e*pans#on port

CP! I/O )o0ules E*ternal Power Suppl%

CP! I/O )o0ules Power Suppl%

I/O )o0ules

Ba$k plane

CP!

3he open- manu4acturer"independent programming standard 4or automation is I)C 5##.#".6 7ou can thus choose 8hat con4iguration inter4ace you 8ish to use 8hen 8riting your application '

Ladder (iagram Instruction List 9unction :lock (iagram Se;uential 9unction Chart Structured 3e1t

Cost o4 hard8are- so4t8are- Integration )ngineering- (esignInstallation- Start"up and Commissioning- <alidation documentation and )1ecution- 3raining- Spare partsMaintenance- System ser!ice contract and system li4e cycle6 Relia=ility- 9le1i=ility- Scala=ility and <alidata=ility6 )ase o4 (ata=ase con4iguration- raphics de!elopmentInterlocks and :atch processing6 Integration o4 >igh"le!el ?pplication6 Control Philosophy 4or Centrali@ed !ersus Remote Operator Console or =oth6 Compliance 8ith an Industry =atch standard such as IS? SP** and ne8 Communication Protocol6