McNally Library, Department of Learning Resources

Based on the 2 edition (2007) of Citing Medicine: The NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers . (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC&rid=citmed.TOC&depth=2)

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VANCOUVER CITATION STYLE

TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction to Vancouver style .................................................................................................................................2 Print sources Book ......................................................................................................................................................................2 Journal article ........................................................................................................................................................3 Newspaper article..................................................................................................................................................5 Electronic sources Journal article from library subscription database .................................................................................................6 Newspaper article from library subscription database ..........................................................................................7 Electronic book from library subscription database ..............................................................................................8 Website .................................................................................................................................................................9 Webpage, document or section from a website ..................................................................................................10 Entire blog ...........................................................................................................................................................11 Blog entry ............................................................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION TO VANCOUVER STYLE The Vancouver style began with a meeting of medical journal editors in Vancouver in 1978. This group eventually developed into the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). The ICMJEs webpage (http://www.icmje.org) states that the National Library of Medicines Citing Medicine (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/citingmedicine) should be consulted for creating citations. Citing Medicine presents standard and optional formats for each type of resource. This guide does not include the optional formats, only the standard format.

Important: Always check with your instructor about his or her preferences.

PRINT SOURCES 1. Book General format: Author(s). Title of book. Edition. City of publication: Publisher; Year of publication.

Examples: Two authors with edition Jacobs P, Rapoport J. The economics of health and medical care. 5th ed. Toronto: Jones and Barlett Publishers; 2004.

One editor Wood DC, editor. The economics of health and wellness: anthropological perspectives. Boston: Emerald/JAI; 2008.

Note: Include all authors/ediros. Authors name is reversed, use initials for first and middle names. Do not include comma afte r last name or periods between initials. Only capitalize the first word of the title and any proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first word of the subtitle. Include the state or country after the city of publication if the city is not well known. o Use U.S. postal abbreviations. E.g. Danbury (TX): Do not include edition if it is the first edition.

Last revised: July 12, 2010

2. Journal article General format: Author. Title of article. Abbreviated title of journal Year Month day of publication;volume number(issue number):page numbers.

Example: Two authors, day of publication is not given Gades MD, Stern JS. Chitosan supplementation and fat absorption in men and women. J Am Diet Assoc 2005 Jan 105(1):72-7. Note: Include all authors/editors. Authors name is reversed, use initials for first and middle names. Do not include comma after last name or periods between initials. Only capitalize the first word of the title and any proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first word of the subtitle. Abbreviate month by using the first three letters of the month. No period following the abbreviation. Do not repeat page numbers. o e.g. 125-9 instead of 125-129. Abbreviate journal title. o o Go to http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=journals Type in name of journal and click Go

Last revised: July 12, 2010

This results in a list of journal titles. Confirm the journal title and look for the title abbreviation as illustrated below:

Transcribe abbreviation as found. Do not include periods.

Last revised: July 12, 2010

3. Newspaper article General format: Author. Title of article. Newspaper Title (Edition). Year Month day of publication;Sect. letter:page number (column number).

Example:

One author, final edition Smith T. Packing on the pounds adds year: study of Canadian adults say underweight seniors at risk. Edmonton Journal (Final Ed.). 2009 Jun 24;Sect. A:7 (col. 1).

Note: Include all authors/editors. Authors name is reversed, use initials for first and m iddle names. Do not include comma after last name or periods between initials. Only capitalize the first word of the title and any proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first word of the subtitle. Abbreviate month by using the first three letters of the month. No period following the abbreviation.

Last revised: July 12, 2010

ELECTRONIC SOURCES 1. Journal article from library subscription database General format: Author. Title of article. Abbreviated title of journal [Internet]. Year Month day of publication [cited Year Month Day];volume number(issue number):page numbers. Available from: URL

Example: Eight authors, day of publication is not given Hajioff D, Raut VV, Walsh RM, Bath, AP, Bance ML, Guha A, Tator CH, Rutka, JA. Conservative management of vestibular schwannomas: third review of a 10-year prospective study. Clin Otolaryngol [Internet]. 2008 Jun [cited 2009 Jul 8];33(3):255-9. Available from: http://libdbauth.nait.ab.ca/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN =32498931&site=ehost-live

Note: Include all authors/editors. Authors name is reversed, use initials for first and middle names. Do not include comma after last name or periods between initials. Only capitalize the first word of the title and any proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first word of the subtitle. Abbreviate journal title. See page 3 for instructions. Abbreviate month by using the first three letters of the month. No period following the abbreviation. Do not repeat page numbers. o e.g. 125-9 instead of 125-129. If URL ends in a forward slash, include period. If not, do not include period.

Last revised: July 12, 2010

2. Newspaper article from library subscription database Use the print format and include elements that refer to the electronic version (in bold).

General format: Author. Title of article. Newspaper Title [Internet]. (Edition). Year Month day of publication [cited Year Month Day];Sect. Location. Available from: URL

Example: No author, final edition Acupunture found to ease pain after some surgery. Edmonton Journal [Internet]. (Final Ed.) 2008 Jun 5 [cited 2009 Jul 14];Sect. A:13. Available from: http://proquest.umi.com/ pdqweb?did=1491777111&sid=2&Fmt=3&clientld=58918&RQT=309&VName=PQD

Note: Include all authors/editors. Authors name is reversed, use initials for first and middle names. Do not include comma after last name or periods between initials. Only capitalize the first word of the title and any proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first word of the subtitle. Abbreviate month by using the first three letters of the month. No period following the abbreviation. If URL ends in a forward slash, include period. If not, do not include period.

Last revised: July 12, 2010

3. Electronic book from library subscription database

General format: Author(s). Title of book [Internet]. Edition. City of publication: Publisher; Year of publication [cited Year Month Day]. Available from: URL

Example: Two editors Boethling RS, Mackay D, editors. Handbook of property estimation methods for environmental chemicals: environmental and health sciences [Internet]. Boca Raton (FL): Lewis Publishers; 2000 [cited 2009 Jul 14]. Available from: http://www.environetbase.com/books/29/4108fm.pdf

Note: Include all authors/editors. Authors name is reversed, use initials for first and middle names. Do not include comma after last name or periods between initials. Only capitalize the first word of the title and any proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first word of the subtitle. Include the state or country after the city of publication if the city is not well known. o Use the U.S. postal abbreviations. e.g. Danbury (TX): Do not include edition if it is the first edition. Abbreviate month by using the first three letters of the month. No period following the abbreviation. If URL ends in a forward slash, include period. If not, do not include period.

Last revised: July 12, 2010

4. Website If you are not able to find all of the information identified in the general format, include only what is available from the source.

General format: Author(s). Title of website [Internet]. City of publication: Publisher; Publication/copyright date(s) [updated Year Month Day; cited Year Month Day]. Available from: URL

Example: No author, no updated date cma.ca [Internet]. Ottawa: Canadian Medical Association; c1995-2009 [cited 2009 Jul 15]. Available from: http://www.cma.ca/index.cfm/ci_id/16959/la_id/1.htm

Note: Include all authors/editors. Authors name is reversed, use initials for first and middle names. Do not include comma after last name or periods between initials. If not author/editor, begin with title of the website. Only capitalize the first word of the title and any proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first word of the subtitle. Include the state or country after the city of publication if the city is not well known. o Use the U.S. postal abbreviations. e.g. Danbury (TX): Abbreviate month by using the first three letters of the month. No period following the abbreviation. See the following for help in determining: o place of publication: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60085 o publisher: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60142 o publication/copyright date: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60216 If URL ends in a forward slash, include period. If not, do not include period.

Last revised: July 12, 2010

5. Webpage or document from a website If you are not able to find all of the information identified in the general format, include only what is available from the source.

General format: Title of homepage [Internet]. City of publication: Publisher; Publication/copyright date of homepage. Title of webpage or document; Year Month Day of publication of webpage or document [cited Year Month Day];[pagination of webpage or document]. Available from: URL

Example: No author, no publication date cma.ca [Internet]. Ottawa: Canadian Medical Association; c1995-2009. Statistical information on Canadian physicians; [cited 2009 Jul 15];[about 3 screens]. Available from: http://www.cma.ca/index.cfm/ci_id/16959/la_id/1.htm

Note: Only capitalize the first word of the title and any proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first word of the subtitle. Include the state or country after the city of publication if the city is not well known. o Use the U.S. postal abbreviations. e.g. Danbury (TX): Abbreviate month by using the first three letters of the month. No period following the abbreviation. See the following for help in determining: o place of publication: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60085 o publisher: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60142 o publication/copyright date: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60216 Pagination o Usually the webpage or document will be unnumbered. In this case, include about in the location/pagination statement and estimate the number of screens or pages: e.g. [about 3 screens] e.g. [about 5 p.] o For more information see http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.section.59541#59613 If URL ends in a forward slash, include period. If not, do not include period.

Last revised: July 12, 2010

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6. Entire blog NLMs Citing Medicine does not provide an example for an entire blog. The following is based on International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Sample References (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.html) If you are not able to find all of the information identified in the general format, include only what is available from the source.

General format: Author(s). Title of blog [Internet]. City of publication: Publisher. Year Month Day of publication or copyright of blog - [cited Year Month Day]. Available from: URL

Examples: One author, no city, copyright date Friese G. Every day EMS tips the ultimate online tips resource! [Internet]. [place unknown]: EverydayEMSTips.com. c2009 [cited 2009 Jul 15]. Available from: http://www.everydayemstips.com/.

No author, no city of publication, publication date included Science blog. [Internet]. [place unknown]: Science Blog. 2002 Aug [cited 2009 Jul 15]. Available from: http://www.scienceblog.com/cms/.

Note: Include all authors/editors. Authors name is reversed, use initials for first and middle names. Do not include comma after last name or periods between initials. If not author/editor, begin with title of the blog. Only capitalize the first word of the title and any proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first word of the subtitle. Include the state or country after the city of publication if the city is not well known. o Use the U.S. postal abbreviations. e.g. Danbury (TX): Abbreviate month by using the first three letters of the month. No period following the abbreviation. See the following for help in determining: o place of publication: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60085 o publisher: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60142 o publication/copyright date: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60216 If URL ends in a forward slash, include period. If not, do not include period.

Last revised: July 12, 2010

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7. Blog entry NLMs Citing Medicine does not provide an example for a blog entry. The following is based on International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Sample References (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.html) If you are not able to find all of the information identified in the general format, include only what is available from the source.

General format: Author(s). Title of blog entry. Year Month Day of blog entry [cited Year Month Day]. In: Title of blog [Internet]. City of publication: Publisher. Year Month Day of publication or copyright of blog - . [pagination of blog entry]. Available from: URL

Example: No author, no city of publication Brain response to information about the future suggests that ignorance isnt bliss. 2009 Jul 15 [cited 2009 Jul 15]. In: Science blog [Internet]. [place unknown]: Science Blog. 2002 Aug - . [about 2 screens]. Available from: http://www.scienceblog.com/cms/brain-response-information-about-futuresuggests- ignorance-isnt-bliss-23048.html

Note: Include all authors/editors. Authors name is reversed, use initials for first and middle names. Do not include comma after last name or periods between initials. If not author/editor, begin with title of the blog entry. Only capitalize the first word of the title and any proper nouns. Do not capitalize the first word of the subtitle. Include the state or country after the city of publication if the city is not well known. o Use the U.S. postal abbreviations. e.g. Danbury (TX): Abbreviate month by using the first three letters of the month. No period following the abbreviation. See the following for help in determining: o place of publication: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60085 o publisher: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60142 o publication/copyright date: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.box.60216 Pagination o Usually the webpage or document will be unnumbered. In this case, include about in the location/pagination statement and estimate the number of screens or pages: e.g. [about 3 screens] e.g. [about 5 p.] o For more information see http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=citmed.section.59541#59613 If URL ends in a forward slash, include period. If not, do not include period.

Last revised: July 12, 2010

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