Chemicals & Human Health Lung Toxicology Problem Set: Student Sheet Directions

A. Ans er the !re"#uestions. $. %o to the ebsite .biology.ari&ona.edu'chh and clic( on the lin( to the Lung

Toxicology Problem Set.

C. )rite the correct ans er in the column labeled Correct Ans er. All o* the ans ers

can be *ound in the Lung Toxicology Problem Set.

D. +x!lain the correct ans er.

Pre",uestions
-circle the ans er you thin( is correct.

Correct Ans er
- rite the letter o* the correct ans er *rom the ebsite.

+x!lain
-ex!lain the correct ans er.

)hich o* the *ollo ing is /0T *ound in the human lung1 A. bronchiole $. trachea C. bronchi D. al2eoli

Dra a !icture and label the !arts o* the lung:

)hich o* the *ollo ing is the smallest !art o* the lung here gas exchange occurs1 A. bronchiole $. trachea C. bronchi D. al2eoli

,3+ST40/ D0+S /0T +54ST A/6708+

A!!roximately ho many are there in the human body:

)hich o* the *ollo ing al2eolar cell ty!es clean !articles de!osited in the lungs1 A. macro!hages $. e!ithelium ty!e 4 C. e!ithelium ty!e 44 D. *ibroblasts +. ca!illaries 0ne o* the !rimary *unctions o* the al2eoli is to create a large sur*ace area in the lungs. )hy is a large sur*ace are so im!ortant1

Dra a !icture that includes all o* the cell ty!es and label:

+x!lain:

A. *or energy storage $. to remo2e toxins *rom the blood C. to store oxygen *or *uture use D. *or gas exchange +. *or the (rebs cycle )hen do the al2eoli de2elo! in lungs in humans1 A. during the *irst <"= years o* li*e $. in the <"9th ee( o* !regnancy C. bet een > and 9 years o* age D. during the last : ee(s o* !regnancy +. continually throughout a !erson?s li*etime

%as exchange is the !rimary *unction o* the lung. %as exchange de!ends on sur*ace area; al2eoli !ro2ides large sur*ace area.

Describe the stages o* lung de2elo!ment: @"9 ee(: trachea; bronchi *orm 9"<: ee(: bronchi branch and subdi2ide <:"=: ee(: lung cells di**erentiate =: ee( to birth:Air ays ex!and <"= year old: al2eoli *orm A$onus ,uestion: Ho do you thin( second" hand smo(e may a**ect a child1 +x!lain The lungs ould be destroyed #uic(er; because the lungs are smaller at a young age

)hich o* the *ollo ing causes the most deaths in the 3S1 A. A4DS $. motor 2ehicles C. homicide D. smo(ing +. alcohol

Ho is that attributed to the most deaths1 Stro(e; heart disease; lung cancer and other diseases'cancers.

)hich statement do you agree ith1 A. +n2ironmental tobacco smo(e -+TS.; also (no n as second"hand smo(e; has L+SS toxic com!ounds than directly inhaled tobacco smo(e. $. +n2ironmental tobacco smo(e -+TS.; also (no n as second"hand smo(e; has 708+ toxic com!ounds than directly inhaled tobacco smo(e.

+x!lain hy. +TS has more com!ounds because a*ter being smo(ed; it has been burned at a higher tem!; hich destroys the toxic com!ounds About ho many toxic com!ounds are in cigarette smo(e1 4@

)hat is P7<@1 A. the number o* !ac(s !er day that cause lung cancer in <@D o* the !o!ulation $. !articles hich are small enough to be de!osited in the lungs C. a measure o* the amount o* !ollen in a certain 2olume o* air D. a measure o* the se2erity o* an asthma attac( 0xidants are one toxic com!onent o* cigarette smo(e. )hy are they dangerous1 A. They bloc( sur*actant secretion so that al2eoli colla!se. $. They bloc( the oxygen carrying ca!acity o* hemoglobin. C. They cause cilia to #uit beating so lungs get clogged ith !articles. D. They can damage the D/A o* lung cells much li(e the sun damages s(in cells. Asthma is caused by decreased air*lo in and out o* the lungs due to:

Ho does this hurt the lungs1 4t can cause tissue damage and can damage the lung through irritation.

)hat disease can be the end result o* this damage1 Cancer

List three res!onses in the lung that cause asthma. C0PD; chronic bronchitis and em!hysema )hat is a Etrigger1F List = exam!les. A *actor that can cause an asthmatic attac(.

<. small abnormalities in

air ays =. re2ersible bronchial s!asms >. destruction o* al2eolar alls 4. allergic reaction in lung tissues