A-Z Fast Facts Picture Cards

St Aiden’s Homeschool
Footsteps on the Road to Learning
I’m Learning About Dinosaurs

A to Z – fast Facts
www.staidenshomeschool.com
Donnette E Davis
Learning About Dinosaurs K-6
Over 220 million years ago, dinosaurs ruled the earth. Like lizards and crocodiles
they had scaly skin and laid eggs. Unlike crocodiles and most lizards however, they
all lived on land. Some dinosaurs were meat eaters (carnivores), while others ate
only plants (herbivores)
The bones, teeth, footprints, and even skin impression have been preserved in rock
as fossils. We can study the dinosaur remains and can build up a picture of these
strange animals that ruled our land for more than 150 million years.
When a dinosaur skeleton is found, it is usually easy to decide which group of

dinosaurs it belongs to. The species name is most commonly used when describing a
certain type of dinosaur.
These names, like most dinosaur names are derived from Latin and Greek words that
describe the animals. They are a kind of short hand way of describing the
distinguishing features of the dinosaurs
The species name is most commonly used when describing a certain type of
dinosaur.
Dinosaurs are divided into two large groups, or orders depending on the orientation
of their 3 hip-bones:
1) Saurischia - means 'lizard hipped', with each of the three bones pointing in a
different direction
2) Ornithischia - means 'bird hipped', with the two lower bones pointing
backwards.
Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 82
Index to Dinosaurs : Fast Facts – Section 3
Acanthopholis
Albertosaurus
Allosaurus
Ankylosaurus
Apatosaurus
Brontosaurus
Camptosaurus
Ceratosaurus
Cetiosaurus
Coelophysis
Compsognathus
Corythosaurus
Diononychus
Diplodocus
Hadrosaurus
Herrerasaurus
Hylaeosarus
Ichthyosaur
Iguanodon
Lambeosaurus
Lealleynosaura
Massospondylus
Megalosaurus
Minmi
Muttaburrasaurus
Ornitholestes
Ouranosaurus
Oviraptor
Pachycephalosaurus
Parasaurolophus
Pentaceratops
Plesiosaur
Procompsognathus
Protoceratops
Psittacosaurus
Pterosaurs
Rhoetosaurus
Shantungosaurus
Silvisaurus
Spinosaurus
Staurikosaurus
Stegosaurus
Stenonychosaurus
Struthomimus
Triceratops
Tsintaosaurus
Tyrannosaurus Rex
Velociraptor

Acanthopholis
Name: Acanthopholis (a-kan-thof-o-liss)

Means: Spine Bearer
Lived: Middle to late Cretaceous
Size: 5.5m long
Hip Type: Ornithischia
Interesting fact: The armour was made up of rows of oval
plates made from bone set in the skin, and sharp spikes along
the middle of its back.

Albertosaurus
Name: Albertosaurus (al-bert-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Alberta Reptile (Alberta, Canada was were it was first
discovered)
Lived: Late Cretaceous
Size: 8m long
Hip Type: Saurischia
Interesting fact: It was smaller than Tyrannosaurus, but still a
fearsome beast

Allosaurus
Name: Allosaurus (al-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Strange Reptile
Lived: Late Jurassic
Size: 11m long
Interesting fact: Allosaurus was different to other meat eating
dinosaurs in the shape of its skull - it had a ridge that ran form
between the eyes to the tip of the snout and there were also
bumps above the eyes.

Ankylosaurus
Name: Ankylosaurus (ank-ih-low-saw-rus)

Means: Stiff Reptile
Size: 10.7m long
Interesting fact: The body and limbs were powerful and
protected by spines and bone plates, even the eyelids had bony
shields embedded in them. The tail carried a heavy mass of bone
at the end of it that it used as a club if an enemy approached.
It had a weak jaw and small teeth so it only ate small tender
plants

Apatosaurus
Name: Apatosaurus (a-pat-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Deceptive Reptile
Size: 5.5m long
Interesting fact: It has also been called Brontosaurus (thunder
reptile) but the name Apatosaurus was given first. At birth, a
baby Apaotosaurus weighed approximately 3kg (about the same
as a human baby), however when fully grown it weighed about
30 tonnes! It therefore spent a great deal of time in the water
which helped support its immense weight. They could live to be
about 200 years old

Brontosauraus
Name: Brontosaurus (bront-o-saw-rus)

Means: Thunder Lizard
Size: 20-27 m long 3.5m high
Interesting fact: there is no dinosaur that is named Brontosaurus! Dr.

Marsh put the first full dinosaur skeleton on display in a museum for
everyone to see. The bones he put on display where his Brontosaurus
bones, but he made some mistakes about the Brontosaurus. When he
put the Brontosaurus skeleton together some bones were missing, even
the skull. He used bones from other dinosaur digs that he thought
belonged to Brontosaurus. He accidentally put a head from a dinosaur
called the Camarasaurus onto the body of an Apatosaurus. He also
thought the Brontosaurus had lived mostly in the water. This was another
mistake! The rocks that scientists find Apatosaurus bones in do not
come from swampy areas.

Camptosaurus
Name: Camptosaurus (kamp-toe-saw-rus)

Means: Flexible Reptile
Lived: Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous
Size: 7m long
Interesting fact: Very similar to Iguanodon, however it had
smaller hooves on each finger of the hand, which showed that it
walked on all fours some of the time.

Ceratosaurus
Name: Ceratosaurus (ser-a-toe-saw-rus)

Means: Horned Reptile
Size: 6m long
Interesting fact: It had a horn on its nose that was probably
used by males in fighting for a mate
.

Cetiosaurus
Name: Cetiosaurus (seet-ee-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Whale reptile
Lived: Middle to late Jurassic
Size: 18m long
Interesting fact: Cetiosaurus was one of the earliest sauropods
and considered somewhat primitive as its massive backbone was
solid. Later sauropods had hollow area in their bones to cut down
on the weight

Coelophysis
Name: Coelophysis (seel-oh-fy-sis)

Means: Hollow Form
Lived: Late Triassic
Size: 3m long
Interesting fact: Coelophysis was very slim and it could have run
on two legs or four. The hands only had 3 fingers but were
strong.

Compsognathus
Name: Compsognathus (komp-sog-nath-us)

Means: Pretty jaw
Size: 60cm long
Interesting fact: The adult was one of the smallest known
dinosaurs, and it was no bigger than a hen

Corythosaurus
Name: Corythosaurus (ko-rith-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Helmeted Reptile
Size: 10m long
Interesting fact: The crest on the top of its head had l tubes
running from the nostrils on the snout up into the crest and then
back down again into the mouth. It may have used this
complicated breathing tube system to make loud bellows and
honks.

Diononychus
Name: Diononychus (dyne-on-ik-us)

Means: Terrible Claw
Lived: Early Cretaceous
Size: 4m long
Hip Type: Saurischia?
Interesting fact: Its most remarkable feature was the large
curved scythe-like claw on the second toe of the foot. When it
ran it flicked the big claw back and placed the shorter toes on
the ground

Diplodocus
Name: Diplodocus (dip-lod-oh-kus)

Means: Double Beam
Size: 27m long
Interesting fact: The term 'double beam' refers to a special
feature of diplodocus' backbone. There were small bones below
the backbone which had a piece running forward as well as the
normal piece that runs back - a 'double beam'. Diplodocus was
the one of the longest dinosaurs, it was about as long as a
tennis court. Its brain was about the size of a hen's egg

Hadrosaurus
Name: Hadrosaurus (ser-a-toe-saw-rus)

Means: Bulky Reptile
Size: 10m long
Interesting fact: It had a long low skull with a typical 'duck billed'
shape. There was a rounded hump in front of the eyes and
above the nostrils.

Herrerasaurus
Name: Herrerasaurus (huh-Rare-uh-Sore-us)

Means: Named after discoverer
Size: 2m long
Interesting fact: The first Herrerasaurus fossil was discovered in

1958 by a local man named Don Victorino Herrera. But, it wasn't
until 1988 that the first skull was discovered.

Hylaeosaurus
Name: Hylaeosarus (hy-lee-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Woodland Reptil
Size: 6m long
Interesting fact: This was one of the first dinosaurs to be
named

Iguanodon
Name: Iguanodon (ig-wa-no-don)

Means: Iguana tooth
Size: 9m long
Interesting fact: It was the second dinosaur to be named. The
hand had four long fingers and a pointed spiky thumb, which was
probably used as a weapon. There were no teeth at all at the
front of the jaw - only a bony beak. The cheek teeth were
strong and ridged. Iguanodon may have pulled plants into its
mouth with its tongue and nipped them off with its beak.

Ichthyosaur
Name: Ichthyosaur (ich-th-eye-sore)

Means: Fish Lizard
Lived: Mesozoic Era
Size: 2.4 to 23m long
Interesting fact: Ichthyosaurs evolved during the Mesozoic era,

which was around 250 million years ago, slightly before the
dinosaurs. They became extinct 90 million years ago, which was
during the Cretaceous 25 million years before dinosaurs died out.

Lambeosaurus
Name: Lambeosaurus (lam-bee-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Lambe's reptile (Lambe was a Canadian palaeontologist)
Size: 15m long
Interesting fact: Lambeosaurus had a square shaped crest which
pointed forwards, and with a long spine running backwards. The
nostrils ran up from the snout and through the whole crest, so
that the whole thing was hollow. In some species, the crest was
bigger than the skull

Lealleynosaura
Name: Lealleynosaura (lee-al-een-oh-saw-rus)

Means: ? Reptile
Size: 2m long
Interesting fact: It was only recently discovered (1989) in
Inverloch (Victoria, Australia). This was a large-eyed, fast
running, plant-eating dinosaur.

Massospondylus
Name: Massospondylus (mass-oh-spond-ih-lus)

Means: Massive Vertebra
Lived: Early Jurassic
Size: 4m long
Interesting fact: It had large strong hind legs, its arms were also
strong, and the hand could have been used for walking or for
grasping. The thumb was huge and it had a large curved claw.

Megalosaurus
Name: Megalosaurus (meg-a-low-saw-rus)

Means: Great Reptile
Size: 9m long
Interesting fact: The teeth had long strong roots that fixed them
firmly into the jaw bone. The top of the tooth was curved
backwards and flattened from side to side, and the back and
front edges had jagged ridges, like the edge of a steak knife

Minmi
Name: Minmi (min-me)

Means: Named after the place it was found (Minmi in QLD,
Australia)
Size: 2m long
Interesting fact: First Anklyosauria found anywhere within
Australia. Minmi had small, bony plates on its underside as well
as on its armoured back.

Muttaburrasaurus
Name: Muttaburrasaurus (mut-a-bur-a-saw-rus)

Means: Named after the place it was found (Muttaburra in QLD,
Australia)
Size: 7m long
Interesting fact: It is the most complete Australian dinosaur
found so far, and was only recently discovered (1981).
Muttaburrasaurus had a beak at the front of its mouth and a
strange bulging nose.

Ornitholestes
Name: Ornitholestes (or-nith-oh-less-teez)

Means: Bird robber
Size: 2m long
Interesting fact: It was clearly a fast runner (legs and arms
were slim and long), and may have fed on small animals like
lizards, frogs and early mammals

Ouranosaurus
Name: Ouranosaurus (oo-ran-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Brave Reptile
Size: 7m long
Interesting fact: It was related to Iguanodon, but had a tall sail
down its back. The sail was supported by a fence of the spines
of the backbone - one on each vertebra. The sail was made of
skin, and blood vessels must have flowed through it. It may have
used the sail to keep its body temperature constant. Another
meat-eater with a sail was Spinosaurus

Oviraptor
Name: Oviraptor (ove-ih-rap-tor)

Means: Egg Thief
Size: 1.8m long
Hip Type: Saurichia?
Interesting fact: It had a short head and a powerful toothless
beak. The jaws were curved so that it could crush very hard
objects.

Pachycephalosaurus
Name: Pachycephalosaurus
Means: Unknown
Size: 4.6m long
Interesting fact: It stood on two legs and had two short arms
with five fingers each. However, the most notable thing about its
appearance was the large dome on top of its head. This skull
was almost a foot thick. It was covered with armour and spikes.

Parasaurolophus
Name: Parasaurolophus (par-a-sawr-ol-oh-fus)

Means: Reptile with parallel-sided crest
Size: 10m long
Interesting fact: It was one of the most bizarre duck-billed
dinosaurs. It has a long tubular crest that curved back from its
snout for a distance of up to 1.8m. The crest may have been a
signal to let other Parasurolophus recognise a member of their
own species. If Parasaurolophus breathed out strongly it could
have made a honk or bellow inside the crest.

Pentaceratops
Name: Pentaceratops (pen-ta-ser-a-tops)

Means: Five-horned face
Size: 6m long
Interesting fact: Pentaceratops had more horns that the other
horned dinosaurs. It used its horns for defence against meat-
eating dinosaurs, and likely that it used its frill for display.

Procompsognathus
Name: Procompsognathus (pro-comp-sog-nath-us)

Means: Before Compsonagthus
Size: 1m long
Interesting fact: It was a very small early dinosaur. It was an
agile running, meat eater that probably fed on small lizard-like
animals and insects. The skull was only 8 centimetres long

Plesiosaur
Name: Plesiosaur (ple-see-oh-sore)

Means: Nearer to Reptiles.
Lived: Early Jurassic to the end of the Cretaceous period
Size: 2.5m to 14m long
Interesting fact: The Plesiosaur is not actually a dinosaur, but

rather a large swimming reptile. Plesiosaur is Greek for "nearer
to the reptiles". This name given to this creature because it is
something in-between reptiles and fish.

Protoceratops
Name: Protoceratops (pro-toe-ser-a-tops)

Means: First horned-face
Size: 1.8m long
Interesting fact: The young protoceratops must have been less
than 20cm long when they hatched. As they grew to their full
1.8m, their bony head-frills became broader and taller. These
anchored the large muscles that gave Protoceratops' jaws the
strength to bite tough leaves and plant-stems

Psittacosaurus
Name: Psittacosaurus (sit-ak-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Parrot Reptile
Size: 1.5m long
Interesting fact: Psittacosaurus seemed to be partly Ornithopod
and partly horned dinosaur. It had long hind legs and shorter
arms so that it probably walked up right like Iguanodon, however
its skull was a little like that of an early ceratopsian.
Psittacosaurus infants were only 25 cm long

Pterosaurs
Name: Pterosaurs (p-ter-o-sore-us)

Means: First horned-face
Lived: Mesozoic
Size: 0.75 – 11m wingspan
Interesting fact: Pterosaurs are commonly referred to as
Pterdactyls. Pterosaurs are not dinosaurs, but a close relative.
They lived alongside dinosaurs and died out at the same time.

Rhoetosaurus
Name: Rhoetosaurus (reet-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Rhoetos (A Greek mythical giant)
Lived: Middle Jurassic
Size: 12m long
Interesting fact: Not much is known about Rhoetosaurus, as the
skeleton recovered was incomplete. Discovered in Australia
(1924)

Shantungosaurus
Name: Shantungosaurus (Shahn-doong-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Named after the place it was found (Shantung in China)
Size: 12m long
Interesting fact: It is the largest of the Ornithopoda group, being
over 12m long it could have looked over the roof of a three
storey house. A grown man standing beside it just reaches the
knee

Silvisaurus
Name: Silvisaurus (sil-vih-saw-rus)

Means: Forest Reptile
Size: 4m long
Interesting fact: Its body was covered with an armour of flat
honeycomb shaped or round plates. There were some rounded
spikes sticking out sideways on the tail and on some parts of the
body

Spinosaurus
Name: Spinosaurus (spine-o-saw-rus)

Means: Spiny Reptile
Size: 12m long
Hip Type: Saurschia
Interesting fact: Spinosaurus was a strange meat-eating
dinosaur with a sail on its back. The sail was made from skin on
the back of each vertebra of the backbone. Some of these
spines were 2m high (taller than a human being). Spinosaurus
may have used its sail to control its body temperature

Staurikosaurus
Name: Staurikosaurus (stor-i-ko-saw-rus)

Means: Cross Reptile
Size: 2m long
Hip Type: Saurischia?
Interesting fact: It was one of the early two legged dinosaurs.
Its head was quite large and its teeth show that it probably ate
meat.

Stegosaurus
Name: Stegosaurus (steg-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Plated Lizard
Size: 9-12m long
Interesting fact: The Stegosaurus's front feet had five toes on
each foot and there were three on each back foot. The feet
resembled gigantic horse hoofs and the people who first
discovered them actually thought they might have come from
giant horses!

Stenonychosaurus
Name: Stenonychosaurus (sten-on-ik-oh-saw-rus)

Means: Narrow clawed reptile
Size: 2m long
Interesting fact: Thought to have been the 'brainiest' dinosaur -
as it had the largest brain relative to body size.
Stenonychosaurus is thought to have been an active intelligent
hunter with good senses and quick reflexes.

Struthomimus
Name: Struthomimus (strooth-ee-ow-saw-rus)

Means: Ostrich mimic
Size: 3.5m long
Interesting fact: Struthomimus was shaped like an ostrich, but
without feathers. It had no teeth only a horny beak, and like its
modern day cousins was an exceptionally fast runner.

Triceratops
Name: Triceratops (try-ser-a-tops)

Means: Three-horned face
Size: 9m long
Interesting fact: Triceratops had a bony frill to protect its head,
neck and shoulders. It's head was enormous, nearly a third as
long as its whole body. Its curved jaw was very strong and like a
parrots beak. Although it was a plant eater it was very fierce -
even fighting with its own kind. Triceratops is the best known
horned dinosaur. It had three horns: one on its nose and two long
ones above its eyes.

Tsintaosaurus
Name: Tsintaosaurus (ching-dah-oo-saw-rus)

Means: Named after the place it was found (Ch'ingtao in China)
Size: 10m long
Interesting fact: Tsintaosaurus was a very strange duck-billed
dinosaur. It had a tall horn on the top of its head, just between
the eyes.

Tyrannosaurus Rex
Name: Tyrannosaurus Rex

Means: Tyrant Reptile (King)
Size: 15m
Interesting fact: Tyrannosaurus was the biggest and most
powerful flesh eater that ever lived on earth. A grown man
would hardly have come up to its knees. Its jaw was about 1.5 m
long, with teeth that were 15 cm long and were serrated like
carving knives. Tyrannosaurus needed a lot of food, so probably
spent all its waking hours hunting for food.

Velociraptor
Name: Velociraptor
Means: Named after the place it was found (Shantung in China)
Size: 12m long
Interesting fact: It is the largest of the Ornithopoda group, being
over 12m long it could have looked over the roof of a three
storey house. A grown man standing beside it just reaches the
knee

Not Dinosaurs - But Just As Ancient

Reptiles of the Air
A small fluffy bird is about the last animal we would associate with the
vast, scaly, terrifying dinosaurs. Yet birds appeared on Earth about the
same time as the dinosaurs, and are quite closely related to them.
The reptiles of the air were mainly gliders, not flyers. The leathery, bat like
wings were weakly muscled and therefore lacked the powerful flying
muscles that birds of today show.
The very large ones must have had problems in flapping such huge wings,
and probably flew by using currents of warm air that rise from the surface
of the earth, this would allow them to soar.

Archeopteryx
Archeopteryx as far as we know was one of the first birds to

evolve. It had some body parts similar to the dinosaurs and
others that were distinctly birdlike. It had feathers and could fly
but was still very reptilian in many ways. Most obviously, its beak
was filled with sharp reptilian teeth and its wings bore 4 long
claws.

Pterandon
Pterandon had a wing-span of more than 5m, and half the length
of its head consisted of a long bony crest, which may have been
used as a rudder to guide and balance the animal whilst in flight.

Pterodactylus
Pterodactylus was a small, sometimes even sparrow-sized, wing

fingered pterosaur. Like other of its group it had no tail, but had
a long flexible neck.
On land with their wings folded, some pterosaurs may have

walked on their sharp toed feet whilst other may have used both
their front and rear limbs.

Quetzalcoatlus
Quetzalcoatlus was the largest known pterosaur known, and had

a wingspan of about 12m. The entire animal may have weighted
86kg, as much as a large human being!

Ramphorhynchus
Rhamphorhynchus had a slender skull with forward pointing, spiky

teeth. It's skull and hind legs show some similarities with those of
the earliest dinosaurs. It had a short neck and long tail. This tail,
strengthened by extra bony rods was used as a rudder when
flying.

Sordes
Sordes appears to have had a thick, hairy coat, which would

have kept the pterosaur warm during its flights. This is quite
unusual as reptiles are normally covered in scales, mammals with
hair, and birds with feathers!

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St Aiden’s Homeschool

Footsteps on the Road to Learning

I’m Learning About Dinosaurs

When a dinosaur skeleton is found, it is usually easy to decide which group of

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 83

Name: Acanthopholis (a-kan-thof-o-liss)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 84

Name: Albertosaurus (al-bert-oh-saw-rus)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 85

Name: Allosaurus (al-oh-saw-rus)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 86

Name: Ankylosaurus (ank-ih-low-saw-rus)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 87

Name: Apatosaurus (a-pat-oh-saw-rus)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 88

Name: Brontosaurus (bront-o-saw-rus)

Interesting fact: there is no dinosaur that is named Brontosaurus! Dr.

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 89

Name: Camptosaurus (kamp-toe-saw-rus)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 90

Name: Ceratosaurus (ser-a-toe-saw-rus)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 91

Name: Cetiosaurus (seet-ee-oh-saw-rus)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 92

Name: Coelophysis (seel-oh-fy-sis)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 93

Name: Compsognathus (komp-sog-nath-us)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 94

Name: Corythosaurus (ko-rith-oh-saw-rus)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 95

Name: Diononychus (dyne-on-ik-us)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 96

Name: Diplodocus (dip-lod-oh-kus)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 97

Name: Hadrosaurus (ser-a-toe-saw-rus)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 98

Name: Herrerasaurus (huh-Rare-uh-Sore-us)

Interesting fact: The first Herrerasaurus fossil was discovered in

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 99

Name: Hylaeosarus (hy-lee-oh-saw-rus)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 100

Name: Iguanodon (ig-wa-no-don)

Donnette E Davis 2009 www.staidenshomeschool.com 101

Name: Ichthyosaur (ich-th-eye-sore)

Interesting fact: Ichthyosaurs evolved during the Mesozoic era,

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Name: Lambeosaurus (lam-bee-oh-saw-rus)

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Name: Lealleynosaura (lee-al-een-oh-saw-rus)

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Name: Massospondylus (mass-oh-spond-ih-lus)

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Name: Megalosaurus (meg-a-low-saw-rus)

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Name: Minmi (min-me)

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Name: Muttaburrasaurus (mut-a-bur-a-saw-rus)

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Name: Ornitholestes (or-nith-oh-less-teez)

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Name: Ouranosaurus (oo-ran-oh-saw-rus)

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