4 Oracle RAC Database Deployment-En

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems
Oracle RAC Database Deployment
Agenda
Linux OS Installation Linux OS Configuration Oracle Grid Infrastructure Oracle Database Software RAC Database Creation Manage RAC database
Linux OS installation
Version RedHat Enterprise Linux 5.8 x86_64 Hardware Memory: 6G at least Hard Disk: 500G Network device: two network device each server
Skip Entering Installation Number
Customize Hard Disk partitions Root partition 200G Swap partition 32G /u01: software installation directory 200G
The default Installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server
Other required Packages can be installed after completing OS installation.
Disable firewall
Disable SELinux Since Oracle Database 11g, it can be installed when enabling SELinux
Linux OS Configuration
Set up yum Set shell resource limits Verify Kernel parameters Install required packages Install asmlib packages Customize Linux services
10
Set up YUM
Create yum configuration file
#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-dvd.repo [rhel-dvd] name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux DVD media baseurl=file:///rhel5/Server enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
Mount redhat Enterprise ISO # mount -o loop rhel-server-5.8-x86_64-dvd.iso /rhel5/ Install packages via yum # yum install <package_name>
11
Check OS resource
Physical memory #grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo #free Swap space # grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo #swapon a Storage space #df h #fdisk -l OS architecture #uname a
12
Install required packages

Install the following packages, all the 32-bit packages listed are no longer required.
binutils-2.17.50.0.6 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32 bit) elfutils-libelf-0.125 elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125 gcc-4.1.2 gcc-c++-4.1.2 glibc-2.5-24 glibc-2.5-24 (32 bit) glibc-common-2.5 glibc-devel-2.5 glibc-devel-2.5 (32 bit) glibc-headers-2.5 ksh-20060214 libaio-0.3.106 libaio-0.3.106 (32 bit) libaio-devel-0.3.106 libaio-devel-0.3.106 (32 bit) libgcc-4.1.2 libgcc-4.1.2 (32 bit) libstdc++-4.1.2 libstdc++-4.1.2 (32 bit) libstdc++-devel 4.1.2 make-3.81 sysstat-7.0.2 unixODBC-2.2.11 unixODBC-2.2.11 (32 bit) unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 (32 bit)
Check if the package is installed.

#rpm -qa --qf %{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n | grep <package_name>
13
Install required packages (cons)

If the package is not installed, then install it via yum
For example:
#yum install elfutils-libelf-devel-3.el5-0.137.x86_64 #rpm -qa --qf "%{name}-%{release}-%{version}.%{arch}\n"|grep elfutils elfutils-libelf-devel-static-3.el5-0.137.x86_64 elfutils-libelf-devel-3.el5-0.137.x86_64 # yum install gcc # rpm -qa --qf "%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n" |grep '^gcc' gcc-4.1.2-52.el5.x86_64
# yum install gcc-c++ # rpm -qa --qf "%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n" |grep '^gcc' gcc-c++-4.1.2-52.el5.x86_64 gcc-4.1.2-52.el5.x86_64
14
Verify kernel parameters

Edit/modify /etc/sysctl.conf with the following change
fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.msgmni = 2878 kernel.msgmax = 8192 kernel.msgmnb = 65536 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.shmall = 1073741824 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 kernel.sysrq = 1 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 vm.min_free_kbytes = 51200
Take it effect : #sysctl p

15
Create database user and group

Create user and group
# groupadd -g 501 dba # groupadd -g 500 oinstall # groupad -g 502 asmadmin # useradd -u 500 -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin grid # useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G dba oracle
Check user information

# id grid uid=500(grid) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba),502(asmadmin) # id oracle uid=501(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba)
Set password for the user

#passwd oracle #passwd grid
16
Creating Installation directory

# # # # # # mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid mkdir -p /u01/app/grid mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle chown -R grid:oinstall /u01 chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/ chmod -R 775 /u01
When installing grid infrastructure, the installer will modify the attributes of /u01/app/11.2.0/grid.
17
Shell resource limits

Sets shell limits if necessary to required values.
oracle oracle oracle oracle oracle oracle oracle oracle oracle oracle soft hard soft hard soft hard soft hard soft hard nofile 131072 -- the maximum number of open file descriptors nofile 131072 nproc 131072 -- the maximum number of user processes nproc 131072 core unlimited core unlimited memlock 3500000 -- the maximum size a process may lock into memory memlock 3500000 stack 32768 stack 32768
grid grid grid grid grid grid grid grid grid grid
soft hard soft hard soft hard soft hard soft hard
nofile 131072 -- the maximum number of open file descriptors nofile 131072 nproc 131072 -- the maximum number of user processes nproc 131072 core unlimited core unlimited memlock 3500000 -- the maximum size a process may lock into memory memlock 3500000 stack 32768 stack 32768
18
Configuring security login

Add the following line at the end of /etc/pam.d/login
# pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user context session required pam_selinux.so open session required pam_limits.so
19
Install ASMlib
Download ASMlib packages ASMlib packages can be downloaded from oracle official website.http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/ linux/asmlib/index-101839.html
Install asmlib package
# rpm -ivh oracleasm* warning: oracleasm-2.6.18-308.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159 Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:oracleasm-support ########################################### [ 33%] 2:oracleasm-2.6.18-308.el########################################### [ 67%] 3:oracleasmlib
20
Network Time Protocol Setting

Cluster Time Synchronization Service
Oracle clusterware requires the same time zone setting on all cluster nodes. We have two options for time synchronization: Network time protocol(NTP) Oracle Cluster Time Synchronization Service.
Stop NTP service

# /sbin/service ntpd stop # chkconfig ntpd off # mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.old
21
Install cvuqdisk
Cvuqdisk is necessary for shared disk check during installation
# CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall; export CVUQDISK_GRP # rpm -iv packag
The cvuqdisk package is located in the grid install media.
22
Customize Linux Sevices

Stop the following servies
# chkconfig --level 345 cups off # chkconfig --level 345 avahi-daemon off # chkconfig --level 345 cpuspeed off # chkconfig --level 345 hidd off # chkconfig --level 345 hplip off # chkconfig --level 345 iscsi off # chkconfig --level 345 iscsid off # chkconfig --level 345 isdn off # chkconfig --level 345 pcscd # chkconfig --level 345 pcscd off # chkconfig --level 345 rhnsd off # chkconfig --level 345 sendmail off # chkconfig --level 345 smartd off # chkconfig --level 345 kudzu off # chkconfig --level 345 iptables off # chkconfig --level 345 ip6tables off #chkconfig --level 345 bluetooth #chkconfig --level 345 yum-updatesd
23
Set Environment variables

Edit .bash_profile in the user home directory
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle ORACLE_HOME= ORACLE_SID= PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export ORACLE_BASE export ORACLE_HOME export ORACLE_SID export PATH
Based on different user, set ORACLE_* variables to different values.
24
Grid Infrastructure Installation

RAC network setting Configure ssh equivalence Configure Oracleasm Set up Grid Infrastructure
25
Network Setting
Add the following to dns configuration file
192.168.20.101 192.168.20.102 racbox1.nom.com racbox1 racbox2.nom.com racbox2
172.16.20.101 172.16.20.102
racbox1-priv.nom.com racbox2-priv.nom.com
racbox1-priv racbox2-priv
192.168.20.121 racbox1-vip.nom.com racbox1-vip 192.168.20.122 racbox2-vip.nom.com racbox2-vip 192.168.20.201 racdb-scan.nom.com racdb-scan 192.168.20.202 racdb-scan.nom.com racdb-scan 192.168.20.203 racdb-scan.nom.com racdb-scan
In the above example, the sub network 192.168.20.xxx is used for public network, and 172.16.20.xxx is used for private network.
26
Configure ssh equivalence

Generate ssh keys
[oracle@racbox1 ]$ ssh-keygen t rsa [oracle@racbox1 ]$ ssh-keygen t dsa [oracle@racbox1 ]$ ssh racbox2 [oracle@racbox2 ]$ ssh-keygen t rsa [oracle@racbox2 ]$ ssh-keygen t dsa
Copy and transfer ssh keys

[oracle@racbox2 ]$ cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_*.pub >/home/oracle/.ssh/ authorized_keys [oracle@racbox2 ]$ ssh racbox1 cat /home/oracle/.ssh/id_*.pub>>/home/oracle/.ssh/authorized_keys [oracle@racbox2 ]$ scp /home/oracle/.ssh/authorized_keys racbox1:/home/oracle/.ssh/
Verify ssh equivalence

[oracle@racbox2 ]$ ssh racbox2 [oracle@racbox2 ]$ exit [oracle@racbox2 ]$ ssh racbox1 [oracle@racbox1]$ ssh racbox1 [oracle@racbox1]$ exit [oracle@racbox1 ]$ssh racbox2 [oracle@racbox2 ]$
27
Configure Oracleasm
Create asmlib device
# service oracleasm createdisk 'RACOVD' /dev/sdb1 Marking disk "RACOVD" as an ASM disk: [ OK ] # service oracleasm createdisk 'RACDATA' /dev/sdc1 Marking disk "RACDATA" as an ASM disk: [ OK ] # service oracleasm createdisk 'RACDFRA' /dev/sdd1 Marking disk "RACDFRA" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
List asmlib devices

# service oracleasm listdisks; RACDATA RACDFRA RACOVD
Scan asmlib devices #service oracleasm scandisks
28
Configure Oracleasm(conts)
Configure oracleasm
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver. This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort. Default user to own the driver interface []: grid Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [ OK ] Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [ OK ]
Specify default user and group for asmlib devices: grid and asmadmin
29
Perform pre-installation check

$ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node -fixup verbose where node is a comma-delimited list of nodes you want to make cluster members:
For example: $ ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n node1,node2 -fixup verbose
30
Set up Grid Infrastructure

Login as grid user
$ pwd /home/grid/grid $ ./runInstaller
Select skip software updates Then click next
31

Install and configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a cluster. Then click next
32

Select Advanced Installation which gives more flexibility on grid configuration Then click next
33

Select languages in which your product will run. Then click next
34

Input cluster name and scan name. The scan name must be resolved by dns.
Then click next
35

Add all the other cluster nodes. Test ssh connectivity Then click next
36

Specify the network interface type: Public private Then click next
37

Configure OCR and voting disk files on Oracle ASM storage.
Then click next
38

Create ASM disk group for ocr and voting disk files. After creation, click next
39

Specify ASM password Use same password for sys/asmsnmp accounts.
Then click next
40
Do not use Intelligent Platform Management Interface(IPMI)

Then click next
41

Specify privileged operating system group for ASM instance dba: asmadmin:
Then click next
42

Specify installation location Then click next
43

Specify Inventory location
Then click next
44

Perform prerequisit checks If it passed, then click next
45

Configuration summary
If correct, then clickinstall
46

Install grid infrastructure software
47

Execute configuration scripts from all cluster nodes.
Then clickok and continue installing.
48

The installation of Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a cluster was successful.
Click finishto compete installation
49
Manage ASM group

Check asm disk group Create data disk group Create FRA disk group
50
Check ASM disk group

Login as grid user
Run asmca command $ asmca
51
Create data disk group

click create ondisk grouptab page, Then input disk group name , select redundancy type and asmlib device. Click OK
52
Create data disk group(conts)

the disk group created successfully.
53
Create FRA disk group

Create FRA disk group as the same as data disk group
54
Install Oracle database
55
Installing Database
Login as oracle user Run the script $./runInstaller
Uncheck I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Support. Then click next
56
Installing Database
Click yes and dont provide email address.
57
Installing Database
Skip software updates
Then click next
58
Installing Database
Install database software only
59
Installing Database
Oracle Real Application Clusters database installation Select all cluster nodes. Then click next
60
Installing Database
Select the languages in which your software will run. Then click next
61
Installing Database
Select Database edition: Enterprise edition Then click next
62
Installing Database
Specify installation location
Then click next
63
Installing Database
Specify privileged operating system groups dba: OSDBA Then click next
64
Installing Database
Perform prerequisite checks
If successful, then click next
65
Installing Database
Database configuration summary Then click install
66
Installing Database
Install database product
67
Installing Database
Execute configuration scripts Then clickOK and continue to install
68
Installing Database
Click close and complete installation
69
Creating RAC database

Login as oracle user Then run dbca command Select oracle Real Application Cluster database Click next
70

Select create a Database Then click next
71

Database template: General purpose or transaction processing
Then click next
72

Specify database name Select nodes for cluster database Then click next
73

Configure database control for local management
Then click next
74

Use the same Administrative password for all accounts Then click next
75

Specify storage type and locations for database files Use OracleManaged files
Then click next
76

Enter asm password
Then click ok
77

Specify FRA location and enable archiving Then click next
78

Select sample schemas
Then click next
79

Specify database character set Adjust other parameters after completion. Then click next
80

Database storage: accept the default setting Then clicknext
81

Click finishand start to create rac database
82

Once database creation complete, then click exit
83
Manage RAC database

Oracle Clusterware Control crsctl Server control untility srvctl Use the database console
84
Oracle Clusterware Control --crsctl

Login as grid user Check the status of cluster $crsctl status res t $crsctl check cluster Start/stop cluster $crsctl start cluster $crsctl stop cluster $crsctl start crs $crsctl stop crs
85
Server Control Utility--srvctl

Login as oracle user Start RAC database
$srvctl start database d <dbname> $srvctl start asm n <node>
Stop RAC database

$srvctl stop database d <dbname> $srvctl stop asm n <node> Eg: $srvctl start database d racdb $srvctl stop database d racdb
.
86
Database Control
Configure database control $emca deconfig dbcontrol db repos create -cluster Check the status $emctl status dbconsole Start db control $emctl start dbconsole Stop db control $emctl stop dbconsole
87
Database Control
Monitor the cluster
Eg: the cluster name is racdb
88
Database control
Moniter the performance of RAC database
89
Database Control
Monitor the schema of RAC database
90
Database Control
Monitor instances of the cluster
91
Database Control
Monitor the home page of database instance
92
Database Control
Monitor Memory usage of database instance
93
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Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Oracle RAC Database Deployment

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Other required Packages can be installed after completing OS installation.

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Install required packages

Check if the package is installed.

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Install required packages (cons)

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Verify kernel parameters

Take it effect : #sysctl p

Create database user and group

Check user information

Set password for the user

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Creating Installation directory

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Shell resource limits

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Configuring security login

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Network Time Protocol Setting

Stop NTP service

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

The cvuqdisk package is located in the grid install media.

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Customize Linux Sevices

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Set Environment variables

Based on different user, set ORACLE_* variables to different values.

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Grid Infrastructure Installation

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Configure ssh equivalence

Copy and transfer ssh keys

Verify ssh equivalence

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

List asmlib devices

Scan asmlib devices #service oracleasm scandisks

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Perform pre-installation check

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Set up Grid Infrastructure

Select skip software updates Then click next

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Set up Grid Infrastructure

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Set up Grid Infrastructure

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Set up Grid Infrastructure

Solutions & Engineering of Defense and Security Information Systems

Set up Grid Infrastructure