WARD LEONARD METHOD FOR SPEED CONTROL OF DC MACHINE

Objective: Speed control of a D.C. motor by Ward Leonard Method and to plot the curve for speed vs. applied armature voltage.
S.No 1 # $ & ( + Name of Apparat ! Ammeter Ammeter %oltmeter 'heostats 'heostats Motor ,-enerator set T"pe M M M D.C. Ra#$e !"# A !"1! A !"$!! % 1(!)*1 A 1(!)*1.+ A " % a#tit" $ # # $ 1 1

Proce& re: 1. Connect the circuit as sho/n in figure. #. 0eep the field rheostat of the D.C. motor of M- set to its minimum position and the field rheostat of the generator to its minimum position. $. S/itch 12 the d.c. supply. 3he motor /ill start and it /ill run at a slo/ speed. &. 2ote do/n the speed* field current and armature voltage of test motor M1. (. Change the field current of generator 4varying the field rheostat.* output of generator /ill change hence the speed of motor M1 /ill also change 4due to change in armature voltage..

T'eor": 3his system is used /here an unusually /ide 4up to 1!:1. and very sensitive speed control is re5uired. 3he arrangement is sho/n in figure in /hich M 1 is the main motor /hose speed control is re5uired. 3he field of this motor is permanent connected across the D.C. supply lines. 6y applying a variable voltage across its armature* any desired speed can be obtained. 3his variable voltage is supplied by a motor"generator set /hich consists of either a d.c. or an a.c. motor M# directly coupled to generator -. 3he motor M# runs at an appro7imately constant speed. 3he output voltage of - is directly fed to the main motor M1. 3he voltage of the generator can be varied from 8ero up to its ma7imum value by means of its field regulator. Despite the fact that capital outlay involved in this system is high because 4i. a large output machine must be used for used for the motor generator set and 4ii. that t/o e7tra machines are employed* still it is used e7tensively* the reason for this is that the almost unlimited speed control can be achieved by field control of generator. 9or -enerator - " 9or Motor M1 " : 4induce emf. ; 2<%

f direction of field current is reversed*

4;f.

generator

/ill be opposite but at the same time polarity of : g /ill also

4; is constant of test motor as its field is supplied by separate

reverse so :g /ill be negative. 3m

supply.

3m

So 3m 4tor5ue of motor. /ill be negative and no/ tor5ue /ill act in opposite direction. 3his can be done /ith the help of s/itch.

Ob!ervatio# Tab(e) S.No *e#erator * *e#erator fie(& *e#erator c rre#t O tp t ,o(ta$e If ,O Motor M+ Te!t motor !pee& N

+ . /

Ca(c (atio#!0C'aracteri!tic!)

Re! (t!0Co#c( !io#:

PRE EXPERIMENTAL QUIZ (1) Is it possible to reverse the direction of rotation of test motor by WARD-L !"ARD control# ($) In WARD-L !"ARD system% the variable volta&e to the test motor armat're is obtained from a separately e(cited &enerator% )hy# (*) +he control by WARD-L !"ARD method is possible in )hich speed ran&e (belo) or above the base speed), (4) What is the base speed of a machine# POST EXPERIMENTAL QUIZ (1) Wo'ld it ma-e any difference in the c'rves obtained for WARD-L !"ARD method% if the readin&s )ere ta-en for decreasin& val'es of field c'rrent instead of increasin& val'es# ($) .an WARD-L !"ARD system of speed control provide Re&enerative bra-in&# (*) What are the Advanta&es of WARD-L !"ARD derives# (4) What problems yo' have faced in performin& the test in the laboratory# (/) What are the Disadvanta&es of classical WARDL !"ARD system# (0) +o remove the problems faced in classical WARDL !"ARD system% )hat remedy can be 'sed# Is there any alternative of this method, If yes% then name them#