Visualforce Controllers

Getting Started with SalesForce CRM
VisualForce Controllers in SalesForce CRM
Description:
BISP is committed to provide BEST learning material to the beginners and advance learners. In the same series, we have prepared a complete end-to end Hands-on Beginners G ide !or Sales"orce. The doc ment !oc ses on #is al!orce inter!ace. $oin o r pro!essional training program and learn !rom e%perts.
History:
Version Description Change 0.1 Initial Draft 0.1 $e%ie&'1 Author Chandra Prakash har!a A!it har!a Publish Date "0th Dec "01# "0th Dec "01#
www.bispsolutions.com
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Page 1
Contents Understand the VisualForce framework, including its Advantages.....................................................3 Understand the VisualForce framework :.......................................................................................3 What is VisualForce ................................................................................................................. 3 Advantage of VisualForce :............................................................................................................! "#namic VisualForce $indings :.....................................................................................................% Actions on a &age to a controller :..................................................................................................' Using (tandard )ist Controller Actions :.....................................................................................' Create custom controllers and standard controller e*tensions to incor&orate new data and actions into a &age......................................................................................................................................... + Custom Controllers :...................................................................................................................... + What are Custom Controllers and Controller ,*tensions ..........................................................+ -ow .o Create /age $# Using Custom Controllers :..................................................................0 -ow to $uilding a Custom Controller :........................................................................................1 Controller 2ethods :................................................................................................................. 13 (tandard Controllers :.................................................................................................................. 13 Associating a (tandard Controller with a VisualForce /age :...................................................13 Accessing "ata with a (tandard Controller :.............................................................................13 (tandard Controller Actions :....................................................................................................13 ................................................................................................................................................. 11 Validation 4ules and (tandard Controllers :.............................................................................11 Understand the securit# im&lications of using custom vs. standard controllers................................15 Controller Class (ecurit# :........................................................................................................ 15 6m&lement wi7ards using custom controllers to handle the state and o&erations.............................13 Create custom com&onents that use custom controllers..................................................................11
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Understand the VisualForce framework, including its Advantages

Understand the VisualForce framework :
What is VisualForce
What is VisualForce VisualForce is a framework that allows develo&ers to 8uild so&histicated, custom user interfaces that can 8e hosted nativel# on the Force.com &latform. .he VisualForce framework includes a tag9 8ased marku& language, similar to -.2).
What is a VisualForce !age "evelo&ers can use VisualForce to create a VisualForce &age definition. A &age definition consists of two &rimar# elements: VisualForce marku& A VisualForce controller Where Can VisualForce !ages "e Used (imilar to s9controls, develo&ers can use VisualForce &ages to: : ;verride standard 8uttons, such as the <ew 8utton for accounts, or the (ave 8utton for contacts : ;verride ta8 overview &ages, such as the Accounts ta8 home &age : "efine custom ta8s : ,m8ed com&onents in detail &age la#outs, similar to the wa# inline s9controls can 8e em8edded
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Advantage of VisualForce :
As a marku# language, VisualForce #rovides the following $enefits : User%friendl& develo#ment : "evelo&ers can edit their VisualForce marku& in the same window that dis&la#s the resulting &age. Conse=uentl#, develo&ers can instantl# verif# the result of an edit >ust 8# saving their code. .he VisualForce editor &ane also include auto9com&letion and s#nta* highlighting. 'ntegration with other We$%$ased user interface technologies : $ecause VisualForce marku& is ultimatel# rendered into -.2), designers can use VisualForce tags alongside standard -.2), ?ava(cri&t, Flash, or an# other code that can e*ecute within an -.2) &age on the &latform, including Force.com &latform merge fields and e*&ressions. Model%View%Controller (MVC) st&le develo#ment : VisualForce conforms to the 2odel9View9Controller @2VCA develo&ment &attern 8# &roviding a clear division 8etween the view of an a&&lication @the user interface, defined 8# VisualForce marku&A, and the controller and the controller that determines how the a&&lication works@the 8usiness logic, defined 8# a VisualForce controller written in A&e*A. Concise s&nta* : VisualForce &ages can im&lement the same functionalit# as s9controls 8ut with a&&ro*imatel# 13B fewer lines of code. +ata%driven defaults : VisualForce com&onents are rendered intelligentl# 8# the &latform. For e*am&le, rather than forcing &age designers to use different com&onent tags for different t#&es of edita8le fields @such as email addresses or calendar datesA, designer scan sim&l# use a generic Ca&e*:in&utFieldD tag for all fields. .he VisualForce renderer dis&la#s the a&&ro&riate edit interface for each field. ,osted #latform : VisualForce &ages are com&iled and rendered entirel# 8# the Force.com &latform. $ecause the# are so tightl# integrated, the# dis&la# the same &erformance as standard (alesForce &ages, regardless of the amount of data 8eing dis&la#ed or edited. Automaticall& u#gradea$le : VisualForce &ages do not need to 8e rewritten when other &arts of the Force.com &latform are u&graded. $ecause the &ages are stored as metadata, the# are automaticall# u&graded with the rest of the s#stem.
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Use e*#ressions to $ind data and actions on a #age to a controller +&namic VisualForce "indings :
6n (alesForce "#namic VisualForce 8indings are a wa# of writing generic VisualForce &ages that dis&la# information a8out records without necessaril# knowing which fields to show. 6n other words, fields on the &age are determined at run time, rather than com&ile time. .his allows a develo&er to design a single &age that renders differentl# for various audiences, 8ased on their &ermissions or &references. "#namic 8indings are useful for VisualForce &ages included in managed &ackages since the# allow for the &resentation of data s&ecific to each su8scri8er with ver# little coding. +&namic VisualForce $inding is su##orted for standard and custom o$-ects : (#nta* : referenceEe*&ressionF +&namic $indings can $e used an&where formula e*#ressions are valid : (#nta* : GHreferenceEe*&ressionFI ,nters "#namic VisualForce $inding. )etJs >ust =uickl# see what a regular VisualForce &age looks like. As an e*am&le 6 want to dis&la# the ,m&lo#ee first <ame, 2o8ile <um8er, /osition. .o do that, all #ou need to do is a ver# sim&le VisualForce &age like this :
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Actions on a #age to a controller :

Using Standard .ist Controller Actions :
Action methods &erform logic or navigation when a &age event occurs, such as when a user clicks a 8utton, or hovers over an area of the &age. S&nta* /a#e*:command"utton0 /a#e*:command.ink0 /a#e*:action!oller0 /a#e*:actionSu##ort0 /a#e*:actionFunction0 /a#e*:#age0 +escri#tion creates a 8utton that calls an action creates a link that calls an action &eriodicall# calls an action makes an event @,*: KonclickK, KonmouseoverK, and so onA on another, named com&onent, call an action defines a new ?ava(cri&t function that calls an action calls an action when the &age is loaded
Action Methods : Action Save 1uicksave list
cancel
first
last ne*t #revious
+escri#tion 6nserts new records or u&dates e*isting records that have 8een changed. 6nserts new records or u&dates e*isting records that have 8een changed. 4eturns a /age4eference o8>ect of the standard list &age, 8ased on the most recentl# used list filter for that o8>ect when the filter6d is not s&ecified 8# the user. A8orts an edit o&eration. "is&la#s the first &age of records in the set. "is&la#s the last &age of records in the set. "is&la#s the ne*t &age of records in the set. "is&la#s the &revious &age of records in the set.
2ou can see $elow 3*am#le :
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Create custom controllers and standard controller e*tensions to incor#orate new data and actions into a #age
Custom Controllers :
A custom controller is an A&e* class that im&lements all of the logic for a &age without leveraging a standard controller. 9 Lou want to leverage the 8uilt9in functionalit# of a standard controller 8ut override one or more actions, such as edit, view, save, or delete. 9 Lou want to add new actions. 9 Lou want to 8uild a VisualForce &age that res&ects user &ermissions. (tandard controllers can &rovide all the functionalit# #ou need for a VisualForce &age 8ecause the# include the same logic that is used for a standard &age. For e*am&le, if #ou use the standard Accounts controller, clicking a Save 8utton in a VisualForce &age results in the same 8ehavior as clicking Save on a standard Account edit &age. -owever, if #ou want to override e*isting functionalit#, customi7e the navigation through an a&&lication, use callouts or We8 services, or if #ou need finer control for how information is accessed for #our &age, #ou can write a custom controller or a controller e*tension using A&e*:
What are Custom Controllers and Controller 3*tensions
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6n VisualForce custom control is an a&e* class that im&lement all of the logic for a &age without leaving a standard controller. Custom control use in VisualForce &age run entirel# in s#stem mode the# does not enforce the &ermissions and field9level securit# of the current user.
,ow 4o Create !age "& Using Custom Controllers :

Click on Setu# D develo# D !ages .hen Click on <ew 8utton. ;4 "irectl# write in address 8ar after login (alesForce site then add given address in url Ma&e*M<ew&age1 for e*am&le #ou see here htt&s:MMc.a&1.visual.force.comMa&e*M<ew&age1 5ote :% 1.2ake (ure in User (etting "evelo&ment 2ode is ena8le. 5. Lou can Custom Control #ou in (tandard ;8>ect and Custom o8>ect. 3*am#le 6:% 6n this e*am&le create ta8le with st#le sheet and how to call image 8# using custom o8>ect Controller. Ste# 6 :% Create new &age Ma&e*M<ew&age1
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5ote :% $efore using this code Ca&e*:image valueNKGHO4esource.imagenameIKMD make sure add image file in (tatic 4esources.
,ow to "uilding a Custom Controller :

From Setu# D +evelo# D A#e* Classes then click 5ew 8utton.
After create a&e* class then #ou can create VisualForce &age #ou can see 8elow. www.bispsolutions.com www.bisptrainigs.com www.hyperionguru.com Page 1
Controller Methods :
Action Control : /a#e*:command"utton0 creates a $utton that calls an action /a#e*:command.ink0 creates a link that calls an action /a#e*:action!oller0 #eriodicall& calls an action /a#e*:actionSu##ort0 makes an event (such as 7onclick8, 7onmouseover8, and so on) on another, named com#onent, call an action /a#e*:actionFunction0 defines a new 9avaScri#t function that calls an action /a#e*:#age0 calls an action when the #age is loaded
Standard Controllers :
6n (alesforce.com VisualForce controller is a set of instructions that s&ecif# what ha&&ens when a user interacts with the com&onents s&ecified in associated VisualForce marku&, such as when a user clicks a 8utton or link. Controllers also &rovide access to the data that should 8e dis&la#ed in a &age, and can modif# com&onent 8ehavior.
Associating a Standard Controller with a VisualForce !age :

Use the standardController attri8ute on the <apex:page> </apex:page> tag and assign it the name of an# SalesForce o8>ect that can 8e =ueried using the Force.com API. S&nta* :
<apex:page standardController="Account"> </apex:page>
Accessing +ata with a Standard Controller :

,ver# standard controller includes a getter method that returns the record s&ecified 8# the id =uer# string &arameter in the &age U4). 9 Lou can traverse u& to five levels of child9to9&arent relationshi&. 9 Lou can traverse one level of &arent9to9child relationshi&s.
Standard Controller Actions :

/a#e*:command"utton0 creates a $utton that calls an action www.bispsolutions.com www.bisptrainigs.com www.hyperionguru.com Page 13
/a#e*:command.ink0 creates a link that calls an action /a#e*:action!oller0 #eriodicall& calls an action /a#e*:actionSu##ort0 makes an event (such as 7onclick8, 7onmouseover8, and so on) on another, named com#onent, call an action /a#e*:actionFunction0 defines a new 9avaScri#t function that calls an action /a#e*:#age0 calls an action when the #age is loaded
Validation Rules and Standard Controllers :

6f a user enters data on a (alesForce &age that uses a standard controller, and that data causes a validation rule error, the error can 8e dis&la#ed on the (alesForce &age. 6f the validation rule error location is a field associated with an Ca&e*:in&utFieldD com&onent, the error dis&la#s there. 6f the validation rule error location is set to the to& of the &age, use the Ca&e*:&age2essagesD or Ca&e*:messagesD com&onent within the Ca&e*:&ageD to dis&la# the error. #ou can see 8elow
3*am#le : .he following &age allows #ou to u&date an account after will all fields then click on Save 8utton.
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Understand the securit& im#lications of using custom vs: standard controllers

Custom Control : (tandard controllers can &rovide all the functionalit# #ou need for a VisualForce &age 8ecause the# include the same logic that is used for a standard &age. For e*am&le, if #ou use the standard Accounts controller, clicking a Save 8utton in a VisualForce &age results in the same 8ehavior as clicking Save on a standard Account edit &age. Standard Control : 6n (alesforce.com VisualForce controller is a set of instructions that s&ecif# what ha&&ens when a user interacts with the com&onents s&ecified in associated VisualForce marku&, such as when a user clicks a 8utton or link. Controllers also &rovide access to the data that should 8e dis&la#ed in a &age, and can modif# com&onent 8ehavior. contain the same functionalit# and logic that are used for standard(alesforce &ages. Can 8e used with standard o8>ects and custom o8>ects.
Controller Class Securit& :

.o set A&e* class securit# from the class list &age: www.bispsolutions.com www.bisptrainigs.com www.hyperionguru.com Page 15
Setu# D +evelo# 0 A#e* Classes then #ou can see securit# link on given &age #ou can see 8elow.
(elect the &rofiles that #ou want to ena8le from the Availa8le /rofiles list and click Add, or select the &rofiles that #ou want to disa8le from the ,na8led /rofiles list and click Remove. .hen click Save: Lou can see 8elow.
'm#lement wi;ards using custom controllers to handle the state and o#erations
3*am#le : 6f #ou want to create a three9ste& o&&ortunit# wi7ard that allows users to create an o&&ortunit# at the same time as a related contact, account, and contact role: .he first ste& ca&tures information related to the account and contact. .he second ste& ca&tures information related to the o&&ortunit#. .he final ste& shows which records will 8e created and allows the user to save or cancel .
Solution : 1. <avigate to the U4) for the Create VisualForce first &age: htt&s:MMChostD.salesforce.comMa&e*Mo&&t#(te&1 5. Click Create /age new;&&t#(te&1.
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3. 4e&eat the (te& @(te& 1 or (te& 5A and give VisualForce &age <ame o&&t#(te&5 and o&&t#(te&3. !. Create the new;&&ortunit#Controller controller itJs create on A&e* class. #ou can see 8elow.
Create A&e* class then #ou create new;&&t#(te&1, new;&&t#(te&5, and new;&&t#(te&3 Visual Force &age. Lou can see 8elow.
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/a#e*:#age controller<=new>##ortunit&Controller= ta$St&le<=>##ortunit&=0 /a#e*:section,eader title<=5ew Customer >##ortunit&= su$title<=Ste# 6 of ?=@0 /a#e*:form 0 /a#e*:#age"lock title<=Customer 'nformation=0 /A%% 4his facet tag defines the =5e*t= $utton that a##ears in the footer of the #age"lock: 't calls the ste#B() controller method, which returns a #ageReference to the ne*t ste# of the wi;ard: %%0 /a#e*:facet name<=footer=0 /a#e*:command"utton action<=CAste#BD= value<=5e*t= st&leClass<=$tn=@0 /@a#e*:facet0 /a#e*:#age"lockSection title<=Account 'nformation=0 /A%% /a#e*:#anelErid0 tags organi;e data in the same wa& as a ta$le: 't #laces all child elements in successive cells, in left%to%right, to#%to%$ottom order %%0 /A%% /a#e*:out#ut.a$el 0 and /a#e*:in#utField 0 tags can $e $ound together with the for and id attri$ute values, res#ectivel&: %%0 /a#e*:#anelErid columns<=B=0 /a#e*:out#ut.a$el value<=Account 5ame= for<=account5ame=@0 /a#e*:in#utField id<=account5ame= value<=CAaccount:nameD=@0 www.bispsolutions.com www.bisptrainigs.com www.hyperionguru.com Page 1%
/a#e*:out#ut.a$el value<=Account Site= for<=accountSite=@0 /a#e*:in#utField id<=accountSite= value<=CAaccount:siteD=@0 /@a#e*:#anelErid0 /@a#e*:#age"lockSection0 /a#e*:#age"lockSection title<=Contact 'nformation=0 /a#e*:#anelErid columns<=B=0 /a#e*:out#ut.a$el value<=First 5ame= for<=contactFirst5ame=@0 /a#e*:in#utField id<=contactFirst5ame= value<=CAcontact:first5ameD=@0 /a#e*:out#ut.a$el value<=.ast 5ame= for<=contact.ast5ame=@0 /a#e*:in#utField id<=contact.ast5ame= value<=CAcontact:last5ameD=@0 /a#e*:out#ut.a$el value<=!hone= for<=contact!hone=@0 /a#e*:in#utField id<=contact!hone= value<=CAcontact:#honeD=@0 /@a#e*:#anelErid0 /@a#e*:#age"lockSection0 /@a#e*:#age"lock0 /@a#e*:form0 /@a#e*:#age0 Create new;&&t#(te&1, then create new;&&t#(te&5 VisualForce &age.
/a#e*:#age controller<=new>##ortunit&Controller= ta$St&le<=>##ortunit&=0 /a#e*:section,eader title<=5ew Customer >##ortunit&= su$title<=Ste# B of ?=@0 /a#e*:form 0 /a#e*:#age"lock title<=>##ortunit& 'nformation=0 www.bispsolutions.com www.bisptrainigs.com www.hyperionguru.com Page 1'
/a#e*:facet name<=footer=0 /a#e*:out#ut!anel 0 /a#e*:command"utton action<=CAste#6D= value<=!revious= st&leClass<=$tn=@0 /a#e*:command"utton action<=CAste#?D= value<=5e*t= st&leClass<=$tn=@0 /@a#e*:out#ut!anel0 /@a#e*:facet0 /a#e*:#age"lockSection title<=>##ortunit& 'nformation=0 /a#e*:#anelErid columns<=B=0 /a#e*:out#ut.a$el value<=>##ortunit& 5ame= for<=o##ortunit&5ame=@0 /a#e*:in#utField id<=o##ortunit&5ame= value<=CAo##ortunit&:nameD=@0 /a#e*:out#ut.a$el value<=Amount= for<=o##ortunit&Amount=@0 /a#e*:in#utField id<=o##ortunit&Amount= value<=CAo##ortunit&:amountD=@0 /a#e*:out#ut.a$el value<=Close +ate= for<=o##ortunit&Close+ate=@0 /a#e*:in#utField id<=o##ortunit&Close+ate= value<=CAo##ortunit&:close+ateD=@0 /a#e*:out#ut.a$el value<=Stage= for<=o##ortunit&Stage5ame=@0 /a#e*:in#utField id<=o##ortunit&Stage5ame= value<=CAo##ortunit&:stage5ameD=@0 /a#e*:out#ut.a$el value<=Role for Contact: CAcontact:first5ameD CAcontact:last5ameD= for<=contactRole=@0 /a#e*:in#utField id<=contactRole= value<=CArole:roleD=@0 /@a#e*:#anelErid0 /@a#e*:#age"lockSection0 /@a#e*:#age"lock0 /@a#e*:form0 /@a#e*:#age0 Create new;&&t#(te&5, then create new;&&t#(te&3 VisualForce &age.
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/a#e*:#age controller<=new>##ortunit&Controller= ta$St&le<=>##ortunit&=0 /a#e*:section,eader title<=5ew Customer >##ortunit&= su$title<=Ste# ? of ?=@0 /a#e*:form 0 /a#e*:#age"lock title<=Confirmation=0 /a#e*:facet name<=footer=0 /a#e*:out#ut!anel 0 /a#e*:command"utton action<=CAste#BD= value<=!revious= st&leClass<=$tn=@0 /a#e*:command"utton action<=CAsaveD= value<=Save= st&leClass<=$tn=@0 /@a#e*:out#ut!anel0 /@a#e*:facet0 /a#e*:#age"lockSection title<=Account 'nformation=0 /a#e*:#anelErid columns<=B=0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=Account 5ame=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=CAaccount:nameD=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=Account Site=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=CAaccount:siteD=@0 /@a#e*:#anelErid0 /@a#e*:#age"lockSection0 /a#e*:#age"lockSection title<=Contact 'nformation=0 /a#e*:#anelErid columns<=B=0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=First 5ame=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=CAcontact:first5ameD=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=.ast 5ame=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=CAcontact:last5ameD=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=!hone=@0 www.bispsolutions.com www.bisptrainigs.com www.hyperionguru.com Page 10
/a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=CAcontact:#honeD=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=Role=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=CArole:roleD=@0 /@a#e*:#anelErid0 /@a#e*:#age"lockSection0 /a#e*:#age"lockSection title<=>##ortunit& 'nformation=0 /a#e*:#anelErid columns<=B=0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=>##ortunit& 5ame=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=CAo##ortunit&:nameD=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=Amount=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=CAo##ortunit&:amountD=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=Close +ate=@0 /a#e*:out#ut4e*t value<=CAo##ortunit&:close+ateD=@0 /@a#e*:#anelErid0 /@a#e*:#age"lockSection0 /@a#e*:#age"lock0 /@a#e*:form0 /@a#e*:#age0
Create custom com#onents that use custom controllers

6n (alesForce #ou can 8uild #our own custom com&onents to augment this li8rar#. Accessing Custom Com#onent Attri$utes in a Controller : Ste# 6: Create A#e* class :
Ste# B : Create Com&onent, how to create Com&onent in (alesForce.com. Setu# D +evelo# D Com#onents, .hen click 5ew 8utton.
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Ste# ? : Create VisualForce &age.
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Visualforce Controllers

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Getting Started with SalesForce CRM

VisualForce Controllers in SalesForce CRM

Understand the VisualForce framework, including its Advantages

Actions on a #age to a controller :

Action Methods : Action Save 1uicksave list

last ne*t #revious

2ou can see $elow 3*am#le :

What are Custom Controllers and Controller 3*tensions

,ow 4o Create !age "& Using Custom Controllers :

,ow to "uilding a Custom Controller :

Associating a Standard Controller with a VisualForce !age :

Accessing +ata with a Standard Controller :

Standard Controller Actions :

Validation Rules and Standard Controllers :

Understand the securit& im#lications of using custom vs: standard controllers

Controller Class Securit& :

Create custom com#onents that use custom controllers

Ste# ? : Create VisualForce &age.

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