INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY We try to understand and predict human behavior Social influence: the effect that the

words, actions, or mere presence of other people have on our thoughts, feelings, attitudes, or behavior. Words ctions &resence of !"#$% &$!&'$ &''&CT ()*(+(*, '"houghts .eelings ttitudes /ehavior

Social psychology: the scientific study of the way in which peoples thoughts, feelings, attitudes and behaviors are influenced by the real or imagined presence of others it is the study of social influence on the individual

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Const ual: the way in which people perceive, comprehend and interpret the social world. Words ctions &resence of !"#$% &$!&'$ effect #ow0 CONSTRUAL ()*(+(*, '"houghts .eelings ttitudes /ehavior

!asis of Social Psychology "# !eha$io is%: observe the objective attributes of the situation to understand human behavior reinforcing properties of the situation: rewarding (positive) vs punishing (negative)
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*# Gestalt Psychology: focus on 1 construals rather than the objective situation. 1 the whole, not parts: how an object appears to an individual, not the individual elements of the objective stimulus because the +hole is different than the sum of its parts first formulated in 2ermany by 3urt 3off4a, Wolfgang 3ohler, 5a6 Wertheimer, their students and colleagues. ,u t Le+in emigrated to ,- founder of modern e6perimental social psychology 1111111111111111 . 1111111111111111

Philosophy foundation of psychology

Social psychology

pe sonality psychology focuses on individual diferences e.g. different behavior pers.psyc: shy, arrogant, charming0 soc.psyc: all and none: diffnt social sitns what are the difnt factors in each0

sociology common point: e6amine influence of social factors on human behavior difference: level of analysis 8 soc.psyc individual in the social conte6t 8 sociology society at large e.g. 8 soc.psyc psychological processes that trigger suicide in specific situations 8 sociology how diffnt is suicide rates in "ur4ey and 9 country0 #ow in 9 society there is suicide0

;!)-"%, ' is affected mainly by 7 basic needs: self1esteem and accuracy. ccordingly there are 7 main approaches in e6plaining how we construe the situations:

Self#estee% app oach1 self1esteem need Social cognition app oach1 need for accuracy

!asic Hu%an -oti$es: Self#estee%: evaluation of ones self1worth (the e6tent to which one views oneself good, competent and decent) the nee. to feel goo. a/out oneself0 maintain a fa$o a/le i%age of oneself and Accu acy: the need to be accurate the need to pe cei$e the +o l. accu ately

Self#estee% app oach1 Const ual is affected by self1esteem need

Social cognition app oach1 Const ual is affected by the need to view the world accurately 'imitations to accurate perception: 1 time 1 perfect info 1 self#fulfilling p ophecy: e6pectations about the social world affect our accuracy. Othe %oti$es: hunger, thirst, fear, love, favor, rewards, need for control

CONSTRUAL

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