Talk at Pakistan Student Conference 2013, KIEL

Hassan Bhatti

Post Studies Opportunities for Students in Deutschland

Topics Organization
1- Typical Students influx in Germany 2-Window of Opportunities 3- Settlement & Residence Opportunities 4- PhD. & doctoral positions in Germany 5- Finding Employment in Germany

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1-Typical Students influx in Germany

2-Window of Opportunities 3- Settlement & Residence Opportunities 4- PhD. & doctoral positions in Germany 5- Finding Employment in Germany

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Typical Students influx, Germany

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Typical Students influx, Germany

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2-Window of Opportunities
3- Settlement & Residence Opportunities 4- PhD. & doctoral positions in Germany 5- Finding Employment in Germany

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Opportunities for Bachelor Students

1- Job in the industry in the relevant field. 2- Perusing masters education . Bachelor students have following benefits: 1- Due to longer duration of studies i.e. 5 years they have better understanding of German culture & society . 2- Most of Bachelor students have good German, so they get benefit in getting jobs etc.

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Opportunities for Masters Students

1- Perusing PhD. position in the industry or academia(discussed latter). 2- Doing research/technical jobs in the industry . Masters students have following benefits: 1- Due to 18 years of education they are reasonably paid. 2- Due to proper salary they have better chances to get blue card or permanent residency in that case.
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Opportunities for Doctoral/PhD. Students

1- Academic career: Mostly postdoc or experience is required. Continued research environment, publications & research grants. 2-R & D jobs: Opportunities to work with companies. It does not have much research exposure as compared to academia however much better paid
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3- Settlement & Residence Opportunities

4- PhD. & doctoral positions in Germany 5- Finding Employment in Germany

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Settlement & Residence Opportunities

For Non-EU citizens, visa award is for three months. The residence permit/nationality can be categorized into three groups. 1- Aufenthaltselaubnis 2- Blau karte 3- Niederlassungserlaubnis 4- German Nationality

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Stage-1: Aufenthaltselaubnis a.k.a. residence permit

Most

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common type of residence permit, normally valid for one year. The extension depends on you employment/studies status & nationality. Provided every thing is in order the extension of this permit is formality. This type of permit has implications on number of working hours on student.
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Stage2: Blau karte a.k.a. blue card

Blau

karte is residence permit for highly skilled professionals. Normally it is easy to get this type then the work permit. It requires German based degree, confirmed job offer of salary 46,400 Euros per year or professionals with engineering, IT or medical field 36,192 Euros. Blaukarte is normally valid up to four years, spouse is also allowed to work with this type of card.
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Stage3: Niederlassungserlaubnis a.k.a. permanent residence permit

Niederlaussungselaubnis is perment residence card, exempt you for any further visa extensions. Non-EU citizens are normally eligible for it after 5 years, you can also apply early under certain conditions. The blaukarte holders get benefit in getting permanent residence. With B1 German certificate you can apply after 23 months & with out B1 after 33 months.

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Stage4: German Nationality a.k.a acquiring Deutsch passport

It

requires seven to eight years to acquire the German passport.( Depending on the state and city) German passport is single nationality passport( where originally nationality is required to be dropped) The requirements include understanding of German language B1 to C1(depending on state). Also good sense of German culture & society by German citizenship exam.
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4- PhD./Doctoral positions in Germany

5- Finding Employment in Germany

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Type of PhD./Doctoral positions Academia versus Industry

Academic positions are mostly in Universities, either by: Advertisement of the positions(normally in cases of funded projects). Direct contact of professor. Industrial positions: Mostly advertised & applied as a job.

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Benefits of PhD. in academia

Topics

is explored by research trends & gradual progression . Does not pay well, but pressure of work is less & can be based by oneself. You do not pay taxes or pension funds. Pre requisite are often covered with course, also professor offer more help & time.

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5- Finding Employment in Germany

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Steps to Employment & work permit

1. 2.

3.

Searching for Job Positions Applying for job/Interviews Applying for work permit (if required)

Understanding job contract Knowing your rights as employee

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Step-1: Seeking Job

German job advertisement is generally by HR companies. However some jobs are still advertised by companies directly. Look for online hiring site toytowngermany.com, monster.de, stepstone.de , jobpilot.de, jobs.expatica.com/de news papers, social network sites Berliner-zeitung.de , berlin-online.de , jobs.guardian.co.uk, linkendin, Xing etc. Companies website & new letters Visit positions on Intel, bosch, siemens , infineon, texas etc. & subscribe their new letters.

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Step-1: Seeking Job: (word of advice)

Compile Excel sheet & maintain old CV send to companies to review them on interview dates. Be patient hiring process takes 3/5 months . Not all application get responses. Always remember to include cover letter, & proper CV(covered on next slide). Do not use same CV for all jobs, modify the CV according to the employer needs but keep track of all changes.

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Step-2: Applying for jobs: lebenslauf a.k.a. CV

while applying for job, CV is most important piece of document. Keep following in mind. Use standard CV formats like Euro pass Do not put in what you have, present what your companies want to read. Keep in mind CV is piece of document that justifies you as right candidate for the job Donot brag about yourself, only put what you have . Present them in a way that your skills meets with the needs of your employer.
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Understanding Job contract

Jobs are bounded by the contract between employer & employee called befristete Arbeitsvertrag. The contact contains salary & benefits , working hours , leave policy, responsibilities etc. The contract can be negotiated at any point & revised to new terms & conditions. Company can renew the contract only once after that it must be conveted to unlimited contract called unbefristete Arbeitsvertrag.

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Contract termination & Wichtigem grund

The

termination on your part requires 28 days period, required before 14th of any month. The company can fire you at any point of time due to your incompetency or other reasons called Wichtigem grund. The company can also terminate your contract with same notice period by stating it can not afford you any more.

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Knowing your rights: Eures & Bundesagentur fur arbeit

Eures

works for the rights of labors, they can be contacted through arbeitsamt at www.eures.eu.int/eures. You can suit against Wichtigem grund through bundesagentur fur arbeit(01801 555 111) , court may ask you company to re employee you. You can find guide to your legal rights here www.lg2g.info/

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Step-3: Applying for Job permit

Step 1: submit permit application German embassy in the country where the candidate lives. Step 2: The immigration office, in cooperation with the local employment office (the Arbeitsamt) that issues the permission, makes its decision(after application is given by embassy to auslanderbehorde). Step 3: Embassy provides an work visa to the candidate.

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Questions!!

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