A23.

3-04

Canadian Standards Association

6.8 Post-tensioning 6.8.2 Unbonded tendons 6.8.2.4.1

The concrete cover to the anchorage, measured in a direction perpendicular to the tendon, shall be not less than 40 mm.

6.8.2.4.2
The stressing pocket shall be sufficiently deep so that the cover to the end cap, measured parallel to the tendon, will be at least 40 mm and the cover to the anchorage will be at least 60 mm.

Table 1 Definitions of C, F, N, A, and S classes of exposure

(See Clauses 3, 4.1.1.1.1, 4.1.1.5, 4.4.4.1.1.1, 4.4.4.1.1.2, 6.6.7.5.1, and 8.13.3, Tables 2 and 17, and Annex L.)
C-XL Structurally reinforced concrete exposed to chlorides or other severe environments with or without freezing and thawing conditions, with higher durability performance expectations than the C-1, A-1, or S-1 classes. Structurally reinforced concrete exposed to chlorides with or without freezing and thawing conditions. Examples: bridge decks, parking decks and ramps, portions of marine structures located within the tidal and splash zones, concrete exposed to seawater spray, and salt water pools. Non-structurally reinforced (i.e., plain) concrete exposed to chlorides and freezing and thawing. Examples: garage floors, porches, steps, pavements, sidewalks, curbs, and gutters. Continuously submerged concrete exposed to chlorides, but not to freezing and thawing. Examples: underwater portions of marine structures. Non-structurally reinforced concrete exposed to chlorides, but not to freezing and thawing. Examples: underground parking slabs on grade. Concrete exposed to freezing and thawing in a saturated condition, but not to chlorides. Examples: pool decks, patios, tennis courts, freshwater pools, and freshwater control structures. Concrete in an unsaturated condition exposed to freezing and thawing, but not to chlorides. Examples: exterior walls and columns. Concrete not exposed to chlorides, nor to freezing and thawing. Examples: footings and interior slabs, walls, and columns. Structurally reinforced concrete exposed to severe manure and/or silage gases, with or without freeze-thaw exposure. Concrete exposed to the vapour above municipal sewage or industrial effluent, where hydrogen sulphide gas might be generated. Examples: reinforced beams, slabs, and columns over manure pits and silos, canals, and pig slats; and access holes, enclosed chambers, and pipes that are partially filled with effluents. Structurally reinforced concrete exposed to moderate to severe manure and/or silage gases and liquids, with or without freeze-thaw exposure. Examples: reinforced walls in exterior manure tanks, silos and feed bunkers, and exterior slabs. Structurally reinforced concrete exposed to moderate to severe manure and/or silage gases and liquids, with or without freeze-thaw exposure in a continuously submerged condition. Concrete continuously submerged in municipal or industrial effluents. Examples: interior gutter walls, beams, slabs, and columns; sewage pipes that are continuously full (e.g., forcemains); and submerged portions of sewage treatment structures. Non-structurally reinforced concrete exposed to moderate manure and/or silage gases and liquids, without freeze-thaw exposure. Examples: interior slabs on grade. Concrete subjected to very severe sulphate exposures (Tables 2 and 3). (Continued)

C-1

C-2 C-3 C-4 F-1 F-2 N A-1

A-2

A-3

A-4

S-1

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 Canadian Standards Association

Design of concrete structures

Table 1 (Concluded)
S-2 S-3 Concrete subjected to severe sulphate exposure (Tables 2 and 3). Concrete subjected to moderate sulphate exposure (Tables 2 and 3).

Notes: (1) C classes pertain to chloride exposure. (2) F classes pertain to freezing and thawing exposure without chlorides. (3) N class is exposed to neither chlorides nor freezing and thawing. (4) All classes of concrete exposed to sulphates shall comply with the minimum requirements of S class noted in Tables 2 and 3. In particular, Classes A-1 to A-4 in municipal sewage elements could be subjected to sulphate exposure.

Table 16 Bend diameter for standard hooks

(See Clause 6.6.2.3.)
Minimum bend diameter,* mm Steel grade Bar size, mm 10 15 20 25 30 35 45 55 300R 60 90 400R or 500R 70 100 120 150 250 300 450 600 400W or 500W 60 90 100 150 200 250 400 550

*Bend diameters shall not be reduced by more than 10% from those listed unless otherwise permitted by the owner. Special fabrication is required for bends exceeding 90 for bars of these sizes and grades. R refers to Regular grade. W refers to Weldable grade.

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Canadian Standards Association

Table 17 Concrete cover

(See Clauses 4.3.2.2.1 and 6.6.6.2.3.)
Exposure class (see Tables 1 and 2) Exposure condition Cast against and permanently exposed to earth Beams, girders, columns, and piles Slabs, walls, joists, shells, and folded plates Ratio of cover to nominal bar diameter Ratio of cover to nominal maximum aggregate size N* 30 mm 20 mm 1.0 1.0 F-1, F-2, S-1, S-2 75 mm 40 mm 40 mm 1.5 1.5 C-XL, C-1, C-3, A-1, A-2, A-3 75 mm 60 mm 60 mm 2.0 2.0

*This refers only to concrete that will be continually dry within the conditioned space (i.e., members entirely within the vapour barrier of the building envelope). The cover for a bundle of bars shall be the same as that for a single bar with an equivalent area. The specified cover from screeded surfaces shall be at least 1.5 times the nominal maximum aggregate size to reduce interference between aggregate and reinforcement where variations in bar placement result in a cover smaller than specified. Notes: (1) Greater cover or protective coatings might be required for exposure to industrial chemicals, food processing, and other corrosive materials. See PCA IS001.08T. (2) For information on the additional protective measures and requirements for parking structures, see CSA S413. (3) For information on the additional protective measures and requirements for bridges, see CAN/CSA-S6.

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